Scribd
Upload
31 views2 pages

Lab 20 Discussion

The document discusses the precipitation reactions of various metal ions in three parts, focusing on lead, silver, mercury, tin, copper, and nickel. It outlines the processes of forming insoluble chlorides, sulfides, and hydroxides, as well as the observations made during these experiments. The document also highlights potential errors that could affect the outcomes of the reactions.

Uploaded by

Asya ALICIOGLU
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
31 views2 pages

Lab 20 Discussion

The document discusses the precipitation reactions of various metal ions in three parts, focusing on lead, silver, mercury, tin, copper, and nickel. It outlines the processes of forming insoluble chlorides, sulfides, and hydroxides, as well as the observations made during these experiments. The document also highlights potential errors that could affect the outcomes of the reactions.

Uploaded by

Asya ALICIOGLU
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 2

Discussion

Part I:
+2 −¿ → PbCl 2( s) ¿
Pb(aq )+ Cl(aq)
−¿ → AgCl( s) ¿
+¿+Cl(aq) ¿
Ag(aq)
+2
Hg 2(aq) +Cl−¿ → Hg Cl
(aq )
2 2( s) ¿

Pb+2 −2
(aq )+ CrO 4(aq ) → PbCrO4(s ) (yellow precipitate)

In this part, lead ion is precipitaded from the unknown solution. Group I ions are called insoluable
chlorides, if HCl is added to a mixture of cations, only AgCl, Hg 2 Cl 2 and PbCl2 precipitate. They leaving
the other cations in the solution. If AgCl, Hg 2 Cl 2 and PbCl2 precipitate used to make a solution with
water and centrifuge. PbCl2 has higher Ksp value so PbCl2 is more soluble in the solution. AgCl and
Hg2 Cl 2 compounds precipitation. If centrifugate and residu are seperate and add K 2 CrO 4 into the
centrifugate, yellow precipitate can obtain becuse the cenrifuge solution contains only PbCl2.

Part 2:

Group II ions called acid-insoluable sulfides. This ions creates precipitation with H 2 S ,which is obtained
from hydrolization of thioacetamide. Group II sulfides have small Ksp vaule but group III sulfides have
higher Ksp value.

Sn+2(aq) + H 2 S (aq ) → SnS (s) +2 H +(aq)


¿¿

Pb+2(aq )+ H 2 S(aq) → PbS(s) +2 H(aq)


+¿¿

+2 +¿¿
Cu (aq) + H 2 S(aq) → CuS(s) +2 H(aq)
−2 +¿ −¿
SnCl6 (aq) +2 H 2 S(aq) → SnS2(s) +4 H(aq) +6 Cl (aq ) ¿ ¿

This solution is observed as black and very bad smelling.

3 SnS 2(aq )+ 6OH −¿ −2 −2


(aq) → Sn(OH )6 (aq) +2 SnS 3 (aq) ¿

Black precipitate is combined with NH 3


+2 −¿ +¿
Pb(aq )+ NO ¿ + NH 3(aq) + H 2 O(l) → PB ( OH ) NO3(s) + NH ¿ ¿ ¿
+2 +2
Cu (aq) + 4 NH 3(aq) →Cu(NH 3 )4 (aq)

In this step blue color should be observed but during experiment clear solution with white precipitate is
observed. There must be a personal error; mixing wrong compounds or missing the step can be the
raesons.

Part 3:
Group III ions are called base-insoluable sulfides and hydroxides. Unknown solution is buffered with
ammonium salt and ammonia solution. Than thioacetamine used as a S source and ;
+2 −2
Mn (aq) +S (aq) → MnS (s)
+2 −2
M (NH ¿¿ 3)6 (aq) +S (aq) → MS(s )+ 6 NH 3(aq) M =¿∨Co ¿

The precipitate was black colored. Than HNO3 is added;

MS (s ) +2 NO−¿ +¿ +2
¿ + 4 H (aq) → M (aq )+ 2 NO 2(g )+ S(aq) +2 H 2 O(l) M =¿∨Co¿ ¿

Then solution made basic with KOH


+2 −¿
Mn (aq) +2 OH (aq) → M (OH )2(s) M =¿∨Co ¿

After that Na2 O2 added with the purpose of oxidizing Cr, Mn and Co; so they create a percipitate. With
thise step we have a pricipitate that contains Fe, Mn, Co and Ni. The precipitate dissolved in HCl and
dilute with water;
+2
+¿→ ¿(aq) +2 H 2 O(l) ¿
¿(OH )2(s) +2 H (aq)
+3
+¿ → Fe(aq)+3 H 2O( l)¿
Fe(OH )3(s) +3 H (aq)
+2
−¿→ 2Co (aq )+ Cl2(aq )+ 6 H2 O(l) ¿
+¿+2 Cl(aq) ¿
2 Co(OH )3(s) +6 H (aq )
+2
−¿ →Mn (aq )+ Cl2(aq )+ 3 H2 O(l) ¿
+¿+2 Cl(aq) ¿
MnO(OH )2(s) + 4 H (aq)

Then NaF and NH 3 are added into the solution. Dimethylglyoxime is added in the solution and we
obsereved red rpecipitate which confirms that the presence of nickel ion.
+2 +¿
¿(aq) +2 NH 3(aq) +2C 4 H 8 O2 N 2(aq) → (C ¿ ¿ 4 H 7 O2 N 2 )2∋¿(aq) +2 NH 4(aq) ¿ ¿ ¿

Referance

 Chemistry The Central Science 13th Edition

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy