Diploma Engineering

Laboratory Manual
(Design of Machine Elements)
(4361903)

[Mechanical sem-6]
Enrolment No
Name
Branch
Academic Term
Institute

Directorate Of Technical Education

Gandhinagar - Gujarat
Design of Machine Elements (4361903)

Design of Machine Elements

(4361903)
Laboratory Manual is Prepared By
Prof. (Dr) J. B. Patel
Lecturer in Mechanical Engineering.
Sir Bhavsinhji Polytechnic Institute, Bhavnagar
Prof. D. A. Solanki
Lecturer in Mechanical Engineering
Government Polytechnic, Porbandar

Mr. Mayank. M. Boda

Lecturer in Mechanical Engineering
Government Polytechnic, Jamnagar

Branch Coordinator
Dr. Pinkesh R. Shah
Lecturer in Mechanical Engineering
Government Polytechnic Kheda

Committee Chairman
Shri R. D. Raghani
(HOD-EC)
Principal (I/C)
Government Polytechnic, Gandhinagar
Design of Machine Elements (4361903)

DTE’s Vision:
To facilitate quality technical and professional education having relevance for
both industry and society, with moral and ethical values, giving equal
opportunity and access, aiming to prepare globally competent technocrats.

DTE’s Mission:
1.Quality technical and professional education with continuous improvement
of all the resources and personnel
2.To promote conducive ecosystem for Academic, Industry, Research,
Innovations and Startups
3.To provide affordable quality professional education with moral values,
equal opportunities, accessibility and accountability
4.To allocate competent and dedicated human resources and infrastructure
to the institutions for providing world-class professional education to become
a Global Leader (“Vishwa Guru”)

Institute’s Vision:

Institute’s Mission:

Department’s Vision:

Department’s Mission:
Design of Machine Elements (4361903)

Certificate

This is to certify that Mr./Ms ………………………………………………………………….

Enrollment No. ………….……………. of …….………. Semester of Diploma
in……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……..of
………………………………………………………………………. (GTU Code) has satisfactorily completed the
term work in course ………………………………………………………………………………for the academic year:
…………………… Term: Odd/Evenprescribed in the GTU curriculum.

Place:…………………..

Date: …………………..

Signature of Course Faculty Head of the Department

Design of Machine Elements (4361903)

Preface
The primary aim of any laboratory/Practical/field work is enhancement of required skills as
well as creative ability amongst students to solve real time problems by developing relevant
competencies in psychomotor domain. Keeping in view, GTU has designed competency focused
outcome-based curriculum -2021 (COGC-2021) for Diploma engineering programmes. In this more
time is allotted to practical work than theory. It shows importance of enhancement of skills amongst
students and it pays attention to utilize every second of time allotted for practical amongst Students,
Instructors and Lecturers to achieve relevant outcomes by performing rather than writing practice in
study type. It is essential for effective implementation of competency focused outcome- based Green
curriculum-2021. Every practical has been keenly designed to serve as a tool to develop & enhance
relevant industry needed competency in each and every student. These psychomotor skills are very
difficult to develop through traditional chalk and board content delivery method in the classroom.
Accordingly, this lab manual has been designed to focus on the industry defined relevant outcomes,
rather than old practice of conducting practical to prove concept and theory.

By using this lab manual, students can read procedure one day in advance to actual
performance day of practical experiment which generates interest and also, they can have idea of
judgement of magnitude prior to performance. This in turn enhances predetermined outcomes
amongst students. Each and every Experiment /Practical in this manual begins by competency, industry
relevant skills, course outcomes as well as practical outcomes which serve as a key role for doing the
practical. The students will also have a clear idea of safety and necessary precautions to be taken while
performing experiment.

This manual also provides guidelines to lecturers to facilitate student-cantered lab activities
for each practical/experiment by arranging and managing necessary resources in order that the
students follow the procedures with required safety and necessary precautions to achieve outcomes.
It also gives an idea that how students will be assessed by providing Rubrics.

This lab manual provides the students’ knowledge of design process, as well as familiarity with
design of components subjected to various stresses and moments like direct stress, bending stress,
twisting moment and combined stresses. In lab students will learn design of machine
components/elements like cotter joint, knuckle joint, power screw, levers, helical and leaf springs,
couplings, pressure vessels, bearings, etc. Although we try our level best to design this lab manual, but
always there are chances of improvement. We welcome any suggestions for improvement.

4 | Page
Design of Machine Elements (4361903)

Programme Outcomes (POs) :

1. Basic and Discipline specific knowledge: Apply knowledge of basic mathematics, science
and engineering fundamentals and engineering specialization to solve the engineering
problems.

2. Problem analysis: Identify and analyse well-defined engineering problems using codified
standard methods.

3. Design/ development of solutions: Design solutions for engineering well-defined technical

problems and assist with the design of systems components or processes to meet specified
needs.

4. Engineering Tools, Experimentation and Testing: Apply modern engineering tools and
appropriate technique to conduct standard tests and measurements.

5. Engineering practices for society, sustainability and environment: Apply appropriate

technology in context of society, sustainability, environment and ethical practices.

6. Project Management: Use engineering management principles individually, as a team

member or a leader to manage projects and effectively communicate about well-defined
engineering activities.

7. Life-long learning: Ability to analyze individual needs and engage in updating in the context
of technological changes in field of engineering.

5 | Page
Design of Machine Elements (4361903)

Practical Outcome - Course Outcome matrix

Course Outcomes (COs):

a. CO1 Identify various failures and its resisting areas of machine element.

b. CO2 Make use of preferred number for standardization of element dimensions in given range.

c. CO3 Design machine element subjected to Direct, Bending, Twisting and Combined load.

d. CO4 Determine the safe dimensions of thin and thick cylinder pressure vessel.

e. CO5 Calculate important characteristics of sliding and antifriction bearing.

CO1 CO2 CO3 CO4 CO5

S. No. Practical Outcome/Title of experiment

Preparatory Activity
1. ✔

2. Standardization using preferred number ✔

3. Design of simple components subjected to ✔

direct load

4. Design of simple components subjected to ✔

bending load

Design of simple components subjected to

5. ✔
twisting moment

Design of simple components subjected to

6. ✔
eccentric load
7. Design of Cotter joint
✔

8. Design of Knuckle joint

✔

Design of Flange coupling

9. ✔

10. Production drawings of design assemblies

✔

Design of pressure vessel

11. ✔

12. Calculation of features/characteristics of ✔

Bearings

6 | Page
Design of Machine Elements (4361903)

Industry Relevant Skills

The following industry relevant skills are expected to be developed in the students by
performance of experiments of this course.

1. Select appropriate material for specific application.

2. Understand the type of failure for given boundary and loading conditions.
3. Design a simple machine part for the given loading conditions.

Guidelines to Course Faculty

1. Couse faculty should demonstrate experiment with all necessary implementation strategies
described in curriculum.
2. Couse faculty should explain industrial relevance before starting of each experiment.
3. Course faculty should Involve & give opportunity to all students for hands on experience.
4. Course faculty should ensure mentioned skills are developed in the students by asking.
5. Utilise 2 hrs of lab hours effectively and ensure completion of write up with quiz also.
6. Encourage peer to peer learning by doing same experiment through fast learners.
7. Demonstrate Use of design data book wherever applicable.
8. Instruct the students to solve the problems and sketches in file pages in the form of term work.
9. Faculties have freedom to make changes in problems.

Instructions for Students

1. Organize the work in the group and make record of all observations.
2. Students shall develop maintenance skill as expected by industries.
3. Student shall attempt to develop related hand-on skills and build confidence.
4. Student shall develop the habits of evolving more ideas, innovations, skills etc.
5. Student shall refer technical magazines and data books.
6. Student should develop habit to submit the practical on date and time.
10. Student should well prepare while submitting write-up of exercise.
11. Student must practice all the problems in laboratory by using calculators.
12. Student must draw all the figures and sketches in the laboratory.
13. Student must solve and sketch all the practical’s problems in file pages.

7 | Page
Design of Machine Elements (4361903)

Continuous Assessment Sheet

Enrolment No: Name
Name: Term:

Sr no Practical Outcome/Title of experiment Marks Sign

Page Date

1 Preparatory Activity

2 Standardization using preferred number

Design of simple components subjected to direct

3 load

4 Design of simple components subjected to

bending load

5 Design of simple components subjected to

twisting moment

6 Design of simple components subjected to

eccentric load
7 Design of Cotter joint

8 Design of Knuckle joint

9 Design of Flange coupling

10 Production drawings of design assemblies

11 Design of pressure vessel

12 Calculation of features/characteristics of Bearings

TOTAL MARKS
TOTAL MARKS (converted out of 25)

8 | Page
Design of Machine Elements (4361903)

Date: ……………
Practical No.1: Preparatory Activity

A. Objective:
To recall the basics of units, type of materials and its properties, formulas of area,
volume, section modulus, moment of inertia, radius of gyration, etc. for commonly
used various section and basics of engineering drawing.

B. Expected Program Outcomes (POs)

PO1, PO2
C. Expected Skills to be developed based on competency:
1. Knowledge of basics of materials, its properties.
2. Basic formulas for designing the mechanical components.

D. Expected Course Outcome (Cos)

CO1-Identify various failures and its resisting areas of machine element.
E. Practical Outcome (PRo)
1. convert the units from one unit system to another.
2. List and recall normal values of material properties and formulas.
3. recall basics of engineering drawing.
F. Expected Affective domain Outcome (ADos)
1. Follow ethical practices
F. Prerequisite Theory:
1. Interpret and write various course related SI units and their conversions.
2. Write normal values of ultimate tensile strength, yield strength, density,
modulus of elasticity and Poisson’s ratio of commonly used materials (at least
10).
3. List normal values of factor of safety for different situations.
4. Recall area, volume, section modulus, moment of inertia, radius of gyration, etc.
for commonly used various section and shapes.
5. Draw orthographic projections symbols.
6. Draw symbols of threads, surface roughness, geometrical tolerances symbols,
section lines, etc.
7. Recall by sketching the general systems for limits, fits and tolerances.

9 | Page
Design of Machine Elements (4361903)

G. Assessment-Rubrics
Name of Student:
Enrolment no.:
CRITERIA RATING SCALE Marks
AND
WEIGHTAGE NEED
EXCELLENT VERY GOOD
GOOD (3) FAIR (2)
IMPROVEMENT
(5) (4)
(1)
Knowledge Student has Student has Student has Student has Student has
excellent very good good fair poor
knowledge knowledge knowledge knowledge knowledge of
of concept of concept of concept of concept concept

Quality of Student has Student has Student has Student has Student has
Report Quality of Quality of Quality of Quality of Quality of
Report Report Very Report Good Report Fair Report Poor
Excellent Good

Participation Student has Student has Student has Student has Student has
excellent very good good fair poor
Participation Participation Participation Participation Participation

Punctuality Student Student Student Student Student is not

display display Very display good display fair punctual
excellent good punctuality punctuality
punctuality punctuality

Ethical Student Student Student Student Student display

practice display display Very display display Fair Poor
excellent Good Good Ethical Ethical practice
Ethical Ethical Ethical practice
practice practice practice

Total Marks _____/25

Sign with Date

10 | Page
Design of Machine Elements (4361903)

Date: ……………
Practical No.2: Standardization using preferred number

A. Objective:
Select standard items and preferred numbers for designing simple machine
elements.

B. Expected Program Outcomes (POs)

PO1, PO2, PO5
C. Expected Skills to be developed based on competency:
1. To standardise the machine parts
2. To decide the preferred series for machine parts.
3. To decide the sizes for production of machine parts.

D. Expected Course Outcomes (Cos)

CO2-Make use of preferred number for standardization of element dimensions in
given range.
E. Practical Outcome (PRo)
Students will be able to learn about standardization of machine parts and how to
find the sizes of machine parts.

F. Expected Affective domain Outcome (ADos)

1. Follow ethical practices.
2. Follow standardization.
3. Work as a leader/ team member.
4. Follow Environment sustainability and environment consciousness
G. Prerequisite Theory:
Teacher has to explain following theories during lab sessions.
- Discuss the role of preferred numbers.
- Explain how preferred numbers are selected.
- Explain the meaning of basic series and derived series.
- Mention practical application of basic series and derived series.
- Solve numerical problem on each basic series and preferred numbers (teacher
may consider to solve following problems).

11 | Page
Design of Machine Elements (4361903)

1. Standardize 6 sizes for minimum diameter 10mm and maximum diameter 32mm
round bar.
2. Write R10/3 series for numbers between 10 to 100.

૩. In a machine tool 8 different speeds are required. If the maximum and minimum
speeds are 710 RPM and 50 RPM respectively, determine the 8-standard series.
4. Find six standard speeds between 224 to 710 RPM.
5. It is required to standardize the load carrying capacity of truck in a manufacturing
plant. The maximum and minimum capacities of such dampers are 40 and 630 kN
respectively. The company is interested to developing seven models in this range.
Specify their load carrying capacities.
6. A company is interested to manufacture seven different model of electric motor
ranging from 0.5 to 50 kW. Specify the size of electric motor.
7. manufacturer is interested to develop five models of tractor ranging from 7.5 kW
to 75 kW capacities. Specify the power capacities of model.
H. Conclusion

I. Practical related Quiz.

1. What do you mean by standardization?
2. What do you mean by preferred numbers? Explain in detail.
3. List the applications of preferred numbers.

J. References / Suggestions
I. https://youtu.be/m9l1tVXyFp8
II. https://youtu.be/jolY82CpmGo
III. https://youtu.be/yH04FSBiCdk

students should search and list five engineering products in which standardization
and preferred numbers are used.

12 | Page
Design of Machine Elements (4361903)

K. Assessment-Rubrics
Name of Student:
Enrolment no.:
CRITERIA AND RATING SCALE Marks
WEIGHTAGE
NEED
EXCELLENT VERY GOOD
GOOD (3) FAIR (2)
IMPROVEMENT
(5) (4)
(1)
Knowledge Student has Student has Student has Student has Student has
excellent very good good fair poor
knowledge knowledge knowledge knowledge knowledge of
of concept of concept of concept of concept concept

Quality of Student has Student has Student has Student has Student has
Report Quality of Quality of Quality of Quality of Quality of
Report Report Very Report Good Report Fair Report Poor
Excellent Good

Participation Student has Student has Student has Student has Student has
(calculation excellent very good good fair poor
ability) Participation Participation Participation Participation Participation

Punctuality Student Student Student Student Student is not

display display Very display good display fair punctual
excellent good punctuality punctuality
punctuality punctuality

Ethical Student Student Student Student Student display

practice display display Very display display Fair Poor
excellent Good Good Ethical Ethical practice
Ethical Ethical Ethical practice
practice practice practice

Total Marks _____/25

Sign with Date

13 | Page
Design of Machine Elements (4361903)

Date: ……………
Practical No.3: Design of simple components subjected to direct load

L. Objective:
Students will be able to design simple components with direct loading.

M. Expected Program Outcomes (POs)

PO1, PO2, PO3, PO4, PO5, PO7
N. Expected Skills to be developed based on competency:
1. To standardise the machine parts
2. To decide the preferred series for machine parts.
3. To decide the sizes for production of machine parts.

O. Expected Course Outcomes (Cos)

CO3-Design machine element subjected to Direct, Bending, Twisting and Combined
load
P. Practical Outcome (PRo)
1. Understand direct loading conditions
2. Calculate stresses induced due to direct loads
3. Design the components under direct loading.

Q. Expected Affective domain Outcome (ADos)

1. Follow ethical practices.
2. Follow standardization.
3. Work as a leader/ team member.
4. Follow Environment sustainability and environment consciousness
R. Prerequisite Theory:
Teacher has to explain related theories of direct loading, stresses generated due to
direct loading and the resulting failures. (Teacher may increase/decrease number
of problems) (students may use file pages for submitting the solution of problems)
1. A C15 rod is subjected to tensile load of ….KN. Determine diameter of rod if
factor of safety is…… (teacher will assign required data).
2. Determine the force required to cut the 60mm diameter blank from 5mm thick
plate. Ultimate shear stress for the plate material is 350 N/mm2
3. A solid shaft is transmitting 1 MW power at 240 rpm. Determine the diameter
of shaft if maximum torque transmitted exceeds the mean torque by 20%.
Maximum shear stress=60 MPa.

14 | Page
Design of Machine Elements (4361903)

4. A C.I flanged coupling is transmitting 11 KW at 500 RPM permissible shear stress

for the shaft and bolt material is 60 MPa and 40MPa respectively, permissible
crushing stress for the both is 100 MPa and permissible shear stress for hub
material is 6 MPa. Design for 25 % overload capacity. Determine shaft diameter,
Diameter of Hub, No. Of bolts, bolt diameter. Take necessary assumptions.
5. Find the efficiency of the single riveted lap joint of 6 mm plates with 20 mm
diameter rivets having a pitch of 50 mm if ultimate tensile, shear and crushing
stress is 120, 90 and 180 MPa respectively.
6. A triple riveted double cover plates chain type butt joint is to be designed for
joining two plates of 10 mm thickness. Calculate the rivet diameter, pitch and
the efficiency of joint. Take [σt] = 100 N/mm2 [τ]= 80 N/mm2 [σc] = 155 n /mm2.

7. In a double riveted butt joint with two equal cover strips, having zigzag
arrangement of riveting the thickness of the plate 9 mm. Consider allowable
tensile, crushing and shear stress are 100 MPa, 150 MPa and 80 MPa
respectively. Calculate: - i) diameter of rivet and ii) pitch of rivet joint.
S. Conclusion

T. Practical related Quiz.

1. Draw the neat sketch of double cover, double riveted butt joint with zigzag
pattern. (Two views).

2. Two 12 mm thick plates are joined with single riveted lap joint using 15 mm
rivet diameter. If the pitch for the rivet is 50 mm, determine the strength of
the joint. [τ] = 90 N/mm2, [σc] = 160 N/mm2.

U. References / Suggestions
I. https://youtu.be/OT6VcqvOoGY
II. https://youtu.be/J9Aj17MAyLY
III. https://youtu.be/C5ZPaCvoigw

students should search animations and list five engineering products which are
subjected to pure direct loading.

15 | Page
Design of Machine Elements (4361903)

V. Assessment-Rubrics
Name of Student:
Enrolment no.:

CRITERIA AND RATING SCALE Marks

WEIGHTAGE

NEED
EXCELLENT (5) VERY GOOD (4) GOOD (3) FAIR (2)
IMPROVEMENT (1)

Quality of Student has Student has Student has Student has Student has
Report Quality of Quality of Quality of Quality of Report Quality of Report
Report Excellent Report Very Report Good Fair Poor
Good

solution Student has Student has very Student has Student has fair Student has poor
excellent good calculation good calculation and calculation and
calculation and and solution calculation and solution skills solution skills
solution skills skills solution skills

Representation Student has Student has very Student has Student has Fair Student has poor
excellent good good Representation Representation
Representation Representation Representation skills skills
skills skills skills

application Applies all Applies most Applies some Applies very few Applies no
concepts/princip concepts/princip concepts/princi concepts/principl concepts/principl
les necessary to les necessary to ples necessary es necessary to es necessary to
solve problem(s) solve problem(s) to solve solve problem(s) solve problem(s)
problem(s)

Punctuality Student display Student display Student display Student display Student is not
excellent Very good good fair punctuality punctual
punctuality punctuality punctuality

_____/25
Total Marks

Sign with Date

16 | Page
Design of Machine Elements (4361903)

Date: ……………
Practical No.4: Design of simple components subjected to bending load.

H. Objective:

• Determine the effort required to lift given load using lever.

• Calculate the dimension of fulcrum pin of lever.
• Calculate the required cross sectional area of lever to lift given load.
• Determine the required number of leaves of spring to lift given load.
• Calculate the deflection of spring under central axial load.
I. Expected Program Outcomes (POs): PO1, PO2, PO3, PO4, PO5 & PO7

J. Expected Skills to be developed based on competency:

Ability to design simple machine components subjected to bending load.
K. Expected Course Outcomes(Cos)

• CO3 Design machine element subjected to Direct, Bending, Twisting and

Combined load.
L. Practical Outcome(PRo)
Calculate the dimension of lever for working under given load condition.
Calculate required number of leaves and dimensions of leaf for safely operation of
spring under given load condition.
M. Expected Affective domain Outcome(ADos)
Design of lever and leaf spring for safe operation under given loading condition.
N. Prerequisite Theory:
When element is subjected to pure bending following basic equation is used to
design such part.
𝑀𝑏 𝜎𝑏 𝐸
= =
𝐼 𝑦 𝑅
Where,
𝑀𝑏 = bending moment due to external load, N.mm
𝐼 = moment of inertia for the cross section of the beam, mm4
𝜎𝑏 =bending stress, N/mm2
𝑦 =distance of fibre from the neutral axis of the cross section of beam, mm
𝐸 =modulus of elasticity, N/mm2

17 | Page
Design of Machine Elements (4361903)

𝑅 =radius of curvature, mm
O. Problem data:
1. Fulcrum pin of a bell crank lever is to be designed where 7000N load acting on
longer arm is to be lifted. The length of arms is 400 mm & 100 mm. [τ] = 50
N/mm^2, [6t] = 70 N/mm^2 & [Pb] = 15 N/mm^2. Find diameter and length of
fulcrum pin
2. Design a fulcrum pin of a right angled bell crank lever to raise a vertical load of
6 KN at longer arm. The arm lengths are 600 mm & 200 mm. The stresses are
[6t] = 100 N/mm2, [Pb] = 15 N/mm2 & [τ] = 50 N/mm2. Neglect bending. (Assume
l/d = 1.25)
3. The length of vertical arm of a bell crank lever of a Hartnell governor is L1 mm
and the length of horizontal arm is L2 mm. W kN centrifugal force is acting on
the ball arm. Design the lever including fulcrum pin. Allowable tensile stress for
lever material is [σb]. Permissible bearing pressure for the bush is [pb] and
permissible shear stress for the pin [τ] = 40N/mm2. For rectangular cross section
h = 2b and L= 2d for pin. Take required data from following table.
Table 4.1 Data for Example number 3

Length of Length of Tensile Bearing

Last two
Last digit of Load vertical horizontal stress, Pressure,
digit of
Enrollment W arm, L1 arm, L2 σb pb
Enrollment
No. (kN) (mm) (mm) (MPa) (MPa)
No.

1 1.5 120 100 01 - 10 60 30

2 2.0 120 100 11 - 20 70 30

3 2.5 120 100 21 - 30 55 30

4 1.5 120 80 31 - 40 60 25

5 2.0 120 80 41 - 50 70 25

6 2.5 120 80 51 - 60 75 25

7 1.5 130 90 61 - 70 60 35

8 2.0 130 90 71 - 80 70 35

9 2.5 130 90 81 - 90 75 35

0 2.0 130 80 91 – 99, 00 55 35

Use last digit of your enrolment no for value of load, vertical arm and horizontal
arm.

18 | Page
Design of Machine Elements (4361903)

Use last two digit of your enrolment number for value of tensile stress and
bearing pressure.
4. A semi elliptical spring with 900 mm span and 55 mm width of leaves is fixed in
the centre using 50 mm wide bend. If thickness of each leaf is 5 mm, find
number of leaves to sustain 5500 N load in the centre. [6b]= 490N/mm^2. Also
find deflection of the spring. First 2 leaves are full length. E=210 kN/mm^2
5. Determine bending stress induced in a semi elliptical leaf spring from following
data.(i) Central Load = 10 KN(ii)Effective span = 1000 mm(iii) Width of leaves =
50 mm(iv) Thickness of leaves = 5 mm(v) Total Numbers of leaves = 10 (
including 2 extra full length leaves). Also find deflection of spring if E = 2 X 105
MPa
6. A semi elliptical spring has 12 total leaves. First two leaves are of full length and
rest of the leaves have graduated leaves. The spring span is 1100 mm and the
width of the middle bend clip is 90 mm. Maximum load on the spring is 6 kN.
Permissible bending stress for the spring is 300 N/mm2.If the ratio of total
thickness of the spring to the width of leaves is 1.5:1, Determine thickness and
width of the leaves. Also find the maximum deflection of the spring. E=2.1x 10 5
N/mm2

P. Practical related Quiz.

1. State the modulus of section with neat sketch for the following cross sections.
a) Hollow Rectangular Cross Section (b) Elliptical Cross Section (c.) Hollow
Circular Cross Section
2. Classify levers based on fulcrum position and explain in brief.
3. Why brass / bronze material is used in hole of lever at fulcrum pin?
4. Draw neat sketch of a Semi Elliptical Leaf Spring. Label its various parts.
5. State types and applications of leaf springs.
Q. References / Suggestions
https://youtu.be/r04WynzyK-U
https://youtu.be/DoT99Z6ImOs
https://youtu.be/fPLZQIqiLP4

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Design of Machine Elements (4361903)

R. Assessment-Rubrics
Name of Students:
Enrolment no.:
CRITERIA and EXCELLENT VERY GOOD GOOD FAIR NEED Marks
% IMPROVEMENT
WEIGHTAGE
Design of Calculation is Calculation is Calculation is Calculation Calculation is
parts carried out step carried out carried out is carried carried out step
by step with no with 20% with 20% out with by step with
mathematical mathematical mathematical 30% more than 30%
error and given error or given error and mathemati mathematical
data is written data is not given data is cal error error
properly written not written
properly properly
150 % 7.5 6.0 4.5 3.0 1.5
Writing skill Professional One of the Two of the Three of All the things are
looking. thing is things are the things missing.
Accurate missing. missing. are
representation missing.
of the result
with proper unit.
Use of proper
notation.
Page number is
given in proper
manner.
75 % 3.75 3.0 2.25 1.5 0.75
Solving ability Solve the Need little bit Need little bit Need help Not able to solve
problem without of help of of help of of faculty without help of
help of any one faculty or faculty or to solve faculty
colleagues colleagues problem
100 % 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0
Punctuality Assignment Assignment Assignment Assignmen Assignment work
work is work is late work is late t work is is late by more
completed by 2 days by 3 days late by 4 than 4 days
within time limit days
100 % 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0
Final Final summery 90% of all the 80% of all the Final Final summery of
Summery of all the dimensions dimensions summery all the
dimensions are are are of all the dimensions are
represented in represented represented dimension missing
tabulated form in tabulated in tabulated s are
with proper form with form with represente
notation and proper proper d without
units. notation and notation and proper
units. units. units
75 % 3.75 3.0 2.25 1.5 0.75
Total

Sign with Date

20 | Page
Design of Machine Elements (4361903)

Date: ……………
Practical No.5: Design of simple components subjected to twisting moment

A. Objective:

• Calculate the dimension of shaft and key used to transmit required power.
• Determine the spring and wire diameter of helical spring to take given axial
load.
• Calculate the deflection of helical spring subjected to axial load.
B. Expected Program Outcomes (POs): PO1, PO2, PO3, PO4, PO5 & PO7

C. Expected Skills to be developed based on competency:

Ability to design simple machine components subjected to twisting moment.
D. Expected Course Outcomes (Cos)

• CO3- Design machine element subjected to Direct, Bending, Twisting and

Combined load.
E. Practical Outcome (PRo)
Calculate the dimension of the shaft and key to transmit required power at given
speed.
Design helical spring operating under given axial load.
F. Expected Affective domain Outcome (ADos)
Design of shaft and key to transmit given power safely.
Design of safe helical spring to take given axial load.
G. Prerequisite Theory:
When element is subjected to twisting moment following basic equation is used to
design such part.
𝑀𝑡 𝜏 𝐺𝜃
= =
𝐽 𝑟 𝐿
Where,
𝑀𝑡 = torque or twisting moment acting on member, N.mm
𝐽 = polar moment of inertia, mm4
𝜏 = shear stress, N/mm2
𝑟 = radius of the section, mm
𝐺 = modulus of rigidity, N/mm2

21 | Page
Design of Machine Elements (4361903)

𝜃 = Angle of twist, radian

𝐿 = length of twist, mm

H. Problem data:
1. A solid shaft is transmitting 1 MW power at 240 R.P.M. Determine diameter of shaft
if maximum torque transmitted exceeds mean torque by 20%. Assume maximum
allowable shear stress as 60 MPa.
2. A hollow shaft 200 mm inside diameter and 300 mm outside diameter transmits
2500 KW at 200 RPM. Calculate the stress induced in shaft.
3. Solid shaft is subjected to bending moment of 3.46 kN.m and torque of 11.5 kN.m .
6ut =690 Mpa. Ultimate τ = 516 Mpa. Find shaft diameter by equivalent torque if
factor of safety is 6.
4. A pulley is fixed on a 100 mm diameter shaft with the help of 100 mm long key. The
shaft transmit 6000 N.m torque with this key. Find dimension of key if 6uc =500
N/mm^2 and Ultimate τ = 250 N/mm^2. Factor of safety is 5.
5. A closed coil helical spring operates for the load range of 2000 N to 2500 N . The
deflection is 6 mm. Mean diameter of coil is 36 mm and spring index is 6. G =
0.83x105 N/mm2. Determine wire diameter and number of active coils.
6. For Closed coil helical spring, find spring wire diameter & no. of active turns of coil
from following data. (i) Load Range = 2.25 KN to 2.75 KN (ii) Spring Deflection for
above load range = 6 mm (iii) Spring Index = 5 (iv) Shear Stress for spring = 420
N/mm2 (v) Modulus of Rigidity, G = 84 KN/mm2
7. A valve spring having inner diameter of a coil 40 mm, deflects for 40 mm at the
maximum axial load of 500 N. Find wire diameter and number of turns for the
spring. [τ] = 300 N/mm^2 , spring index =6 and G = 0.82 x 10^5 N/mm^2

I. Practical related Quiz.

1. State fundamental equation of twisting moment.
2. Differentiate between shaft, axle and spindle
3. List types of shafts. Normally which material is used as a shaft material?
4. Explain with the help of neat sketch the difference between solid length &
free length for a compression spring.
J. References / Suggestions
https://youtu.be/G0bShPqHn5c
https://youtu.be/QfhIea6KzZA

22 | Page
Design of Machine Elements (4361903)

K. Assessment-Rubrics
Name of Student :
Enrolment no.:
CRITERIA and % EXCELLENT VERY GOOD GOOD FAIR NEED Marks
WEIGHTAGE IMPROVEMENT
Design of Calculation is Calculation is Calculation is Calculation Calculation is
parts carried out step carried out carried out is carried carried out step
by step with no with 20% with 20% out with by step with
mathematical mathematical mathematical 30% more than 30%
error and given error or given error and mathemati mathematical
data is written data is not given data is cal error error
properly written not written
properly properly
150 % 7.5 6.0 4.5 3.0 1.5
Writing skill Professional One of the Two of the Three of All the things are
looking. thing is things are the things missing.
Accurate missing. missing. are
representation missing.
of the result
with proper unit.
Use of proper
notation.
Page number is
given in proper
manner.
75 % 3.75 3.0 2.25 1.5 0.75
Solving ability Solve the Need little bit Need little bit Need help Not able to solve
problem without of help of of help of of faculty without help of
help of any one faculty or faculty or to solve faculty
colleagues colleagues problem
100 % 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0
Punctuality Assignment Assignment Assignment Assignmen Assignment work
work is work is late work is late t work is is late by more
completed by 2 days by 3 days late by 4 than 4 days
within time limit days
100 % 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0
Final Final summery 90% of all the 80% of all the Final Final summery of
Summery of all the dimensions dimensions summery all the
dimensions are are are of all the dimensions are
represented in represented represented dimension missing
tabulated form in tabulated in tabulated s are
with proper form with form with represente
notation and proper proper d without
units. notation and notation and proper
units. units. units
75 % 3.75 3.0 2.25 1.5 0.75
Total

Sign with Date

23 | Page
Design of Machine Elements (4361903)

Date: ……………
Practical No.6: Design of simple components subjected to eccentric load.

A. Objective:

• Calculate stresses induced in element due to direct load.

• Calculate stresses induced in element due to bending moment.
• Determine the required dimensions of the C-Clamp, Bracket and Column of
drilling machine subjected to eccentric loading
B. Expected Program Outcomes (POs): PO1, PO2, PO3, PO4, PO5 & PO7

C. Expected Skills to be developed based on competency:

Ability to design simple machine components subjected to eccentric loading.
D. Expected Course Outcomes (Cos)

• CO3-Design machine element subjected to Direct, Bending, Twisting and

Combined load.
E. Practical Outcome (PRo)
Calculate the dimension of the machine parts to resist given eccentric load.
F. Expected Affective domain Outcome (ADos)
Design of C-Clamp, Bracket and Column of drilling machine for safe operation
under given eccentric loading condition.
G. Prerequisite Theory:
When the line of action of load does not coincide with the geometric axis of the
machine element, the load is known as eccentric load. Due to eccentric loading, the
elements are subjected to both direct as well as bending stresses.
The stresses induced at end of the fibre of section from the neutral axis is given by
𝜎1 = 𝜎𝑡1 ± 𝜎𝑡2
Where,
𝜎𝑡1 = Stress induced due to direct load
𝜎𝑡2 = Stress induced because of bending

24 | Page
Design of Machine Elements (4361903)

H. Problem data:
1. The vertical load on a “C” clamp is 30 KN. The distance between load line and
neutral axis is 200 mm. The frame is made up of Cast iron having rectangular
cross section. The height of cross section is twice the width. For “C” clamp, the
maximum safe stress is 120 N/mm2. Find the dimensions of rectangular cross
section.
2. 20 kN vertical loads are acting at the end of the “C” clamp having a rectangular
cross section. The perpendicular distance between the load axis and the neutral
axis of the cross section is 150 mm. Find the dimensions of the cross section of
the clamp for the permissible stresses of 100 N/mm^2 (h=2b)
3. The frame of C clamp has rectangular cross section of 90mm x 45mm. A
maximum clamping load of 30kN is acting at a distance of 155mm from the
inner edge of the frame. Find maximum stress and minimum stress.
4. A “L” bracket carries a load of 42 kN with rectangular cross section. Eccentricity
of load with centre of bigger side of c/s section is 75 mm. Take safe tensile stress
of 60 N/mm2. Find c/s section of bracket if h= 2b for bracket section
5. A machine frame having a rectangular cross section in which width is 1/3 of
height. 40 kN load is acting 170 mm away from machine geometrical axis. If
allowable tensile stress is 100 N/mm2 for frame material. Find frame cross
section.
6. A spindle of drilling machine is subjected to a maximum load of 10 kN During
operation. Determine the diameter of solid column. If tensile stress is 40 Mpa.
The eccentric distance is 400 mm.
7. The spindle of a drilling machine is subjected to a maximum load of 15 KN during
operation. The distance between the axis of the spindle and the axis of the
column is 350 mm. Determine the maximum and minimum stress induced in
the drilling column if the diameter of solid C.I column is 102 mm.
I. Practical related Quiz.
1. Define eccentric loading & List the machine elements subjected to eccentric
loading.
J. References / Suggestions
https://youtu.be/E0hrPYAr8pA
https://youtu.be/1oMjw1YIGwg

25 | Page
Design of Machine Elements (4361903)

K. Assessment-Rubrics
Name of Student :
Enrolment no.:
CRITERIA and EXCELLENT VERY GOOD GOOD FAIR NEED Marks
% IMPROVEMENT
WEIGHTAGE
Design of Calculation is Calculation is Calculation is Calculation Calculation is
parts carried out step carried out carried out is carried carried out step
by step with no with 20% with 20% out with by step with
mathematical mathematical mathematical 30% more than 30%
error and given error or given error and mathemati mathematical
data is written data is not given data is cal error error
properly written not written
properly properly
150 % 7.5 6.0 4.5 3.0 1.5
Writing skill Professional One of the Two of the Three of All the things are
looking. thing is things are the things missing.
Accurate missing. missing. are
representation missing.
of the result
with proper unit.
Use of proper
notation.
Page number is
given in proper
manner.
75 % 3.75 3.0 2.25 1.5 0.75
Solving ability Solve the Need little bit Need little bit Need help Not able to solve
problem without of help of of help of of faculty without help of
help of any one faculty or faculty or to solve faculty
colleagues colleagues problem
100 % 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0
Punctuality Assignment Assignment Assignment Assignmen Assignment work
work is work is late work is late t work is is late by more
completed by 2 days by 3 days late by 4 than 4 days
within time limit days
100 % 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0
Final Final summery 90% of all the 80% of all the Final Final summery of
Summery of all the dimensions dimensions summery all the
dimensions are are are of all the dimensions are
represented in represented represented dimension missing
tabulated form in tabulated in tabulated s are
with proper form with form with represente
notation and proper proper d without
units. notation and notation and proper
units. units. units
75 % 3.75 3.0 2.25 1.5 0.75
Total

Sign with Date

26 | Page
Design of Machine Elements (4361903)

Date: ……………
Practical No.7: Design of Cotter joint

A. Objective:

• Identify the parts of cotter joint.

• Identify failure area of different parts of cotter joint.
• Determine the required dimensions of the different parts of cotter joint.
B. Expected Program Outcomes (POs): PO1, PO2, PO3, PO4, PO5 & PO7

C. Expected Skills to be developed based on competency:

Ability to design simple machine components subjected to direct load.
D. Expected Course Outcomes (Cos)

• CO3-Design machine element subjected to Direct, Bending, Twisting and

Combined load.
E. Practical Outcome (PRo)
Calculate the safe dimension of the parts of cotter joint subjected to direct load.
F. Expected Affective domain Outcome (ADos)
Design of cotter joint for safe operation under given loading condition.
G. Prerequisite Theory:
The student should know the basic knowledge of different types of direct load and
different types of stress like tensile stress, compressive stress and shear stress.
H. Problem data:
Design a spigot and socket type cotter joint to connect two similar rod subjected to
P kN Axial load in both the direction. Take the required data from table no 7.1.

For value of Load P use last digit of your enrolment no.

For value of Stress use last two digit of your enrolment no.

(It is necessary to draw the failure area of cotter with calculation)

27 | Page
Design of Machine Elements (4361903)

Table 7.1 Problem data

Last digit Last two Tensile Shear Crushing

of Load P digit of stress stress stress
Enrollment (kN) enrollment (MPa) (MPa) (MPa)
No. No.
1 38 01 - 10 57.50 34.50 115.00

2 40 11 - 20 60.00 36.00 120.00

3 42 21 - 30 62.50 37.50 125.00

4 44 31 - 40 65.00 39.00 130.00

5 46 41 - 50 68.75 41.25 137.50

6 48 51 - 60 72.50 43.50 145.00

7 50 61 - 70 75.00 45.00 150.00

8 52 71 - 80 77.50 46.50 155.00

9 54 81 - 90 79.00 47.40 158.00

0 56 91 – 99, 00 82.50 49.50 165.00

Note to take data:- Let your enrollment no. is 226270319200.

Last digit is 0, so take load P = 56 kN.
Last two digit is 00 (91 – 99, 00), so take Tensile Stress = 82.50 MPa, Shear Stress = 49.50MPa
and Crushing Stress = 165 MPa

I. Practical related Quiz.

6. List applications of Cotter Joint.
J. References / Suggestions
https://youtu.be/OT6VcqvOoGY

28 | Page
Design of Machine Elements (4361903)

K. Assessment-Rubrics
Name of Student:
Enrolment no.:
CRITERIA and EXCELLENT VERY GOOD GOOD FAIR NEED Marks
% IMPROVEMENT
WEIGHTAGE
Design of Calculation is Calculation is Calculation is Calculation Calculation is
parts carried out step carried out carried out is carried carried out step
by step including with 20% with 20% out with by step including
failure area with mathematical mathematical 30% failure area with
no mathematical error or given error and mathemati more than 30%
error and given data is not given data is cal error mathematical
data is written written not written error
properly properly properly
150 % 7.5 6.0 4.5 3.0 1.5
Writing skill Professional One of the Two of the Three of All the things are
looking. thing is things are the things missing.
Accurate missing. missing. are
representation missing.
of the result
with proper unit.
Use of proper
notation.
Page number is
given in proper
manner.
75 % 3.75 3.0 2.25 1.5 0.75
Solving ability Solve the Need little bit Need little bit Need help Not able to solve
problem without of help of of help of of faculty without help of
help of any one faculty or faculty or to solve faculty
colleagues colleagues problem
100 % 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0
Punctuality Assignment Assignment Assignment Assignmen Assignment work
work is work is late work is late t work is is late by more
completed by 2 days by 3 days late by 4 than 4 days
within time limit days
100 % 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0
Final Final summery 90% of all the 80% of all the Final Final summery of
Summery of all the dimensions dimensions summery all the
dimensions are are are of all the dimensions are
represented in represented represented dimension missing
tabulated form in tabulated in tabulated s are
with proper form with form with represente
notation and proper proper d without
units. notation and notation and proper
units. units. units
75 % 3.75 3.0 2.25 1.5 0.75
Total
Sign with Date

29 | Page
Design of Machine Elements (4361903)

Date: ……………
Practical No.8: Design of Knuckle joint

A. Objective:

• Identify the parts of Knuckle joint.

• Identify failure area of different parts of Knuckle joint.
• Determine the required dimensions of the different parts of Knuckle joint.
B. Expected Program Outcomes (POs): PO1, PO2, PO3, PO4, PO5 & PO7

C. Expected Skills to be developed based on competency:

Ability to design simple machine components subjected to direct load.
D. Expected Course Outcomes (Cos)

• CO3-Design machine element subjected to Direct, Bending, Twisting and

Combined load.
E. Practical Outcome (PRo)
Calculate the safe dimension of the parts of Knuckle joint subjected to direct load.
F. Expected Affective domain Outcome (ADos)
Design of Knuckle joint for safe operation under given loading condition.
G. Prerequisite Theory:
The student should know the basic knowledge of different types of direct load and
different types of stress like tensile stress, compressive stress and shear stress.
H. Problem data:
Design knuckle joint with axial tensile load of P kN. Take the required data from
table no. 8.1.

For value of Load P use last digit of your enrollment no.

For value of Stress use last two digit of your enrollment no

(It is necessary to draw the failure area of Knuckle with calculation)

30 | Page
Design of Machine Elements (4361903)

Table 8.1 Problem data

Last digit Last two Tensile Shear Crushing

of Load P digit of stress stress stress
Enrollment (kN) enrollment (MPa) (MPa) (MPa)
No. No.
1 38 01 - 10 57.50 34.50 115.00

2 40 11 - 20 60.00 36.00 120.00

3 42 21 - 30 62.50 37.50 125.00

4 44 31 - 40 65.00 39.00 130.00

5 46 41 - 50 68.75 41.25 137.50

6 48 51 - 60 72.50 43.50 145.00

7 50 61 - 70 75.00 45.00 150.00

8 52 71 - 80 77.50 46.50 155.00

9 54 81 - 90 79.00 47.40 158.00

0 56 91 – 99, 00 82.50 49.50 165.00

Note to take data:- Let your enrollment no. is 226270319200.

Last digit is 0, so take load P = 56 kN.
Last two digit is 00 (91 – 99, 00), so take Tensile Stress = 82.50 MPa, Shear Stress = 49.50MPa
and Crushing Stress = 165 MPa

I. Practical related Quiz.

5. List applications of Knuckle Joint.
6. Compare Knuckle joint and Cotter joint.
J. References / Suggestions
https://youtu.be/J9Aj17MAyLY

31 | Page
Design of Machine Elements (4361903)

K. Assessment-Rubrics
Name of Student:
Enrolment no.:
CRITERIA and EXCELLENT VERY GOOD GOOD FAIR NEED Marks
% IMPROVEMENT
WEIGHTAGE
Design of Calculation is Calculation is Calculation is Calculation Calculation is
parts carried out step carried out carried out is carried carried out step
by step including with 20% with 20% out with by step including
failure area with mathematical mathematical 30% failure area with
no mathematical error or given error and mathemati more than 30%
error and given data is not given data is cal error mathematical
data is written written not written error
properly properly properly
150 % 7.5 6.0 4.5 3.0 1.5
Writing skill Professional One of the Two of the Three of All the things are
looking. thing is things are the things missing.
Accurate missing. missing. are
representation missing.
of the result
with proper unit.
Use of proper
notation.
Page number is
given in proper
manner.
75 % 3.75 3.0 2.25 1.5 0.75
Solving ability Solve the Need little bit Need little bit Need help Not able to solve
problem without of help of of help of of faculty without help of
help of any one faculty or faculty or to solve faculty
colleagues colleagues problem
100 % 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0
Punctuality Assignment Assignment Assignment Assignmen Assignment work
work is work is late work is late t work is is late by more
completed by 2 days by 3 days late by 4 than 4 days
within time limit days
100 % 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0
Final Final summery 90% of all the 80% of all the Final Final summery of
Summery of all the dimensions dimensions summery all the
dimensions are are are of all the dimensions are
represented in represented represented dimension missing
tabulated form in tabulated in tabulated s are
with proper form with form with represente
notation and proper proper d without
units. notation and notation and proper
units. units. units
75 % 3.75 3.0 2.25 1.5 0.75
Total
Sign with Date

32 | Page
Design of Machine Elements (4361903)

Date: ……………
Practical No.9: Design of Flange coupling

A. Objective:

• Identify the parts of Flange coupling.

• Identify failure area of different parts of Flange coupling.
• Determine the required dimensions of the different parts of Flange coupling.
B. Expected Program Outcomes (POs): PO1, PO2, PO3, PO4, PO5 & PO7

C. Expected Skills to be developed based on competency:

Ability to design simple machine components subjected to Torque.
D. Expected Course Outcomes (Cos)

• CO3-Design machine element subjected to Direct, Bending, Twisting and

Combined load.
E. Practical Outcome (PRo)
Calculate the dimension of the parts of Flange coupling to transmit given power
safely.
F. Expected Affective domain Outcome (ADos)
Design of Flange coupling for safe operation under given loading condition.
G. Prerequisite Theory:
The student should know the relation between power and torque. They should
know the basic equation of Twisting moment.
𝑀𝑡 𝜏 𝐺𝜃
= =
𝐽 𝑟 𝐿
H. Problem data:
Design a protective type flange coupling to transmit power P kW at N rpm. The
service factor is 1.5 i.e. design torque is 1.5 times of rated torque. Take the required
data from table no. 9.1.

For value of Power P and RPM N use last digit of your enrollment no.

For value of Stress use last two digit of your enrollment no

Table 9.1 Problem data

33 | Page
Design of Machine Elements (4361903)

For Shaft, Key and For

Bolts Flange
Last digit of Last two digit
Power P RPM
Enrollment of enrollment Shear Crushing Shear
(kW) N
No. No. stress stress stress
(MPa) (MPa) (MPa)

1 36 180 01 - 10 41.50 125.50 9.50

2 40 200 11 - 20 43.50 130.00 9.75

3 44 220 21 - 30 45.50 136.50 10.10

4 48 240 31 - 40 47.50 140.50 10.50

5 52 260 41 - 50 50.00 150.00 11.10

6 36 190 51 - 60 52.75 158.50 11.75

7 40 210 61 - 70 54.75 163.75 12.25

8 44 230 71 - 80 56.50 170.00 12.50

9 48 250 81 - 90 57.50 175.00 12.75

0 52 270 91 - 00 60.00 180.00 13.50

Note to take data:- Let your enrollment no. is 226270319200.

Last digit is 0, so take Power P = 52 kW and RPM N = 270.
Last two digit is 00 (91 – 99, 00)
For Shaft, Key and Bolt, take Shear Stress = 60.00 MPa and Crushing Stress = 180 MPa
For Flange
I. Shear Stress
Practical = 13.50
related MPa.
Quiz.
2. State types of coupling and application of couplings.
3. State at least three requisites for a good coupling.

34 | Page
Design of Machine Elements (4361903)

J. Assessment-Rubrics
Name of Student:
Enrolment no.:
CRITERIA and EXCELLENT VERY GOOD GOOD FAIR NEED Marks
% IMPROVEMENT
WEIGHTAGE
Design of Calculation is Calculation is Calculation is Calculation Calculation is
parts carried out step carried out carried out is carried carried out step
by step including with 20% with 20% out with by step including
failure area with mathematical mathematical 30% failure area with
no mathematical error or given error and mathemati more than 30%
error and given data is not given data is cal error mathematical
data is written written not written error
properly properly properly
150 % 7.5 6.0 4.5 3.0 1.5
Writing skill Professional One of the Two of the Three of All the things are
looking. thing is things are the things missing.
Accurate missing. missing. are
representation missing.
of the result
with proper unit.
Use of proper
notation.
Page number is
given in proper
manner.
75 % 3.75 3.0 2.25 1.5 0.75
Solving ability Solve the Need little bit Need little bit Need help Not able to solve
problem without of help of of help of of faculty without help of
help of any one faculty or faculty or to solve faculty
colleagues colleagues problem
100 % 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0
Punctuality Assignment Assignment Assignment Assignmen Assignment work
work is work is late work is late t work is is late by more
completed by 2 days by 3 days late by 4 than 4 days
within time limit days
100 % 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0
Final Final summery 90% of all the 80% of all the Final Final summery of
Summery of all the dimensions dimensions summery all the
dimensions are are are of all the dimensions are
represented in represented represented dimension missing
tabulated form in tabulated in tabulated s are
with proper form with form with represente
notation and proper proper d without
units. notation and notation and proper
units. units. units
75 % 3.75 3.0 2.25 1.5 0.75
Total

Sign with Date

35 | Page
Design of Machine Elements (4361903)

Date: ……………
Practical No.10: Prepare production drawings of design assemblies

A. Objective:

• Draw detail drawing of designed parts.

• Use proper geometrical and dimensional tolerances
B. Expected Program Outcomes (POs): PO1, PO2, PO3, PO4, PO5 & PO7

C. Expected Skills to be developed based on competency:

Ability to prepare production drawing of part for manufacturing,
D. Expected Course Outcomes (Cos)

• Design machine element subjected to Direct, Bending, Twisting and Combined

load.
E. Practical Outcome (PRo)
Draw detail drawing of designed parts with geometrical and dimensional
tolerance.
F. Expected Affective domain Outcome (ADos)
Prepare neat and clean production drawing.
G. Prerequisite Theory:
The student should know the basic knowledge of detail drawing and different types
of geometrical and dimensional tolerances.
H. Problem data:
1. Prepare production drawing of Cotter Joint with dimension obtained in
assignment no. 7.
2. Prepare production drawing of Knuckle Joint with dimension obtained in
assignment no. 8.
3. Prepare production drawing of Flange Coupling with dimension obtained in
assignment no. 9.
Give required geometrical and dimensional tolerance.
(Prepare production drawing either manually or using CAD software. Use A4 size
paper only.)

36 | Page
Design of Machine Elements (4361903)

I. Assessment-Rubrics
Name of Student:
Enrolment no.:
CRITERIA and EXCELLENT VERY GOOD GOOD FAIR NEED Mark
% WEIGHTAGE IMPROVEMENT s
Drawing All drawing with 85% of 70 - 85% of 60 - 70% of 60% of drawing
Layout, proper planning, drawing views drawing views drawing views views provided
Planning & layout and to the provided are provided are provided are are sufficient,
Scale appropriate sufficient, sufficient, sufficient, correct and
scale. correct and correct and correct and drawing is to
drawing is to drawing is to drawing is to the appropriate
the the the Scale.
appropriate appropriate appropriate
Scale. Scale. Scale.
100 % 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0
Dimensioning, All dimension, 80% of 70-80% of 60-70% of 60% of drawing
Tolerances tolerances and drawing drawing drawing dimensions,
and Notations notations are dimensions, dimensions, dimensions, tolerances and
given in drawing. tolerances tolerances tolerances notation are
and notation and notation and notation given Correctly.
are given are given are given
Correctly. Correctly. Correctly.
150 % 7.5 6.0 4.5 3.0 1.5
Use of Crisp, clear, Two to three Four to five Six to seven No rules were
appropriate consistent lines, lines are not lines are not lines are not followed.
Line Proper line type, shown in shown in shown in Unable to set
proper light and proper type proper type proper type the line class.
dark or shade. or shade. or shade. Did not use
combination of correct line
line. type or weight
75 % 3.75 3.0 2.25 1.5 0.75
Accuracy and No smudge and One to two Three to four Three to four There are many
Neatness almost no smudge and smudge and smudge and smudges and
erasures or stray erasures or erasures or erasures or erasures or
marks on the stray marks stray marks stray marks stray marks on
drawing. on the on the on the the drawing
drawing drawing drawing sheet, which
sheet, but sheet, but sheet, but detract from
they do not they do not they do the drawing
greatly greatly greatly and overall
detract from detract from detract from poor quality of
the drawing. the drawing. the drawing. drawing.
75 % 3.75 3.0 2.25 1.5 0.75
Punctuality Assignment Assignment Assignment Assignment Assignment
work is work is late work is late work is late work is late by
completed by 2 days by 3 days by 4 days more than 4
within time limit days
100 % 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0
Total

Sign with Date

37 | Page
Design of Machine Elements (4361903)

Date: ……………

Practical No.11: Design of pressure vessel.

A. Objective:

1. To design thin and thick cylinder pressure vessel.

2. To design thin Spherical shell.

B. Expected Program Outcomes (POs)

PO-1 Basic and Discipline-specific knowledge.

PO-2 Problem analysis.
PO-3 Design/Development of solutions.

C. Expected Skills to be developed based on competency:

• Familiarized with simple design procedure used in designing various types of pressure
vessels.
• Industrial applications and design considerations used in industries for pressure vessel.

D. Expected Course Outcomes (Cos)

• CO-4: Determine the safe dimensions of thin and thick cylinder pressure vessel.

E. Practical Outcome (PRo)

To design simple thin cylinder, thick cylinder pressure vessel and thin spherical shell.

F. Expected Affective domain Outcome (ADos)

• Work as a leader/a team member.

• Follow safety practices.
• Follow ethical practices.
• Follow Environment sustainability and environment consciousness.

G. Prerequisite Theory:

Teacher has to cover following topics during lab sessions.

- Define pressure vessel.
- Explain purpose/Industrial applications of pressure vessel.
Design of Machine Elements (4361903)

- Discuss various types of pressure vessels used in industries.

- Selection of materials for pressure vessels.
- Explain different stresses induced in pressure vessels.
- Explain procedure to be followed for simple design of thin cylinder, thick cylinder
pressure vessel and thin spherical shell.
- Discuss main considerations for design of pressure vessels.

Solve numerical problems based on design of pressure vessels. (Course teacher may
consider to solve following problems, Course teacher can add/remove similar numerical
problems for more practice of students.)

1. A cylinder with 170 mm inside diameter and 18 mm plate thickness is subjected to

internal pressure of 8 N/mm2. Determine: (i) Hoop stress (ii) Longitudinal stress (iii)
Maximum shear stress in the cylinder.

2. The maximum internal pressure of 8 N/mm2 exerts in a cylindrical vessel having 180mm
external diameter and 15mm thickness. Find Hoop stress, longitudinal stress and
Maximum shear stress. Take the joint efficiency =80%.Also state type of vessel as per
D/t ratio.

3. A spherical shell having capacity of 4000 litres is subjected to internal pressure of 1.2
N/mm2. Determine the thickness of the shell. Permissible stress for shell material is
60N/mm2 and joint efficiency is 75%.

4. A ram of a hydraulic cylinder having 200mm internal diameter is subjected to oil

pressure of 10Mpa. If the permissible stress for the cylinder material is 28 Mpa,
determine the outside diameter of the cylinder.

5. A hydraulic type testing machine has a capacity of 1000 KN. The piston diameter is
250mm and maximum permissible stress for the cylinder is 100 Mpa. Determine the
thickness of the cylinder.

6. A steam boiler shell having an internal diameter of 1.2 m is subjected to maximum steam
pressure of 0.7 N/mm2. Assuming factor of safety of 5 and efficiency of riveted joint of
Design of Machine Elements (4361903)

70%. Determine the thickness of the boiler shell. Ultimate shear stresses for shell
material is 400 N/mm2.
7. A spherical vessel 3 metre diameter is subjected to an internal pressure of 1.5 N/mm2.
Find the thickness of the vessel required if the maximum stress is not to exceed 90 MPa.
Take efficiency of the joint as 75%.

8. A hydraulic press has a maximum capacity of 1000 kN. The piston diameter is 250 mm.
Calculate the wall thickness if the cylinder is made of material for which the permissible
strength may be taken as 80 MPa. This material may be assumed as a brittle material.

H. Practical related Quiz.

1. Define pressure vessel and state industrial applications of pressure vessels.

2. State main design considerations for design of pressure vessel.
3. State materials used for pressure vessels.
4. Give classification of pressure vessels.
5. A pressure vessel is said to be a thin cylindrical shell, if the ratio of the wall thickness of
the shell to its diameter is
(a) equal to 1/10 (b) less than 1/10
(c) more than 1/10 (d) none of these
6. The longitudinal stress is ...... of the circumferential stress.
(a) one-half (b) two-third
(c) three-fourth
7. The design of the pressure vessel is based on
(a) longitudinal stress (b) hoop stress
(c) longitudinal and hoop stress (d) none of these

I. References / Suggestions

• https://youtu.be/hTL8JMmfSC0
• https://youtu.be/erW4HZ5I928
Design of Machine Elements (4361903)

J. Assessment-Rubrics
Name of Student:
Enrolment no.:
Criteria Rating Scale Marks

Very Good
Excellent (5) Good (3) Fair (2) Poor (1)
(4)
Knowledge Student has Student has Student has Student has Student has
excellent very good good fair poor
knowledge knowledge knowledge knowledge knowledge
of concept of concept of concept of concept of concept

Quality of Student has Student has Student has Student has Student has
Report Quality of Quality of Quality of Quality of Quality of
Report Report Very Report Good Report Fair Report Poor
Excellent Good

Participation Student has Student has Student has Student has Student has
(calculation excellent very good good fair poor
ability) Participation Participation Participation Participation Participation

Punctuality Student Student Student Student Student is

display display Very display good display fair not punctual
excellent good punctuality punctuality
punctuality punctuality

Ethical Student Student Student Student Student

practice display display Very display display Fair display Poor
excellent Good Good Ethical Ethical
Ethical Ethical Ethical practice practice
practice practice practice

Total Marks _____/25

Sign with Date

Design of Machine Elements (4361903)

Date: ……………

Practical No.12: Calculation of features/characteristics of Bearings

A. Objective:

Students will be able to calculate different bearing characteristics for sliding and
antifriction bearings.

B. Expected Program Outcomes (POs)

PO-1 Basic and Discipline-specific knowledge.

PO-2 Problem analysis.
PO-3 Design/Development of solutions.

C. Expected Skills to be developed based on competency:

• To select appropriate anti-friction bearings from manufacturer’s catalogue.

• To calculate the load on the bearings.

D. Expected Course Outcomes (Cos)

• CO-5: Calculate important characteristics of sliding and antifriction bearing.

E. Practical Outcome (PRo)

For sliding and antifriction bearings students will be able,

• To calculate bearing life, dynamic capacity, bearing characteristic number.

• To calculate coefficient of friction, bearing pressure, heat generation.

F. Expected Affective domain Outcome (ADos)

• Work as a leader/a team member.

• Follow safety practices.
• Follow ethical practices.
• Follow Environment sustainability and environment consciousness.

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Design of Machine Elements (4361903)

G. Prerequisite Theory:

Teacher has to cover following topics during lab sessions.

- Function and classification of bearings

- Explain different characteristics of bearings
- Discuss various bearing materials with their important properties.
- Explain Design procedure for sliding and antifriction bearings.

Solve numerical problems based on calculation of different bearing

characteristics. (Course teacher may consider to solve following problems, Course
teacher can add/remove similar numerical problems for more practice of
students.)

1. The load on the journal bearing is 150 kN due to turbine shaft of 300 mm diameter
running at 1800 r.p.m. Determine the following:
a. Length of the bearing if the allowable bearing pressure is 1.6 N/mm2, and
b. Amount of heat to be removed by the lubricant per minute if the bearing
temperature is 60°C and viscosity of the oil at 60°C is 0.02kg/m-s and the
bearing clearance is 0.25 mm.

2. A plain bearing has been designed for which shell diameter is 75 mm and length is
125mm. The bearing is subjected to external load of 20 KN and journal rotates at
1000 rpm. Bearing temperature is 70 0C and room temperature is 30 0C. The
lubricating oil used has a viscosity of 0.01 kg/ms at 110 0C. Determine the artificial
cooling required for the bearing. Take d/c =1000.

3. A 150 mm diameter shaft supporting a load of 10 kN has a speed of 1500 r.p.m.

The shaft runs in a bearing whose length is 1.5 times the shaft diameter. If the
diametral clearance of the bearing is 0.15 mm and the absolute viscosity of the oil
at the operating temperature is 0.011 kg/m-s, find the power wasted in friction.

4. A ball bearing is subjected to radial load of 4 kN and thrust load of 5 kN. The inner
ring of the bearing rotates at 2600 rpm. For the average life of 15000 hours
determine the basic dynamic capacity of the bearing. Take X = 0.56, Y = 1.6
,K=3,V=1 and S=1.

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Design of Machine Elements (4361903)

5. A deep groove ball bearing is subjected to radial load of 12KN and thrust load of 6
KN. The inner ring of the bearing rotates at 1200 rpm. For the average life of 4500
hours determine the basic dynamic capacity of the bearing. Take X = 0.56, Y = 1.2,
K=3, V=1and S=1.2

6. A deep groove ball bearing is subjected to radial load of 10kN and thrust load of 6kN.
The inner race of the bearing rotates with 1200 rpm. If life of bearing is 5000 hrs.
determine the required basic dynamic capacity for the bearing. Take X=0.56; Y=1.3;
and S=1.5.

7. A deep groove ball bearing is subjected to radial load of 10kN and thrust load of 6kN.
The inner race of the bearing rotates with 1260 rpm. Expected average life of bearing
is 6000 hrs. Determine the required basic dynamic capacity for the bearing. Take
X=0.56; Y=1.3; and S=1.5.

H. Practical related Quiz.

a. State applications of bearings.

b. Compare sliding contact bearing and antifriction bearing.
c. Define following terms:
i. Bearing life
ii. Bearing characteristic number
iii. Basic static capacity
iv. Basic dynamic capacity
v. Average life
vi. Rating life

I. References / Suggestions

https://youtu.be/q4E9yaulqyc

44 | Page
Design of Machine Elements (4361903)

J. Assessment-Rubrics
Name of Student:
Enrolment no.:
Criteria Rating Scale Marks

Very Good
Excellent (5) Good (3) Fair (2) Poor (1)
(4)
Knowledge Student has Student has Student has Student has Student has
excellent very good good fair poor
knowledge knowledge knowledge knowledge knowledge
of concept of concept of concept of concept of concept

Quality of Student has Student has Student has Student has Student has
Report Quality of Quality of Quality of Quality of Quality of
Report Report Very Report Good Report Fair Report Poor
Excellent Good

Participation Student has Student has Student has Student has Student has
(calculation excellent very good good fair poor
ability) Participation Participation Participation Participation Participation

Punctuality Student Student Student Student Student is

display display Very display good display fair not punctual
excellent good punctuality punctuality
punctuality punctuality

Ethical Student Student Student Student Student

practice display display Very display display Fair display Poor
excellent Good Good Ethical Ethical
Ethical Ethical Ethical practice practice
practice practice practice

Total Marks _____/25

Sign with Date

45 | Page