Chapter - 4

Carbon and Its Compounds

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

1. Pentane has the molecular formula C5H12. It has
(a) 5 covalent bonds
(b) 12 covalent bonds
(c) 16 covalent bonds
(d) 17 covalent bonds
2. Iden fy the unsaturated compounds from the following
(i) Propane (ii) Propene (iii) Propyne (iv) Chloropropane
(a) (i) and (ii)
(b) (ii) and (iv)
(c) (iii) and (iv)
(d) (ii) and (iii)
3. In which of the following compounds, — OH is the func onal group?
(a) Butanone
(b) Butanol
(c) Butanoic acid
(d) Butanal
4. The hetero atoms present in CH3-CH2-O-CH2-CH2-Cl are
(i) oxygen (ii) carbon (iii) hydrogen (iv) chlorine
(a) (i) and (ii)
(b) (ii) and (iii)
(c) (iii) and (iv)
(d) (i) and (iv)
5. Oils on trea ng with hydrogen in the presence of palladium or nickel
catalyst forms fats. This is an example of
(a) addi on reac on
(b) subs tu on reac on
(c) displacement reac on
(d) oxida on reac on
6. The carbon exist in the atmosphere in the form of
(a) Carbon monoxide only
(b) Carbon monoxide in traces and carbon dioxide
(c) carbon dioxide only
(d) coal
7. Buckminsterfullerene is an allotropic form of
(a) phosphorus
(b) sulphur
(c) carbon
(d) n
8. The func onal group present in propanal is-
(a) -OH
(b) -COOH
(c) -CO-
(d) -CHO
9. When vegetable oil is treated with hydrogen in the presence of nickel Or
(Palladium) as a catalyst, it forms vegetable ghee. This process shows
(a) Anodising reac on
(b) Subs tu on reac on
(c) Displacement reac on
(d) Addi on reac on
10. The number of structural isomers for alkane with a molecular weight 72 is
(a) 2
(b) 3
(c) 4
(d) 5
11. Which of the following is incorrectly matched?
(a) Vinegar → carboxylic acid
(b) C2H6 → alkane
(c) Ethanol → alcohol
(d) Methanol → ketone
12. While cooking, if bo om of the vessel is ge ng blackened on the outside,
it means that
(a) The food is not cooked properly
(b) The fuel is not burning properly
(c) The fuel is wet
(d) The fuel is burning completely
13. The chemical reac on shows the addi on of chlorine gas to hydrocarbon
in the presence of sunlight.
CHCl3 + Cl2 → CCl4 + HCl
How does chlorine react to a hydrocarbon compound in the presence of
sunlight?
(a) it adds hydrogen into the compound
(b) it adds an oxygen atom into the compound
(c) it subs tutes hydrogen atom from the compound
(d) it breaks double and triple bonds into a single bond
14. A carbon compound contains two atoms of carbon. Which name should
the carbon compound bear?
(a) Butane
(b) Ethane
(c) Methane
(d) Propane
15. The electronic configura on of an element is found to be 2, 4. How many
bonds can one carbon atom form in a compound?
(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) 4
(d) 6
CASE STUDY BASED QUESTIONS
1. The compounds which have the same molecular formula but differ from
each other in physical or chemical proper es are called isomers and the
phenomenon is called isomerism. When the isomerism is due to difference in
the arrangement of atoms within the molecule, without any reference to
space, the phenomenon is called structural isomerism. In other words.
Structural isomers are compounds that have the same molecular formula but
different structural formulas, i.e., they are different in the order in which
different atoms are linked. In these compounds, carbon atoms can be linked
together in the form of straight chains, branched chains or even rings.
1. Which of the following sets of compounds have the same molecular
formula?
(a) Butane and iso-butane
(b) Cyclohexane and hexene
(c) Propanal and propanone
(d) All of these
2. In order to form branching, an organic compound must have a minimum of
carbon atoms
(a) 2
(b) 3
(c) 4
(d) 5
3. Which of the following is an isomeric pair?
(a) Ethane and propane
(b) Ethane and ethene
(c) Propane and butane
(d) Butane and 2-methylpropane
4. Among the following the one having longest chain is
(a) neo-pentane
(b) iso-pentane
(c) 2-methylpentane
(d) 2,2-dimethylbutane
5. The number of isomers of pentane is
(a) 2
(b) 3
(c) 4
(d) 5
2. Nisha observed that the bo oms of cooking utensils were turning black in
colour while the flame of her stove was yellow in colour. Her daughter
suggested cleaning the air holes of the stove to get a clean, blue flame. She
also told her mother that this would prevent the fuel from ge ng wasted.
1. Iden fy the reasons behind the sooty flame arising from the stove.
2. Can you dis nguish between saturated and unsaturated compounds by
burning them? Jus fy your answer.
 3. Why do you think the colour of the flame turns blue once the air holes
of the stove are cleaned?
3. Food, clothes, medicines, books, or many of the things are all based on this
versa le element carbon. In addi on, all living structures are carbon based. The
earth’s crust has only 0.02% carbon in the form of minerals. The element
carbon occurs in different forms in nature with widely varying physical
proper es. Both diamond and graphite are formed by carbon atoms, the
difference lies in the manner in which the carbon atoms are bonded to one
another. Carbon has the unique ability to form bonds with other atoms of
carbon, giving rise to large molecules. This property is called catena on.
1. From the given alterna ves, whose chemical and physical proper es are
not same?
(a) Graphite and Diamond
(b) Phosphorous and Sulphur
(c) Carbon and Hydrogen
(d) Methyl alcohol and Ace c acid
2. Which of the following statements is not correct?
(a) Graphite is much less dense than diamond
(b) Graphite is black and so
(c) Graphite has low mel ng point
(d) Graphite feels smooth and slippery
3. Which of the following are isomers?
(a) Butane and isobutene
(b) Ethane and ethene
(c) Propane and propyne
(d) Butane and isobutane
4. Which one of the following is not an allotrope of carbon?
(a) Soot
(b) Graphite
(c) Diamond
(d) Carborundum
5. Pentane has the molecular formula C5H12. It has
(a) 5 covalent bonds
(b) 12 covalent bonds
(c) 16 covalent bonds
(d) 17 covalent bonds
ASSERTION AND REASON QUESTIONS
DIRECTION: Each of these ques ons contains an Asser on followed by Reason.
Read them carefully and answer the ques on on the basis of following op ons.
You have to select the one that best describes the two statements.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explana on of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explana on of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
1. Asser on (A): Carbon is the only element that can form large number of
compounds.
Reason (R): Carbon is tetravalent and shows the property of catena on.
Ans. A is false but R is true.
2. Asser on (A): Diamond and graphite are allotropes of carbon.
Reason (R): Some elements can have several different structural forms while in
the same physical state. These differing forms are called allotropes.
Ans. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explana on of A.
3. Asser on (A): In alkanes, alkenes and alkynes the valency of carbon is always
four.
Reason (R): All hydrocarbons except alkanes contain double bonds.
Ans. (c) A is true but R is false.
4. Asser on (A): The func onal group present in alcohols is – OH.
Reason (R): It is the same group as present in water, hence water and alcohol
have similar proper es.
Ans. (c) A is true but R is false.
5. Asser on (A): Carbon monoxide is extremely poisonous in nature.
Reason (R): Carbon monoxide is formed by complete combus on of carbon.
Ans. (c) A is true but R is false.