Worksheet 8. Base your answer to the following question on the diagram below which shows a 1-kilogram stone being dropped from a bridge 100 meters above a gorge. What will be the kinetic energy of the stone after it has fallen 50 meters? (1) 984 (2) 4901 8) 505 (4) 1005 9. A person does 100 joules of work in pulling back] the string of a bow. What will be the initial speed| of a 0.5-kilogram arrow when itis fired from the bow? (1) 20. mis (2) 50 mis, (3) 200 m/s (4) 400 mis 10. The diagram below shows three positions, 4, B, and C, in the swing of a pendulum, released from rest at point 4. [Neglect friction] _ -F Which statement is true about this swinging pendulum? (1) The potential energy at A equals the kinetic energy at C. (2) The speed of the pendulum at A equals the speed of the pendulum at B. (3) The potential energy at B equals the potential energy at C. (4) The potential energy at A equals the kinetic energy at B. 11. A baseball bat strikes a ball with an average force of 2.0 x 10' Newtons. If the bat stays in contact with the ball for a distance of 5.0.x 10° ‘meter, what kinetic energy will the ball acquire from the bat? (1) 10x10 (2) 2.0.x 10°F (3) 2.5 x 10'J (4) 4.0x 10°) The diagram below shows a moving, 5.00-Kilogram cart at the foot of a hill 10.0 meters high. For the cart to reach the top of the hill, what is the minimum kinetic energy of the cart in the position shown? [Neglect energy loss due to frietion.] G) 250.3 (4) 4915 (491s 2) 50.05 Page?Worksheet 13. A 20.-kilogram object strikes the ground with 1,960 joules of kinetic energy after falling freely from rest. How far above the ground was the object when it was released? (1) 10m 8) 98m Q) 14m (4) 200 m . A cart of mass M on a frictionless track starts from rest at the top of a hill having height h,, as shown in the diagram below. 17. Asa pendulum moves from the bottom of its swing to the top of its swing, the (1) kinetic energy of the pendulum increases (2) kinetic energy of the pendulum remains the same (3) potential energy of the pendulum decreases (4) potential energy of the pendulum increases . The diagram below which represents a swinging, pendulum, ‘What is the kinetic energy of the cart when it reaches the top of the next hill, having height h,? (1) mgh, (3) Mg(hy-hs) (2) Mgch,-h) @o At what point in its fall does the kinetic energy ofa freely falling object equal its potential energy? (1) at the start of the fall (2) halfway between the start and the end (3) at the end of the fall (4) atall points during the fall . The diagram below shows a cart at four positions| as it moves along a frictionless track. At which positions is the sum of the potential energy and kinetic energy of the cart the same? y io (1) A and B, only Q) Band C, only (3) Cand D, only (4) all positions, A through D ‘The potential energy that an ideal pendulum has at point x equals the value of its kinetic energy at point MA gc QB @D 19. A 0.10-Kilogram ball dropped vertically from a height of 1.0 meter above the floor bounees back to a height of 0.80 meter. The mechanical energy lost by the ball as it bounces is approximately (1) 0.080 (3) 0.303 (2) 0.205 (4) 0.785 @) Page3Physics 200 Energy and Work constant horizontal force of 150 N to move the wagon. If 364 J of work are done, how far does he move? aaa 2. In a soccer game, a foot exerted an average force of 140 N on the ball, and was in contact with the ball over a distance of .5 meters. Calculate the energy imparted by the foot to the ball. | 7 3. A force of 30 N accelerates a 2 kg object from rest for a distance of 3 meters along a level, frictionless surface; the then changes to 15 N and acts for an additional 2 meters. a) What is the final kinetic energy of the object? 1207 b) How fast is the object moving? Bars 4. A snowball with a mass of .14 kg has a kinetic energy of 2.5 EXP 20, How fast is the snowball moving? 51.0 a/ 5. If there is no friction, how much energy is needed to accelerate @ 1800 kg Chev from 20 km/hr to 50 km/hr? peperpeS \YOTST 6. The energy required to accelerate a train from zero to 40 m/s is 1.2 EXP 8 J, Calculate the mass of the train. is, ove sg 7. A 20 kg stone is pushed up a 30 degrees incline to the top of a building 30 meters tall. a) How much does its potential energy increase? Feeo 7 b) If the stone is push off the side of the building, what is the speed of the stone just before it hits the ground? 24,2 ,), 8. A 300 kg roller coaster starts from rest at the highest point of the track which is 30 m above the ground. The coaster goes over a couple of dips and then reaches level ground. Neglecting resistance, find the following: a) What is its initial potential energy? e ree > b) What is its initial kinetic energy? oe c) What is potential energy at a dip which is 20 m above the ground? S8e00 > a) What is the kinetic energy at a dip which is 20 m above the ground? BIH 5 e) What is the velocity of the coaster at a dip which is 20 m above the ground? eons ee g) What is potential energy at level ground which is at 0 m. h) What is the kinetic energy at level ground which is at 0m, ter > i) What is the velocity of the coaster at level ground which is at Om. Betas 10. A simple pendulum consists of a small object (bob) hanging from a relatively long cord whose mass is negligible with respect to the bob The to and fro motion of the bob as it swings is called pendulum motion. If the cord is 1 meter long and is drawn back to make an angle of 10 degrees with the vertical before being released, calculate the speed of the bob as it passes it lowest position? Yee fe aeTYPICAL NUMERIC QUESTIONS FOR PHYSICS I REGULAR QUESTIONS TAKEN FROM CUTNELL AND JOHNSON WORK AND ENERGY CONTENT STANDARD IV A 1. A conerete block is pulled 7.0 m across a frictionless surface by means of a rope. The tension in the rope is 40 N; and the net work done on the block is 247 J. 6 What angle does the rope make with the horizontal? A) 28° B) 41° C) 47° D) 62°F) 88° 2. Mike is cutting the grass using a human-powered lawn mower. He pushes the mower with a force of 45 N directed at an angle of 41° below the horizontal direction. Calculate the work that Mike does on the mower in pushing it 9.1 m across the yard. A) 510J B) 4601 C) 4103 D) 360) E) 3105 3. A 5.00-kg block of ice is sliding across a frozen pond at 2,00 m/s. A 7.60-N force is applied in the direction of motion. After the ice block slides 15.0 m, the force is removed. The work done by the applied force is A) -114J B) +114 C) -7353 D) +7353 E) 419.75 4. A force of magnitude 25 N directed at an angle of 37° above the horizontal moves a 10- kg crate along a horizontal surface at constant velocity. How much work is done by this foree in moving the crate a distance of 15 m? A) zerojoules B) 1.7) C) 40J D) 984 E) 300) of 2.6mis ina oan Page |6 © Brenda carries an 8.0-kg suitcase as she walks 25 m along a horizontal walkway to her room at a constant speed of 1.5 m/s. How much work does Brenda do in carrying her suitcase? A) zerojoules B) 403. C) 200J D) 3005 E) 2000) 8. The kinetic energy of a car is 8 x 106 as it travels along a horizontal road. How much work is required to stop the car in 10 s? A) zero joules B) 8x 104) C) 8x 105J D) 8x 108) E) 8x 107 9. How much energy is dissipated in braking a 1000-kg car to a stop from an initial speed of 20 m/s? A) 20000F B) 2000003 C) 4000003 D) 800000) E) 100005 10. The kinetic energy of an 1100-kg truck is 4.6 x 105 J. What is the speed of the truck? A) 21 m/s B) 29m/s C) 33m/s D) 17 m/s E) 25 m/s I. A 40-kg block is lifted vertically 20 meters from the surface of the earth. To one significant figure, what is the change in the gravitational potential energy of the block? A) +800J B) -800J C) +8003 D) -8000) E) zero joules 12. A 1300-kg elevator moves upward with constant speed through a vertical distance of 25, m, How much work was done by the tension in the cable? A) 9901 B) 81005 C) 1400005 D) 370000J E) 430000) 13. A 12-kg erate is pushed up an incline from point A to point B as shown in the figure. Whaat is the change in the gravitational potential energy of the crate? oe Sm A) +590) B) -590J C) +1200] D) -1200) FE) +604 Page 214. A helicopter (m = 1250 kg) is cruising at a speed of 25.0 m/s at an altitude of 185 m. What is the total mechanical energy of the helicopter? A) 3.91 x 1057 D) 6.18 x 1055 B) 2.66 x 106) B) 1.88 x 1057 ©) 2.27% 1065 Use the following to answer question 15 A.2.0-kg projectile is fired with initial velocity components v,x = 30 m/s and Ypy = 40 m/s from a point on the earth's surface, Neglect any effects due to air resistance. 15, 17, What is the uajectory? A) zero joules B) 900J C) 1600) D) 2500] E) 49005 ic energy of the projectile when it reaches the highest point in its A roller-coaster car is moving at 20 m/s along a straight horizontal track. What will its speed be after climbing the 15-m hill shown in the figure if friction is ignored? v= 20m 15m A) 17m/s_B) 7m/s C) Sm/s_D) 10m/s_ E) 14 m/s A .3.0-kg block falls from rest through a distance of 6.0 m in an evacuated tube near the surface of the earth, What is its speed after it has fallen the 6.0 m distance? A) 8.0m/s B) Il m/s C) 13m/s D) 26m/s E) 120mis A roller coaster starts from rest at the top of an 18-m hill as shown. ‘The car travels to the bottom of the hill and continues up the next hill that is 10.0 m high. 18m 100m How fast is the car moving at the top of the 10.0-m hill if friction is ignored? A) 64m/s B) 8.1 m/s C) 13m/s D) 18m/s_E) 27 mis Page 319. 20, 2 22, ‘A care package is dropped from rest from a helicopter hovering 25 m above the ground. What is the speed of the package just before it reaches the ground? Neglect air resistance A) 22m/s B) 16m/s C) 12m/s D) 8.0m/s_ E) 5.0 m/s ‘The kinetic energy of a car is 8 x 10° J ast travels along a horizontal road. How much power is required to stop the car in 10 s? A) zero watts B) 8x 101W C) 8x 105W D) 8x 106W EB) 8x 107W What power is needed to lift a 49-kg person a vertical distance of 5.0 m in 20.0 s? A) 125W B) 25W ©) 60W D) 120W E) 210W A warehouse worker uses a forklift to lift a crate of pickles on a platform to a height 2.75 mabove the floor. The combined mass of the platform and the crate is 207 kg. Ifthe power expended by the forklift is 1440 W, how long does it take to lift the erate’ A) 37.28 B) 5.815 C) 3.878 D) 186s F) 1.868 ‘The amount on energy needed to power a 0.10-kW bulb for one minute would be just sufficient to lift a 1.0-kg object through a vertical distance of A) 12m B) 75m C) 100m D) 120m E) 610m Page 4 @Lesson30.notebook emia pactege, P53 Des Ba 13) 1 al 9] 42 D2 0) 13)2 2 WI 93 le\4 nd O4 AY4 ae 18)2 192 Pes 4 6 Bt Ya 6) A HA = Dp sya Fon su 36 aD wy B DE 4)% Da Dele PR WB 8c We (2D