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Arrival and Service Patterns

The document discusses queuing theory as a method to analyze traffic flow at intersections controlled by traffic signals, highlighting the impact of queues on travel delays. It outlines various arrival and service patterns, including FIFO, FILO, SIRO, priority service, and processor sharing, each with specific applications in traffic management. Understanding these patterns is essential for optimizing traffic flow and minimizing congestion.

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24 views2 pages

Arrival and Service Patterns

The document discusses queuing theory as a method to analyze traffic flow at intersections controlled by traffic signals, highlighting the impact of queues on travel delays. It outlines various arrival and service patterns, including FIFO, FILO, SIRO, priority service, and processor sharing, each with specific applications in traffic management. Understanding these patterns is essential for optimizing traffic flow and minimizing congestion.

Uploaded by

autorwel164
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Naga College Foundation Inc.

M.T. Villanueva Avenue, Naga


City 4400 College of Engineering
Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering

Name: Ruel Bernard B. Autor Section: BSCE-3F Date: November 25, 2024
Subject: Highway and Railroad Engineering Schedule: MW 4:00-5:30 PM Period: Final

ASSIGNMENT 4
TRAFFIC FLOW AND ANALYSIS OF ROAD
Queuing Analysis: Arrival and Service Patterns
Queuing Theory – can be used to analyze the flow of traffic on the approach to
and through an intersection controlled by a traffic signal. This is accomplished by
analyzing the cumulative passage of vehicles as a function of time.

- Queuing theory is a broad field of study of situations that involve lines or


queues, retail stores, manufacturing plants, transportation; traffic lights, toll
booths, stop signs, etc.
- Any obstruction of traffic flow results in a queue. Traffic queues in
congested periods is a source of considerable delay and loss of performance.
Under extreme conditions queuing delay can account for 90% or more of a
motorist’s total trip travel time.

Arrival and Service Patterns – also known as queue discipline. It is a


parameter that explains how the customers arrive at a service facility. The various
types of queue disciplines are:
1. First in first out (FIFO): If the customers
are served in the order of their arrival, then
this is known as the first-come, first-served
(FCFS) service discipline. Prepaid taxi
queue at airports where a taxi is engaged on
a first-come, first-served basis is an example
of this discipline. FIFO is commonly used in
traffic management systems, especially at
intersections or roundabouts where vehicles queue up waiting for a green
light or to pass through a bottleneck. In these cases, the vehicles that arrive
first at the stop or intersection are processed in the same order. This ensures
a fair and orderly flow of traffic.
2. First in last out (FILO): Sometimes, the customers are serviced in the
reverse order of their entry so that the ones who join the last are served first.
In some traffic scenarios, such as turn lanes or vehicle stacking areas,
FILO can be used to control the order in which vehicles move. For instance,
when there is a lane to the left or right of
a main road where vehicles can queue,
the first vehicle to enter the lane might
be the last to be allowed to proceed
when the light turns green, or when the
queue begins to move. This is often seen
in complex junctions or intersections
where vehicles are waiting to turn and
must be managed to avoid blocking
through traffic.
3. Served in random order (SIRO):
Under this rule customers are selected
for service at random, irrespective of
their arrivals in the service system. In
this every customer in the queue is
equally likely to be selected. The time of
arrival of the customers is, therefore, of
no relevance in such a case.
4. Priority Service: Under this rule
customers are grouped in priority classes
based on some attributes such as service
time or urgency or according to some
identifiable characteristic, and FIFO rule
is used within each class to provide
service. Treatment of VIPs in preference
to other patients in a hospital is an
example of priority service.
5. Processor (or Time) Sharing: The
server is switched between all the queues
for a predefined slice of time (quantum
time) in a round-robin manner. Each
queue head is served for that specific
time. It doesn’t matter if the service is
complete for a customer or not. If not,
then it’ll be served in its next turn. This
is used to avoid the server time killed by
customer for the external activities (e.g.
Preparing for payment or filling half-
filled form).

https://www.ce.memphis.edu/4162/L22_QueuingTheory.pdf
https://www.webpages.uidaho.edu/niatt_labmanual/chapters/trafficflowtheory/
theoryandconcepts/QueuingTheory.htm
https://www.civil.iitb.ac.in/tvm/nptel/585_Queuing/web/web.html

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