Embedded System Design

EEE 4209

Programmable Logic Controller

(PLC)

Md. Ariful Islam

Lecturer, Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering
Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology, Rajshahi-6204, Bangladesh
E-mail: arif.ruet.eee17@gmail.com ; ariful.islam@eee.ruet.ac.bd
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 PLC Problem - 1

Input: One push button (normally open).

Output: Induction motor.
Operation: The push button is pressed, the motor starts. Push button is released, motor stops.

0V 0V

+24 V COM COM +24 V

I1 C Q0
I2 P Q1
I3 U Q2
I4 Q3
Ladder Diagram

Hardware Diagram
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 PLC Problem - 2

Input: One push button (normally open).

Output: Induction motor.
Operation: The push button is pressed, the motor starts. Push button is released, remains running.

0V 0V

+24 V COM COM +24 V

I1 C Q0
I2 P Q1
I3 U Q2

Ladder Diagram I4 Q3

Latching is the process of keeping an output on, Hardware Diagram

even when the input is turned off. 3
 PLC Problem - 3

Input: One start push button (normally open) and

One stop push button (normally open)
Output: Induction motor.
Operation: The start button is pressed, the motor starts. Start button is released, remains running.
The stop button is pressed, the motor stops.

0V 0V

+24 V
Start COM COM +24 V

I1 C Q0
Stop
I2 P Q1
I3 U Q2
I4 Q3
4
 PLC Problem - 4

Motor Direction Control

Input: One start push button (normally open) for clockwise rotation,
One start push button (normally open) for anti-clockwise rotation and
One stop push button (normally open)
Output: Induction motor.
Operation:
✓ The clock wise start button is pressed, the motor rotates in clockwise.
✓ The anti-clock wise start button is pressed, the motor rotates in anti-clockwise.
✓ The stop button is pressed, the motor stops.
✓ During clockwise rotation, anti-clockwise rotation circuit will be inactive and vice-versa (interlocked).
✓ Motor has no inertia.

Interlocking is a technique in which specific operations cannot occur simultaneously or under certain
conditions, providing safety and logical control.
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 PLC Problem – 4 (contd.)

0V 0V

+24 V
CLK COM COM

Anti-CLK
I1 C Q0
I2 P Q1
+24 V

Stop
I3 U Q2
CLK

Anti-CLK
I4 Q3
Direction Control:
▪ AC Motor: Change in phase sequence.
▪ DC Motor: Change in supply voltage polarity.
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PLC Problem – 4 (contd.)

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 Timer

T01
Input
On-Delay IN Delay Time
Timer 5.00 S 5 sec
Output

T02
Input
IN
Off-Delay
Timer 3.00 S Output 3 sec

T01 3 sec
Input
On-Off Delay IN 5 sec
5.00 S
Timer
3.00 S Output
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 PLC Problem - 5

Input: One start push button (normally open) and

One stop push button (normally open).
Output: Induction motor.
Operation: The start button is pressed, motor starts. Motor automatically stops after 5 seconds. When stop
button is pressed, motor immediately stops.

0V 0V

+24 V
Start COM COM +24 V

I1 C Q0
Stop
I2 P Q1
I3 U Q2
I4 Q3
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 PLC Problem – 6

Sequential Motor Control

Input: One start push button (normally open) and

One stop push button (normally open).

Output: Three induction motors.

Operation: When start button is pressed, Motor-1 starts

instantly. After 5 seconds, Motor-2 starts, then after 10
seconds Motor-3 starts. If the stop button is pressed, the
motors stops instantly.

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 PLC Problem - 7

Sequential Motor Control

Process-1:
If start button-1 (normally open push button) is pressed,
pump A starts, and runs for 10 seconds. Then pump B
starts and runs for 15 seconds. If stop button-1 is pressed,
process-1 stops.
A B
Process-2:
If start button-2 is pressed, pump C starts and runs for 5
seconds. If stop button-2 is pressed, process-2 stops. C

Both process-1 and process-2 are interlocked.

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PLC Problem – 7 (contd.)

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 PLC Problem - 8

Motor Direction Control

Input: One start push button (normally open) for clockwise rotation,
One start push button (normally open) for anti-clockwise rotation and
One stop push button (normally open)

Output: Induction motor.

Operation:
✓ The clock wise start button is pressed, the motor rotates in clockwise.
✓ The anti-clock wise start button is pressed, the motor rotates in anti-clockwise.
✓ The stop button is pressed, the motor stops.
✓ During clockwise rotation, anti-clockwise rotation circuit will be inactive and vice-versa
(interlocked).
✓ Motor has inertia.
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 PLC Problem – 8 (contd.)

0V 0V

+24 V
CLK COM COM

Anti-CLK
I1 C Q0
I2 P Q1
+24 V

Stop
I3 U Q2
CLK

Anti-CLK
I4 Q3

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PLC Problem – 8 (contd.)

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 PLC Problem - 9

Design a PLC ladder logic so that the motor should start when the water level is less or equal to
level B and stop when water level is greater than level A. Logic is performed manually.

Stop
A

Run/Stop

B
Run

Pump Motor
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 PLC Problem - 10

Design a PLC ladder logic so that the motor should start when the water level is less or equal to
level B and stop when water level is greater than level A. Logic is performed automatically.

LLS = 1 Stop High-Level Sensor

HLS LLS HLS = 1 A

LLS = 1
HLS = 0 Run/Stop
Low-Level Sensor
LLS = 0
B
HLS = 0 Run

Pump Motor

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 PLC Problem - 11

Design a PLC ladder logic so that the water level can be controlled between level A and Level B
consisting of both manual and automatic mode.

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