DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

LABORATORY

PROGRAM EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES :

PEO1: To ensure graduates will be proficient in utilizing the fundamental knowledge of basic
sciences, mathematics and Information Technology for the applications relevant to various streams of
Engineering and Technology.

PEO2: To enrich graduates with the core competencies necessary for applying knowledge of
computers and telecommunications equipment to store, retrieve, transmit, manipulate and analyze
data in the context of business enterprise.

PEO3: To enable graduates to think logically, pursue lifelong learning and will have the capacity to
understand technical issues related to computing systems and to design optimal solutions.

PEO4: To enable graduates to develop hardware and software systems by understanding the
importance of social, business and environmental needs in the human context.

PEO5: To enable graduates to gain employment in organizations and establish themselves as

professionals by applying their technical skills to solve real world problems and meet the diversified
needs of industry, academia and research.

PROGRAMME OUTCOMES:
Engineering Graduates will be able to:
1. Engineering knowledge: Apply the knowledge of mathematics, science, engineering
fundamentals, and an engineering specialization to the solution of complex engineering problems.
2. Problem analysis: Identify, formulate, review research literature, and analyze complex
engineering problems reaching substantiated conclusions using first principles of mathematics,
natural sciences, and engineering sciences.
3. Design/development of solutions: Design solutions for complex engineering problems and
design system components or processes that meet the specified needs with appropriate consideration
for the public health and safety, and the cultural, societal, and environmental considerations.
4. Conduct investigations of complex problems: Use research-based knowledge and research
methods including design of experiments, analysis and interpretation of data, and synthesis of the
information to provide valid conclusions.
5. Modern tool usage: Create, select, and apply appropriate techniques, resources, and modern
engineering and IT tools including prediction and modeling to complex engineering activities with an
understanding of the limitations.
6. The engineer and society: Apply reasoning informed by the contextual knowledge to assess
societal, health, safety, legal and cultural issues and the consequent responsibilities relevant to the
professional engineering practice.
7. Environment and sustainability: Understand the impact of the professional engineering
solutions in societal and environmental contexts, and demonstrate the knowledge of, and need for
sustainable development.
8. Ethics: Apply ethical principles and commit to professional ethics and responsibilities and norms
of the engineering practice.
9. Individual and team work: Function effectively as an individual, and as a member or leader in
diverse teams, and in multidisciplinary settings.
10. Communication: Communicate effectively on complex engineering activities with the
engineering community and with society at large, such as, being able to comprehend and write
effective reports and design documentation, make effective presentations, and give and receive clear
instructions.
11. Project management and finance: Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the
engineering and management principles and apply these to one’s own work, as a member and leader
in a team, to manage projects and in multidisciplinary environments.
12. Life-long learning: Recognize the need for, and have the preparation and ability to engage in
independent and life-long learning in the broadest context of technological change.

PROGRAM SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES (PSOs):

1. To create, select, and apply appropriate techniques, resources, modern engineering and IT tools
including prediction and modelling to complex engineering activities with an understanding of the
limitations.

2. To manage complex IT projects with consideration of the human, financial, ethical and
environmental factors and an understanding of risk management processes, and operational and
policy implications.

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR LABORATORY CLASSES

1. Each person may only use one computer at a time.
2. Computers and peripherals are not to be moved or reconfigured without approval
of Lab and Classrooms staff.
3. Students may not install software on lab computers. If you have a question
regarding specific software that you need to use, contact the Classroom and Labs
support team.
4. Drinks are allowed, as long as they are in no-spill containers.
5. Behavior and activities that disturb other users or disrupt the operations of the
lab are not allowed.
6. Always keep silence in the lab.
7. Unless and until needed,do not boot any system in the lab.
8. Don't move or shift the C.P.U. ...
9. Always insert the disk properly in the disk drive before closing its drive door.
10. Do not play with computer peripherals and wires.

FOR EXAMPLE
 Aim of the experiment
 Algorithms
 Programme
 Output
 Results

CS3481 DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM LABORATORY

AIM:
 To learn and implement important commands in SQL.
 To learn the usage of nested and joint queries.
 To understand functions, procedures and procedural extensions of databases.
 To understand design and implementation of typical database applications.
 To be familiar with the use of a front end tool for GUI based application development.

After the completion of this course, students should be able to [Blooms Taxonomy]
C408.1 Create databases with different types of key constraints.

C408.2 Construct simple and complex SQL queries using DML and DCL commands..
C408.3 Use advanced features such as stored procedures and triggers and incorporate in GUI based
application development.
C408.4 Create an XML database and validate with meta-data (XML schema)
C408.5 Create and manipulate data using NOSQL database.

Expected Course outcome and Program Outcome Mapping

Contribution 1: Reasonable 2: Significant 3: Strong

CO/PO PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO 3

C408.1 3 3 3 3 - - - - 3 1 3 2 2 3 2
C408.2 2 2 3 2 2 - - - 1 2 3 3 2 1 2
C408.3 3 3 2 1 1 - - - 1 1 1 3 2 3 3
C408.4 1 3 3 3 1 - - - 1 1 3 2 3 1 3
C408.5 3 2 1 1 1 - - - 2 2 3 1 3 1 2

AVG 2 3 2 2 1 - - - 2 1 3 2 2 2 2
 LIST OF EXPERIMENTS

1. Create a database table, add constraints (primary key, unique, check, Not null), insert rows, update

and delete rows using SQL DDL and DML commands.

2. Create a set of tables, add foreign key constraints and incorporate referential integrity.

3. Query the database tables using different ‘where’ clause conditions and also implement aggregate

functions.

4. Query the database tables and explore sub queries and simple join operations.

5. Query the database tables and explore natural, equi and outer joins.

6. Write user defined functions and stored procedures in SQL.

7. Execute complex transactions and realize DCL and TCL commands.

8. Write SQL Triggers for insert, delete, and update operations in a database table.

9. Create View and index for database tables with a large number of records.

10. Create an XML database and validate it using XML schema.

11. Create Document, column and graph based data using NOSQL database tools.

12. Develop a simple GUI based database application and incorporate all the above mentioned

features 13. Case Study using any of the real life database applications from the following list

a) Inventory Management for a EMart Grocery Shop

b) Society Financial Management

c) Cop Friendly App – Eseva

d) Property Management – eMall

e) Star Small and Medium Banking and Finance

 CONTENTS

EX.NO NAME OF THE EXERCISE

1. Create a database table, add constraints (primary key, unique, check, Not
null), insert rows, update and delete rows using SQL DDL and DML
commands.
2. Create a set of tables, add foreign key constraints and incorporate
referential integrity.
3. Query the database tables using different ‘where’ clause conditions and
also implement aggregate functions.
4. Query the database tables and explore sub queries and simple join
operations.
5. Query the database tables and explore natural, equi and outer joins.
6. Write user defined functions and stored procedures in SQL.
7. Execute complex transactions and realize DCL and TCL commands.
8. Write SQL Triggers for insert, delete, and update operations in a database
table.
9. Create View and index for database tables with a large number of records.

10. Create an XML database and validate it using XML schema.

11. Create Document, column and graph based data using NOSQL database
tools.
12. Develop a simple GUI based database application and incorporate all the
above mentioned features
13. Case Study using any of the real life database applications from the
following list
a) Inventory Management for a EMart Grocery Shop
b) Society Financial Management
c) Cop Friendly App – Eseva
d) Property Management – eMall
e) Star Small and Medium Banking and Finance
EX.No :1 Data Definition Commands, Data Manipulation Commands
and Constraints

AIM:
To create a database and how to perform the operations and add constraints.

ALGORITHM:

Step 1: Create a table using sql query

Step 2: Enter the input in the created table

Step 3: To retrieve a data from table use select command

Step 4: Add constraints primary key, unique, check, Notnull

Step 5: The output will be displayed based on the query.

PROGRAM:

DDL (DATA DEFINITION LANGUAGE) COMMAND:

1. CREATE
2. ALTER
3. DROP
4. TRUNCATE
5. COMMENT
6. RENAME

1. Creation of database and table:

mysql>create database db;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.14
sec) mysql>use db;

Database changed
2. Create the table:

SQL> CREATE TABLE STUDENT (SNO INT, NAME CHAR (11),

POSITION VARCHAR(8));

Table created.
 3. View the table

structure: SQL>

DESC EMP; Name

Null? Type

EMPNO INT

ENAME CHAR(11)

POSITION VARCHAR

(8)

4. Alter the Table:

SQL>ALTER TABLE EMP MODIFY EMPNO INT;

Table altered.

SQL> DESC
EMP;

Name Null? Type

EMPNO INT

ENAME CHAR(11)

POSITION VARCHAR(8)

SQL> ALTER TABLE STUDENT ADD( SALARY INT);

Table altered.
SQL> DESC
EMP;

Name Null? Type

EMPNO INT

ENAME CHAR(11)
 POSITION VARCHAR(8)

SALARY INT

SQL>ALTER TABLE EMP ADD (DOB DATE, DOJ DATE);

Table altered.

5. Remove/Drop the Column:

SQL> ALTER TABLE EMP DROP COLUMN QUALIFICATION;

Table altered.

SQL> ALTER TABLE EMP DROP (DOB, QUALIFICATION);

Table altered

6. Rename the Table:

SQL> RENAME TABLE EMP TO EMPLOYEE;

7. Truncate the Table:

SQL> Truncate table EMPLOYEE;

8. Drop the table:

SQL> DROP TABLE EMPLOYEE;

DML (DATA MANIPULATION LANGUAGE)

1. SELECT

2. INSERT

3. DELETE

4. UPDATE

1.Insert a record from an existing table:

SQL>INSERT INTO EMPLOYEE VALUES (101,'NAGARAJAN','LECTURER',15000);

1 row created.

SQL> INSERT INTO EMPLOYEE (EMPNO,ENAME,POSITION,SALARY) VALUES

(102,”KANNAN”,”PROFESSOR”,50000);
3. Display the records from employee.

SQL> SELECT * FROM

EMPLOYEE;

EMPNO ENAME DESIGNATI SALARY

N

101 NAGARAJA LECTURER 15000

N
102 KANNAN PROFESSOR 50000

4. Update the Table:

SQL> UPDATE EMP SET SALARY=16000 WHERE EMPNO=101;

1 row updated.

5. Delete the row from Table:

SQL> DELETE EMP WHERE EMPNO=103;

1 row deleted.

6. Not NULL Constraint, Unique Constraint :

SQL> CREATE TABLE CUSTOMERS( ID INT NOT NULL, NAME VARCHAR (20)
NONULL, AGE INT NOT NULL UNIQUE, ADDRESS CHAR (25) , SALARY DECIMAL (18, 2),

PRIMARY KEY (ID) );

CUSTOMERS
ID
NAME
AGE
ADDRESS
Empty

SQL>INSERT INTO CUSTOMERS (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY)

VALUES (1, 'Ramesh', 32, 'Ahmedabad', 2000.00 );

SQL>INSERT INTO CUSTOMERS

(ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY) VALUES (2, 'Khilan', 25,
 'Delhi', 1500.00 );

SQL>INSERT INTO CUSTOMERS

(ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY) VALUES (3, 'kaushik', 23,
'Kota', 2000.00 );

SQL>INSERT INTO CUSTOMERS

(ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY) VALUES (4, 'Chaitali', 25,
'Mumbai', 6500.00 );

CUSTOMERS
ID NAME AGE ADDRESS
1 Ramesh 32 Ahmedabad
2 Khilan 25 Delhi
3 kaushik 23 Kota
4 Chaitali 25 Mumbai

7. Primary Key:

SQL>CREATE TABLE CUSTOMERS( ID INT NOT NULL, NAME VARCHAR (20) NOT NULL,
AGE INT NOT NULL UNIQUE, ADDRESS CHAR (25) , SALARY DECIMAL (18, 2),PRIMARY
KEY (ID) );
SQL>ALTER TABLE CUSTOMERS DROP PRIMARY KEY ;

ID | NAME | AGE | ADDRESS | SALARY |

+ + + + + +
| 1 | Ramesh | 32 | Ahmedabad | 2000.00 |
| 2 | Khilan | 25 | Delhi | 1500.00 |
| 3 | kaushik | 23 | Kota | 2000.00 |
| 4 | Chaitali | 25 | Mumbai | 6500.00 |
| 5 | Hardik | 27 | Bhopal | 8500.00 |
| 6 | Komal | 22 | MP | 4500.00 |
| 7 | Muffy | 24 | Indore | 10000.00 |
+ + + + + +

RESULT:
The database was created using the various commands and constraints.
EX. NO :2 Database Querying – Foreign key constraints
and referential integrity.
AIM:

To create a database and to add foreign key constraints and referential

integrity.

ALGORITHM:
Creating a table for relating databases using constraints

Step 1: Create a table using sql query

Step 2: Enter the input in the created table
Step 3: To get related data from different tables use constraint

Step 4: The output will be displayed based on the constraint

PROGRAM:
Foreign Key constraint:

Foreign Key:

SQL> CREATE TABLE ORDERS ( ID INT NOT NULL, DATE DATETIME,CUSTOMER_ID

INT references CUSTOMERS(ID), AMOUNT double, PRIMARY KEY (ID));

SQL>ALTER TABLE ORDERS DROP FOREIGN KEY;

SQL> ALTER TABLE Cancellation ADD FOREIGN KEY (PNR_NO) REFERENCES

Reservation(PNR_N);
Table altered.

Foreign Key Constraint with alter command

SQL> alter table reservation add constraint fk_icode foreign key (busno) references
bus(bus_no);
Table altered.

1
 Referential integrity:

References constraint defined at column level

SQL> create table Passenger(PNR_NO Numeric(9) references r eservation , Ticket_NO

Numeric(9) references ticket, Name varchar(20), Age Number(4), Sex char(10),
PPNO varchar(15));

Table created.

RESULT:

The database was created for relating between databases using the foreign key and referential
constraints.

1
EX.No:3 Aggregate functions

AIM:
To create a database tables using aggregate functions.

ALGORITHM:

Step 1: Create a table using sql query

Step 2: Enter the input in the created table
Step 3: To retrieve a data from table use select command
Step 4: The output will be displayed based on the query
Step 5: Query using aggregate functions.

PROGRAM:
SQL> desc emp;

Name Null? Type

EMPNO NOT NULL NUMBER (4)

ENAME NOT NULL VARCHAR2(30)
JOB VARCHAR2 (10)
MGR NUMBER (4)
HIREDATE SAL DATE NUMBER (7,2)

DEPTNO NUMBER (2)

SQL> select * from emp;

EMPNO ENAME JOB MGR HIREDATE SAL DEPTNO

3737 Priya Officer 7777 07-MAR-09 51000 7

4545 Priya Secretary 3337 09-JUN-09 21000 20
7575 Karthi Manager 3337 07-JUL-07 75000 20
5352 Retish Secretary 5555 09-JUN-09 20000 8
5332 Rocky Assist 5555 08-JAN-08 19500 7
6544 Santh Officer 3337 23-JAN-09 19000 8

6 rows selected.

SQL> desc emp;

 Name Null?
Type

EMPNO NUMBER(4)
PH_NO NUMBER(8)

SQL> select * from emp;

EMPNO PH_NO

3737 225301
4545 485565
6544 789663
7575 896652
6555 987777

1) Avg (Average):

SQL> select avg(sal) from emp;

SAL=34250

2) Min (Minimum):

SQL>Select min(salary) from emp;

MIN=19000

3) Max (Maximum):

SQL>select max(salary) from emp;

MAX=75
Sum:
SQL>Select sum(SAL) from emp;

SUM=205500

4) Count:

SQL>Select count(*) from emp;

COUNT-6
 5)Where clause:

SQL>SELECT * FROM Customers WHERE Country='Mexico';

CustomerID CustomerName ContactName Address City PostalCode Country

1 Alfreds Futterkiste Maria Anders Obere Str. 57 Berlin 12209 Germany

RESULT:
The employee database was created and aggregate functions were used.

EX.No:4
Database Querying – Simple queries, Nested queries, Sub
queries and Joins
AIM:

To create a database using Nested Queries, Sub Queries and different joins

ALGORITHM:

Step 1: Create a table using sql query

Step 2: Enter the input in the created table
Step 3: To get related data from different tables use joins Query
Step 4: The output will be displayed based on the joins query

PROGRAM:

SQL> CREATE TABLE CUSTOMERS (ID INT NOT NULL, NAME VARCHAR (20) NOT
NULL,AGE INT NOT NULL, ADDRESS CHAR (25), SALARY DECIMAL (18, 2),
PRIMARY KEY (ID));

SQL> INSERT INTO CUSTOMERS (ID, NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY)

VALUES (1, 'Ramesh', 32, 'Ahmedabad', 2000.00 );

INSERT INTO CUSTOMERS (ID,NAME, AGE, ADDRESS,SALARY)VALUES (2,

'Khilan', 25, 'Delhi', 1500.00 );

INSERT INTO CUSTOMERS

(ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY) VALUES (3,
'kaushik', 23, 'Kota', 2000.00 );

INSERT INTO CUSTOMERS (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY)VALUES (4,

'Chaitali', 25, 'Mumbai', 6500.00 );

INSERT INTO CUSTOMERS (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY)VALUES (5,

'Hardik', 27, 'Bhopal', 8500.00 );

INSERT INTO CUSTOMERS (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY)VALUES

(6, 'Komal', 22, 'MP', 4500.00 );

ID | NAME | AGE | ADDRESS | SALARY |

+ + + + -+ +
| 1 | Ramesh | 32 | Ahmedabad | 2000.00 |
| 2 | Khilan | 25 | Delhi | 1500.00 |
 |3| kaushik | 23 | Kota | 2000.00 |
|4| Chaitali | 25 | Mumbai | 6500.00 |
|5| Hardik | 27 | Bhopal | 8500.00 |
|6| Komal | 22 | MP | 4500.00 |

1. Sub Queries:

SQL> SELECT * FROM CUSTOMERS WHERE ID IN (SELECT ID FROM

CUSTOMERSWHERE SALARY > 4500);

ID | NAME | AGE | ADDRESS | SALARY |

+ + + + + +
| 4 | Chaitali | 25 | Mumbai | 6500.00 |
| 5 | Hardik | 27 | Bhopal | 8500.00 |

2. Sub Queries with Update Command:

SQL> UPDATE CUSTOMERS SET SALARY = SALARY * 0.25 WHERE AGE IN (SELECTAGE FROM
CUSTOMERS_BKP WHERE AGE >= 27);

+ + + + + +
| ID | NAME | AGE | ADDRESS | SALARY |
+ + + + + +
| 1 | Ramesh | 35 | Ahmedabad | 125.00 |
| 2 | Khilan | 25 | Delhi | 1500.00 |
| 3 | kaushik | 23 | Kota | 2000.00 |
| 4 | Chaitali | 25 | Mumbai | 6500.00 |
| 5 | Hardik | 27 | Bhopal | 2125.00 |
| 6 | Komal | 22 | MP | 4500.00 |

2. Sub Queries with Delete Command:

SQL> DELETE FROM CUSTOMERS WHERE AGE IN (SELECT AGE FROM

CUSTOMERS_BKP WHERE AGE >= 27 );

ID | NAME | AGE | ADDRESS | SALARY |

+ + + + + +
| 2 | Khilan | 25 | Delhi | 1500.00 |
| 3 | kaushik | 23 | Kota | 2000.00 |
| 4 | Chaitali | 25 | Mumbai | 6500.00 |
| 6 | Komal | 22 | MP | 4500.00 |

3. Joins:

Table 1 − CUSTOMERS Table

+ + + + + +
| ID | NAME | AGE | ADDRESS | SALARY |
+ + + + + +
| 1 | Ramesh | 32 | Ahmedabad | 2000.00 |
| 2 | Khilan | 25 | Delhi | 1500.00 |
| 3 | kaushik | 23 | Kota | 2000.00 |
| 4 | Chaitali | 25 | Mumbai | 6500.00 |
| 5 | Hardik | 27 | Bhopal | 8500.00 |
| 6 | Komal | 22 | MP | 4500.00 |
| 7 | Muffy | 24 | Indore | 10000.00 |
+ + + + + +

Table 2 − ORDERS Table

+ + + + +
|OID | DATE | CUSTOMER_ID | AMOUNT |
+ + + + +
| 102 | 2009-10-08 00:00:00 | 3| 3000 |
| 100 | 2009-10-08 00:00:00 | 3| 1500 |
| 101 | 2009-11-20 00:00:00 | 2| 1560 |
| 103 | 2008-05-20 00:00:00 | 4| 2060 |

SQL> SELECT ID, NAME, AGE, AMOUNT FROM CUSTOMERS, ORDERSWHERE

CUSTOMERS.ID = ORDERS.CUSTOMER_ID;

ID | NAME | AGE | AMOUNT |

+ + + + +
| 3 | kaushik | 23 | 3000 |
| 3 | kaushik | 23 | 1500 |
| 2 | Khilan | 25 | 1560 |
| 4 | Chaitali | 25 | 2060

INNER JOIN

SQL> SELECT ID, NAME, AMOUNT, DATE FROM CUSTOMERS

INNER JOIN ORDERS ON CUSTOMERS.ID = ORDERS.CUSTOMER_ID;

ID | NAME | AMOUNT | DATE |

+ + + + +
| 3 | kaushik | 3000 | 2009-10-08 00:00:00 |
 | 3 | kaushik | 1500 | 2009-10-08 00:00:00 |
| 2 | Khilan | 1560 | 2009-11-20 00:00:00 |
| 4 | Chaitali | 2060 | 2008-05-20 00:00:00

LEFT JOIN

SQL> SELECT ID, NAME, AMOUNT, DATE FROM CUSTOMERS

LEFT JOIN ORDERS ON CUSTOMERS.ID = ORDERS.CUSTOMER_ID;

ID | NAME | AMOUNT | DATE |

+ + + + +
| 1 | Ramesh | NULL | NULL |
| 2 | Khilan | 1560 | 2009-11-20 00:00:00 |
| 3 | kaushik | 3000 | 2009-10-08 00:00:00 |
| 3 | kaushik | 1500 | 2009-10-08 00:00:00 |
| 4 | Chaitali | 2060 | 2008-05-20 00:00:00 |
| 5 | Hardik | NULL | NULL |
| 6 | Komal | NULL | NULL |
| 7 | Muffy | NULL | NULL

RIGHT JOIN:

SQL> SELECT ID, NAME, AMOUNT, DATE FROM CUSTOMERS

RIGHT JOIN ORDER ON CUSTOMERS.ID = ORDERS.CUSTOMER_ID;

ID | NAME | AMOUNT | DATE |

+ + + + +
| 3 | kaushik | 3000 | 2009-10-08 00:00:00 |
| 3 | kaushik | 1500 | 2009-10-08 00:00:00 |
| 2 | Khilan | 1560 | 2009-11-20 00:00:00 |
| 4 | Chaitali | 2060 | 2008-05-20 00:00:00

FULL JOINS:

SQL> SELECT ID, NAME, AMOUNT, DATE FROM CUSTOMERS

FULL JOIN ORDERS ON CUSTOMERS.ID = ORDERS.CUSTOMER_ID;

ID | NAME | AMOUNT | DATE |

+ + + + +
| 1 | Ramesh | NULL | NULL |
| 2 | Khilan | 1560 | 2009-11-20 00:00:00 |
 | 3 | kaushik | 3000 | 2009-10-08 00:00:00 |
| 3 | kaushik | 1500 | 2009-10-08 00:00:00 |
| 4 | Chaitali | 2060 | 2008-05-20 00:00:00 |
| 5 | Hardik | NULL | NULL |
| 6 | Komal | NULL | NULL |
| 7 | Muffy | NULL | NULL |
| 3 | kaushik | 3000 | 2009-10-08 00:00:00 |
| 3 | kaushik | 1500 | 2009-10-08 00:00:00 |
| 2 | Khilan | 1560 | 2009-11-20 00:00:00 |
| 4 | Chaitali | 2060 | 2008-05-20 00:00:0

SELF JOINS:

SQL> SELECT a.ID, b.NAME, a.SALARY FROM CUSTOMERS a, CUSTOMERS bWHERE

a.SALARY < b.SALARY;
ID | NAME | SALARY |
+ + + +
| 2 | Ramesh | 1500.00 |
| 2 | kaushik | 1500.00 |
| 1 | Chaitali | 2000.00 |
| 2 | Chaitali | 1500.00 |
| 3 | Chaitali | 2000.00 |
| 6 | Chaitali | 4500.00 |
| 1 | Hardik | 2000.00 |
| 2 | Hardik | 1500.00 |
| 3 | Hardik | 2000.00 |
| 4 | Hardik | 6500.00 |
| 6 | Hardik | 4500.00 |
| 1 | Komal | 2000.00 |
| 2 | Komal | 1500.00 |
| 3 | Komal | 2000.00 |
| 1 | Muffy | 2000.00 |
| 2 | Muffy | 1500.00 |
| 3 | Muffy | 2000.00 |
| 4 | Muffy | 6500.00 |
| 5 | Muffy | 8500.00 |
| 6 | Muffy | 4500.00 |
+

RESULT:
The database was created for relating between databases using the joins and sub queries.
EX.No:5 DATABASE PROGRAMMING- VIEWS -NATURAL, EQUI AND
OUTER JOINS

AIM:

To create a database tables using view command and joins.

ALGORITHM:

Step 1: Create a table using sql query

Step 2: Enter the input in the created table
Step 3: To retrieve a data from table use views and joins.
Step 4: The output will be displayed based on the query

PROGRAM:
NATURAL JOIN:
SQL>CREATE TABLE customer ( id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY, customer_name
VARCHAR( 55), account int, email VARCHAR(55));
Table Created

SQL>CREATE TABLE balance ( id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY, account int,

balance FLOAT(10,2));

Table Created

SQL>INSERT INTO customer(customer_name, account, email)VALUES('Stephen', 1030,

'stephen@javat point.com'), ('Jenifer', 2035, 'jenifer@javatpoint.com'), ('Mathew', 5564,
'mathew@javatpoint.com'), ( 'Smith', 4534, 'smith@javatpoint.com'), ('David', 7648,
'david@javatpoint.com');
SQL>INSERT INTO balance(account, balance) VALUES(1030, 50000.00),
(2035, 230000.00), (5564, 1250
00.00), (4534, 80000.00), (7648, 45000.00);

Customer
id customer_name account email
1 Stephen 1030 stephen@javatpoint.com
2 Jenifer 2035 jenifer@javatpoint.com
3 Mathew 5564 mathew@javatpoint.com
4 Smith 4534 smith@javatpoint.com
5 David 7648 david@javatpoint.com

Balance
id accoun balance
t
1 1030 50000
2 2035 230000
3 5564 125000
4 4534 80000
5 7648 45000

EQUI JOIN:

SQL>Select * from Student;

id name class city
3 Hina3 Delhi
4 Megha 2 Delhi
6 Gouri 2 Delhi

SQL>Select * from Record;

id class city
93 Delhi
10 2 Delhi
12 2 Delhi

SQL>SELECT student.name, student.id, record.class, record.city FROM

student JOIN record ON student.city = record.city;
name id class city
Hina 3 3 Delhi
Megha 4 3 Delhi
Gouri 6 3 Delhi
Hina 3 2 Delhi
Megha 4 2 Delhi
Gouri 6 2 Delhi
Hina 3 2 Delhi
Megha 4 2 Delhi
Gouri 6 2 Delhi
 NON EQUI JOIN :
SQL>SELECT student.name, record.id, record.city FROM student, record WHERE
Student.id < Record.id ;

name id city
Hina 9 Delhi
Megha 9 Delhi
Gouri 9 Delhi
Hina 10 Delhi
Megha 10 Delhi
Gouri 10 Delhi
Hina 12 Delhi
Megha 12 Delhi
Gouri 12 Delhi

FULL OUTER JOIN:

SQL>CREATE TABLE students ( id INTEGER, name TEXT NOT NULL, gender
TEXT T NULL);
To insert some values

SQL>INSERT INTO students VALUES (1, 'Ryan', 'M');

SQL>INSERT INTO students VALUES (2, 'Joanna', 'F'); INSERT INTO students Values (3, 'Moana',
'F');

SQL>CREATE TABLE college ( id INTEGER, classTeacher TEXT NOT NULL, Strength TEXT
NOT NULL);insert some values INSERT INTO college VALUES (1, 'Alpha', '50'); INSERT
INTO college VALUES (2, 'Romeo', '60');INSERT INTO college Values (3, 'Charlie', '55');

SQL>SELECT College.classTeacher, students.id FROM College FULL OUTER JOINCollege ON

College.id=students.id ORDER BY College.classTeacher;

Class Teacher
Id
Alpha 1
Romeo 2
Charlie 3

RESULT:

The database was created for relating between databases using the joins and sub queries.
 DATABASE PROGRAMMING- PROCEDURES AND
EX.No:6
FUNCTIONS

AIM:

To write a PL/SQL query to create a procedure and functions

Algorithm:

Step 1: Start a program by creating table

Step 2: Enter the input
Step 3:The output will be displayed based on the query
Step : Stop the program

Function:

SQL>delimiter $$
>Create function func1 (str varchar(20))
>return char(50)
>return CONCAT(‘WELCOME TO’, str)
>end $$

>delimiter $$
>select func1(‘DBMS LAB’);
>$$

Procedure:

SQL> desc student;

Name Null? Type

REGNO NUMBER(4)
NAME VARCHAR2(20)
MARK1 NUMBER(3)
MARK2 NUMBER(3)
MARK3 NUMBER(3)
MARK4 NUMBER(3)
MARK5 NUMBER(3)
SQL> select * from student;

REGNO NAME MARK1 MARK MARK3 MARK MARK

2 4 5
101 priya 78 88 77 60 89
102 karthi 99 77 69 81 99
103 karthipriya 100 90 97 89 91

SQL> set serverout on;

SQL> declare
2 ave number(5,2);
3 tot number(3);
4 cursor c_mark is select*from student where mark1>=40 and
mark2>=40 and 5 mark3>=40 and mark4>=40 and mark5>=40;
6 begin
7 dbms_output.put_line('regno name mark1 mark2 mark3 mark4 mark5 total
8 average');
9 dbms_output.put_line(' ')
; 10 for student in c_mark
11 loop
12 tot:=student.mark1+student.mark2+student.mark3+student.mark4+student.mark5;
13 ave:=tot/5;
14 dbms_output.put_line(student.regno||rpad(student.name,15)
15 ||rpad(student.mark1,6)||rpad(student.mark2,6)||rpad(student.mark3,6)
16 ||rpad(student.mark4,6)||rpad(student.mark5,6)||rpad(tot,8)||rpad(ave,5));
17 end loop;
18 end;
19 /
regno name mark1 mark2 mark3 mark4 mark5 total average
101 priya 78 88 77 60 89 392 78.4
102 karthi 99 77 69 81 99 425 85
103 karthipriya 100 90 97 89 91 467 93.4

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

RESULT:
Thus the program for creation of procedure is executed successfull
EX.No:7
Execute complex transactions and realize DCL and TCL
commands

AIM:
To execute DCL and TCL Commands.

Algorithm:
Step 1: Start a program
Step 2: Enter the input
Step 3: Execute the TCL abd DCL commands.
Step 4: Stop the program

TCL Commands: Commit,

Rollback, Savepoint:

1.Write a query to end your current transaction and make permanent all
changes performed in the transaction.

SQL> commit;
Commit
complete.

2.Write a query to create a table goods with sno,itemcode,itemname,costnumber

as its attributes and assign primary key constraint for the column “itemcode”.

SQL> create table goods(sno number,itemcode number primary key,itemname varchar2(10),cost

number);

Table created.
SQL> insert into goods values(&sno,&itemcode,'&itemname',&cost);
Enter value for sno:1
Enter value for itemcode: 1025
Enter value for itemname: dell moniters
Enter value for cost: 5000
old 1: insert into goods values(&sno,&itemcode,'&itemname',&cost) new 1: insert into goods
values(1,1025,'dell moniters',5000)

SQL> insert into goods

values(&sno,&itemcode,'&itemname',&cost);
Enter value for sno: 1
Enter value for itemcode: 1025
Enter value for itemname: moniter
Enter value for cost: 5000
old 1: insert into goods values(&sno,&itemcode,'&itemname',&cost)
new 1: insert into goods values(1,1025,'moniter',5000)

1 row created.

SQL> /
Enter value for sno: 2
Enter value for itemcode: 1026
Enter value for itemname: mouse
Enter value for cost: 250
old 1: insert into goods values(&sno,&itemcode,'&itemname',&cost)
new 1: insert into goods values(1026,1026,'mouse',250)

1 row created.

SQL> /
Enter value for sno: 3
Enter value for itemcode: 1027
Enter value for item name: RAM
Enter value for cost: 1500
old 1: insert into goods values(&sno,&itemcode,'&itemname',&cost)
new 1: insert into goods values(3,1027,'RAM',1500)

1 row created.

SQL> /
Enter value for sno: 4
Enter value for itemcode: 1028
Enter value for itemname: webcam
Enter value for cost: 350
old 1: insert into goods values(&sno,&itemcode,'&itemname',&cost)
new 1: insert into goods values(4,1028,'webcam',350)

1 row created.

SQL> /
Enter value for sno: 5
Enter value for itemcode: 1029
Enter value for itemname: pendrive
Enter value for cost: 500
old 1: insert into goods values(&sno,&itemcode,'&itemname',&cost)
new 1: insert into goods values(5,1029,'pendrive',500)

1 row created.
SQL> select *from goods;
SNO ITEMCODE ITEMNAME COST

1 1025 moniter 5000

2 1026 mouse 250
3 1027 RAM 1500
4 1028 webcam 350
5 1029 pendrive 500

SQL> commit;
Commit complete.

3.Write a query to add the record into the table “goods” and set the Savepoint S1, S2 and S3
and verify it.

SQL> insert into goods values (6, 1030,'keyboard', 500);

1 row created.
SQL> save point s1; Save point created.
SQL> insert into goods values (7, 1031,'DVD drive', 2500); 1 row created.
SQL> save point s2; Save point created.
SQL> insert into goods values (8, 1032,'UPS', 3000); 1 row created.
SQL> insert into goods values (9, 1033,'CPU', 5000); 1 row created.
SQL> save point s3; Save point created.

4.Write a query to Roll back to Save point S3 and verify it.

SQL> rollback to savepoint s3; Rollback complete.

To Verify: SQL> select *from goods; SNO ITEMCODE ITEMNAME COST

1 1025 moniter 5000
2 1026 mouse 250
3 1027 RAM 1500
4 1028 webcam 350
5 1029 pendrive 500
6 1030 keyboard 500
7 1031 DVD drive 2500
8 1032 UPS 3000
9 1033 CPU 5000

9 rows selected.
Write a query to Rollback to Save point S2 and verify it.
SQL> rollback to save point s2;
Rollback complete.

To Verify: SQL> select *from goods;

SNO ITEMCODE ITEMNAME COST

1 1025 moniter 5000
2 1026 mouse 250
3 1027 RAM 1500
4 1028 webcam 350
5 1029 pen drive 500
6 1030 keyboard 500
7 1031 DVD drive 2500
7 rows selected.

Write a query to Rollback completely and verify it.

SQL> rollback;
Rollback complete.
To Verify:
SQL> select *from goods;

SNO ITEMCODE ITEMNAME COST

1 1025 moniter 5000

2 1026 mouse 250
3 1027 RAM 1500
4 1028 webcam 350
5 1029 pendrive 500

DCL Commands:
Grant:
GRANT SELECT, UPDATE ON MY_TABLE TO SOME_USER, ANOTHER_USER;

SQL> GRANT SELECT ON Users TO'Tom'@'localhost;

Revoke:

REVOKE privilege_nameON object_nameFROM {user_name |PUBLIC |role_name}

SQL>REVOKE SELECT, UPDATE ON student FROM BCA, MCA;

RESULT:
Thus the TCL and DCL commands in SQL is successfully executed.
EX.No:8 TRIGGERS

AIM:

To write a PL/SQL query to create triggers.

Algorithm:
Step 1: Start a program by creating table
Step2: Enter the input
Step 3: The output will be displayed based on the queryStep 5: Stop the program

Program:

select * from account;

+ + +
| sum | amount |
+ + +
| 10 | 20 |
| 20 | 30 |
| 30 | 40 |
+ + +

Delimiter $$
create trigger update_trigger before update on account for each row
begin
if new.sum=50 then set new.sum=100;
else if new. Sum>50 then set new.sum=200;
end if;
end$$

Output function:

delimiter $$
MySQL> update account set sum=50
$$ select * from account;
-> $$

OUTPUT:
+ + +
| sum | amount |
+ + +
| 100 | 20 |
| 100 | 30 |
| 100 | 40 |
+ + +
RESULT:

Thus the program for creation of triggers and functions is executed successfully
EX.No:9 VIEWS AND INDEX

AIM:
To Create views and index for database tables.

PROGRAM:

SQL> desc emp;

Name Null? Type

EMPNO NOT NULL NUMBER (4)

ENAME NOT NULL VARCHAR2 (30)
JOB VARCHAR2 (10)
MGR NUMBER (4)
HIREDATE SAL DATE NUMBER (7,2)

DEPTNO NUMBER (2)

SQL> select * from emp;

EMPN ENAME JOB MGR HIREDATE SAL DEPTNO

O
3737 Priya Officer 7777 07-MAR-09 51000 7
4545 Priya Secretary 3337 09-JUN-09 21000 20
7575 Karthi Manager 3337 07-JUL-07 75000 20
5352 Retish Secretary 5555 09-JUN-09 20000 8
5332 Rocky Assist 5555 08-JAN-08 19500 7
6544 Santh Officer 3337 23-JAN-09 19000 8

6 rows selected.
EMPNO NUMBER(4)

PH_NO NUMBER(8)
 SQL> select *
fromemp;

EMPNO PH_NO
3737 225301
4545 485565
6544 789663
7575 896652
6555 987777

CREATE VIEW

View created from more than one table leading to ‘Read Only’ view.

SQL> create view view1 as

select emp.ename,empp.ph_no from emp,empp where emp.empno=empp.empno;View created.

SQL> select * from view1;

ENAME

PH_NO

Priya 225301
priya 485565
santh 789663
Karthi 896652

INDEX:

SQL> select * from emp;

Emp_Id Emp_Name Emp_Salary Emp_City Emp_State

1001 Akshay 20000 Noida U.P
1002 Ram 35000 Jaipur
Rajasthan
1003 Shyam 25000 Gurgaon Haryana
1004 Yatin 30000 Lucknow U.P

SQL>CREATE INDEX index_state ON Employee (Emp_State);

SQL> CREATE INDEX index_city_State ON Employee (Emp_City, Emp_State);
 Index created

UNIQUE INDEX

SQL> CREATE UNIQUE INDEX Index_Name ON Table_Name ( Column_Name);

Index created

ALTER AN INDEX

SQL> ALTER INDEX index_Salary RENAME TO Index_Employee_Salary;

Index altered

DROP INDEX

SQL> DROP INDEX index_salary;

Index Dropped

RESULT:
 Thus, the
XML DATABASE AND XML SCHEMA database
views
and
indexes were successfully executed.

EX.No:10

AIM:
To create an xml database and validate it using xml schema.

ALGORITHM:

Step 1: Open an XML file in Visual Studio

Step 2: On the menu bar, choose XML > Create Schema.
Step 3: An XML Schema document is created and opened for each namespace found in
the XML file
Step 4: The output will be displayed web page.
Step 5: Microsoft .NET Framework Class Library namespaces: System.Xml
System.Xml.Schema

Create an XML document:

1. Start Microsoft Visual Studio or Microsoft Visual Studio .NET. Then, create a new

XML file (on the File menu, point to New, and then click File).

2. Select the XML File type, and then click Open.

3. Add the following data to the XML document to represent a product in a catalog:

<Product ProductID="123">
<ProductName>Rugby jersey
</ProductName>
</Product>

4. Save the file as Product.xml in a folder that you will be able to readily access later.

Create a DTD and link to the XML document

1. In Visual Studio 2005 or in Visual Studio .NET, point to New on the File menu, and
 then click File.

2. Select the Text File type, and then click Open.

3. Add the following DTD declarations to the file to describe the grammar of the XML

document: XML
<!ELEMENT Product (ProductName)>
<!ATTLIST Product ProductID CDATA #REQUIRED>
<!ELEMENT ProductName (#PCDATA)>

4. Save the file as Product.dtd in the same folder as your XML document.
5. Reopen Product.xml in Visual Studio 2005.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>

<!DOCTYPE Product SYSTEM "Product.dtd">

6. Save the modified XML document as ProductWithDTD.xml.

Create an XDR schema and link to the XML document

1. In Visual Studio 2005 or in Visual Studio .NET, point to New on the File menu, and then click File.

2. Select the Text File type, and then click Open.

3. Add the following XDR schema definitions to the file to describe the grammar of the XML document:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<Schema name="ProductSchema"
xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:xml-data"
xmlns:dt="urn:schemas-microsoft-
com:datatypes">

<AttributeType name="ProductID" dt:type="int"/>

<ElementType name="ProductName" dt:type="string"/>

<ElementType name="Product" content="eltOnly">

<attribute type="ProductID" required="yes"/>
<element type="ProductName"/>
</ElementType>
</Schema>

4. Save the file as Product.xdr in the same folder as your XML document.
5. Reopen the original Product.xml, and then link it to the XDR schema, as follows:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>

<Product ProductID="123" xmlns="x-schema:Product.xdr">

6
 <ProductName>Rugby jersey</ProductName>
</Product>
6. Save the modified XML document as ProductWithXDR.xm

Create an XSD schema and link to the XML document

1. In Visual Studio .NET, point to New on the File menu, and then click File.
2. Select the Text File type, and then click Open.
3. Add the following XSD schema definition to the file to describe the grammar of the XML document:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<xsd:schema xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
<xsd:element name="Product">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element name="ProductName" type="xsd:string"/>
</xsd:sequence>
<xsd:attribute name="ProductID" use="required" type="xsd:int"/>
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
</xsd:schema>

4. Save the file as Product.xsd in the same folder as your XML document.
5. Reopen the original Product.xml, and then link it to the XSD schema, as follows:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<Product ProductID="123"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-
instance"
xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="Product.xsd">
<ProductName>Rugby jersey</ProductName>
</Product>
6. Save the modified XML document as ProductWithXSD.xml.

6
 Use namespaces in the XSD schema

1. In Visual Studio 2005 or in Visual Studio .NET, open ProductWithXSD.xml. Declare a default
namespace, urn:MyNamespace, in the document. Modify the XSD linkage to specify the XSD
schema to validate content in this namespace, as follows:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Product ProductID="123"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-
instance" xmlns="urn:MyNamespace"
xsi:schemaLocation="urn:MyNamespace Product.xsd">
<ProductName>Rugby jersey</ProductName>
</Product>

2. Save ProductWithXSD.xml.
3. Open Product.xsd, click the XML tab, and then modify the xsd:schema start tag as follows, so
that the schema applies to the namespace urn:MyNamespace:

<xsd:schema
xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
targetNamespace="urn:MyNamespace"
elementFormDefault="qualified">

4. Save Product.xsd.
5. Run the application to validate the XML document by using the XSD schema.

0utput:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<xsd:schema xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
<xsd:element name="Product">
<xsd:complexType>
<xsd:sequence>
<xsd:element name="ProductName" type="xsd:string"/>

6
 </xsd:sequence>
<xsd:attribute name="ProductID" use="required" type="xsd:int"/>
</xsd:complexType>
</xsd:element>
</xsd:schema>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>

<Product ProductID="123"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-
instance"
xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="Product.xsd">
<ProductName>Rugby jersey</ProductName>
</Product>

RESULT:
The xml database was successfully created by display the web page of validate xml schema

7
 Execute complex transactions and realize DCL and TCL commands.

EX.No:11

AIM:
To Create document, column and graph based data using NOSQL database tools

Outcome: document, column and graph based data using NoSQL.

PROGRAM:

Create Database:

>use javatpointdb

Swithched to db javatpointdb
>db

Check the Database:

>show dbs
local 0 local 0.078GB

Insert a document:
>db.movie.insert({"name":"javatpoint"})

db.javatpoint.insert(
{
course:
"java",
details: {
duration: "6 months",
Trainer: "Sonoo
jaiswal"
},
Batch: [ { size: "Small", qty: 15 }, { size: "Medium", qty: 25 } ],

8
 category: "Programming language"
}
)
WriteResult({ "nInserted": 1})

Drop Database:

> db.dropDatabase()

{ "dropped": "javatpointdb", "ok":

1} Create collection :

>db.SSSIT.insert({"name" : "seomount"})
>show
collections SSSIT

db.collection_name.find()

{ "_id" : ObjectId("56482d3e27e53d2dbc93cef8"), "course" : "java", "details" :

{ "duration" : "6 months", "Trainer" : "Sonoo jaiswal" },
"Batch" : [ {"size" : "Small", "qty" : 15 }, { "size" : "Medium",
"qty" : 25 } ], "category" : "Programming language" }

Neo4j CQL

Create

nodes:

Open the localhost on the browser: http://localhost:7474/browser/ and use the following code:
CREATE (single);

8
MATCH (n) RETURN (n)

8
CREATE (primary_node), ( secondary_node);

8
RESULT:
Thus the NoSQL database tool successfully designed and executed.

8
 EX.NO.12 DATABASE GUI APLLICATION – PAYROLL MANAGEMENT

AIM:

To design a staff payroll management System using VB with mysql as backend.

SAMPLE CODE:

Dim db As
Database Dim rs As Recordset
Private Sub
cmdADD_Click()
rs.AddNew DtPicker
DOJ.Enabled = True
txtEmpID.Enabled = True
txtFirstName.Enabled = True
txtLastName.Enabled = True
txtAddress.Enabled = True
txtDOJ.Enabled = True
txtSalary.Enabled = True
txtEmpID.SetFocus
txtEmpID.Text = ""
txtFirstName.Text = ""
txtLastName.Text = ""
txtAddress.Text = ""
txtDOJ.Text=Date

txtSalary.Text =""

txtHRA.Text = ""

txtDA.Text = ""

txtTA.Text = ""

txtPF.Text= ""

txtGrossPay.Text = ""

txtNetPay.Text = ""

cmdEdit.Enabled=False

cmdSubmit.Enabled = False

cmdCalculate.Enabled=

False End Sub

Private Sub

cmdCalculate_Click()If

txtSalary.Text = "" Then

MsgBox "SALARY FIELD IS EMPTY", vbCritical, "Employees

project"txtSalary.SetFocus Else

txtHRA.Text = 0.15 *

Val(txtSalary.Text) txtDA.Text = 0.17

* Val(txtSalary.Text) txtTA.Text =

0.13 * Val(txtSalary.Text) txtPF.Text

= 0.05 * Val(txtSalary.Text)

txtGrossPay.Text = Val(txtHRA.Text) + Val(txtDA.Text) + Val(txtTA.Text) +

Val(txtSalary.Text)txtNetPay.Text
= Val(txtGrossPay.Text) - Val(txtPF.Text)

cmdSubmit.Enabled =

True cmdADD.Enabled =

False

End If End Sub

Private Sub cmdDelete_Click()

Dim msgboxres As VbMsgBoxResult

If rs.RecordCount = 0 Or txtEmpID.Text = "" Then

MsgBox "No records to delete", vbCritical, "Employees Project"

Else

msgboxres = MsgBox("Do you really want to Delete?", vbCritical + vbOKCancel, "Confirmation")If

msgboxres = vbOK Then

Cancel=False

rs.Delete

MsgBox "RECORD DELETED", vbCritical, "Employees

Project" ClearALL

Else

Cancel=True

End If

'rs.MoveNex

t End If

End Sub

txtFirstName.Enabled = True

txtLastName.Enabled = True

txtAddress.Enabled = True
txtDOJ.Enabled = True

txtSalary.Enabled= True

rs("FIRSTNAME")

txtFirstName.Textrs("LASTNAME")

txtLastName.Text rs("ADDRESS")

txtAddress.Text

rs("DATEOFJOINING") = txtDOJ.Text

rs("SALARY") =txtSalary.Text

rs("HRA") = txtHRA.Text

rs("DA") = txtDA.Text

rs("TA") = txtTA.Text

rs("PF") = txtPF.Text rs("GROSSPAY") =txtGrossPay.Textrs

rs("NETPAY") = txtNetPay.Text
End Sub Private Sub cmdExit_Click()
Dim msgboxres As VbMsgBoxResult
msgboxres = MsgBox("Do you want to really exit?", vbCritical + vbOKCancel,

"Confirmation")If msgboxres = vbOK Then

Cancel=False

End

Else

Cancel=True
End If

End Sub

Private Sub

cmdFirst_Cli

ck()

rs.MoveFirst
 cmdPrev.Ena

bled = False

cmdFirst.En

abled = False

cmdNext.Enabled = True

cmdLast.Enabled = True

cmdEdit.Enabled = True GetData

End Sub
Private Sub cmdLast_Click()
rs.MoveLast cmdFirst.Enabled = True
cmdPrev.Enabled = True
cmdNext.Enabled = False
cmdLast.Enabled = False
cmdEdit.Enabled = True
GetData
End Sub
cmdEdit.Enabled = True
cmdFirst.Enabled = True
cmdPrev.Enabled=True
rs.MoveNext
If rs.EOF = True
Then
cmdNext.Enabled=False
e cmdLast.Enabled = False
MsgBox "LAST RECORD", vbInformation, "Employees Project" rs.MoveLast
Else GetData
End If
End Sub
Private Sub cmdPrev_Click() cmdEdit.Enabled = True
cmdFirst.Enabled = True
cmdNext.Enabled = True
cmdLast.Enabled = True
rs.MovePrevious
If rs.BOF = True
Then
cmdFirst.Enabled = False
cmdPrev.Enabled = False
MsgBox "FIRST RECORD", vbInformation, "Employees Project"

rs.MoveFirs
t Else

GetData

End If

GetDat

a End

Sub

Private Sub

cmdReport_Click()

DataReport1.Show

End Sub

Private Sub

cmdSubmit_Click() On Error

GoTo errhandler2

rs("EMPID")=txtEmpID.Text

rs("FIRSTNAME") = txtFirstName.Text

rs("LASTNAME") = txtLastName.Text

rs("ADDRESS") = txtAddress.Text

rs("DATEOFJOINING") = txtDOJ.Text

rs("SALARY") = txtSalary.Text
rs("HRA") = txtHRA.Text
rs("DA") = txtDA.Text
rs("TA") = txtTA.Text
rs("PF") = txtPF.Text
rs("GROSSPAY") =txtGrossPay.Text
rs("NETPAY") =txtNetpay.Text
Private Sub

txtAddress_Change()

cmdSubmit.Enabled = True

End Sub

Private Sub

txtDOJ_Change()

cmdSubmit.Enabled =

True End Sub

[Private Sub

txtEmpID_Change()

cmdSubmit.Enabled = True

End Sub

Private Sub txtEmpID_KeyPress(KeyAscii As

Integer)If (KeyAscii < 48 Or KeyAscii > 57) Then

KeyAscii = 0

MsgBox "PLEASE ENTER ONLY NUMBERS", vbCritical, "Employees

Project"End If End Sub

Private Sub

txtFirstName_Change()

cmdSubmit.Enabled = True

End Sub

Private Sub

txtLastName_Change()
cmdSubmit.Enabled = True

End Sub
Private Sub

txtSalary_Change() If

txtSalary.Text <> "" Then

Cmd Calculate.Enabled = True

End If
End Sub

Public Sub ClearALL() Dim ctrl As Control

For Each ctrl In Me.Controls

If TypeOf ctrl Is TextBox

Then
ctrl.Text = "" Next
End Sub

Public Sub GetData()

If rs.RecordCount <> 0
Then
txtEmpID.Text = rs("EMPID")
txtFirstName.Text = rs("FIRSTNAME")
txtLastName.Text = rs("LASTNAME")
txtAddress.Text = rs("ADDRESS")
txtDOJ.Text = rs("DATEOFJOINING")
txtSalary.Text = rs("SALARY")

txtHRA.Text = rs("HRA")
txtDA.Text = rs("DA")
txtTA.Text = rs("TA")
txtPF.Text=rs("PF")
txtGrossPay.Text = rs("GROSSPAY")
txtNetPay.Text = rs("NETPAY")

txtEmpID.Enabled = False

txtFirstName.Enabled = False

txtLastName.Enabled = False
txtAddress.Enabled = False

txtDOJ.Enabled = False

txtSalary.Enabled = False

txtHRA.Enabled = False

txtDA.Enabled= False

txtTA.Enabled = False

txtPF.Enabled = False

txtGrossPay.Enabled =False

txtNetPay.Enabled = False

cmdSubmit.Enabled = False

cmdCalculate.Enabled=Fals

DtPickerDOJ.Enabled=False

Else

txtEmpID.Enabled = False
txtFirstName.Enabled = False
txtLastName.Enabled = False
txtAddress.Enabled = False
txtDOJ.Enabled = False
txtSalary.Enabled = False
txtHRA.Enabled = False
txtDA.Enabled = False txtTA.Enabled = False txtPF.Enabled = False
txtGrossPay.Enabled = False
txtNetPay.Enabled = False c
mdSubmit.Enabled = False
cmdCalculate.Enabled = False End If
End Sub
PrivateSubtxtSalary_KeyPress(KeyAsciiAs
Integer)
If (KeyAscii < 48 Or KeyAscii > 57) Then
KeyAscii = 0

MsgBox "PLEASE ENTER ONLY NUMBERS", vbCritical, "Employees

Project"End If End Sub
Public Sub DisableFields() txtEmpID.Enabled = False
txtFirstName.Enabled = False
txtLastName.Enabled = False
txtAddress.Enabled = False
txtDOJ.Enabled = False
txtSalary.Enabled = False

cmdADD.Enabled = True
cmdCalculate.Enabled = False
cmdSubmit.Enabled = False
DATABASE IN MS ACCESS:

1
0
1
0
FORMS WHILE EXECUTION:

1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
RESULT:
Thus the Student Personal Information System is successfully designed using PHPwith mysql as backend.
 CASE STUDY E-Mart
GroceryShop
EX.NO:13

AIM:

To create a database for E-mart Grocery shop and apply all sql properties.

SAMPLE CODE:

SQL> create table grocery_visit(date TEXT, time_spent_min INTEGER, amount_spent REAL);

SQL>create table grocery_list(date TEXT, item_name TEXT, item_category TEXT);
insert into grocery_list values("2020-12-03", "Hamburger patties", "Meat and Fish");
insert into grocery_list values("2020-12-03", "Chips", "Pantry");
insert into grocery_list values("2020-12-03", "Avocado", "Fruits and
Vegetables");
insert into grocery_list values("2020-12-03", "Lime", "Fruits and
Vegetables");
insert into grocery_list values("2020-12-03", "Tomato", "Fruits and
Vegetables");
insert into grocery_list values("2020-12-15", "Rice cakes", "Pantry");
insert into grocery_list values("2020-12-15", "Graham crackers", "Pantry");
insert into grocery_list values("2020-12-15",
"Toothpaste", NULL);
insert into grocery_list values("2020-12-15", "Flour",
"Pantry");
insert into grocery_list values("2020-12-15", "Yeast",
"Pantry");
insert into grocery_list values("2020-12-15",
"Popcorn", "Pantry");
insert into grocery_list values("2020-12-15", "Eggs",
NULL);
insert into grocery_list values("2020-12-15", "Milk", "Dairy");
insert into grocery_list values("2020-12-15", "Bananas", "Fruits and Vegetables");
insert into grocery_list values("2020-12-15", "Frozen waffles", NULL);
insert into grocery_list values("2020-12-23",
"Mayo", "Pantry");
insert into grocery_list values("2020-12-23",
"Flour", "Pantry");
insert into grocery_list values("2020-12-23",
"Milk", "Dairy");
insert into grocery_list values("2020-12-23", "Roasted Chicken", "Meat and Fish");
insert into grocery_list values("2020-12-23", "Chocolate chip cookies", "Pantry");
insert into grocery_list values ("2020-12-23",
"Yogurt", "Dairy");
insert into grocery_list values("2020-12-
23","Soda",NULL);
 insert into grocery list values ("2020-12-23", "Grapes", "Fruits and Vegetables");

select * from grocery_list limit 10;

select * from grocery_list where item_category is null;

select distinct item_name from grocery_list;select distinct

item_category from grocery_list;
select *
from grocery_list
where item_category like 'Fruit%';

select * from grocery_visit where date between '2020-12-01' and '2020-12-15';

select count(*) as total_visits
, min(time_spent_min) as shortest_visit
, avg(time_spent_min) as average_visit
, max(time_spent_min) as
longest_visit from grocery_visit;

Cross join:

select *
from grocery_visit
cross join dept_store_visit
where grocery_visit.amount_spent >
and dept_store_visit.amount_spent > 15;
15

RESULT:
Thus the E-mart Grocery Shop is successfully designed.
1..What is DBMS and what is its utility? Explain RDBMS with examples.

2.What is a Database?

3.Mention the issues with traditional file-based systems that make DBMS a better
choice?

4.Explain a few advantages of a DBMS.

5.Explain different languages present in DBMS.

6.What is meant by ACID properties in DBMS?

7.Are NULL values in a database the same as that of blank space or zero?

8.What is Data Warehousing?

9.Explain different levels of data abstraction in a DBMS.

10.What is meant by an entity-relationship (E-R) model? Explain the terms Entity, Entity
Type, and Entity Set in DBMS.

11.Explain different types of relationships amongst tables in a DBMS.

12.Explain the difference between intension and extension in a database.

13.Explain the difference between the DELETE and TRUNCATE command in a DBMS.

14.What is a lock. Explain the major difference between a shared lock and an exclusive
lock during a transaction in a database.

16.Explain different types of Normalization forms in a DBMS.

17.Explain different types of keys in a database.

18.Explain the difference between a 2-tier and 3-tier architecture in a DBMS.