VTAMPS 19 Secondary 2 Set 3

Part I: Multiple Choice Questions

1. A horsepower (ℎ𝑝) is a unit of power. Which of the following is equal to 3ℎ𝑝?
A. 2.24 𝑘𝑤
B. 2.42 𝑘𝑤
C. 2.64 𝑘𝑤
D. 2.82 𝑘𝑤
E. 3.02 𝑘𝑤

2. Determine the measure of the smaller angle formed by the hour and minute hands of an analog
clock at 10: 10 𝑎𝑚.
A. 105
B. 115
C. 175
D. 245
E. 315

3. From a given universal set 𝑈 = {2,3,5,7,11,13,17,19,23,29} and sets 𝐴 = {3,7,13,17} and 𝐵 =

{2,3,5,17}, determine (𝐴′ ∩ 𝐵′)′.
A. {2,5,11,19,23,29}
B. {2,3,5,7,11,13}
C. {2,3,5,7,13,17}
D. {3,5,7,13,17,19}
E. {3,5,7,11,17,23}

4. Determine the minimum value of 10𝑥 2 + 25𝑥 + 20.

A. 20
B. 24/5
C. 32/5
D. 35/8
E. 39/4
5. A 57% solution is to be created by mixing solution A (19%) and solution B (76%). Determine
the proper ratio of 𝐴: 𝐵.
A. 1:2
B. 1:4
C. 2:3
D. 3:5
E. None of the above

6. Determine which of the following is NOT a function of 𝑥.

A. 𝑦 = √2025 − 𝑥 + 3
B. 3𝑦 = 𝑥 2 + 7
C. −𝑥 = 78𝑦 + 2
D. 200𝑥 + 2525𝑦 = 47
E. 𝑦 2 = 𝑥 2 − 1

7. If we are to put 𝑛 distinct objects into 𝑘 containers, where 𝑛 > 𝑘, which of the following
expressions apply?
𝑛
A. ( )
𝑘
𝑛+𝑘−1
B. ( )
𝑘
𝑛+𝑘−1
C. ( )
𝑘−1
𝑛−𝑘
D. ( )
𝑘
𝑛−1
E. ( )
𝑘−1

8. For any perfect square numbers 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐, the expression

(√𝑎 + √𝑏 + √𝑐)(√𝑎 − √𝑏 − √𝑐)
is always:
A. an integer.
B. an irrational number.
C. an even number.
D. an odd number.
E. All of the above

9. Determine the distance between the points (2025, −70) and (2121, −98).
A. 97
B. 98
C. 99
D. 100
E. None of the above.
 10. For a random integer 𝑛, which of the following has the highest chance of being a prime
number?
A. 𝑛2 + 𝑛
B. 𝑛2 + 𝑛 + 1
C. 𝑛2 + 𝑛 + 2
D. 𝑛2 + 𝑛 + 3
E. 𝑛2 + 𝑛 + 4

Part II: Open-Ended Questions

11. Specific volume is defined as the ratio of an object’s volume over its mass. Determine the
specific volume in 𝑚3 /𝑘𝑔 of an object that is known to have a density of 10/11 𝑙𝑏/𝑓𝑡 3 . (Use
11 33
𝑙𝑏 = 1𝑘𝑔 and 10 𝑓𝑡 = 1𝑚)
5

12. In a group of 6 boys and 7 girls, determine the number of ways to select 4 people such that
there is at least 1 boy.

13. Factor 𝑥 4 + 2𝑥 3 + 3𝑥 2 + 34𝑥 + 77 completely.

14. Determine the area of the region bounded by 𝑥 ≤ 6, 𝑥 + 𝑦 ≥ 6, and 4𝑥 − 3𝑦 ≥ 3 in the

cartesian coordinate plane.

15. 7 coins are tossed. Determine the probability that there are more heads than there are tails.

16. A large water tank is connected to three different pipes. Two of which are used to fill the tank,
and one is used to empty it. Pipe 𝐴 can fill the empty tank in 24 hours, while Pipe 𝐵 can fill the
empty tank in 28 hours. Pipe 𝐶 on the other hand is used to empty a full tank in 42 hours. If the
tank is initially empty, how long (in hours) will it take to fill the tank with all three pipes open?

17. A quadratic expression (expression in the form 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐) was listed. Agnes copied the
expression but made a mistake in writing the coefficient of the second term. When she factored
it, she got (𝑥 + 14)(𝑥 + 4). Bella also copied the expression but made a mistake in writing the
constant term. When she factored it, she got (𝑥 + 3)(𝑥 + 12). Determine the correct factors of
the expression.
18. When the expression (4𝑥 + 𝑛)5 is expanded, the coefficients of 𝑥 4 and 𝑥 3 are the same.
Determine the value of 𝑛.

19. How many ways are there to rearrange the letters in COEFFICIENT?

20. A certain task is to be done by 𝐴, 𝐵, 𝐶, and 𝐷 multiple times individually. The tally of the
number of successful tasks out of the first 100 is as follows: 60 for person 𝐴, 75 for person 𝐵,
70 for person 𝐶, 55 for person 𝐷.
Determine the probability that at least one of them is able to finish the 101st task successfully.

21. Determine the minimum value of 7𝑥 4 + 28𝑥 3 + 42𝑥 2 + 28𝑥 + 9.

22. The Color Game is a common Filipino gambling game in using three six-sided dice, each having
6 colors (red, blue, green, white, pink, and yellow) on each side.
The game itself is played by gambling on a certain color, followed by the rolling of all three dice
simultaneously. The prizing is as follows:
None of the results are the gambled color: The bet amount is lost.
1 of the results is the gambled color: The bet amount is returned.
2 of the results are the gambled color: The bet amount is doubled.
3 of the results are the gambled color: The bet amount is tripled.
Suppose you have $1000 and plan to play 1000 times, betting $1 each time. How much money
are you expected to have at the end of all the games?

23. Determine the coefficient of 𝑥 2023 on the expansion of (𝑥 + 3)2025 .

24. It is known that the expression √43 + 42√43 + 42√43 + 42√… can be expressed as a rational
number. Determine that rational number.

25. It is known that |𝑥| = 𝑥 and |−𝑥| = 𝑥. For a real number 𝑥, determine the minimum value of
|𝑥 + 1| + |𝑥 + 2| + |𝑥 + 3| + |𝑥 + 4| + ⋯ + |𝑥 + 2025|.
 VTAMPS 19 Secondary 2 Set 3 Solution Manual
Part I: Multiple Choice Questions
1. A horsepower (ℎ𝑝) is a unit of power. Which of the following is equal to 3ℎ𝑝?
A. 2.24 𝑘𝑤
B. 2.42 𝑘𝑤
C. 2.64 𝑘𝑤
D. 2.82 𝑘𝑤
E. 3.02 𝑘𝑤
Answer: A
Solution:
Note that
1ℎ𝑝 = 0.7457 𝑘𝑤
Then
3ℎ𝑝 = 3(0.7457 𝑘𝑤)
3ℎ𝑝 = 2.2371 𝑘𝑤
Thus A.
2. Determine the measure of the smaller angle formed by the hour and minute hands of an analog
clock at 10: 10 𝑎𝑚.
A. 105
B. 115
C. 175
D. 245
E. 315
Answer: B
Solution:
Using the formula
11
𝜃 = |30𝐻 − 𝑀|,
2
We get
11
𝜃 = |30(10) − (10)|
2
𝜃 = |300 − 55|
𝜃 = 245
However, since 245 > 180, this is clearly the bigger angle.
Solving for the smaller angle,
360 − 245 = 115.

3. From a given universal set 𝑈 = {2,3,5,7,11,13,17,19,23,29} and sets 𝐴 = {3,7,13,17} and 𝐵 =

{2,3,5,17}, determine (𝐴′ ∩ 𝐵′)′.
A. {2,5,11,19,23,29}
B. {2,3,5,7,11,13}
C. {2,3,5,7,13,17}
 D. {3,5,7,13,17,19}
E. {3,5,7,11,17,23}
Answer: C
Solution:
Note that
𝐴′ = {2,5,11,19,23,29}
and
𝐵 ′ = {7,11,13,19,23,29}
Then
𝐴′ ∩ 𝐵 ′ = {11,19,23,29}
And so
(𝐴′ ∩ 𝐵 ′ )′ = {2,3,5,7,13,17}
Thus, C.

4. Determine the minimum value of 10𝑥 2 + 25𝑥 + 20.

A. 20
B. 24/5
C. 32/5
D. 35/8
E. 39/4
Answer: D
Solution:
To get the minimum, write into vertex form and the constant is the minimum, that is,
5
10 (𝑥 2 + 𝑥) + 20
2
5 25 25
= 10 (𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + ) + 20 − (10)
2 16 16
5 2 160 − 125
= 10 (𝑥 + ) +
4 8
5 2 35
= 10 (𝑥 + ) +
4 8
35
Thus, minimum is at 8 .

Or

Use the formula

𝑏2
𝑐−
4𝑎
to get the minimum.
Then
252
20 −
4(10)
25 × 5
= 20 −
4(2)
160 − 125 35
= = .
8 8
5. A 57% solution is to be created by mixing solution A (19%) and solution B (76%). Determine
the proper ratio of 𝐴: 𝐵.
A. 1:2
B. 1:4
 C. 2:3
D. 3:5
E. None of the above
Answer: A
Solution:
Note that we have
0.19𝐴 + 0.76𝐵 = 0.57(𝐴 + 𝐵)
19𝐴 + 76𝐵 = 57𝐴 + 57𝐵
19𝐵 = 38𝐴
𝐴 1
=
𝐵 2
6. Determine which of the following is NOT a function of 𝑥.
A. 𝑦 = √2025 − 𝑥 + 3
B. 3𝑦 = 𝑥 2 + 7
C. −𝑥 = 78𝑦 + 2
D. 200𝑥 + 2525𝑦 = 47
E. 𝑦 2 = 𝑥 2 − 1
Answer: E
Solution:
By observing the choices, we can see that E is a hyperbola, which is not a function of 𝑥.
7. If we are to put 𝑛 distinct objects into 𝑘 containers, where 𝑛 > 𝑘, which of the following
expressions apply?
𝑛
A. ( )
𝑘
𝑛+𝑘−1
B. ( )
𝑘
𝑛+𝑘−1
C. ( )
𝑘−1
𝑛−𝑘
D. ( )
𝑘
𝑛−1
E. ( )
𝑘−1
Answer: C
Solution:
Note that the problem describes the formula for stars and bars, which is letter C.
8. For any perfect square numbers 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐, the expression
(√𝑎 + √𝑏 + √𝑐)(√𝑎 − √𝑏 − √𝑐)
is always:
A. an integer.
B. an irrational number.
C. an even number.
D. an odd number.
E. All of the above
Answer: A
Solution:
Simplifying the expression,
(√𝑎 + (√𝑏 + √𝑐)) (√𝑎 − (√𝑏 + √𝑐))
2 2
= (√𝑎) − (√𝑏 + √𝑐)
2
= 𝑎 − (√𝑏 + √𝑐)
Since 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 are perfect square numbers, let 𝑥 2 = 𝑏 and 𝑦 2 = 𝑐. Then
𝑎 − (𝑥 + 𝑦)2
 Here, we can let 𝑧 = 𝑥 + 𝑦 so that we have
𝑎 − 𝑧2
Or a difference of two squares.
However, it is not the case that it is always odd nor it is always even.
Hence, an integer.

9. Determine the distance between the points (2025, −70) and (2121, −98).
A. 97
B. 98
C. 99
D. 100
E. None of the above.
Answer: D
Solution:
Using the distance formula between two points
𝑑 = √(𝑥2 − 𝑥1 )2 + (𝑦2 − 𝑦1 )2
Thus
2
𝑑 = √(2121 − 2025)2 + (−98 − (−70))
𝑑 = √962 + (−28)2
𝑑 = √9216 + 784
𝑑 = √10000
𝑑 = 100.

10. For a random integer 𝑛, which of the following has the highest chance of being a prime
number?
A. 𝑛2 + 𝑛
B. 𝑛2 + 𝑛 + 1
C. 𝑛2 + 𝑛 + 2
D. 𝑛2 + 𝑛 + 3
E. 𝑛2 + 𝑛 + 4
Answer: B
Solution:
We can verify each value for each 𝑛
𝑛=1 𝑛=2 𝑛=3 𝑛=4 𝑛=5 𝑛=6
𝑛2 + 𝑛 2 6 12 20 30 42
2
𝑛 +𝑛+1 3 7 13 21 31 43
2
𝑛 +𝑛+2 4 8 14 22 32 44
𝑛2 + 𝑛 + 3 5 9 15 23 33 45
2
𝑛 +𝑛+4 6 10 16 24 34 46
Thus, B.
Part II: Open-Ended Questions
11. Specific volume is defined as the ratio of an object’s volume over its mass. Determine the
specific volume in 𝑚3 /𝑘𝑔 of an object that is known to have a density of 10/11 𝑙𝑏/𝑓𝑡 3 . (Use
11 33
𝑙𝑏 = 1𝑘𝑔 and 10 𝑓𝑡 = 1𝑚)
5
20
Answer: 297
Solution:
Converting first to the right units,
 3
33
10 𝑙𝑏 ( 𝑓𝑡) 1𝑘𝑔 297 𝑘𝑔
× 10 3 × =
11 𝑓𝑡 3 (1𝑚) 11 20 𝑚3
𝑙𝑏
5
But by definition of specific volume, the ratio must be the object’s total volume over its mass.
Then
297 𝑘𝑔 20 𝑚3
→ .
20 𝑚3 297 𝑘𝑔
12. In a group of 6 boys and 7 girls, determine the number of ways to select 4 people such that
there is at least 1 boy.
Answer: 680
Solution:
To ensure that there is at least one boy, we have to consider when 1 boy and 3 girls are picked,
2 boys and 2 girls are picked, 3 boys and 1 girl are picked, and 4 boys and no girls are picked,
that is,
6 7 6 7 6 7 6 7
( )( ) + ( )( ) + ( )( ) + ( )( )
1 3 2 2 3 1 4 0
= (6)(35) + (15)(21) + (20)(7) + (15)(1)
= 210 + 315 + 140 + 15
= 680
Or
13 6 7
( ) − ( ) ( ) = 715 − 35 = 680
4 0 4
13. Factor 𝑥 4 + 2𝑥 3 + 3𝑥 2 + 34𝑥 + 77 completely.
Answer: (𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 + 7)(𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 + 11) or (𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 + 11)(𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 + 7)
Solution:
Note that from the last term or the constant of the expression, we can have the factors of the
whole expression by
(𝑥 2 + 𝑎𝑥 + 7)(𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 11).
Now, observe that
𝑥2 × 𝑥2 = 𝑥4
𝑥 2 × 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑥 2 + 𝑎𝑥 = 𝑎𝑥 3 + 𝑏𝑥 3 = 2𝑥 3
→𝑎+𝑏 =2
𝑥 2 × 11 + 𝑥 2 × 7 + 𝑎𝑥 × 𝑏𝑥 = 11𝑥 2 + 7𝑥 2 + 𝑎𝑏𝑥 2 = 18𝑥 2 + 𝑎𝑏𝑥 2 = 3𝑥 2
→ 18 + 𝑎𝑏 = 3
𝑎𝑥 × 11 + 𝑏𝑥 × 7 = 11𝑎𝑥 + 7𝑏𝑥 = 34𝑥
→ 11𝑎 + 7𝑏 = 34

Then
11𝑎 + 7𝑏 = 34
𝑎+𝑏 =2
18 + 𝑎𝑏 = 3
By using the first two equations
11𝑎 + 7𝑏 = 34
11(2 − 𝑏) + 7𝑏 = 34
22 − 11𝑏 + 7𝑏 = 34
−4𝑏 = 12
𝑏 = −3
And so
𝑎+𝑏 =2
𝑎−3=2
 𝑎 = 5.
Thus, the factors are
(𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 + 7)(𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 + 11).

14. Determine the area of the region bounded by 𝑥 ≤ 6, 𝑥 + 𝑦 ≥ 6, and 4𝑥 − 3𝑦 ≥ 3 in the

cartesian coordinate plane.
21 1
Answer: 2 𝑜𝑟 10 2 𝑜𝑟 10.5
Solution:
Note that we can rewrite the given by
𝑥−6=0
𝑥+𝑦−6=0
4𝑥 − 3𝑦 − 3 = 0
To find the area, we will need the intersection points of these lines, and that is by system of
equations.
Considering the first equation, 𝑥 = 6:
6+𝑦−6= 0
𝑦=0
And
4(6) − 3𝑦 − 3 = 0
24 − 3𝑦 − 3 = 0
3𝑦 = 21
𝑦=7
Hence, we have the points (6,0) and (6,7).
Next, by doing system of equations on the second and third equations,
4(𝑥 + 𝑦 − 6) − (4𝑥 − 3𝑦 − 3) = 0
4𝑥 + 4𝑦 − 24 − 4𝑥 + 3𝑦 + 3 = 0
7𝑦 − 21 = 0
7𝑦 = 21
𝑦=3
And so
𝑥+3−6 =0
𝑥−3=0
𝑥 = 3.
Then, the third point is (3,3).
Now, by shoelace method
𝑥 6 6 3 6
𝑦 0 7 3 0
1
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 = |(6)(7) + (6)(3) + (3)(0) − (0)(6) − (7)(3) − (3)(6)|
2
1
= |42 + 18 + 0 − 0 − 21 − 18|
2
1 21 1
= |21| = = 10 = 10.5
2 2 2

15. 7 coins are tossed. Determine the probability that there are more heads than there are tails.
Answer: 1/2
Solution:
Note that the probability of getting heads is ½ and the probability of getting tails is ½ as well.
Also, more heads than there are tails mean 4 heads and 3 tails, 5 heads and 2 tails, 6 heads and
1 tail, and 7 heads and no tails.
 Thus
1 7 7 7 7 7
( ) (( ) + ( ) + ( ) + ( ))
2 4 5 6 7
1
= 7 (35 + 21 + 7 + 1)
2
1
= 7 (64)
2
64 1
= =
128 2

Or
Since 7 is odd, then it is always the case that either there are more heads or there are more
tails.
Thus ½.

16. A large water tank is connected to three different pipes. Two of which are used to fill the tank,
and one is used to empty it. Pipe 𝐴 can fill the empty tank in 24 hours, while Pipe 𝐵 can fill the
empty tank in 28 hours. Pipe 𝐶 on the other hand is used to empty a full tank in 42 hours. If the
tank is initially empty, how long (in hours) will it take to fill the tank with all three pipes open?
56 2
Answer: 3 or 18 3
Solution:
Note that even though there are 3 different pipes, it is the same tank that they are involved in.
Thus, we can immediately solve the rate by
1 1 56 2
= = = 18
1 1 1 3 3 3
24 + 28 − 42 56
17. A quadratic expression (expression in the form 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐) was listed. Agnes copied the
expression but made a mistake in writing the coefficient of the second term. When she factored
it, she got (𝑥 + 14)(𝑥 + 4). Bella also copied the expression but made a mistake in writing the
constant term. When she factored it, she got (𝑥 + 3)(𝑥 + 12). Determine the correct factors of
the expression.
Answer: (𝑥 + 7)(𝑥 + 8) or (𝑥 + 8)(𝑥 + 7)
Solution:
Note that
(𝑥 + 14)(𝑥 + 4) = 𝑥 2 + 18𝑥 + 56
And the mistake here is the coefficient of the second term, which means the first and the last
terms are correct.
Also,
(𝑥 + 3)(𝑥 + 12) = 𝑥 2 + 15𝑥 + 36
And the mistake here is the constant term, which means the first and the second terms are
correct.
Now, joining the correct terms,
𝑥 2 + 15𝑥 + 56
And so, the correct factors are
(𝑥 + 7)(𝑥 + 8).
18. When the expression (4𝑥 + 𝑛) is expanded, the coefficients of 𝑥 4 and 𝑥 3 are the same.
5

Determine the value of 𝑛.

Answer: 2
Solution:
By using the binomial expansion formula
 𝑛
( ) 𝑎𝑘 𝑏 𝑛−𝑘
𝑘
We have
5
( ) (4𝑥)4 𝑛5−4
4
= 5(256𝑥 4 )𝑛
= 1280𝑛𝑥 4
And
5
( ) (4𝑥)3 𝑛5−3
3
= 10(64𝑥 3 )𝑛2
= 640𝑛2 𝑥 3
Thus
640𝑛2 = 1280𝑛
𝑛 = 2.
19. How many ways are there to rearrange the letters in COEFFICIENT?
Answer: 2494800
Solution:
There are 11 letters with 4 pairs of identical letters.
Thus
11! 11 × 10 × 9 × 8 × 7!
= = 11 × 5 × 9 × 7!
2! 2! 2! 2! 2×2×2×2
= 495 × 5040 = 2494800
20. A certain task is to be done by 𝐴, 𝐵, 𝐶, and 𝐷 multiple times individually. The tally of the
number of successful tasks out of the first 100 is as follows: 60 for person 𝐴, 75 for person 𝐵,
70 for person 𝐶, 55 for person 𝐷.
Determine the probability that at least one of them is able to finish the 101st task successfully.
Answer: 1973/2000
Solution:
Using complement probability, the probability of each of them failing is
40 2
𝐴= =
100 5
25 1
𝐵= =
100 4
30 3
𝐶= =
100 10
45 9
𝐷= = .
100 20
Then
2 1 3 9 27 1973
1 − (( ) ( ) ( ) ( )) = 1 − = .
5 4 10 20 2000 2000

21. Determine the minimum value of 7𝑥 4 + 28𝑥 3 + 42𝑥 2 + 28𝑥 + 9.

Answer: 2
Solution:
Note that we can simplify the expression as
7(𝑥 4 + 4𝑥 3 + 6𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 1) + 2
= 7(𝑥 + 1)4 + 2
Thus, the minimum is 2.
22. The Color Game is a common Filipino gambling game in using three six-sided dice, each having
6 colors (red, blue, green, white, pink, and yellow) on each side.
 The game itself is played by gambling on a certain color, followed by the rolling of all three dice
simultaneously. The prizing is as follows:
None of the results are the gambled color: The bet amount is lost.
1 of the results is the gambled color: The bet amount is returned.
2 of the results are the gambled color: The bet amount is doubled.
3 of the results are the gambled color: The bet amount is tripled.
Suppose you have $1000 and plan to play 1000 times, betting $1 each time. How much money
are you expected to have at the end of all the games?
Answer: 500
Solution:
Note that the probability of getting the right color is 1/6, and the probability of getting the
wrong color is 5/6.
Then if:
None of the results are the gambled color, then
3
3 5 125
( ) ( ) (−1) = −
0 6 216
One of the results are the gambled color, then
2
3 1 5 0
( ) ( ) ( ) (0) =
1 6 6 216
Two of the results are the gambled color, then
2
3 1 5 15
( ) ( ) ( ) (1) =
2 6 6 216
Three of the results are the gambled color, then
3
3 1 2
( ) ( ) (2) =
3 6 216
Thus, expected money to have will be
125 0 15 2
1000 + 1000 (− + + + )
216 216 216 216
108
= 1000 + 1000 (− )
216
= 1000 − 500
= 500.

23. Determine the coefficient of 𝑥 2023 on the expansion of (𝑥 + 3)2025 .

Answer: 18443700
Solution:
Recall the formula
𝑛
( ) 𝑎𝑘 𝑏 𝑛−𝑘
𝑘
Then
2025 2023 (3)2025−2023
( )𝑥
2023
2025 × 2024 2023 2
= 𝑥 (3)
2
= 2025 × 1012 × 9𝑥 2023
= 18443700𝑥 2023
Thus, 18443700.
24. It is known that the expression √43 + 42√43 + 42√43 + 42√… can be expressed as a rational
number. Determine that rational number.
Answer: 43
Solution:

Let 𝑥 = √43 + 42√43 + 42√43 + 42√…

Then
𝑥 = √43 + 42𝑥
𝑥 2 = 43 + 42𝑥
2
𝑥 − 42𝑥 − 43 = 0.
(𝑥 + 1)(𝑥 − 43) = 0
By principal root, 𝑥 = 43.
25. It is known that |𝑥| = 𝑥 and |−𝑥| = 𝑥. For a real number 𝑥, determine the minimum value of
|𝑥 + 1| + |𝑥 + 2| + |𝑥 + 3| + |𝑥 + 4| + ⋯ + |𝑥 + 2025|.
Answer: 1025156
Solution:
Note that to get the minimum of expressions such as these, 𝑥 must be set to be at the median
term, and that is 𝑥 + 1013 = 0 or 𝑥 = −1013.
Thus
|𝑥 + 1| + |𝑥 + 2| + |𝑥 + 3| + |𝑥 + 4| + ⋯ + |𝑥 + 2025|
= |−1013 + 1| + |−1013 + 2| + |−1013 + 3| + |−1013 + 4| + ⋯ + |−1013 + 2025|
= |−1012| + |−1011| + |−1010| + |−1009| + ⋯ + |1012|
= 1012 + 1011 + 1010 + 1009 + ⋯+1012
= 2(𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑢𝑚 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 1 𝑡𝑜 1012)
(1012)(1013)
= 2( )
2
= 1012 × 1013
= 1025156