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Prince Eugene of Savoy (1663-1736) was a prominent field marshal in the Army of the Holy Roman Empire, known for his military prowess and service to three emperors over six decades. Born in France, he fled to serve Emperor Leopold I after being denied a commission in the French Army, achieving significant victories against the Ottomans and in the War of the Spanish Succession. In his later years, he focused on diplomacy and art collection, leaving a lasting architectural legacy in Vienna.

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9 views2 pages

Seven Wonders 3

Prince Eugene of Savoy (1663-1736) was a prominent field marshal in the Army of the Holy Roman Empire, known for his military prowess and service to three emperors over six decades. Born in France, he fled to serve Emperor Leopold I after being denied a commission in the French Army, achieving significant victories against the Ottomans and in the War of the Spanish Succession. In his later years, he focused on diplomacy and art collection, leaving a lasting architectural legacy in Vienna.

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Prince Eugene of Savoy

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Eugene of Savoy

Portrait of Prince Eugene of Savoy, 1718


by Jacob van Schuppen
Born 18 October 1663
Hôtel de Soissons, Paris, Kingdom of France
Died 21 April 1736 (aged 72)
Vienna, Archduchy of Austria, Holy Roman Empire
Burial St. Stephen's Cathedral, Vienna
House Savoy-Carignano
Father Eugene Maurice of Savoy
Mother Olympia Mancini
Signature Eugene of Savoy's signature
Military career
Rank Field marshal
Conflicts
See list
Prince Eugene Francis of Savoy-Carignano[1] (18 October 1663 – 21 April 1736),
better known as Prince Eugene, was a distinguished field marshal in the Army of the
Holy Roman Empire and of the Austrian Habsburg dynasty during the 17th and 18th
centuries. Renowned as one of the greatest military commanders of his era, Prince
Eugene also rose to the highest offices of state at the Imperial court in Vienna
spending six decades in the service of three emperors.

Born in Paris, to the son of a French count and a niece of Cardinal Mazarin, Eugene
was raised at the court of King Louis XIV. Initially destined for the priesthood as
the youngest son of a noble family, he chose to pursue a military career at 19. Due
to his poor physique and possibly a scandal involving his mother, Louis XIV denied
him a commission in the French Royal Army and forbade him from enlisting elsewhere.
Embittered, Eugene fled France and entered the service of Emperor Leopold I, cousin
and rival of Louis XIV, where his elder brother, Louis of Savoy, was already
serving.

At 20, Prince Eugene of Savoy distinguished himself during the Ottoman Siege of
Vienna in 1683. Commanding troops at Budapest (1686) and Belgrade (1688), he became
a field marshal by age 25. In the Nine Years' War, he fought alongside his distant
cousin, the Duke of Savoy. As commander-in-chief in Hungary, Eugene's decisive
victory at the Battle of Zenta (1697) ended the Ottoman threat for nearly 20 years.
During the War of the Spanish Succession (1701–1714), he served Emperor Leopold I,
achieving victories in Italy and forming a crucial partnership with the Duke of
Marlborough, securing wins at Blenheim (1704), Oudenaarde (1708), and Malplaquet
(1709). His success continued in Italy, notably at Turin (1706). Renewed Austro-
Turkish conflicts saw Eugene triumph at Petrovaradin (1716) and Belgrade (1717),
solidifying his legacy as one of Europe's greatest military commanders and securing
peace in 1718.

Throughout the late 1720s, Eugene's diplomatic skills secured powerful allies for
the Emperor in dynastic struggles with the Bourbon powers. Physically and mentally
fragile in his later years, Eugene saw less success as commander-in-chief during
the War of the Polish Succession (1733–1735). Despite his opposition to the
conflict, he loyally led a defensive campaign, preventing enemy invasion of
Bavaria. During his peaceful years, Eugene accumulated a vast collection of art and
literature and corresponded with contemporary artists, scientists, and
philosophers. His architectural legacy includes Baroque palaces like the Belvedere
in Vienna. He died on 21 April 1736, aged 72.

Early years (1663–16

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