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Assessment

Chapter Test B
Teacher Notes and Answers
Refraction
CHAPTER TEST B (ADVANCED)
1. b 13. In order to be seen, the object under a
2. c microscope must be at least as large as a
3. a wavelength of light. An atom is many times
4. a smaller than a wavelength of visible light.
5. b 14. A light ray represents the direction of
6. d propagation of a planar wave front, which is
Solution the superposition of all the spherical wave
Rearrange Snell’ s law, ni sin i = nr fronts. As these wave fronts enter a
sin  r , and solve for  r . transparent medium, all of them strike the
n  surface simultaneously and experience a
 r = sin
1  i (sin i ) = similar change in velocity at the same
 nr  instant.
1.00
sin
1 
  Although this results in a change in the
(sin 3.5  101°) = 18°
 1.65  overall wavelength of the spherical wave
7. d fronts, there is no change in the direction of
8. a the wave fronts relative to each other.
Solution Therefore, no refraction occurs.
Use the thin-lens equation to find f. 15. A real, inverted image that is smaller than
1 1 1 1 1 the object will form between F and 2F.
= + = + =
f p q 20.0 cm 8.00 cm
0.0500 0.125 0.175
+ =
1 cm 1 cm 1 cm
f = 5.71 cm
9. a
Solution
Use the magnification of a lens
h'
equation, M = , to find M. 16. The light will undergo total internal
h
reflection.
h' (151 cm)
M = = = 141 17. Rays of light from the sun strike Earth’s
h (1.07 cm)
atmosphere and are bent because the
10. c
atmosphere has an index of refraction
11. when the difference between the substances’
greater than that of the near-vacuum of
indices of refraction is the greatest
space.
12. An object placed just outside the focal
18. Dispersion is the process of separating
length of the objective lens forms a real,
polychromatic light into its component
inverted image just inside the focal point of
wavelengths because n is a function of
the eyepiece. This eyepiece, the second lens,
wavelength for all material mediums.
serves to magnify the image.
Snell’s law states that the angles of
refraction will be different for different
wavelengths even if the angles of incidence
are the same.
19. 48 cm
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Given Solution
p = 24 cm The focal length and object distance of the
f = 16 cm (f is positive, since this is a objective lens do not enter into the
converging lens) calculation.
Solution The image of the objective lens is the object
Rearrange the thin-lens equation, of the eyepiece lens.
Rearrange the thin-lens equation,
1 1 1
+ = , and solve for q. 1 1 1
p q f + = , and solve for q.
p q f
1 1 1 1 1
=
=
= 1 1 1 1 1
q f p 16 cm 24 cm =
=
=
qe f e pe 1.50 cm 1.32 cm
0.063 0.042 0.021

= 0.667 0.758 0.091
1 cm 1 cm 1 cm
=

q = 48 cm (since q is positive, the 1 cm 1 cm 1 cm
qe =
11 cm (since q is negative, the image
image is real and in back of the lens) is virtual and in front of the lens)
20. 11 cm
Given
Fo = 1.00 cm
po = 1.25 cm
Fe = 1.50 cm
pe = 1.50 cm
0.180 cm = 1.32 cm

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Assessment

Refraction
Chapter Test B
MULTIPLE CHOICE
In the space provided, write the letter of the term or phrase that best completes
each statement or best answers each question.

_____ 1. Which is an example of refraction?

a. A parabolic mirror in a headlight focuses light into a beam.
b. A fish appears closer to the surface of the water than it really is when
observed from a riverbank.
c. In a mirror, when you lift your right arm, the left arm of your image is
raised.
d. Light is bent slightly around corners.

_____ 2. The _______________ of light can change when light is refracted

because the velocity changes.
a. frequency c. wavelength
b. medium d. transparency

_____ 3. When a light ray moves from air into glass, which has a higher index of
refraction, its path is
a. bent toward the normal.
b. bent away from the normal.
c. parallel to the normal.
d. not bent.
_____ 4. When a light ray passes from water (n = 1.333) into diamond
(n = 2.419) at an angle of 45°, its path is
a. bent toward the normal.
b. bent away from the normal.
c. parallel to the normal.
d. not bent.
_____ 5. When a light ray passes from zircon (n = 1.923) into fluorite
(n = 1.434) at an angle of 60°, its path is
a. bent toward the normal. c. parallel to the normal.
b. bent away from the normal. d. not bent.

_____ 6. A ray of light in air is incident on an air-to-glass boundary at an angle

of exactly 3.0
101° with the normal. If the index of refraction of the
glass is 1.65, what is the angle of the refracted ray within the glass with
respect to the normal?
a. 56° c. 29°
b. 46° d. 18°

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Chapter Test B continued

_____ 7. All of the following images can be formed by a converging lens except
which one?
a. virtual, upright, and magnified
b. real and point
c. real, inverted, and magnified
d. real, upright, and magnified
_____ 8. An object is placed 20.0 cm from a thin converging lens along the axis
of the lens. If a real image forms behind the lens at a distance of
8.00 cm from the lens, what is the focal length of the lens?
a. 5.71 cm c.
13.3 cm
b. 12.0 cm d. 13.3 cm
_____ 9. A film projector produces a 1.51 m image of a horse on a screen. If the
projector lens is 4.00 m from the screen and the size of the horse on the
film is 1.07 cm, what is the magnification of the image?
a. 141 c. 7.08  10
3
b.
14.1 d.
7.08  10
3

_____ 10. If atmospheric refraction did not occur, how would the apparent time of
sunrise and sunset be changed?
a. Both would be later.
b. Both would be earlier.
c. Sunrise would be later, and sunset would be earlier.
d. Sunrise would be earlier, and sunset would be later.

SHORT ANSWER
11. What type of situation will produce the largest amount of bending when a light
ray crosses the boundary between two transparent media?
_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________
12. How are two converging lenses used to view an object in a compound
microscope?
_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________
13. Why is it impossible to see an atom with a compound microscope?
_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

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Chapter Test B continued

14. No refraction occurs when a light ray that is parallel to the normal strikes a
transparent medium. Use the wave model of light to explain why.
_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________
15. What is the position and kind of image produced by the lens shown below?
Draw a ray diagram to support your answer.
_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

16. The critical angle for internal reflection inside a certain transparent material is
found to be 48°. If entering light strikes the transparent material with an angle
of incidence of 52°, predict how the light will be refracted.

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________
17. Why are we able to see the sun in the morning before it actually rises above
the horizon?
_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

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Chapter Test B continued

18. What is dispersion?

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

PROBLEM
19. An object is placed along the principal axis of a thin converging lens that has a
focal length of 16 cm. If the distance from the object to the lens is 24 cm, what
is the distance from the image to the lens?

20. The objective lens of a compound microscope has a focal length of 1.00 cm. A
specimen is 1.25 cm from the objective lens. The image formed by the
objective lens is 0.180 cm inside the focal point of the eyepiece whose focal
length is 1.50 cm. What is the distance from the eyepiece to the image formed
by the eyepiece lens?

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