INDIAN RED CROSS SOCIETY HAS BEEN

AWARDED NOBEL PEACE PRIZE FOR 4 TIMES

1901 Henry Dunant was awarded

1st Nobel Peace Prize

1917 International Committee of the Red

Cross awarded Nobel Peace Prize

1944 International Committee of the Red

Cross awarded Nobel Peace Prize

1963 International Committee of the Red

Cross & League Jointly awarded
Nobel Peace Prize

1 / The Red Cross

 Chairman’s Message
The Indian Red Cross Society, Karnataka State
Branch has come a long way since its establishment in
1921. The 100 year long journey of spreading
humanitarian values was made possible by the tireless
efforts of our members and volunteers. A movement
originally created to provide aid during war times has
adapted its principles to contribute to humanity’s
development during peace times. The focus is on
promoting health through awareness programs and
community initiatives, providing relief during
natural disasters and improving overall well-being of
society.
Today, the world is changing at a rapid pace and we
are hurrying along in our lives to catch up with the fast-
paced environment. In the process, people tend to
forget their roots, values and their fellow human beings.
We have become a cog in the global machine and have
lost our identity. It is only when we pause for a moment
and take in the beauty and pain around us that we realize
our place in this world.
2 / The Red Cross
 As the future of the second most populated
country in the world, children determine the direction
of our society’s growth. Their malleable mind, when
filled with positive and ethical thoughts, builds the
responsible citizen of tomorrow. Hence, it becomes
imperative to educate them on moral and humanitarian
teachings drawing from both cultural and modern values.
The Junior Red Cross wing of Karnataka State
Branch takes on this important responsibility. It is
engaged in reaching as many school children as
possible and inculcating the principles of Red Cross. I
congratulate all the Junior Red cross members and
volunteers who actively contribute to this noble cause
and endeavour to leave no child behind.
My message to our children is “Remember the
fundamental principles of Red Cross – Humanity,
Impartiality, Neutrality, Independence, Voluntary
Service, Unity and Universality. Strive to incorporate
these principles in every aspect of your life and join us
in spreading this message to build an inclusive and
peaceful world.”
Sri Vijaykumar Patil Shavanthgera
Chairman
Indian Red Cross Society
Karnataka State Branch
3 / The Red Cross
 Vice Chairman’s Message
Our education system focuses solely on imparting
subject knowledge from textbooks to students. This
trend creates leaders and citizens who are disconnected
from their emotions and humanitarian duties.
Individuals focus on their personal development while
forgetting the suffering of others and society at large.
What they often forget is that we truly grow only when
the world grows with us. To ensure progress of
humanity as one, it is vital that children integrate this
attitude in their lives and set the future on the right
track. It is our collective responsibility to ensure they
grow up to be compassionate citizens and build
resilient communities.
Junior Red Cross unit under the Indian Red Cross
Society, Karnataka State Branch, aims to impart moral
and cultural education to school children promoting
values of life, patriotism, discipline and heritage.
While it initially targeted high schools, it has now
expanded to include PU colleges under the
recommendations of the Government of Karnataka. An
order has been issued by the GoK to register all high
4 / The Red Cross
schools and PU colleges (Government, Aided, Unaided
and Private) in the state under this programme.
The objective of the programme is to sow
humanitarian principles & patriotism in young minds
and enhance their skill sets by training them in first aid,
disaster management, personal hygiene, patience,
discipline, Patriotism and other social responsibilities.
It intends to teach children skills that will enable them
to manage their lives effectively, stay healthy, improve
psychological morale, boost confidence and turn them
into confident youth with the ability to contribute
substantially to society’s progress. The Junior Red
Cross examination conducted annually builds awareness
on the history, principles and activities of Red Cross.
I commend the efforts of everyone who played a
part in promoting our activities and keeping the spirit
of Red Cross alive. I say to the young minds reading
this book “It takes a few hours to contribute to a noble
cause but the effects of this action leaves behind a
footprint that lasts forever. What maybe a small gesture
of humanity for you, will become a life changing
moment for the beneficiaries. I urge you to play an
active part in society, contribute to its well-being, and
become the sculptors of the future.”
Sri Anand S. Jigajinni
Vice Chairman, Indian Red Cross Society
Karnataka State Branch
5 / The Red Cross
 Hon’ble Treasurer’s Message
Dear Junior Red Cross Members,
As we continue our journey together, I want to
remind you how powerful your actions can be. Each one
of you has the ability to make a difference in the lives
of others. Remember, even the smallest gesture of
kindness can create a ripple effect that inspires change.
Whether you’re volunteering, raising awareness, or
simply spreading compassion, your efforts contribute
to a brighter world.
Embrace every opportunity to learn, grow, and
serve. Let’s continue to support each other and work
together to create positive change in our communities.
Keep up the great work, and don’t hesitate to share your
ideas for future projects! Your passion and dedication
are what make the Junior Red Cross a force for good in
our communities. Keep pushing forward, supporting
one another, and striving to be the best versions of
yourselves.

6 / The Red Cross

 Together, we can overcome challenges and spread
hope. Let’s continue to work hard, dream big, and make
a positive impact!
Stay motivated and keep shining!
Sri Yathish Baikampady
Hon’ble Treasurer,
Indian Red Cross Society
Karnataka State Branch, Bengaluru

7 / The Red Cross

 CONTENTS
Chapter Subject Page No.
i The Birth of Red Cross 9
ii Life History of Jean Henry Dunant 18
iii Geneva Conventions 22
iv International Red Cross
Its Organisation 32
v Red Cross Principles 39
vi Red Cross Emblem 42
vii Disasters & Preparedness 47
viii Indian Red Cross Society 53
ix Indian Red Cross Society
(Karnataka State Branch) 59
x Junior Red Cross & Youth Red Cross 67
xi FirstAid 84
xii Self Hygiene 91
xiii School Safety 95
xiv Covid-19 Virus 100
xv Adolescents Problems 105
xvi Independent Life 112
xvii Interpersonal Relationships 114
xviii Advantage of the Internet & Gadgets 117
xix Road Safety Measures 119
xx About Cancer Awareness 122
8 / The Red Cross
 CHAPTER
I

The Birth of Red Cross

The Battle of Solferino: The story of Red Cross

is an interesting episode in human history and it began
in a place where there was an inhuman battle that was
fought on 24th June 1859. The combined armies of
France and Italy were on one side and the Austrian army
were on the other side. Napoleon III commanded the
combined armies of France and Italy and more than
three Lakh people fought the battle.

The battle at ‘Solferino’ on 24th June 1859, was

a bitter one and was fought for over 15 hours and in the
end, the whole battlefield was strewn with the dead and
wounded. In those days, the armies had very few
hospitals and doctors and this was insufficient to look
after the wounded soldiers and give them treatment.

9 / The Red Cross

 By sunset, “Jean Henry Dunant”, a Swiss
National started rendering his support & help did what
he could do to the wounded soldiers. With the help of
local villagers, he picked the wounded and brought them
in ox-carts to Castiglione and put them in private
homes, churches, monasteries and barracks.

Henry Dunant was a Swiss merchant. He had

come to meet Napoleon to obtain permission to run

10 / The Red Cross

corn mills in Algeria. He had, on his way seen the
injured in the battlefield. He heard the groans of the
wounded. He organized a band of volunteers to give
medical relief. Among the wounded, there were people
of all Nationalities.

As days passed by, people forgot about the battle

that was fought so ferociously. But to Dunant the
agonizing scene made such an impression in his mind

11 / The Red Cross

that he thought that two things were necessary to
prevent future suffering in human race.

1. An International Organization of Volunteers

formed in advance in all countries during peacetime,
which should go into action immediately on the
outbreak of war to help the wounded in the battlefield,
irrespective of Nationality.

2. To make this work possible, Nations must sign

an international treaty declaring the wounded soldiers,
the doctors and others as Neutrals.

He published a book called ‘The Memory of

Solferino’ and distributed the copies to Heads of
States, Journalists and Welfare Institutions all over the
World.

After reading this wonderful book, a charitable

institution in Geneva called Geneva Public Welfare
Society promised to help Dunant in his mission.
A committee consisting of five persons with Dunant as
its Secretary was formed to find ways and means of
achieving the objective. The members were :

12 / The Red Cross

 General G. Henry Dufour - President
 Mr. Gustave Moynier - Vice President
 Dr. Theodore Mamnoir - Member
 Dr. Louis Appia - Member
 Mr. Henry Dunant - Secretary

General Henry Dufour was a retired

Commander in Chief of Federal army of
Switzerland. Mr. Moynier was a social worker and
the others were Doctors & well known Surgeons.

The committee met on 17th February 1863 and

decided to convene an International Conference at
Geneva in October 1863 to form an organization. Later
Dunant toured the German speaking States in Europe,
Russia, Bavaria, Austria etc., where he met kings and
ministers who promised to help him.

Dunant travelled all over the World and met the

prominent persons to secure their support for
the plans. As a result of his efforts leaders of other
Nations met at an International Conference in
Geneva on 26th October 1863 to discuss the proposals.

13 / The Red Cross

General Dufour presided over it. Delegates of
16 Countries attended this conference.
It was decided at this conference to set up an
International Organizations called The Society for Aid
to Wounded Soldiers and the society later came
to be called the “Red Cross Society”.
First, it was felt that each nation should have a
voluntary organization in peacetime alone, so that when
hostilities break out this organization would gear up and
switch on to wartime activities without any loss of time.
Giving relief to the wounded soldiers in times of war
was the main objective of this organization. Secondly,
it was agreed that workers engaged in providing this
relief should be considered as neutrals since they would
not take part in the war.
It was considered that an Emblem of a Red Cross
on a white background was a suitable sign to represent
such neutrals engaged in providing relief to the wounded
in the battlefield. And this sign on a badge and on a flag
was adopted under which the Red Cross Volunteers
could work. The National flag of Switzerland has a white
cross on a red background. Since Henry Dunant also
14 / The Red Cross
belonged to Switzerland and by reversing these colours
i.e., a red cross on a white background, the conference
felt that it was indirectly paying tribute to Switzerland.
It was also felt that similar organization ought to exist
in all nations and an International Committee was
appointed to organize National Committees in
various countries. These National committees were the
Executive bodies to the National Red Cross Societies
in different countries.
The committee of five members requested the
Swiss Government to convene an International
Conference consisting of representatives from other
Nations. Accordingly, the Swiss Government convened
a diplomatic conference, which was held on 8th May
1864. After deliberations carried out for about two
weeks, the suggestion to recognize the National and
International Societies were accepted by all
participating Countries.
A draft treaty called the First Geneva Convention
was signed on 12th August 1864 by 12 nations.
According to this Convention, it was binding on the
countries engaged in war.
15 / The Red Cross
  To give medical assistance to the sick and
the wounded soldiers in times of war
irrespective of their Nationality.
 To consider that army medical personnel,
ambulance and hospital in which they work,
and the auxiliary staff attending on them as
Neutrals and to guarantee their safety.
 To recognize the Red Cross symbol on a
white background as a protective symbol.
At this conference the name of International
Committee of Five was changed to International
Committee of the Red Cross.
Today, there are more than 192 Nations who have
established National Red Cross Societies in their
countries all over the world in different names and
styles like Red Crescent, Red Lion, Sun Society etc.,
In the following years Dunant was actively
associated with the formation of the Red Cross and it was
largely due to his efforts. In the First Geneva Convention,
the below mentioned principles were accepted.
The Emblem: For the protection of the
volunteers on the battlefield the conference prescribed
16 / The Red Cross
a distinctive badge to be worn by them, a Red Cross on
a white background. It is formed by the reversion of the
colours of the Swiss flag, which is a white cross on a
red background. All the four arms of the cross are equal
to one another.
The Red Cross symbol is displayed on flags and
on all equipments used by the medical services.
Persons and articles displaying Red Cross emblems
have to be considered as neutrals and be protected
according to the Geneva Conventions.
It is interesting to note that the National Society
for Aid to Wounded Soldiers was formed within 2
months of the International conference. In 1867, the
Netherlands Society came into existence with the name
Red Cross Society. Gradually this became a practice for
other National Societies. By 1878, all the National
Societies named themselves as Red Cross Societies.
In 1880 the Geneva Committee of five, which was
still then called International Committee for Aid to
wounded soldiers officially took its present name:
International Committee of the Red Cross.

17 / The Red Cross
CHAPTER
II

LIFE HISTORY OF
JEAN HENRY DUNANT
Founder of Red Cross
(1 Nobel Prize Winner for Peace in the year 1901)
st

Jean Henry Dunant was born on May 8th 1828 in

Geneva, Switzerland. He inherited his father’s interest
in business and his mother’s deep religious convictions.
As a boy, he used to visit with his mother the houses of
poor families and give articles of food, medicines to
the aged and sick. Henry Dunant’s father Jean Jacque
Dunant was a social worker too.
In college Dunant was a brilliant student and yet he
did not complete his studies to obtain a degree. To him
work was more important than study and helping people
was always his aim. Dunant was a Fluent speaker. He and
his friends were interested in religious discussions.
They formed such religious groups in other parts of
18 / The Red Cross
Switzerland and later in other countries. In 1844, Young
Men’s Christian Association (YMCA) was started in
England and Dunant and his friends began calling
their religious groups after the name of Y.M.C.A.
Dunant was anxious to build up a career for
himself. He entered into service in a big bank in
Geneva. In 1853, he was sent to Algeria in North Africa
by the bank authorities as Cashier of a new business
which was started by them.
Even in Algeria, as a member of Y.M.C.A. Dunant
carried his mission of service. His interest in religion
now turned more towards humanitarian work,
particularly against slavery. Being a member of the
Y.M.C.A. he persuaded the Y.M.C.A. groups to take up
the cause of the slaves and later proposed the formation
of World Federation of Young Men’s Christian
Association, and he suggested an International
conference to be convened in Paris for the purpose of
forming the World Federation.
During the Franco Prussian war in 1870 and 1871
Dunant advised the French Government to create

19 / The Red Cross

neutralization of few towns, where the wounded and
sick soldiers could be sheltered.
Even in these adverse circumstances Henry Dunant
was always thinking of relief to the distressed and he
drew up a plan for the betterment of the prisoners of war,
which later on in 1929 formed the basis of the Third
Geneva Convention. He also sponsored proposals for the
protection of the sick and wounded at sea.
Around a period from 1876, he was in severe
poverty and leading a very difficult life. He disappeared
from the vision of people. He was found in the small
town of Heiden, Eastern Switzerland again serving
people in the year 1887.
In 1895, a journalist who came to Heiden to see
Dunant sought an interview and gave him wide publicity.
The greatest honor in the history of humanity came to
him in 1901, when he was awarded the “First Nobel
Prize” for peace. The International Committee of
Red Cross sent this message from Geneva, “There is
no other man, who deserves this honor more than
you. It was you who dedicated your 40 years of
life in becoming the stepping stone to start a
20 / The Red Cross
International Organization, Which aims to provide
relief to the wounded soldiers at the battlefield. In
the era of 19th century without you, the supreme
achievement of establishing a humanitarian
organization would never be possible”. Until his
death, he continued his selfless service in a charitable
hospital.On Sunday the 30th October 1910, Jean
Henry Dunant, the founder of the Red Cross, who had
saved millions through his compassion passed away
at Heiden.
Henry Dunant once wrote that his ideas could be
expressed in three simple words; “People helping
People”. These words express just what Red Cross has
been doing. By its helpful services Red Cross
has become a source of universal hope and comfort.
Red Cross has become a full time service organization
serving at both war time as well as peace time
activities.
All over the World, 8th May, the birthday of Jean
Henry Dunant, is observed as World Red Cross Day
every year.

21 / The Red Cross
CHAPTER
III

GENEVA CONVENTIONS
Until 1864 there was no permanent treaty binding
Nations. There were some temporary agreements
between two Nations to protect the defeated Army or
Nursing the wounded soldiers.

Dunant was responsible for the signing of the First

Geneva Convention incorporating the principles of the
Red Cross, which was signed by 12 Nations on 12th
August, 1864. During subsequent years, wars were still
being fought and problems that arise due to wars were
solved. These were incorporated in subsequent
conventions.

The Second Geneva Convention was signed on 6th

July 1906 and it dealt with victims involved in the Naval
Warfare. The Third Geneva Convention was signed on
12th July 1929 and it included treatment of prisoners
22 / The Red Cross
of war. Finally, the Fourth Geneva Convention was
signed on 12th August 1949. It was the civilian
population involved in war that received its attention.

THE FIRST GENEVA CONVENTION:-

This was intended to protect the sick and wounded
soldiers on the battlefield. Some of the main provisions
are as follows.
1. The sick and the wounded on the battlefield
should be found, protected and medical
treatment should be given, without any
distinction of Nationality.
2. The dead have to be searched for and
information about them has to be given to the
Red Cross.
3. Wounded soldiers and troops that surrender
should not be attacked.
4. The ambulance, medical personnel, hospital
staff should not be attacked and shall be treated
as Neutrals and their safety should be guaranteed.
5. The Red Cross symbol on a white background
has to be recognized as the protective symbol.

23 / The Red Cross

 6. The hospital and other establishments
protected by this sign cannot be used in any
other way to support the war effort by the
fighting forces.
7. The Military authorities would be in charge of
maintaining the record of sick and wounded /
dead Soldiers and inform the same to the
Opposition army through an intermediate
agency called Central Prisoners of War
Agency.
8. The army can take the assistance of the
civilian population and relief organizations in
occupied areas to find the wounded and
provide care to them. The persons nursing the
wounded should not be molested or convicted.
9. Army priests have to be protected.

THE SECOND GENEVA CONVENTION :-

In this convention, the provisions of the First
Geneva convention were extended to protect the sick
and the wounded in naval warfare. It was also made
applicable to ship wrecked persons as well.

24 / The Red Cross

THE THIRD GENEVA CONVENTION :-
This is meant for the welfare of the prisoners of war.
1. The prisoners of war should be accommodated
in a safe place. They should be provided with
good food and clothing, Medical facilities
should be given when required and they also
should be given the freedom of worship
according to their faith.
2. They should be provided with the facilities as
prescribed in the Scheduled correspondence.
3. The Prisoners of war should be treated with
respect regardless of their sex.
4. The prisoners of war have to give their details
such as Name, Address, Proof of Identity and
Particulars of regiment etc.
5. International committee of Red Cross must have
the facilities to distribute relief materials to
them.
6. Representatives of International Committee of
Red Cross must be given access to visit
prisoners of war in their camps and talk to them
25 / The Red Cross
 in private to consult them about actual living
conditions and enquire about their grievances
etc.
7. They should be protected against inhuman
treatments. They should not be used for any
experimental purpose and without conducting
proper enquiry, they should not be executed.
8. They must be subjected to medical examination
once in every 6 months.
9. The prisoners of war can be used as labourers
and considering their age, sex, and Grade
different types of work can be assigned.
10. The Prisoners of war must be paid for their work
according to their Grades.
11. The prisoners of war are permitted to elect their
own representative by secret ballot system once
in every six months. The selected candidates
will be representing the prisoners of war in
front of the military officers and the
International committee of Red Cross.

26 / The Red Cross

THE FOURTH GENEVA CONVENTION:-
This relates to the safety of civilian population
during the war. It is the responsibility of the occupying
army to protect them.
1. Creation of Safety Zones:- The hospitals and
areas are established in a organized manner to
protect wounded soldiers, aged persons,
children under 15 years of age, expectant
mothers and mothers of children under 7 years
of age, from the effects of war.

The warring parties in the besieged or encircled

area should not attack the wounded soldiers, the

27 / The Red Cross

 sick, the aged, children and maternity cases and
also they should allow priests, doctors, medical
equipment, etc.,
2. Civil Hospitals which treat the sick and wounded
people, aged and maternity cases should not be
attacked. Medical Personnel working in such
civil hospitals should have the freedom to
work.

3. Relief Articles: Medical equipments &

hospital materials & things related to religious
worship should be allowed without objection.

28 / The Red Cross

4. Child Welfare: Children under 15 years of age
who are orphans or separated from their
families, should be taken care by giving them
the required, education and other facilities.
5. Family News : People who are under
occupation should be allowed to communicate
the news of their well being to relatives living
away from them.
6. Protected Persons : A Protected person is one
who at the outbreak of war remains in the hands
of the warring party or army of occupation and
does not belong to either of warring
nationalities.
 Protected people must be permitted to
continue their religious pursuits and are
entitled to their rights and humane
treatment.
 Protected people shall have the facility to
apply to the protecting power with
International Committee of Red Cross
or the National Red Cross Society to
Protect them.

29 / The Red Cross

  Protected people should not be forced
to give any information that he may be
aware of.
 Plundering or looting of property is
prohibited.
7. Foreigners : The foreigners belonging to the
enemy living in a country at the time of out
break of war are permitted to leave the
country. They can also be interned by the
warring nations. In this case, they should
receive relief, medical attention and
hospitalization, if needed.

8. Displacement of protected people from an

occupied territory of deportation to the
territory of the occupying power is
prohibited.

9. The occupying power should ensure smooth

running of establishments for the care and
education of children.

10. The occupying power is responsible for the

maintenance of law and order.
30 / The Red Cross
 11. The occupying power should ensure adequate
supply of food and other articles to the
citizens of the occupied territory.

12. Destruction of private property is forbidden.

13. The National Red Cross Society should be

allowed to give relief articles to the people
and to carry on its humanitarian work.

14. The civilian internees cannot be forced to

work.

These Conventions are applicable during

rebellions or civil wars that occur in any country.



31 / The Red Cross

CHAPTER
IV

INTERNATIONAL RED CROSS

ITS ORGANISATION

The organization chart of International Red

Cross is a complex one. International Red Cross is the
collective name for the International Committee of
Red Cross (ICRC), National Red Cross Societies
and the International Federation of Red Cross.
These three bodies, though different in their
composition and functions are held together by the
International Red Cross Conference. The
International Red Cross Conference is the supreme
authority of the Red Cross. The International Red Cross
Conference lays down the principles of the
organization as a whole and issues instructions to the
constituent bodies to carry out the work allotted to
them.
The conference meets once in four years. It
consists of representatives of the Red Cross Societies
32 / The Red Cross
and Governments that are parties to the Geneva
Convention. To know the organization of International
Red Cross, we have to know the nature and functions of
these Five institutions.
1. International Committee of Red Cross (ICRC)
2. National Red Cross Societies
3. International Federation of Red Cross Societies
4. International Red Cross Conference
5. Standing Commission of the International Red
Cross.
1 INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE OF
THE RED CROSS (ICRC)
The International Committee of the Red Cross is
a non governmental, non political, non religious &
independent organization. It has its head quarters at
Geneva in Switzerland, a Country which has all along
been neutral.
It is composed exclusively of Swiss citizens and
consists of members not exceeding 25 members. These
25 Swiss citizens are the country’s most important
personalities. These members are not nominated by
Government nor are they elected. They are all co-opted.
33 / The Red Cross
 The Committee elects its own President. When any
member dies, his place is taken by another Swiss
citizen. The world International does not mean that the
Committee is composed of citizens of many countries.
It only means that the International committee is spread
globally.
2. NATIONAL RED CROSS SOCIETIES :
The XVII International Red Cross Conference held
in Stockholm in 1948 laid down 10 conditions which
must be fulfilled by a National Red Cross Society
before it is recognized by the International Committee
of Red Cross. Some of the important conditions are:
1. The country should be an independent country
which has access to the Geneva Convention.
2. It should be the only National Red Cross
Organization in the Country.
3. It should be recognized by the Government of
the Country, as its auxiliary relief organization.
4. It should be independent to the government,
that means it has to work independently.
5. It should extend the benefits of its services to
the people of its country without discriminating
religion, colour, political beliefs etc.,
34 / The Red Cross
 During normal times the burden of humanitarian
work is the responsibility of the National Red Cross
Society and the three main objectives are:
 Promotion of health
 Prevention of disease
 Mitigation of suffering

3. INTERNATIONAL FEDERATION OF
RED CROSS SOCIETIES :
The League is an International Federation of all the
National Red Cross, Red Crescent and Red Lion and
Sun Societies. It was established on 5th May 1919 in
Paris for the purpose of mutual co-operation and to
assist the National Societies in their varied activities,
particularly in the field of improvement of health,
prevention of disease and mitigation of suffering.
4. INTERNATIONAL RED CROSS CONFERENCE:
The supreme authority of Red Cross is the
International Red Cross Conference, which usually
meets once in 4 years. According to convention head
of the country’s National society where the conference
takes place will also be the head for the conference.
It is composed of :
35 / The Red Cross
 1. The International Committee of Red Cross.
2. The League of the Red Cross Society.
3. Representatives from all the National Red
Cross, Red Crescent, Red Lion and Sun
Societies.
4. Representatives from all the Governments that
have signed the Geneva Conventions.

5. STANDING COMMISSION OF
THE INTERNATIONAL RED CROSS:
The Standing Commission is composed of
9 members. Its functions are:
1. To make arrangements for holding the next
International Conference in collaboration with
the National Red Cross Society and to draw up
the agenda.
2. To bring harmony between the International
committee of Red Cross and the league
between the time period of two conferences

36 / The Red Cross

International Red Cross & Red Crescent
movement is made up as the following.
The International Committee of Red Cross
is an Impartial, neutral and independent
organization whose humanitarian mission is to
protect the lives and dignity of victims of war
and internal violence and to provide them with
assistance. It directs and coordinates the
International relief activities conducted by the
Movement in situations of conflict. It also
endeavours to prevent suffering by promoting
and strengthening humanitarian law and
universal humanitarian principles, Established in
1863, the ICRC is at the origin of the
International Red Cross and Red Crescent
Movement.
The International Federation of Red Cross
and Red Crescent Societies work on the basis
of the Principles of the Red Cross and Red
Crescent Movement to inspire, facilitate and
promote all humanitarian activities carried out by
its member National Societies to improve the
situation of the most vulnerable people. Founded
in 1919, the Federation directs and coordinates
international health emergencies. It acts as the
official representative of its member Societies in
the International field. It promotes cooperation
between National Societies, and works to
strengthen their capacity to carry out effective
disaster preparedness, health and social
programmes.

37 / The Red Cross

 National Red Cross and Red Crescent
Societies embody the work and principles of the
International Red Cross and Red Crescent
Movement in more than 192 countries. National
Societies act as auxiliaries to the public
authorities of their own countries in the
humanitarian field and provide a range of
services including disaster relief, health and
social programmes. During wartime, National
Societies assist the affected civilian population
and support the army medical services.

38 / The Red Cross

 CHAPTER
v

RED CROSS PRINCIPLES

During war the Red Cross endeavours to induce to

act according to the fundamental principles laid down
by the Geneva conventions held in October, 1965
at Vienna. Though the Red Cross has no powers to stop
wars it attempts to build up a society where all are
considered as brothers. If this thought has to be realized
it is the duty of every one of us to support Red Cross
and act according to the following fundamental
principles of Red Cross in times of war and peace.

Humanity : Red Cross is born of desire to bring

assistance without discrimination to the wounded on
the battle field. It endeavours, in the international
capacity, to prevent and alleviate human suffering
wherever it may be found. Its prime purpose is to protect
life, health and to ensure respect for the human beings.
39 / The Red Cross
It promotes mutual understanding, friendship,
co-operation and lasting peace amongst all people.

Impartiality :
It makes no discrimination as to nationality, race,
religious beliefs, class or political opinions.

Neutrality :
To protect the confidence that people have in
Red Cross. It may not take sides in hostilities, or
engage at any time in controversies of a political,
racial, religious or ideological nature.

Independence :
Red Cross is International and independent. The
National societies while being auxiliaries in the
humanitarian services of their own governments are
subjected to the laws of their own autonomy so that
they may be able at all times to act in accordance with
Red Cross Principles.

Voluntary Service :
The Red Cross is a voluntary relief organization. It
does not work for any profit.

40 / The Red Cross

Unity :
There can be only one Red Cross Society in any
country. It must be open to all and it must carry on its
humanitarian work throughout its country.

Universality :
The Red Cross is a world wide institution in which
all societies have equal status and they Share equal
responsibilities and duties in helping others.


41 / The Red Cross

CHAPTER
VI

RED CROSS EMBLEM

1. What is Red Cross emblem?

It is used by those people belonging to the Red
Cross Movement and Army Medical Services who are
involved in humanitarian work mainly in times of armed
conflicts and Natural Disasters. It is not the emblem of
medical professionals and its use is regulated by
International and National laws.

2. Why was the Red Cross emblem adopted in

1864 at the First Embassy Level Conference in
Geneva?
During the Embassy Level Conference in 1864, to
identify the relief medical committee and army Medical
Services, Red Cross adopted a Neutral Red Cross sign
and the same was approved by the conference. It was
adopted to facilitate access to the wounded soldiers
42 / The Red Cross
and other victims of war, so that much needed assistance
could reach them in time. Red Cross on white
background, which is formed by reversing the colors of
the Swiss Federal flag was adopted to pay tribute to
Switzerland which played a key role in establishing
National relief societies and convening the First Geneva
Conference. The Geneva Conventions of 1949, which
now forms the basis of International Humanitarian Law
(IHL), retained this emblem, besides recognizing two
more symbols; the Red Crescent and the Red Lion and
Sun on a white background.

3. What is the significance of the Red Cross

emblem?
The approved Red Cross Emblem in the Geneva
Conventions has become a universally known
and legally sanctioned neutral sign to identify people
to protect themselves in situations of armed conflict,
i.e., the armed forces medical units, the chaplains and
the relief committees. They are in the battlefield
exclusively for the amelioration of the condition of the
wounded and sick soldiers and other victims of war and
are protected from all kinds of hostile military action
43 / The Red Cross
under International Humanitarian Law. The Red Cross
emblem is expected in International Humanitarian law to
stimulate a reflex of restraint and respect from the
combatants in the battlefield. Use and repression of
misuse of Red Cross emblem is regulated by
International and National laws. When the components
of the Red Cross Movement use this emblem, it
signifies the seven fundamental Principles, which
underlie their humanitarian and relief activities in
situations of armed conflicts and Natural disasters.

4. Who are the authorized users?

 The military medical services, their personnel,
units, installations and means of transport.
 International Committee of the Red Cross
(ICRC).
 The International Federation of Red Cross and
Red Crescent Societies (The Federation).
 National Societies.
 First aid centre that offers totally free medical
assistance and are authorized by their
National society.
44 / The Red Cross
5. What constitutes misuse of the emblem?
Following acts are considered as misuse of the
emblem:
 Use of the emblem by those who are not
authorized by the laws. (1949 Geneva
Conventions, Additional Protocols of 1977
and Geneva Conventions Act 1960 of India)
 Improper use of the emblem by those who are
authorized to use it.
 Imitation of Red Cross emblem by using a
symbol similar to it.
 Perfidious use of the emblem to betray the
confidence of adversary in a military action.

6. What is the Indian national law regulating the

use of the emblem?
The Indian law regulating the use of the emblem is
called the Geneva Conventions Act. The Parliament of
India made this act in 1960. Chapter IV of this Act deals
with the abuse of the Red Cross emblem. Section 12 and
section 13 of this chapter makes unauthorized use of the
Red Cross emblem or its imitation a punishable offence.

45 / The Red Cross

7. What is the punishment for such abuse of the
emblem in India?
The Punishment is a fine of Rs. 500, besides the
provision for forfeiture of the goods or vehicles on
which the emblem has been used without
authorization.


46 / The Red Cross

 CHAPTER
VII

DISASTERS & PREPAREDNESS

Disaster means a Catastrophe, mishap, Calamity

or grave occurrence affecting any area from natural and
manmade causes or by accident or negligence, which
results in substantial loss of life or human suffering or
damage to, and destruction of property or damage to or
degradation of environment.

FACTORS LEADS TO DISASTER:-

1. Meteorological
2. Geological
3. Ecological/Environmental
4. Technological etc.

TYPES OF DISASTER :-
1. Natural
2. Man Made
47 / The Red Cross
1. Natural Disaster :-
a. Earthquake. f. Drought
b. Cyclones g. Flash flood
c. Floods h. Landslides
d. Epidemic i. Pest Attacks
e. Tsunami j. Cloudbursts

2. Man Made Disaster :-

a. Communal Riots g. Serial Bomb Blast
b. Fire Accidents h. Terrorist Attacks
c. Road Accidents i. Train Accident
d. Industrial Disasters j. Leakages of Gas
e. Chemical Disasters k. Plane Crash
f. Technological Disasters l. War

48 / The Red Cross

DISASTER MANAGEMENT :-
Collective actions taken before, during and after
disaster to predict, reduce or cope with the impact of
Disaster. Disaster management is divided into four
major parts:
1. Disaster Response
2. Rehabilitation
3. Risk reduction or Mitigation
4. Disaster Preparedness

1. Disaster Response:-
Activities that take place when a disaster strikes
to reduce loss of life, to minimize disability and to
deliver relief assistance as quickly as possible to the
affected people, which includes:-

49 / The Red Cross

 a. Search and rescue
b. Providing First Aid service
c. Emergency supply of water, food and medicines
d. Steps to prevent epidemics
e. Provisions of Temporary shelters
f. Restoring family links.

2. Rehabilitation :-
Measures taken after the disaster to return the
community to normal.

A. Social Rehabilitation
(a) Welfare centre
(b) Reconstruction of health care facilities

B. Economic Rehabilitation
(a) Incentive (food and work)
(b) Distribution of livelihood kits
(c) Financial Support
(d) Temporary Housing

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C. Psychological Rehabilitation
(a) Counseling
(b) Meet primary needs and support

3. Risk reduction or Mitigation :

It is the long term measures taken before a
disaster to lessen its effect on the communities in
disaster prone areas, which includes;
a. Strengthening of existing buildings and
infrastructures.
b. Build flood walls or elevated structures in
flood prone areas.
c. Building cyclone shelters.
d. Organizing public awareness programs.

4. Disaster Preparedness:
Preparing measures to make community resilient
to cope with the disasters and on how to respond
quickly and effectively before a disaster can take place
which includes
a. Identifying disaster prone areas in the community.
b. Develop early warning systems through emergency
communication systems.

51 / The Red Cross

c. Formation of rescue teams.
d. Community based First Aid Training.
e. To have warehouse with stocks of non perishable
relief materials.
f. Development of information flow channels.
g. Preparedness Plans.

The Indian Red Cross Society plays a very

crucial role in Disaster management which includes:

a. Deputing the volunteers to extend the

services to the needy.
b. Deputing team of Doctors and Para medicals
for immediate Health care and also to take
steps to prevent epidemics.
c. Mobilize relief materials and donations and
sending to the affected areas through
authenticated, designated personnel.


52 / The Red Cross

 CHAPTER
VIII

INDIAN RED CROSS SOCIETY

The Indian Red Cross Society is

one of the largest and oldest
International humanitarian organization
in the country. It is known for its
work in Disaster response, health
care services, Blood Center
services, Junior and Youth Red
Cross activities.

Indian Red Cross Society

was established in 1920 under the
Indian Red Cross Society Act.-
Parliament Act of XV 1920 with
its Headquarters at New Delhi.
India has 28 States, 8 Union

53 / The Red Cross

Territories and One National Capital Territory region.
The Indian Red Cross Society has more than
1100 District and Sub-District Branches.

The Indian Red Cross is a National Federation of

all its branches. Neither the Headquarters nor the
branches by themselves form the Society. They
collectively, interwoven together make up the Indian
Red Cross Society.

The President of India is the President of Indian

Red Cross Society. The main governing body is the
National Managing Body, which consists of 18
members, 12 of whom are elected by the State and
Union Territory branches through an electoral
college formed with the representatives of the branch
committees. The President of Indian Red Cross
Society nominates the remaining six members, which
includes the chairman. The Secretary General
appointed by the Managing Body is the Chief
Administrative Officer.

The Provincial Branches follow a similar

organizational pattern as that of the National

54 / The Red Cross

Headquarters, although details of their governing
structure differ slightly from branch to branch.

The Society has warehouses, cyclone shelters,

hospitals, Primary Health Centres, Blood Banks,
Training Centres to facilitate the effective
implementation of its programme.

The Society collaborates with other organizations

in the country which share similar objectives and
principles. International Federation of Red Cross and
Red Crescent Societies and partner National Societies
such as German Red Cross, American Red Cross,
British Red Cross, Canadian Red Cross etc., have
supported its programmes. The Indian Red Cross also
works closely with various government departments
such as Health, Education and Social Welfare.

Activities:
1. War Time Activities: During the Second World
War the Indian Red Cross Society played a very
prominent role by undertaking various relief
operations for the sick and the wounded soldiers and
also for the prisoners of war.
55 / The Red Cross
2. Peace Time Activities:
 a. Promoting humanitarian Principle and values
b. Disaster Management
c. Promotion of Health

 Maternity and Child welfare services

 Family Welfare services
 Hospital Services
 Care of sick and wounded defence personnel
 Blood Transfusion Services
 Awareness Programme about HIV/AIDS and
other epidemics

a. Promoting humanitarian Principles and values:

The values which shape humanitarian action based
on the fundamental principles of Red Cross/ Red
Crescent movement, which include the protection of
life, health and human dignity. Respect for others and
the acceptance of responsibility to help others without
discrimination based on Nationality, Race, Gender,
Religion, belief, class or political opinions.

56 / The Red Cross

b. Disaster Relief :
The Indian Red Cross Disaster Management
Programme incorporates Disaster response and
Disaster preparedness.
The sharp increase in the number of Natural
disasters in recent years has prompted the Indian Red
Cross to devote more attention to disaster preparedness
activities. The aim is to make communities aware of the
risks they face, increase capacity to reduce their
vulnerability and enhance their ability to cope up when
disaster strikes. Since 1996, Indian Red Cross has been
running community based disaster preparedness
programme in collaboration with German Red Cross
for its Personnel, Volunteers and Government Officials.

c. Promotion of Health :
Indian Red Cross has established hospitals at
State, District and Sub-Districts to provide health care
services to mothers and children along with blood
banks, which are playing a major role in organizing
voluntary Blood Donation Camps to meet the
requirement. With co-operation from International
Federation, Indian Red Cross has implemented Youth

57 / The Red Cross

Peer Education Programme in selected states to create
awareness about HIV/AIDS.

3. Red Cross Home :

Red Cross Home at Bengaluru was established in
the year 1942 to take care of disabled ex-service men,
equipped to accommodate 75 inmates. Red Cross
Home provides nursing care and medical treatment to
ex-servicemen. Medical Superintendent with Para-
medical staff takes care of inmates. If necessity
arises expert advice will be sought from local
Armed Forces Hospital.

4. Junior and Youth Red Cross :

Junior Red Cross in schools/ PU Colleges and
Youth Red Cross in colleges have more than 7 million
members across the country. Their activities are based
on three fold objectives of promoting health, service
and friendship and to inculcate the fundamental
principles of the movement among students by
involving them in humanitarian services.



58 / The Red Cross

 CHAPTER
IX

INDIAN RED CROSS SOCIETY

(KARNATAKA STATE BRANCH)

Karnataka State Branch was established in 1921,

Bangalore being its Headquarters.
His Excellency the Governor of Karnataka is the
President of the Indian Red Cross Society, Karnataka
State Branch.
At District level, Deputy Commissioner is the
President of the District Red Cross Branch and at the
Taluk level the Tahsildar is the President of Red Cross.

ACTIVITIES :
1. Blood Transfusion Services : Karnataka Red Cross
Blood Bank was established in 1991. Blood is
collected through voluntary Blood donation camps
organized by Educational Institutions, Factories and
Corporate Offices. Apart from this, individuals donate
59 / The Red Cross
the blood directly at the Blood Bank. The Blood that is
collected after mandatory test as per specification will
be dispensed after cross matching with blood sample

60 / The Red Cross

received from the Hospitals. The blood collected
has to be utilized within 35 days from the date of
collection.
Blood is provided free of cost. Only the
Processing fee will be collected as per the guidelines
of Drug Controller.
Any healthy person between 18 to 60 years of age
with a weight of 45 Kgs can donate blood. The actual
blood donation takes about 4 to 6 minutes. Sterile
disposable needles are used for each donor.
The blood donated will be completely replenished
within 72 hours. Male donors can donate blood every 3
months. Whereas female donor can donate blood once
in 4 months.

61 / The Red Cross

 One Unit of Blood i.e. 350 ml can save 03 lives
subject to component separation i.e., platelet, plasma
and Red blood cells.
Karnataka Red Cross Blood Bank provides
services 24 /7 along with 365 days.
2. Maternity and Child Health Service:
Urban Family Welfare Centre Karnataka State
Branch of Indian Red Cross was established in 1969 and
is functioning at Sirsi Circle Maternity Home,
Chamarajpet, Bengaluru. It takes care of health of
mother and child and Creates community awareness.
3. Community Eye Care :
Karnataka Red Cross Optical Unit was
established in 1987 in the premises of Minto Eye
Hospital. It provides spectacles at subsidized rates.
4. Disaster Management :
Whenever there is Disaster anywhere in India,
Indian Red Cross Society, Karnataka State Branch
mobilizes relief materials and donations to the victims
of disaster. Teams of doctors and volunteers are
deputed to extend their services to the needy.

62 / The Red Cross

 During Earthquake in Bhuj in the State of Gujarat
in 2001, Karnataka Branch sent Rs. One Crore worth of
relief materials and donations. For this extraordinary
work, Karnataka State Branch has been awarded 06

63 / The Red Cross

Red Cross Gold Medals from National Head Quarters,
New Delhi.
During Tsunami in 2004: Karnataka State Branch
sent relief material worth Rs. 60 lakhs to Tamilnadu,
Andhra Pradesh and Andaman and Nicobar for the
victims of Tsunami. Karnataka State Branch of Red
Cross has donated Rs. 15 lakhs to the victims of
Tsunami
During the Earthquake in Jammu Kashmir, in the
year 2005 Karnataka State Branch of Red Cross
mobilized donation of Rs. one Lakh and the same was
donated to Jammu & Kashmir State Branch of Red
Cross. Apart from this, 190 tents were sent for the victims
of earthquake.
In the year 2018, Kodagu landslides caused heavy
damage. Relief Materials were sent to affected areas of
Kodagu.
In the Year 2019 Floods in Bagalkot, Belagavi,
Raichur, Vijayapura, Mangalore, Udupi, Shivamogga,
Chickamagaluru, Haveri, Uttara Kannada, Yadagiri and
Kodagu created havoc. Relief Materials worth Rs. 4.5

64 / The Red Cross

core were distributed in the affected districts, These
Materials were distributed through District Red Cross
Branches. This is a milestone in the history of Indian
Red Cross Society, Karnataka State Branch. All the
office bearers of the flood affected district and
volunteers worked 24/7 to provide assistance &
minimize the suffering of the affected people.
In the Year 2020, due to Covid-19, the entire
Nation was locked down. People who were daily wage
workers, elderly people, slum dwellers suffered a lot.
Indian Red Cross Society Karnataka State Branch
minimized their suffering by supplying them with
Sanitizers, Facemasks, Grocery Kits, required
medicines and other essentials all over Karnataka. Our
Volunteers also taught the community about hand
washing techniques, Social Distancing & Hygiene
promotion activities. In the month of October 2020,
floods happened to strike most of the districts,
Karnataka state Branch donated the relief materials to
the affected and needy people.

65 / The Red Cross

5. Appliances to the Physically challenged :
Tricycles, wheelchairs, Hearing aids and Canes
are provided to the physically challenged and
economically backward families.

6. Health Checkup & Eye Screening Camps :

Karnataka State Branch of Red Cross in
collaboration with Non Governmental Organizations
organizes health checkup and Eye screening camps for
the benefit of economically weaker sections specially
in Rural areas.


66 / The Red Cross

 CHAPTER
X

JUNIOR RED CROSS

AND YOUTH RED CROSS
JUNIOR RED CROSS
The Junior Red Cross is the students wing of
the Red Cross. It is a group movement organized
within schools and PU Colleges. Students who take part
in junior Red Cross activities are known as “Juniors”.
The teacher who guides the students in Junior Red
Cross activities is called “Counselor”.

GROWTH IN INDIA :
Junior Red Cross wing was first started in Punjab
in the year 1926 followed by other States. JRC is
becoming more and more popular and is being
encouraged by educational authorities. The movement
is extended to the degree college students under the
name of Youth Red Cross.

67 / The Red Cross

JUNIOR RED CROSS MOTTO
PRINCIPLES AND PLEDGE
Motto : I SERVE
Principles : HEALTH, SERVICE, FRIENDSHIP
Junior Red Cross is based on three fold programs :
a) Protection of health and life (Health)
b) Service to others (Service)
c) National integration & International
understanding (Friendship)
These activities help young people to develop their
mental and moral capabilities which makes them better
Citizens.
JUNIOR RED CROSS PLEDGE:
Junior Red Cross pledge is an important aspect in
Red Cross. Juniors and counselors should pronounce
the pledge in JRC Classes, functions and camps.
JUNIOR’S PLEDGE:
“I pledge myself to care for my own health and that
of others, to help the sick and suffering specially
children and to look upon other children all over the
world as my friends”.

68 / The Red Cross

COUNSELORS PLEDGE :
“I pledge to counsel the Juniors in achieving the
aims of Junior Red Cross, namely, promotion of health,
selfless service, National & International friendship by
setting the example by himself / herself.”
MEMBERSHIP FEE :
Institution: All the High Schools to be registered
as members of Junior Red Cross by sending Rs:-100/-
every year, and also collect Rs.10 from each student of
High Schools every year Out of Rs.10 collected, Rs.4
should be sent to The Indian Red Cross Society,
Karnataka State Branch, Bengaluru and Rs.6 to be
retained with schools for conducting Red Cross
Activities.
All the Pre University Colleges to be registered as
members of Junior Red Cross by sending Rs. 100/-
every year to Red Cross State Branch and collect
Rs.25/- from each student of Pre University Colleges
every year. Out of Rs. 25/- collected, Rs.10/- should be
sent to The Indian Red Cross Society, Karnataka State
Branch, Bengaluru Via Cheque, DD, NEFT, JRC
Software: redcrosskarnataka.org and Rs. 15 has to be

69 / The Red Cross

retained with Pre University Colleges for conducting
Red Cross Activities.
The Registration Fee and Student Membership
Fee should be sent Favouring “The General Secretary,
Indian Red Cross Society”, 26, Red Cross Bhavan,
Race Course Road, Bengaluru 560 001, through Junior
Red Cross Software / Web Application (https://
redcrosskarnataka.org).
STRUCTURE OF JUNIOR RED CROSS UNIT
Indian Red Cross Society, Karnataka State Branch
↓
State Junior Red Cross Sub committee
↓
District Junior Red Cross Sub committee
↓
Taluk Junior Red Cross Sub committee
COUNSELORS TRAINING COURSE :
The teacher who is in charge of Junior Red Cross
Wing in a School & Pre Univeristy College is called
JRC Counsel & Effective training of Counselors is the
responsibility of State Junior Red Cross committee
in collaboration with the District Committees.
Syllabus for the course covers the history of Red
Cross and Junior Red Cross, topics on health, service
70 / The Red Cross
and friendship, functioning of JRC Student committee
formed in Schools and Pre University Colleges.
Practical classes on craft, drawing etc., can be conducted.
On completion of the course, a test is conducted
and successful counselors are given certificates.

HOW TO ESTABLISH AND CONDUCT JRC IN SCHOOLS AND

PRE UNIVERSITY COLLEGES?
A students meeting is convened by the Head of
the School and Pre University Colleges to brief them
about Red Cross. Students, who volunteer, are enrolled
as JRC members. According to the strength of
membership, more than one group can be formed.
A willing teacher / Leacturer of the school and
Pre University College is nominated by the Principal
of the school as JRC Counselor to look after the
activities of JRC Wing.
ELECTION OF OFFICE BEARERS :
STUDENT COMMITTEE
The following office bearers will be elected by the
JRC Members Via Vote:
a) President b) Vice-President
c) Secretary d) Treasurer
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SUB COMMITTEES :
Various sub committees are formed to undertake
activities based on the objectives of JRC like health,
service, friendship, road safety, First aid etc.
INAUGURAL FUNCTION :
Formal Inauguration of the wing has to be
conducted as a mark of formation of JRC Wing.
FUNCTIONING OF JRC IN SCHOOLS/ PU COLLEGES :
Junior Red Cross activities are formulated
based on its principles of Health, Service and
Friendship. The programs are chalked out in such a way
so as to suit the occasions, locations and social
requirements. Some of the activities that can be
organized are indicated here below:

72 / The Red Cross

1. PROMOTION OF HEALTH :
a. Practice of health habits
b. Cleanliness of school premises
c. Health awareness campaign in local Communities
d. First aid training
e. Blood grouping camps for JRC members
f. Hand Washing techniques
2. SERVICE TO OTHERS:
a. Providing Books, Medicines, Food, Clothing
etc. to Poor School Children
b. Voluntary service during relief Operations
Connected with Disasters
c. Providing first aid to the Wounded/Sick
d. Visit to Hospitals, Orphanage, Home for the
Aged
e. Adoption of nearby slum for Literacy Campaign
f. Awareness of Traffic Rules and Road Safety
FRIENDSHIP:
a. Participation in State/National level Junior Red
Cross Camps, Competitions, Exhibitions etc
b. Sending Greetings
c. Exchange of Albums
d. Organizing Inter Religious Harmony rallies.
73 / The Red Cross
JRC UNIFORM :
Jean Henry Dunant was helping the war victims in
the Battle of Solferino. He was wearing a white dress
and so he was called by the victims of war as “The
Gentleman in White”. This lead to suggest white
colored dress as uniform for Junior Red Cross Boys/
Girls and Male/Female Counselors. The same uniform
code is applicable to Youth Red Cross boys and girls
and program officers.

JRC Boy/ JRC Counselor JRC Girl / JRC Counselor

White half slack shirt White Blouse
White half short/ full pant White skirt/saree& white ribbon
Scarf & Woggle and badge Scarf & Woggle and badge
White shoes & white socks White shoes & white socks

74 / The Red Cross

JRC EXAMINATION :
Indian Red Cross society, Karnataka State branch
is conducting Red Cross Examination for juniors (8th,
9th, 10th and I & II PUC Students) every Year.
It's a certification programme to encourage juniors to
participate in Red cross activities

RED CROSS SONGS:

PRAYER SONG:
Dhartikaro, nirmalkaro, peedaprabhu hey]
Jeevankarovujvalnavajyothikaro hey]
Dhukijanonkiseva ham kare-2
Pathalithonkogale lagaley-2
hanthipathashanthikarya, shanthivrada hey]

75 / The Red Cross

Jeevankarovujvalnavajyothikaro hey]
navajyothikaro hey navajyothikaro hey]

FLAG DE-HOISTING SONG

God be with us till we meet again,
Till we meet, till we meet, till we meet at Red Cross Feet

RECORDS TO BE MAINTAINED:
• Application forms and Admission Register
• Attendance Register
• Circular File
• Minutes of the meetings (Book)
• Receipt book & cash book
• Work done register
• Stock register
• Album (Photographs)
• Files for communication
• First Aid box
• Health cards of Juniors
• Information Board
• Flag Mast Pole, Ropes, Festoons etc.
• Uniform materials

76 / The Red Cross

 • Visitors book
• JRC name board at the gate of the School

YOUTH RED CROSS POLICY & PROGRAM GUIDELINES

POLICY: The Youth Red Cross is a most important Wings/
Section constituent of its mother organization Indian
Red Cross Society. YRC aims at inculcating the seven
Fundamental Principles of Impartiality, Neutrality,
Independence, Voluntary Service, Unity and
Universality. Youth Red Cross is organized with a view
to develop and deploy student youth resources for
working towards these principles.
It also aims at inculcating in youth the ideals and
practices of service specially in relation to:
1. Taking care of their own health and that of others.
2. Understanding and accepting civic responsibility.
3. Promotion of national and international

77 / The Red Cross

 understanding and goodwill by using their
international link of the movement.
4. Promotion of volunteerism.
YOUTH RED CROSS MEMBERSHIP:-
The Government of Karnataka, Order (Ed/64/
Vividha/ 2011, Dated: 22/12/2011&ED / 38 / Vividha/
2016, Dated: 17/06/2016), directed, Govt/ Aided/
Non-aided, First Grade Colleges, Engineering, Health,
Science, Agricultural, Horticultural, Veterinary
Science, Forestry, Fisheries, Teacher Education, Law
Colleges, Polytechnics and any recognized degree
colleges coming under the administrative/ academic
control of State Higher Education department to
establish a Youth Red Cross unit. They must register
with the Indian Red Cross Society, Karnataka State
Branch, Bengaluru by paying Rs. 1,500 (Rupees One
Thousand Five Hundred Only) (One Time Payment) and
during admission, collect students membership fees of
Rs. 50 from each student.
Out of the Collected Fees, 70% shall be retained
by the colleges to fund Youth Red Cross activities,
while the remaining 30% is to be remitted to the Indian
Red Cross Society, Karnataka State Branch. All students

78 / The Red Cross

who have paid the prescribe fees shall be considered as
members of the Youth Red Cross in their respective
colleges.

All students admitted to Degree, Post Graduate

and Diploma Courses by virtue of their joining their
respective Polytechnics colleges as per university
rules and paying the prescribed Youth Red Cross fee
shall become the members of the Youth Red Cross
of that college / Polytechnic.
CORE GROUP VOLUNTEERS:
Any member of YRC who can volunteer his /
her time and talent for the cause of Youth Red
Cross can become a core group volunteer upon
submitting an application to and on selection by the
Youth Red Cross Programme Officer.

79 / The Red Cross

CERTIFICATE : Core group volunteers on completion
of two years of volunteer ship and assigned tasks
and targets shall be issued with certificate by the
University.
PROGRAMME GUIDELINES
1. VOLUNTEER ORIENTATION:
Once the Core Group Volunteers are selected and the
YRC unit is formed the volunteers need to be oriented to
make them understand their role and responsibilities. They
should be empowered with the knowledge, attitude, skills
and other competencies needed to perform as a member
of the team. This may require two days and may be
organised during the weekends.
2. TRAINING ON FIRST AID
It is Obligatory to all the core group volunters to
undergo the prescribed training in First Aid
The Youth Red Cross Unit may organize this training
course to the interested Students of the College.
The Indian Red Cross Society is an authorized
Certified training Institution. To Organize First Aid
traing in colleges, you may contact the following phone
number Ph.: 22264205.

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3. TRAINING ON DISASTERPREPAREDNESS AND MANAGEMENT
It is desirable to organise this program for core
group of volunteers and other Members of YRC on the
core issues such as forecasting, vulnerability,
retrofitting, communication, logistics, rescue, relief,
rehabilitation, emergency health care etc., (Online
Disaster Relief Training can also be given at each
college level wherever Possible.
4. TRAINING ON MINIMUM COMPETENCIES
A set of skills and competencies have been
universally identified as the ‘minimum requirement’ to
perform jobs civic responsibilities, and in handling
situations in one’s own life. It is essential, that every
student should try to acquire these competencies.
Researchers have identified five general
knowledge areas of primary importance.
1. Consumer economics 2. Employment knowledge
3. Community resources 4. Health
5. Law and Governance
There are five skills areas
1. Communication Skills 2. Computation Skills
3. Problem solving skills 4. Inter-personal relation skills
5. Survival / life saving skills
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 There are also other associated areas of
knowledge and skills that one should learn in order to
become a functionally efficient, economically
productive and socially useful member of the society.

5. MOTIVATION OF BLOOD DONORS

A minimum of two blood donation camps in a year
should be organised by motivating donors from the
members of YRC, NCC, NSS Rovers & Rangers,
Sports, Red Ribbon Clubs etc. At least 33% of core
group members should donate blood during the 2 years
period of their volunteer ship under YRC. (as far as
possible blood donation camp must be conducted along
with IRCS blood bank / government hospital blood
banks only).

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6. OBSERVATION OF IMPORTANT DAYS
Observation of the following days by way of
organized meetings and displays are the minimum
mandatory activities of the Youth Red Cross.
January 12 National Youth Day
April 07 World Health Day
May 08 World Red Cross Day
June 05 World Environment Day
August 12 Geneva Convention Day
October 01 Voluntary Blood Donor’s Day
October 30 Death anniversary of
Jean Henry Dunant
December 01 World Aids Day
December 05 International Volunteers Day

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 CHAPTER
XI

FIRST AID
First Aid is a basic medical care given in good
faith to a victim of accident, sick or injured person
to preserve life until professional medical help
becomes available.
The founder of First Aid is Dr.Johnnes Friedrich
August Von Esmarch of Germany.

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Who is called First Aider?
Any person who has undergone First Aid Training
and obtained lay lecturer certificate is qualified to
train people and render First Aid to the sick and
wounded person.

Main objectives of First Aid

1. Preserve Life
2. Prevent Worsening
3. Promote Recovery
4. Providing safe transportation to the sick and
wounded.
The history of First Aid goes back to the year 1099.
In 1792, a French Army Surgeon formed the First
official army medical corps. During the 1860’s, the
First Geneva Convention and International Red Cross
came into existence to deal with sick and injured
soldiers on the battlefield. In 1877 St. John Ambulance
was introduced. Meanwhile St. Andrews Ambulance
association was started in Scotland in 1882.
In Karnataka, First Aid training was started in the
year 2011 and we have trained more than 40000
candidates till now. Karnataka State Branch has given
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First Aid training to High School Students, College
students, Drivers, Industrial workers and General
Public. Upon successful completion of the assessment
test, certificates are issued to the qualified candidates.
Basic First Aid in different scenarios
Bleeding:- Apply pressure on a bleeding wound
to stop the flow of blood and keep on pressing the
bleeding area for at least 10 minutes.
Drowning:- Stay on dry land, hold out a stick or
branch or rope for him/her to grab and then pull him/
her out of water. Once the casualty is out of water,
shield him/her from the wind by covering him/her with
a warm clothes and blankets.

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 Bites:- Reassure the victim The wound should be
covered with a sterilized dressing and take him/her to
the hospital, immediately.
Burns:- Burns should be cooled with cold Water
as soon as possible for minimum of 10 minutes.
Wound should be dressed with a sterile dressing.
Serious wounds will be treated by doctor and for minor
burns honey or aloe vera may be applied.
Basic First Aid Rules
 Clear the crowd. Do not allow the people to crowd
around the victim.
 Inspect the Area. Fallen Electric Wires, Moving
Machinery etc should be cleared.

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 Note the weather i.e. without rain or heat or cold
breeze. Transport the victim to a Safer Place,
Reassure the victim with soothing words.
 Call for an Ambulance.
 First Aid Kit is a must in Schools / Colleges.

FIRST AID KIT IN SCHOOL

All schools / Colleges should be equipped with the
First Aid Kit containing:
1. Traingular Bandage 9. Kidney Tray
2. Gauze Pad 10. Ice Bag
3. Lotion Chlorhexidine 11. Cotton
(Savlon)
4. Lotion Povidone-Iodine 12. Eye pad
(Betadine)
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 5. Scissors 13. Tape Adhesive
6. Framycetin Sulphate 14. Band Aid
(Sofremycin)
7. Splints 15. Hot water bottle
8. Tourniquet 16. O.R.S. Powder

CARDIO PULMONARY RESUSCITATION (CPR)

The heart may suddenly become dysfunctional.
This is known as heart attack. Blood clots in the blood
vessels that supply blood to the heart obstruct the flow
of blood. Blood clots are the cause for heart failure.
CPR should be initiated immediately.
The order of the CPR is as follows.
C-Chest Compressions
A- Air Way

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B- Breathing
Following the above steps can save a person
from a heart attack.
First Aid Mobile Application:
Government of India and Indian Red cross
society, National Head quarters devloped an app
called First Aid to give more information about first
aid to School teachers and children. They can
download First Aid application from their smart
phone at Google Play Store.

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CHAPTER
XII

SELF HYGINE
THE HUMAN BODY:

HEALTHY FOOD:
Nitrogens : Meat, Fish, Cheese, Grains, Milk,
Curd, Eggs and Dry Fruits
Fat : Cheese, Eggs
Sugar and Fats : Grains, Potato and Sugar
Vitamins : Milk,Eggs,
Grains,
Vegetables
and Fruits
Irons : Vegetables,
Fruits and
Grains
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DAILY ROUTINE

Getup Early Morning Toilet and Teeth Walk and Excercise

6.00 AM Cleaning 6.10 am to Morning at 6.30 to
6.30 am 7.00 am

Bath 7.00 AM to Break Fast 7:30 AM School 8.00 AM

7:30 AM to 8.00 AM to 1:30 PM

Afternoon lunch 1:30 Washing face, Television School Home Work

PM to 2.00 PM and Rest 2.00 PM 3.00 PM to 4:30 PM
to 3:00 PM

Evening Snacks Field Game 5.00 PM Hobbies Time 7.00 PM

4:30 PM to 5:00 PM to 7.00 PM to 8:30 PM

Dinner 8:30 PM Teeth Cleaning and Bath Bed Time 10 PM

to 9:30 PM 9:30 PM to 10:00 PM

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SELF HYGINE: DO’S
• Hand Washing
- Before Food and After Food
- After Toilet Use
- After Coughing, Sneezing etc
- After Playing with Pet Animals
- After Playing
• Brush your teeth 2 times daily
• Bath atleast 2 times a day.
• Comb your hairs regularly
• Change your undergarments daily.
• Trim your nails regularly
• Cover your face while sneezing and coughing
• Always wear clean clothes
• Used clothes and papers should be put in seperate
bins.

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 If personal hygiene is
not taken care, you may
face the following
Palms to Palms Between the fingers
problems
• Smell in the body
• Bad breath
• Teeth problems
Behind the hands Below the thumbs • Airborne diseases
• Food related
diseases
• Water related
diseases
Behind the fingers Finger nails
• Skin and hair
related diseases
• Urinary tract
related problems
• Eye and Ear related
Forearm Wash and dry
your hands diseases
• Social prohibition
• Depression


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CHAPTER
XIII

SCHOOL SAFETY
School are the
country’s future temples,
Children who are the
future of the country study
here. These places should
be built under safe environment and building should be
constructed in such a way that it will be resilient to
Disasters.
Building plan of schools should be included in the
plan of action, Building plan should contain factors
such as sensitivity of the building, electric lines,
drainage holes etc.
List of dangers are mentioned below:-
1. Interruption of power supply/power cut (alternate
supply of electricity such as UPS)

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2. Stairs collapsing, Unequal floors, damage of wall
and ceiling plasters.
3. Halls filled with smoke due to burning of plastic,
paper etc.,
4. Doors & Windows getting stuck and not opening.
5. Rusting of iron rods and collapsing of moulds.

ROLES AND RESPONSIBLITIES

Before Disasters
1. School entry and exit checkout
2. Finding empty place to assemble everyone during
disaster
3. Finding a safer place
4. Deciding the requirement of easily available needy
things
5. Patient and physically challenged person should be
taken special care.
6. Practice exiting the building with other
authenticated committees.
During Disasters
1. In case of building collapse/earthquake, DROP to
the ground; take COVER by getting under a sturdy
table or other piece of furniture; and HOLD ON
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 until the shaking stops. If there isn’t a table or desk
near you, cover your face and head with your arms
and crouch in a safe place.
2. Conducting demo sessions for building collapse/
earthquake preparedness.
After Disasters
 Confirming the place is safe to stay
 Fulfilling the responsibilities of emptying the
building
 Reporting to principal about the disaster.
Required training
Finding, guarding, saving and protection techniques
training involving local police, fire department and
other related departments.
School Disaster Management plan steps
 Conducting awareness to make school premises
more resilient.
 Forming school Disaster Management committee.
 Detecting dangers and Deciding protection
 Formation of School Disaster Management
Authority plan (SDMAP)

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 Convening of mock session in regular form and
informing school management authority.
 Timely Evaluating plan of action.
The following members should be made aware of
sensitivity
 Principal/Head Master
 Associate Principal/Head Master
 Executive Management Group
 All teachers and student leaders
School Disaster Management Authority and
coordination committee members
 Chairman- School Principal/Head Master
 Vice Chairman – Primary and Higher primary
school principals
 Development department education officer
 Teacher-Parent union leader
 1-2 parents (at least one female member should be
there)
 Other local Government officers group.

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Danger detection and protection preparation
Earthquakes, landslides, floods, drought, fire etc
should be kept in mind while constructing a building and
protection, As Well qualified engineer, contractor and
Disaster Management expert and Deputy Officers
should be contacted to construct a school.
Conclusion
Future dangers should be kept in mind while
constructing a building, analyzing the disasters that
happened 20 to 25 years before. Based on that building
plan for the school finalise nearby places of schools
should be evaluated for the dangers and the plan may be
finalized.


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 CHAPTER
XIV

COVID-19 VIRUS
MEANING, FEATURES AND SPREADING METHODS

What is Corona or Covid-19

• Covid-19 is caused by SARS-COV-2.
• People who are normal will recover from Covid-
19 virus within 14 days by suffering mild
respiratory problems, But people who are
suffering from heart problems, Diabetes,
Prolonged respiratory problems, cancer etc and
people who are aged will suffer severely from
Covid-19 virus.
• Cold, Cough and Fever are symptoms of Covid-19.
• If there are no symptoms of Cold, Cough and Fever
then there is no need for Covid-19 test.
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What happens post Covid-19
• 80% of the people or most of the people will
recover without taking any treatment.
• 20% of the people who had past medical
conditions will be admitted to hospitals and people
with severe past medical conditions will be kept in
Intensive Care Unit.

Covid-19 General Features

• Cold, Cough, Sore Throat, Fever and Breathing problems.
• General Cold, flu etc., symptoms will be similar to
Covid-19.

How Covid-19 spreads

• If a person suffering from Covid-19 sneezes or
coughs, then innumerable droplets will spread in
the air, floor and nearby things.
• If a person stays nearby and inhales the droplets or if the
person touches his eyes, nose or ears during this
situation, then the person will get infected by Covid-19.
• If the infected person is in the radius of 1M to the
another person, then there are chances that he may
get infected by Covid-19.

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Information about Facemasks
Covid -19 spreads rapidly by contact with the
infected person. Droplets which carry viruses will dry
and they get converted into spores. These spores float
and then fall on the floor and other places.
It is found that virus stays in the air in solid form or
in liquid from for 3 hours or it stays on the plastic or
stainless steel materials for at least 03 days.

When should we wear Facemask?

• People who suffer from Cough/Fever should wear
3 layer medical facemask. It avoids the spread of
Covid-19 and washing hands also prevents disease
• While visiting Covid-19 hospitals
• People who are treating Covid-19 patients
• Covid-19 patients family members and house
quarantine family members should wear medical mask

Who are most likely to get affected by the virus

• Everyone can get affected by this virus.
• If the Covid-19 patients are at home, if proper care
is not taken then children at home can get infected
by the virus.
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• In children Covid-19 disease is short lived.
• People who are aged and people who are suffering
from high Blood Pressure, heart related diseases,
cancer, diabetes and other diseases will be severely
affected by this virus.

How to wash Hands

• There is a standard procedure to wash one’s hands,
After washing hands, it should be dried off.
• Wash hands more frequently.
• Hands should be washed for 20-60 Seconds
• Use Hand sanitizers as per the requirement
• For hand washing, soaps and hand washers can be
used.

Role of Hand Sanitizers

• People who are treating Covid-19 patients should
use hand sanitizers more frequently.
• The best choice is to wash hands with soaps or
liquid hand wash with water.
• If the hands are dirty or mud covered, then alcohol
based liquids should not be used instead hands
should be washed with water and soap.
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Food consumption during Covid-19
There is no particular Diet plan for Covid-19
patients. They can follow their daily diet plan, they
can add vegetables and fruits in their diet, to make
the food more Nutritious.

Covid-19 vaccination
Covishield and covaxin are India’s indigenous
covid-19 vaccine. These vaccines may prevent you from
getting covid-19 disease.
In the ongoing clinical trials, the vaccines have
been shown to prevent covid-19 disease following 2
doses given between 4 and 12 weeks apart. The duration
of the protection against covid-19 disease is currently
unknown.


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CHAPTER
XV

ADOLESCENTS PROBLEMS

Drugs
Dissuading young generation from adiction like
consumption of drugs, alcohol, smoking etc.., is a himalayan
challenge for people, government and public Volunteers like
Red Cross society and other social organisations, alike.
There are many ways to dissuade people from bad
habits, and we should do it for the betterment of our society
and future generations.
We have to create a very high level of awareness about
the perennial problems related with consuming drugs, alcohol
and other habit forming vices to the people on a war footing
These problems are not solved easily. We should first
connect with these people and should observe them closely,
their behaviour and reasons for their addiction.
We as volunteers can show them the practical drawbacks
through videos and how it affects people and their painful
situations, their family’s emotional conditions and situations.
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 We can inculcate activities to treat addicted people as it
may help addicts to forget their bad habits. Some severely
addicted people need to be counselled to change their habits
allowing them to mingle with normal people so that they can
realize their issues.
Government should organize various programs and
should encourage organisations to conduct rehabilitation
programs. They should definitely take some serious action
about these issues and against people who are encouraging
these type of harmful habits to the society. Government should
conduct campaigns on social media, television, documentaries
etc.
The younger generation should think long and hard
before getting addicted to bad habits because these habits
affect their family, relatives and friends. Life is much more
valuable than they think, and for a better healthier society,
good behavioural environment, all responsible people
should contribute. We the people should join hands and
thoughts for a better and healthier society.
People tend to develop addictions or vices easily.
Addiction here means the desire to get more and more. The
habit of consuming substances make you vulnerable. All the
physical and mental actions of a person become accustomed
to substance abuse. Today our society is a victim to many such
addictions.

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Effects of Consuming Drugs
One has to suffer a lot of side effects from these drugs.
Drug addiction has a long-lasting and profound effect on a
person's brain and body.

Measures to avoid drug abuse

• Make up your mind to quit the addiction. It is necessary
to have a strong desire to quit.
• It is a good to get admission in rehabilitation center
• The patient is treated with different psychological methods.
• Meditation and yoga helps in de-addiction
• Be with your friends, relatives and well-wishers at all
times. There is less chance to get drunk when you are
always with well wishers.
• Patients suffering from drug addiction should write a daily
diary. There are many benefits of doing this. By writing the
after effects of addiction, a person realizes how his life is
ruined by addiction.

Awareness about AIDS and Preventive Measures

AIDS is a deadly disease, (Acquired Immunodeficiency
Syndrome). This disease is spread mainly through unprotected
sex. There is no curative vaccine available for this disease.
Many researches are going on to prevent this disease.
The very first AIDS case was reported on June 5, 1981.
The word AIDS was introduced at a ceremony in July 1982.
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Social View of AIDS
AIDS stigma exists in many forms in the world, including
ostracism, social stigma, discrimination, and distancing from
infected people.

Modes of transmission of AIDS

It can be spread by coming into contact with the bodily
fluids of an infected person. Eg: blood, semen, breast milk and
others. AIDS is contracted by having unprotected sex with an
infected person.

Measures for Preventive AIDS Disease

National health portal have suggested some points to
prevent HIV/AIDS.
* Use condom and other precautions to prevent AIDS.
* Regular tests conducted for patients suffering from
AIDS.
* Changing injection needle for every patient.
* Conducting compulsory HIV test for pregnant women
* Before donating blood, it is tested to make sure it is HIV
free of infection.

Problems faced by Younger generation/Adolescents.

The current generations are finding it difficult to face the
sudden and un ethical challenge thrown up by the present
society. Rapid urbanisation has come in the way of the former
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joint family system which played a very important role in
supporting Physically, financially, morally and psychologically
all the members of the joint family.
When youngsters need any help from their support
system and move out to fend for themselves, whenever
pressure gets to them they find refuge in the vicious world of
alcohol, drugs and thereon. Having unprotected sex and
falling prey to Hiv/Aids.
In this context the educational institutions play a important
role by inculcating the ill effects of drugs, alcohol, safe sex,
HIV/AIDS to the younger generation, presenting them the
ways and means of avoiding the pit falls of urbanisation and in
managing the high pressure atmosphere of modern society.

Menstrual Health for Girls:

1. Education and Awareness: It's crucial for girls to
receive proper education about menstrual health,
understanding the menstrual cycle, and the changes
in their body. This reduces stigma and helps in
managing menstruation effectively.
2. Hygiene Practices: Using clean sanitary products
(like pads, tampons, or menstrual cups), changing
them regularly, and maintaining good hygiene are
essential to prevent infections.

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 3. Access to Products: Affordable and accessible
menstrual products are necessary for girls, especially
in rural or underprivileged areas where period
poverty is a concern.
4. Nutrition: A balanced diet rich in iron, calcium, and
vitamins helps in maintaining menstrual health and
reduces issues like fatigue or anemia during
menstruation.
5. Emotional Support: Emotional well-being is
important during menstruation. Girls may experience
mood swings, and emotional support from family or
friends can be beneficial.
6. Healthcare Access: In case of irregular periods,
excessive pain, or other menstrual disorders (like
PCOS or endometriosis), girls should have access to
healthcare professionals for proper diagnosis and
treatment.

Food Adulteration and its Impact on Girls:

1. Health Risks: Consuming adulterated food, which
is contaminated with harmful chemicals or additives,
can cause serious health problems like food
poisoning, organ damage, weakened immune
systems, and long-term effects like cancer.

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2. Malnutrition: Adulterated food often lacks essential
nutrients, leading to malnutrition, which can be
particularly harmful to growing girls as it affects their
physical and cognitive development.
3. Hormonal Imbalance: Certain chemicals in
adulterated food can disrupt the hormonal balance in
girls, potentially affecting their reproductive health
and menstrual cycles.
4. Growth Impairment: Consuming adulterated or
low-quality food can hinder growth and
development, affecting girls during their critical
adolescent years.


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 CHAPTER
XVI

INDEPENDENT LIFE
Independent life refers to living a self-sufficient
and autonomous life, where one makes their own decisions,
takes care of themselves, and is responsible for their
own well-being. It means being free from dependence on
others for financial, emotional, or physical support.

Key aspects of an independent life include:

1. Self-reliance
2. Financial independence
3. Personal freedom
4. Autonomy
5. Self-care
6. Decision-making
7. Problem-solving
8. Accountability
Living an independent life can bring numerous benefits,
such as:
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 1. Confidence boost
2. Increased self-esteem
3. Improved mental and physical health
4. Enhanced creativity and innovation
5. Greater sense of purpose and fulfillment
6. Better time management and productivity
7. Stronger relationships (built on mutual respect and
trust)
However, it's essential to note that independence doesn't
mean isolation. Building a support network and nurturing
relationships is crucial for a happy and healthy life.



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 CHAPTER
XVII

INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS
Interpersonal relationships refer to the connections and
interactions we have with others, including family, friends,
colleagues, and community members. These relationships
play a vital role in our physical, emotional, and mental well-
being.

The value of interpersonal relationships lies in:

1. Emotional Support: Providing comfort,
encouragement and a sense of belonging.
2. Social Connection: Fostering a sense of community
and reducing feelings of loneliness.
3. Personal Growth: Helping us develop emotional
intelligence, empathy, and self-awareness.
4. Practical Help: Offering assistance with daily tasks,
errands, and challenges.
5. Networking: Expanding our social circles, career
opportunities, and access to resources.
6. Stress Reduction: Providing a support system to
cope with life's challenges.
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 7. Improved Mental Health: Reducing symptoms of
anxiety, depression, and other mental health
concerns.
8. Increased Happiness: Releasing endorphins and
promoting overall well-being.
9. Diverse Perspectives: Exposing us to new ideas,
cultures, and ways of thinking.
10. Sense of Purpose: Giving us a feeling of belonging
and meaning.
Nurturing and investing in interpersonal relationships can
lead to a more fulfilling, supportive, and joyful life.
Valuing family relationships is essential for building strong,
supportive, and loving bonds with your loved ones. Here are
some reasons why family relationships are important:
1. Shared History: Family relationships are built
on shared experiences, memories, and traditions.
2. Trust and Loyalty: Family members often have a
deep sense of trust and loyalty towards each other.
3. Personal Growth: Family relationships help
individuals develop important life skills, values and
identity.
4. Sense of Belonging: Family provides a sense of
belonging and connection to one's heritage and
culture.
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 5. Support Network: Family members can offer
practical help, advice and guidance during life's
challenges.
6. Unconditional Love: Family relationships are often
built on unconditional love and acceptance.
7. Role Modeling: Family members can model
values, behaviors and character traits for each other.
9. Shared Responsibilities: Family members can
share responsibilities and work together as a team.
9. Legacy: Family relationships can create a lasting
legacy and impact future generations.

To value family relationships:

1. Spend quality time together.
2. Communicate openly and honestly.
3. Show appreciation and gratitude.
4. Respect boundaries and individuality.
5. Foster traditions and shared activities.
6. Support each other's goals and dreams.
7. Practice forgiveness and understanding.
8. Prioritize family time and make it a priority.
By valuing family relationships, you can build strong,
lasting bonds that bring joy, support, and meaning to your life.

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CHAPTER
XVIII

ADVANTAGE OF THE INTERNET

AND GADGETS
The Internet is a vast network that connects computers
all over the world. Through the Internet, people can share
information and communicate from anywhere with an Internet
connection.
1. Access to Information: The internet provides
instant access to vast amounts of information and
knowledge. Gadgets like smart phones and tablets
make this information portable.
2. Communication: The internet and gadgets facilitate
fast, global communication through emails, video
calls, social media, and messaging apps.
3. Convenience: Gadgets allow users to perform
tasks like banking, shopping, and booking services
online, saving time and effort.
4. Entertainment: The internet offers a wide range of
entertainment options such as streaming services,
gaming, and social media. Gadgets provide easy
access to these platforms.
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 5. Remote Work and Learning: The combination of
internet and gadgets allows for flexible work and
study environments, improving work-life balance.

Disadvantages of the Internet and Gadgets:

1. Cyber security Risks: Internet users are susceptible
to hacking, identity theft, and online fraud. Gadgets
can be vulnerable to malware or data breaches.
2. Addiction and Overuse: Excessive use of gadgets
and the internet can lead to addiction, negatively
affecting mental health, sleep, and real-life
interactions.
3. Misinformation: The spread of false information
and fake news is prevalent on the internet, potentially
misleading users.
4. Privacy Concerns: Personal information shared
online can be exploited, and gadgets may collect data
without user consent.
5. Health Issues: Prolonged use of gadgets can lead
to physical health problems such as eye strain, poor
posture, and a sedentary lifestyle.
6. Social Isolation: Heavy reliance on gadgets and
internet use can reduce face-to-face interactions,
contributing to social isolation.

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CHAPTER
XIX

ROAD SAFETY MEASURES

Road Safety
Stop
Now every city has traffic rules. If
traffic rules are followed with self- Slow
motivation traffic will be smooth and
pollution will be reduced. The country Go
will also develop. Apart from that, we are
able to join our beloved husband/ wife/
father/ son/ mother/daughter/ sister etc.,
who are waiting for us without accidents.
1. Wear Seat Belts: Always wear seat
belts while driving or as a passenger.
This can significantly reduce the risk of
injury during accidents.

2. Obey Traffic Signals and Signs: Follow traffic

lights, road signs, and signals to maintain order and
safety on the road.
3. Avoid Speeding: Stick to the prescribed speed
limits. High speeds reduce reaction times and
increase the severity of accidents.
119 / The Red Cross
 4. No Drunk Driving: Never drive under
the influence of alcohol or drugs. This
impairs judgment and reaction time,
leading to accidents.
5. Use Helmets: Motorcyclists and cyclists
should always wear helmets to protect
their heads in case of a crash.
6. Avoid Mobile Phone Use: Do not use
mobile phones while driving. It distracts
from the road and can lead to accidents.
7. Maintain Safe Distance: Keep a safe distance
between your vehicle and the one ahead to prevent
collisions in case of sudden stops.
8. Check Blind Spots: Always check blind spots
before changing lanes or merging to avoid accidents
with unseen vehicles.
9. Follow Pedestrian Rules: Give right of way to
pedestrians, especially at crosswalks, and be alert in
areas with heavy foot traffic.
10. Use Indicators: Always signal before turning or
changing lanes.
11. Drive According to Weather Conditions: Slow
down in adverse weather conditions such as rain,
snow, or fog to maintain better control of the vehicle.

120 / The Red Cross

12. Enforce Child Safety: Use appropriate child
restraints and seats for young passengers.
13. Wear Reflective Gear: Pedestrians, cyclists, and
motorcyclists should wear reflective clothing or gear,
especially at night, to be more visible.



121 / The Red Cross

 CHAPTER
XX

ABOUT CANCER AWARENESS

Cancer is a diseases
wherein cells grow and divide
uncontrollably, which can lead to
the spread of abnormal cells
throughout the
body.

Cancer is the name for over

200 diseases in which abnormal
cells grow and rapidly divide. These cells
usually develop into a lump called a tumour. Cancer may
spread to other parts of the body. The body is made up
of billions of tiny things called cells, and each has a job to
make your body work and stay healthy.

Cancer causes are as follows: Tobacco use, Alcohol

Consumption, Unhealthy Diet, Physical Inactivity,
Air pollution and etc.,

122 / The Red Cross

 Warning signs of Cancer are as follows: An unusual
swelling, Abnormal Bleeding, Sudden changes in Vision,
Hearing, Speech, Mood, Memory or Balance, Persistent daily
headaches, Ongoing pain or numbness, Frequent infections and
fever, Sudden Uexplained weight loss, A new mole or unusual
spot on your skin, or a mole that’s changing in size, shape or
colour, Persistent night-time sweating.

Most common type of cancer are Lung Cancer, Prostate

Cancer, Liver Cancer, Breast Cancer, Skin Cancer, Ovarian
Cancer etc.,

Treatments for cancer are Surgery, Chemotherapy,

Radiation Therapy are the most common types of treatment for
cancer. In Surgery cancer is removed from the part of the body
as much as possible. In Chemotherapy, with the help of
medicines, toxic cells that are rapidly dividing cancer cells are
killed. And in Radiation therapy, powerful radiation is used in
the body to kill the cells of cancer.

Foods that prevent cancer risk are Berries, Broccoli,

Tomatoes, Walnuts, Grapes and other vegetables, fruits and
nuts and Healthy Life Style.



123 / The Red Cross

124 / The Red Cross
125 / The Red Cross
126 / The Red Cross
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127 / The Red Cross

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128 / The Red Cross

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129 / The Red Cross
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3. gÁdå AiÉÆÃd£Á ¤zÉÃð±ÀPÀgÀÄ ¸ÀªÀÄUÀæ ²PÀët C©üAiÀiÁ£À ¨ÉAUÀ¼ÀÆgÀÄ
4. C¥ÀgÀ DAiÀÄÄPÀÛgÀÄ ¸ÁªÀðd¤PÀ ²PÀët E¯ÁSÉ, zsÁgÀªÁqÀ / PÀ®§ÄgÀV
5. ¤zÉÃð±ÀPÀgÀÄ r.J¸ï.E. Dgï.n. ¨ÉAUÀ¼ÀÆgÀÄ.
6. ¤zÉÃð±ÀPÀgÀÄ (¥ËæqsÀ²PÀët) ¸ÁªÀðd¤PÀ ²PÀët E¯ÁSÉ, ¨ÉAUÀ¼ÀÆgÀÄ.
7. ¤zÉÃð±ÀPÀgÀÄ (¥ÀjÃPÉëUÀ¼ÀÄ) /EvÀgÉ PÀ£ÁðlPÀ ¥ËæqsÀ²PÀët ªÀÄAqÀ½, ªÀįÉèñÀégÀA, ¨ÉAUÀ¼ÀÆgÀÄ
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EªÀgÀ ªÀÄÄSÁAvÀgÀ)
9. ±ÁSÁ gÀPÁë PÀqÀvÀ/ºÉZÀÄѪÀj ¥ÀæwUÀ¼ÀÄ.

¥Àw
æ :-
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¨ÉAUÀ¼ÀÆgÀÄ
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3. ¸ÀPÁðgÀzÀ G¥À PÁAiÀÄðzÀ²ðUÀ¼ÀÄ, ¥ÁæxÀ«ÄPÀ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ ¥ËæqsÀ²PÀët E¯ÁSÉ, ¨ÉAUÀ¼ÀÆgÀÄ

130 / The Red Cross

 PÀ£ÁðlPÀ ¸ÀPÁðgÀ
¸ÁªÀðd¤PÀ ²PÀët E¯ÁSÉ
DAiÀÄÄPÀÛgÀ PÀbÉÃj, ¸ÁªÀðd¤PÀ ²PÀët E¯ÁSÉ, £ÀÈ¥ÀvÀÄAUÀ gÀ¸ÉÛ, ¨ÉAUÀ¼ÀÆgÀÄ-01
¸ÀASÉå:¹4(6)/¥Ëæ²/gÉPÁæ/¥À.C£ÀÄ/6/2021-22. ¢£ÁAPÀ: 28-12-2021
¸ÀÄvÉÆÛïÉ
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¥ÁægÀA©ü¸ÀĪÀ §UÉÎ-
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¢:03/03/2020.
3. F PÀbÉÃjAiÀÄ ¸ÀÄvÉÆÛÃ¯É ¸ÀASÉå: ¹4(6)/¸À¥Ëæ±Á/gÉqïPÁæ¸ï/94/2012-
13. ¢: 23/06/2020.
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¥Ëæ q s À ±Á¯É U À ¼ À ° è QgÀ A iÀ Ä gÉ q ïPÁæ ¸ ï WÀ l PÀ ª À £ À Ä ß ¥Áæ g À A ©ü ¸ À ® Ä G¯É è à R-2 gÀ ° è £ À DzÉ Ã ±À U À ¼ À £ À Ä ß
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2. gÁdåzÀ J¯Áè PÉëÃvÀæ ²PÀëuÁ¢üPÁjUÀ¼ÀÄ, ¸ÁªÀðd¤PÀ ²PÀët E¯ÁSÉ EªÀjUÉ [G¥À¤zÉÃð±ÀPÀgÀÄ(DqÀ½vÀ)
gÀªÀgÀ ªÀÄÄSÁAvÀgÀ]
3. PÀbÉÃj ¥Àæw

131 / The Red Cross

 RED CROSS DISTRICT BRANCHES -
SECRETARIES
Sri M.S. Rajesh Dr. Sumanth S. Hiremath
Secretary, Secretary,
Indian Red Cross Society, Indian Red Cross Society,
Bengaluru Urban District Branch Belgaum District Branch
Flat No.1104, “D” Block, 11 th Floor, Civil Hospital Compound,
IKON North, Manyatha Tech Park, Next to O.P.D. Block, BELGAVI –
Thanisandra, Bengaluru – 560045 590001. M: 98447 74431
Ph: 98451 98341
Sri S.G. Muranal
Dr. Parameshwar H.S Secretary, Indian Red Cross Society,
Secretary, Vijayapura District Branch
Indian Red Cross Society Plot No. 82, Sollapura Road,
Bengaluru Rural District Branch K.C. Nagar, Near DCC Bank,
Old Hospital Compound, VIJAYAPURA – 586103
DODDABALLAPURA – 561203 M: 94805 34153
M: 99002 66748
Dr. Mahesh M.
Sri Veeranna S Athani Secretary,
Secretary, Indian Red Cross Society Indian Red Cross Society,
Bagalkote District Branch Chamarajanagara District Branch,
Bilagi Cross, Near Darga, District Hospital,
Khazi Complex, opp. Lingapur RC, CHAMARAJANAGAR – 571313
BILAGI – 587116, BAGALKOTE M: 08226-222067 / 94491 78896
M: 9008888751 / 6362900901
Sri Rasool Khan
Dr. Veershetty Mailurkar Secretary,
Secretary, Indian Red Cross Indian Red Cross Society,
Society Chikkamagalur District Branch
Bidar District Branch, D.C. Office Premises,
Behind Karnataka College, Hosamane Extn.,
3rd Cross, Sharana Nilaya, Chikkamagalur – 577101
Channabasava Nagar, M: 94494 97993
Bidar – 585401
M: 94482 58594 Sri Mazaharulla .N
Secretary,
Sri M.A. Shakeeb Indian Red Cross Society,
Secretary, Indian Red Cross Society, Chitradurga District Branch
Bellary District Branch C/o. 1st Floor, JCR Extension, 7th
Office Of The District Commandant, Cross, behind Neelkamal Showroom,
Karnataka Home Guards, Chitradurga – 577 501
Stadium Road, Near Rangamandir, Mail: ircscta@gmail.com;
BELLARY – 583101 Ph: 78991 87128
M: 94836 41234 / 98451 45096
137 / The Red Cross
Sri B.N. Ravikumar Front Of Neharu Yuva Kendra,
Secretary, Salagame Road, Hassan – 573202
Indian Red Cross Society, M: 94494 60806
Chikkaballapura District Branch
Old District Hospital Premises Dr. NEELESH M.N.
CHIKKABALLAPURA – 562101 Secretary, Indian Red Cross Society,
M: 84949 84545 Haveri District Branch
District Hospital Compound,
Sri Ananada Jyoti HAVERI – 581110
Secretary, Indian Red Cross Society, M: 08375 – 296887
Davanagere District Branch M: 94498 43230
Sri Shamanur Shivashankarappa
Red Cross Bhavana No. 302, Dr. Srinivas Hyati
“A” Block, Devaraj Urs Layout, General Secretary
DAVANGERE - 577006 Indian Red Cross Society,
M: 08192-252550 / 99452 99152 Koppal District Branch
1st Floor, New District Hospital
Dr. Umesh Hallikeri Premises, Hosapete Road,
Secretary, KOPPAL – 583231
Indian Red Cross Society, M: 08539-225088 / 90089 96646
Dharwad District Branch
Red Cross Building, Near HPO, Sri H.R. Muralidhara
Station Road, DHARWAD – 580008 Secretary, Indian Red Cross Society,
M: 70198 23205 / 0836-2444464 Kodagu District Branch
“Shree Nilaya”, Near A.V. School,
Sri Raveendra Shabadi Mahadevpet, Madikeri – 571201
Secretary, Indian Red Cross Society, KODAGU
Kalaburgi District Branch M: 98801 54569
Room No. 2A, Ground Floor,
Mini Vidhanasoudha, Sri S. Nandish Kumar
D.C. Office Compound Premises, Secretary, Indian Red Cross Society,
Main Road, KALABURGI – 585102 Kolar District Branch,
M: 08472-255317 / 94482 04560 S/O. D.C. Shreekantaiah,
1st Main Road, 1st Cross,
Dr. Mohd Sharif Samudri Sultanthippasandra
Secretary, Indian Red Cross Society, KOLAR – 563101.
Gadag District Branch M:9448714809 / 8088075591
C/o. DGM Ayurvedic Medical College,
Kalasapur Road, Sri Vaidyanath S.S.
GADAG – 582101 Secretary, Indian Red Cross Society,
M: 99641 87315 / 80730 41618 Mysore District Branch,
No. 36, MIG -2, Group -4,
Sri Shabbir Ahamed KHB Colony, Hootgalli Extn.
Secretary, Indian Red Cross Society, Mysore - 570018
Hassan District Branch M: 98868 29899/94828 67500
Red Cross Bhavan,

138 / The Red Cross

Dr. K.M. Shivakumar Dr. G.K. Sanath Kumar,
Medical Superintendent VIMS MBBS, M.P.H
& Secretary Secretary
Indian Red Cross Society, Indian Red Cross Society,
Mandya District Branch, Tumkur District Branch,
P.E.S. Engineering College Road, Red Cross Bhavan, Ashoka Road,
Near Zilla Panchayath, TUMKUR – 572101
MANDYA – 571401 PH: 0816-2277988. M: 83101
M: 08232-228730 33373
Sri Kishore Chandra Hegde Sri Gananath Shetty Yekkar
Secretary, Secretary
Indian Red Cross Society, Indian Red Cross Society,
D.K. District Branch, Udupi District Branch,
Red Cross Bhavan, D.No.4-3-19G, Red Cross Bhavan,
Behind D.C. Office Compound, Red Cross Road, Ajjarkad,
MANGALORE – 575001 UDUPI District – 576101
M: 99023 35288 M: 0820-2532222 / 99645 83433
Sri Ataulla Sri. Jagadeesha S. Birakodikara
Secretary, Indian Red Cross Society, Secretary, Indian Red Cross Society,
Raichur District Branch, U. K. District Branch, DHO Building
C/O Nehru Yuvakendra, Premises, Karwar – 581301
Ashapura Road, Uttara Kannada District.
RAICHUR – 584101 M: 98452 23743
M: 8050227039
Sri. Mallannagouda Halimani
Sri Rudreshwara .S Secretary,
Secretary, Indian Red Cross Society, Indian Red Cross Society,
Ramanagara District Branch, Yadagiri District Branch,
No: 4268, Main Road, Extension, Office Of The Deputy
Near District Govt. Library, Commissioner Main Road, YADGIRI
Opp: to T.B., Ramanagar-562159 – 585202
M: 98804 39669 M: 98865 21808
Dr. Dinesh .S Smt. Annapurna Sadashiv
Secretary, Indian Red Cross Society, Secretary, IRCS,
Shivamogga District Branch, Vijayanagara District Branch
Indian Red Cross Society Building, Opp. N.H. Office,
RTO Office Road, Opp: To Press Trust Near PDIT Ladies Hostel,
Building, D.C. Office Compound Amarvathi, Hosapete-583201
SHIVAMOGGA – 577204 Vijayanagar District
M: 99641 94698 / 98453 53930 M: 9739008394

139 / The Red Cross

 For Organizing First Aid Training at your
institution, you may Contact the following address:

INDIAN RED CROSS SOCIETY

KARNATAKA STATE BRANCH
# 26, Red Cross Bhavan, 1st Floor,
Race Course Road, Bengaluru – 560 001
Ph: 22264205 Blood Bank : 22268435
E-mail : ircskar@gmail.com / ircskarnataka@yahoo.in
Website : www.redcrosskarnataka.org.
140 / The Red Cross