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Fixed Assignment Schemes

The document discusses fixed assignment schemes for resource sharing in communication systems, specifically focusing on Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), and Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA). Each scheme has its own method of channel allocation, with FDMA dividing bandwidth into frequency channels, TDMA using time slots, and CDMA allowing multiple users to share the same channel simultaneously through encoding. While FDMA and TDMA have lower utilization rates, CDMA offers maximum channel utilization but requires complex encoding mechanisms.

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17 views

Fixed Assignment Schemes

The document discusses fixed assignment schemes for resource sharing in communication systems, specifically focusing on Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), and Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA). Each scheme has its own method of channel allocation, with FDMA dividing bandwidth into frequency channels, TDMA using time slots, and CDMA allowing multiple users to share the same channel simultaneously through encoding. While FDMA and TDMA have lower utilization rates, CDMA offers maximum channel utilization but requires complex encoding mechanisms.

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Fixed Assignment Schemes

Strict Sharing
Fixed Assignment Schemes
❖ It is also called as circuit switched scheme.
❖ The Resource or Channel is shared by nodes based on
Time, Frequency or Code.
❖ There are three types of schemes available
➢ Frequency Division Multiple Access ( FDMA ).
➢ Time Division Multiple Access ( TDMA ).
➢ Code Division Multiple Access ( CDMA ).
Frequency Division Multiple
Access
FDMA
Frequency Division Multiple Access ( FDMA )
Available Bandwidth

Channel 6
Channel 4
Channel 2

Channel 5
Channel 3
Channel 1

Frequency
Frequency Division Multiple Access ( FDMA )
❖ In FDMA the available bandwidth is divided into many
narrow frequency band called channels.
❖ Each user need a two link
➢ Forward link ( Mobile to Base Station ).
➢ Reverse Link ( Base Station to Mobile ).
❖ Two channels are allocated to one user.
❖ These 2 channels are unable to allocate to other users
while on use.
Frequency Division Multiple Access ( FDMA )
❖ User never always uses this channel.
❖ When user on idle the channel utilization is very low.
❖ Implementation of this protocol is very easy.
❖ Big disadvantage is poor channel utilization
Time Division Multiple Access
TDMA
Time Division Multiple Access

Ch 1 Ch 2 …. Ch N Ch 1 Ch2 ... Ch N Ch 1 Ch 2 ... Ch N

Time
Frame
Time Division Multiple Access ( TDMA )
❖ TDMA allows the user to use multiple channels based
on different time slots.
❖ All sources are uses the same channel but it will wait
for time slots.
❖ The time slots are allocated in the round robin manner.
❖ Unused time slot makes the channel idle so this to
leads to poor utilization of channel.
Code Division Multiple Access
CDMA
Code Division Multiple Access ( TDMA )

Code 1

Code 2 Channel

Code 3
Code Division Multiple Access ( TDMA )
❖ In CDMA Technology multiple users can use the same
channel same time.
❖ No scheduling is needed.
❖ Message or data is encoded in the one end and
decripted in the other end.
❖ Lot of users data are encoded and multiplexed and
send in to same channel at time.
❖ Each user uses only one code.
Code Division Multiple Access ( TDMA )
❖ Maximum utilization of channel is obtained.
❖ But we need a special mechanism to generate code as
well encode and decode.
❖ Quite expensive procedure when compared to FDMA
and TDMA.

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