Ashu E2 Report
Ashu E2 Report
BIOCHEMISTRY
Test Name Result Unit Bio. Ref. Interval Method
Lipid Profile
Cholesterol - Total 166 mg/dL Low (desirable): < 200 Enzymatic
Moderate (borderline)
200–239
High: >/= 240
Triglycerides 67 mg/dL Normal: < 150, GPO, Trinder without
Borderline: 150 - 199, serum blank
High:200 - 499, Very
High >=500
Cholesterol - HDL 47 mg/dL Undesirable/high risk <40 Cholesterol Esterase
Desirable/low risk>=60
Cholesterol - LDL 105 mg/dL Desirable: <100 Calculated
Above desirable: 100 -
129
Borderline high : 130 -
159
High : 160 - 189
Very high : >=190
Cholesterol- VLDL 13 mg/dl <30 Calculated
Cholesterol : HDL Cholesterol 3.5 Ratio Desirable : 3.5-4.5 Calculated
High Risk : >5
LDL : HDL Cholesterol 2.22 Ratio Desirable : 2.5-3.0 Calculated
High risk : >3.5
Non HDL Cholesterol 119 mg/dl Desirable:< 130, Calculated
Above Desirable:130 -
159,
Borderline High:160 -
189,
High:190 - 219,
Very High: >= 220
Comment:
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BIOCHEMISTRY
Test Name Result Unit Bio. Ref. Interval Method
•Lipid profile measurements in the same patient can show physiological & analytical variations. It is recommended that 3 serial
samples 1 week apart may be tested.
•Indians are at a high risk of developing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD); at a much earlier age and more severe
with high mortality. Dyslipidemia (abnormal lipid profile) is the major risk factor and found in almost 80% Indians.
•Total cholesterol is the total amount of cholesterol in blood comprising of HDL, LDL-C, and VLDL.
•LDL Cholesterol (LDL-C) or “bad”cholesterol contributes most significantly to atherosclerosis leading to heart disease or
stroke and is the primary target for reducing risk for cardiovascular disease.
•High-density lipoprotein (HDL) or “good” cholesterol can lower risk of heart disease and stroke.
•Triglyceride (TG) level also plays a major role in CVD. Indians are more prone to Atherogenic dyslipidemia, a condition
associated with high TG, low HDL-C and high LDL-C; this is associated with diabetes, metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance.
Hence high triglyceride levels also need to be treated.
•Non-HDL-Cholesterol (Non-HDLC) measures all plaque forming lipoproteins (e.g. remnants, LDL-C, VLDL, Lp(a), Apo-B).
Monitoring of Non-HDLC is important in patients with high TG (e.g. diabetics, obese persons) and those already on statin
therapy.
•Lipid Association of India (LAI-2020) recommends:-
Screening of all Indians above the age of 20 years for CVD risk factors, esp. lipid profile.
Identification of Risk factors: Age (male ≥45 years, female ≥55 years); Family h/o heart disease at younger age (<55 yrs
in males, <65 yrs in female), Smoking/tobacco use, High blood pressure, Low HDL (males <40 mg/dl and females
<50mg/dl).
Fasting lipid profile is not mandatory for screening. Both fasting and non-fasting lipid profiles are equally important for
managing Indian patients.
Non-HDLC should be calculated in every subject. LAI recommends LDL-C as the primary target and Non-HDLC as the co-
primary target for initiating drug therapy.
Lifestyle modifications are of first and foremost importance for management and prevention of dyslipidemia. Among low
risk groups, treatment is started only after 3 months of lifestyle changes.
Testing for Apolipoprotein B, hsCRP, Lp(a ) should be considered for patients in moderate risk group.
Newer treatment goals based on Risk Groups and values of LDL-C and Non-HDLC
•As per NCEP Expert Panel (2011) guidelines, universal screening for dyslipidemia is recommended for children between 9
- 11 yrs (repeat at 17-21 yrs). Screening is not recommended before the age of 2yrs. Above the age of 2 yrs, selective screening
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BIOCHEMISTRY
Test Name Result Unit Bio. Ref. Interval Method
is done in children with family history of premature CVD or risk factors like obesity, diabetes, and hypertension.
Note: Reference Interval as per National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Report.
Comment:
Raised ALT and AST indicate hepatocellular damage (e.g. viral or drugs etc). ALT is more liver-specific while AST is also
found in heart, skeletal muscle, and kidney. Mild elevation (less than twice normal) often resolves on its own. Fatty liver
disease (especially with metabolic syndrome) is a common cause in asymptomatic cases. Certain drugs (paracetamol,
statins), herbal supplements, energy drinks, and antibiotics may also affect liver function.
SGOT/SGPT Ratio: Typically <1 in healthy individuals (vary between 0.7-1.4; higher in women than men). High SGPT (ratio
<1) seen in acute or chronic hepatitis, autoimmune disorders, medications, toxins while ratio >1 indicates alcoholic
hepatitis, cirrhosis, metastasis or non-hepatic issues (hemolytic diseases, CVS disorders).
Elevated Alkaline Phosphatase and GGT: Suggest cholestatic diseases (e.g. bile duct obstruction, primary biliary
cirrhosis etc.) and can also be due to bone disease, pregnancy, chronic renal failure, malignancy, and congestive heart
failure.
High Bilirubin: Indicates jaundice due to increased RBC breakdown, liver damage (e.g., infections, toxins), or cholestasis
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BIOCHEMISTRY
Test Name Result Unit Bio. Ref. Interval Method
(e.g., gallstones, tumors).
High Protein Levels: Seen in dehydration (e.g., severe vomiting, diarrhea) or increased production (e.g., inflammation,
hematopoietic neoplasms). Low protein and albumin: Result from impaired synthesis (liver disease), decreased intake,
tissue damage, malabsorption, or increased renal excretion.
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IMMUNOLOGY
Test Name Result Unit Bio. Ref. Interval Method
Comment:
Results Interpretation :
1. Serum Estradiol (E2) results must be interpreted according to the phase of the menstrual cycle.
2. Estradiol is the most potent natural estrogen in humans and regulates reproductive function in females, and, with
progesterone, maintains pregnancy.
3. Most estradiol is secreted by the ovaries (non-pregnant women), although the testes (in men) and adrenal cortex (in men and
women) secrete small amounts.
4. In normal non-pregnant women, estradiol synthesized by the ovary is the predominant source of both estrone (E1) and
estriol (E3).
5. During pregnancy, the placenta produces most of the circulating estradiol. If conception does not take place, estradiol falls
further to its lowest levels, and menses begins shortly thereafter.
6. At menopause, estradiol levels remain low.
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Test Name Result Unit Bio. Ref. Interval Method
be clinically correlated by the interpreting clinician. Result delays may happen because of unforeseen or uncontrollable circumstances. Test report
may vary depending on the assay method used. Test results may show inter-laboratory variations. Test results are not valid for medico-legal
purposes. Please mail your queries related to test results to Customer Care mall ID care@1mg.com
Disclaimer: Results relate only to the sample received. Test results marked "BOLD" indicate abnormal results i.e. higher or lower than normal. All
lab test results are subject to clinical interpretation by a qualified medical professional. This report cannot be used for any medico-legal purposes.
Partial reproduction of the test results is not permitted. Also, TATA 1mg Labs is not responsible for any misinterpretation or misuse of the
information. The test reports alone may not be conclusive of the disease/condition, hence clinical correlation is necessary. Reports should be
vetted by a qualified doctor only.
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Ensuring accuracy IN every single report
Following a 3-step review process:
LDL
^ Stark KD, et al, progress in Lipid Research 2016 | * Compared with competing products
+ Reference from NCBI published article on comparative bioavailability | # Optimal requirement of Omega-3 as mentioned by National Institutes of Health. Dietary Supplement Label Database. 2015.