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Lab-1 LEDs

The document outlines an experiment on Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) as part of the Optical Devices course at Alexandria University. It describes the mechanism of light emission, characteristics of LEDs including output spectrum and modulation response, and provides procedures for measuring the power-current relationship. The objective is to study LED characteristics and investigate the relationship between input current and output optical power.

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29 views2 pages

Lab-1 LEDs

The document outlines an experiment on Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) as part of the Optical Devices course at Alexandria University. It describes the mechanism of light emission, characteristics of LEDs including output spectrum and modulation response, and provides procedures for measuring the power-current relationship. The objective is to study LED characteristics and investigate the relationship between input current and output optical power.

Uploaded by

badduck958
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Electrical Engineering Department

Faculty of Engineering
Alexandria University

Third Year: Communications Section Lecturer: Dr. Mohamed Elshimy


Dr. Mohamed Salah
Course: Optical Devices (EE365) Assistant: Eng. Camellia Saeed
Semester: Winter 2023 Experiment 1: Light Emitting Diodes

Experiment 1: Light Emitting Diodes


(LEDs)

Background

The mechanism by which light is emitted from a LED that the normally empty conduction band of the
semiconductor is populated by electrons injected into it by the forward current through the junction, and
light is generated when these electrons recombine with holes in the valence band to emit a photon in an
entirely random manner which is called Spontaneous emission. The emitted photons have random phases
and the device is an incoherent optical source. Also, the energy of the emitted photons is only roughly
equal to the band-gap energy of the semiconductor material, which gives a wide spectral linewidth.

LED characteristics
Output spectrum (Wavelength-intensity relationship)
The spectral distribution of light sources affects the performance of optical communication systems
through fiber dispersion. The spectral distribution is governed by the spectrum of spontaneous emission
and typically follows a Gaussian shape. The output spectrum of a typical 1300 nm LED is 50 nm spectral
width. the spectral width can be estimated using FWHM (the width of the spectral pattern at its half
power point)

Figure 1 Spectral response of an LED

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Modulation response
The frequency response of an LED is determined by the carrier dynamics (and therefore is limited by
the electron lifetime τn) and the parasitic capacitance of the LED (described by the RC constant τRC) If a
small, constant forward bias is applied, the influence of the parasitic capacitance of the LED can be
neglected. The LED 3-dB modulation optical bandwidth is defined as the modulation frequency at the
LED power transfer function is reduced by 3 dB. The LED 3-dB modulation optical bandwidth could be
expressed as:

Objective

To study the basic characteristics of the LED and to investigate power-current relationship by measuring
the diode’s output optical power while varying the input current and to investigate the LED modulation
response.

Procedures

Power-current relationship:

1. Connect the LED to the driver circuit. Connect an ammeter to measure the driving current as
shown in Figure 3.

DC-source
5 V.
LED
Power meter

Figure 2 Setup for power-current relationship measurement

2. Place the detector head of the power meter directly in front of the LED.
3. Now, slowly increase the diode current (by changing the value of the potentiometer). Monitor
the output power as the current increased.
4. Use the data collected for the LED to build a table where you put in the first column the input
current in mA, in the second column the power readings in mW.
5. Plot the results. (comment)

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