CBME recit
CBME recit
PROGRAM - Progman (short for "Program") refers to a detailed plan that outlines specific
activities or steps needed to achieve a particular goal. It takes a broader strategy and breaks it
down into actionable tasks.
BUDGET - A budget is a detailed financial plan that shows the cost of a company's programs in
terms of money. It is used for planning and control to ensure that a program has enough
funding and will provide a good return on investment (ROI).
Example:
If a company has a procedure for handling customer complaints, it might include steps like:
Even though it is the last step in strategic management, it can also show weaknesses in past
plans, helping the company restart the planning process to improve its strategy.
PERFORMANCE - Performance is the final result of a company's actions. It shows how well
the company is doing based on its strategy. Performance is usually measured by profits and
return on investment (ROI).
Managers check what caused the issue—maybe the strategy was wrong, or an important factor
(like a new competitor) was missed. Then, they adjust and improve their strategies.
A strategic decision-making framework helps leaders at all levels make smart choices, no
matter their role in the company.
Strategic decisions are big, important choices that shape a company’s future. They are different
from regular decisions because they:
1. Rare – They don’t happen often and have no previous examples to follow.
2. Consequential – They require a lot of resources (money, time, effort) and affect the
entire company.
3. Directive – They guide smaller decisions and future actions in the business.
Environmental sustainability means businesses take steps to reduce their impact on nature
and protect the environment. Companies are now considering climate change when making
decisions. Businesses that focus on sustainability help protect the planet while also improving
their reputation and long-term success.
Regulatory risk happens when companies must follow government rules about environmental
protection, like reducing greenhouse gases. If they don’t comply, they may face penalties, fines,
or restrictions. Following environmental regulations helps companies avoid legal trouble and
improve sustainability.
Supply chain risk happens when suppliers face problems that affect the cost and delivery of
goods. Government rules on carbon emissions can make materials and energy more expensive.
Natural disasters like storms and flooding can also disrupt global supply chains.
Product and technology risk happens when businesses must adapt to environmental
sustainability to stay profitable. Companies that don’t invest in eco-friendly technology may
lose customers and fall behind competitors. Businesses need to innovate and use sustainable
technology to stay competitive and profitable.
Litigation risk means companies can be sued for causing environmental damage, especially if
they produce a lot of carbon emissions. Just like lawsuits in the tobacco and pharmaceutical
industries, businesses that harm the environment may face legal action.
Reputational risk happens when a company’s environmental impact affects its image. If
people think a company harms the environment, its brand value may suffer. But if a company is
known for being eco-friendly, it can attract more customers, employees, and investors. Being
environmentally responsible helps businesses stay competitive and trusted.
Physical risk comes from the direct effects of climate change, like droughts, floods, storms, and
rising sea levels. These changes can damage businesses and increase costs. Businesses must
prepare for climate-related risks to protect their operations and finances.