Cirrus Perspective

Presenter: Eduardo Cortez

Aviation Field Engineer
Garmin International

Course Outline

1. Garmin Overview

2. GPS WAAS Overview

3. LRU Descriptions

4. System Overview

5. SD Card Use

6. Synthetic Vision Technology and Database Overview

7. Troubleshooting

8. LRU Removal and Replacement

9. LRU Software/Configuration Installation

10. Return to Service Testing

11. Periodic Maintenance

12. System Software/Configuration Loading

1
 Garmin Overview

Global Supplier of Navigation, Communication and Information Products

ƒHistory of Successful Growth:

ƒ Profitable every year since the Company’s inception in 1989
ƒ World-wide presence and distribution
ƒ Vertical integration mitigates risk
ƒ Strategic emphasis on market segmentation
ƒ World-wide employment of over 9,300 associates
ƒ Global leader in each market we serve

ƒFour Business Segments – All with Growth Opportunities:

ƒ Auto/Mobile – 2007 Revenue Growth 115% - $2.3B
ƒ Aviation – 2007 Revenue Growth 27% - $295M
ƒ Outdoor/Fitness – 2007 Revenue Growth 19% - $340M
ƒ Marine – 2007 Revenue Growth 22% - $203M

History of Consistent Growth

%
: 47
GR
CA
UE
VEN
RE %
: 37
GR
E CA
OM
T INC
NE

Profitable every year since the Company first began selling product in 1991

2
 Unit Growth

Human Resources

9,357

8,435

4,286

3,034
2,484
2,020
1,575
1,297 1,329
759 851 908 1,042
446 614
45 119 234 278
8

3
GPS Navigation

Three Segments of GPS

4
 Space Segment
ƒ Satellite System (NAVSTAR)
ƒ Maintained by U.S. Department of Defense
ƒ Funded by U.S. tax dollars

Space Segment
ƒ A GPS signal contains 3 bits of information

ƒ Pseudorandom code
ƒ Identifies the transmitting satellite
ƒ Time Stamp

ƒ Almanac Data
ƒ Essential for determining position
ƒ Tells GPS Receiver where satellites should be in orbit
ƒ Hot/Cold Start
ƒ Valid for approx. 28 Days

ƒ Ephemeris Data
ƒ Satellite status
ƒ Fine tuning of position
ƒ Valid for 4-6 hours

**Auto-locate sequence is often used to fix units with corrupt almanac data.**

5
 Control Segment

ƒ Control Segment
ƒ Department of Defense
ƒ Tracks satellites
ƒ Corrects orbital & clock info
ƒ Monitoring stations
ƒ 5 unmanned
ƒ Receive data from satellites
ƒ 1 manned
ƒ Makes corrections to data

User Segment

ƒ Consists of GPS receivers and users

ƒ No subscription fees

6
 How it Works
ƒ Triangulation
ƒ 3 satellites = 2-D position
ƒ Latitude and longitude
ƒ 4 or more satellites = 3-D position
ƒ Latitude, longitude, and altitude

Your location

GPS satellite

Signal sent by satellite

Accuracy

100 meters: Original GPS system accuracy with SA

15 meters (49ft): GPS position accuracy without SA

3-5 meters (9-16ft): Differential GPS (DGPS) position accuracy

< 3 meters (< 9ft): WAAS position accuracy

7
 What Is WAAS?

Wide
Area
Augmentation
System

WAAS Objectives

1) To provide differential corrections broadcasted by

two geosynchronous satellites of atmospheric effects
data to improve position accuracies to within less than
3 meters of error horizontally and vertically
2) To provide integrity information and alarms to users
in near real-time (within 6-8 seconds) for problems with
GPS satellites

8
 HOW WAAS WORKS

• A network of 25 WAAS ground stations monitors GPS

signals
• Relays data to 2 master ground stations
• Assesses signal validity
• Computes corrections
• Creates the WAAS message
• Sends message to a ground uplink station for relay to
geostationary satellites over the equator
• Corrected differential message is then broadcast
through two WAAS satellites to WAAS-enabled GPS
receivers

GPS Satellite

WAAS
GPS Satellite

9
 WAAS Accuracy
15 Meters: Standard GPS

3 Meters: WAAS!

WAAS Position Update

5 Hertz Navigation
Position Update Every 25 ft @ 75 kts

1 Hertz Navigation Position

Update Every 125 ft @ 75 kts

10
 WAAS Coverage

• United States: Wide Area Augmentation

System (WAAS) - US Coverage Only
• Must Have Ground Stations
• Japan: Multi-Functional Satellite
Augmentation System (MSAS)
• Europe: Euro Geostationary Navigation
Overlay Service (EGNOS)

1084 LPV’s as of June 5th, 2008

11
 Proposed GPS LPV Approaches

1534 Airports and 5073 Runways

• Adding 300 per year

• Goal for every U.S. public-use
VFR and IFR runway that is at
least 3200 feet

Section 2: LRU Descriptions

12
 Perspective Line Replaceable Units (LRU’s)

4 GDU = Garmin Display Unit 4 GTX = Garmin Transponder

4 GIA = Garmin Integrated
Avionics Unit 4 GDL = Garmin Data Link Rx’r
4 GEA = Garmin Engine and
4 GFC = Garmin Flight Control
Airframe Interface Unit
4 GDC = Garmin Air Data 4 GSA = Garmin Servo Actuator
Computer (ADC)
4 GRS = Garmin Attitude & 4 GSM = Garmin Servo Mount
Heading Reference System
(AHRS) 4 GCU = Garmin Control Unit
4 GMU = Garmin Magnetometer
4 GMA = Garmin Marker Beacon 4 GMC = Garmin Mode Control
Receiver and Audio System
4 GTA = Garmin Trim Adapter

GDU1240A Primary Flight Display

•1024 x 768 pixels resolution

• High-Speed Data Bus (HSDB)
• Intel X-Scale processor
• Graphics Accelerator
• Processing power to meet future requirements
• 12 inch TFT Display

13
 GDU1240A Primary Flight Display
Next Waypoint Info Com Tuning
Attitude
Window
% Power Display
Comm
Tuning

Altitude
Airspeed and
Vertical
Speed
HSI

Map Inset
Crew
Alerting
System
(CAS)
Window
Transponder ALERTS
Window Window

User Interface Photo Cell

Comm
Volume and
Squelch
Comm Control
Frequency
Selector Comm Freq
Swap and
Hold for
SD Card
Emergency
Slots

Barometric
Setting

Inset Map
Range and
FMS Controls
Photo Cell Bezel Softkeys Pan Control

14
 GDU 1240 Multi-Function Display (MFD)
Can Display:
•Topographic
Data
•TAWS/Terrain
•Traffic
•Weather/XM
Radio
•Stormscope
Engine and •Charts
Systems
Instruments •Safetaxi
•Engine/Airframe
Data
•FMS Flightplan
and Waypoint
Data

GDU 1240 Multi-Function Display (MFD)

Nav Volume Nav Nav Status Box Destination

Control Frequency Airport Info
Window

Nav Tuning

Softkey
Buttons

15
View with PFD & MFD Removed

EMI Shield

Reversionary
Switch

The Difference in the Dials

Airspeed Altitude

Attitude Vertical Speed

DG/HSI

16
Airspeed Indicator

Attitude Indicator

17
 Altimeter

Vertical Speed Indicator

18
 Horizontal Situation Indicator

Horizontal Situation Indicator

Track Bug

Wind Data

Crosstrack Error

NAV 1 Bearing NAV 2 Bearing

19
 Where are the needle and ball?

Skid and Slip

Turn Rate

Additional information on PFD

ƒ Top
ƒ Power indication
ƒ Com frequency window
ƒ Navigation status window
ƒ Autopilot annunciation

ƒ Bottom
ƒ Outside Air Temperature
ƒ Transponder window
ƒ System time

20
Additional information on PFD
Annunciations and Alerting

•Comparator Window
•Reversionary Sensor Window
•Crew Alerting System (CAS)
•System Alert Window

Additional information on PFD

Marker Beacon

21
Barometric MDA Alerting

Barometric MDA Alerting

•Light Blue – within 2500 feet

•White – passing through 100 feet
•Yellow – passing through MDA
“Minimums, Minimums”
Minimums”

22
 Additional information on PFD
ƒ - Softkeys
ƒ CAS – Crew Alerting System
ƒ INSET - Moving map inset options
ƒ SENSOR – selects AHRS and ADC sensors
ƒ PFD - PFD configurations
ƒ OBS - GPS manual sequencing and course selection
ƒ CDI - selects HSI navigation source
ƒ DME – displays ADF/DME Tuning Window
ƒ XPDR - transponder operation
ƒ TMR/REF - reference speeds and timer
ƒ NRST - list of nearest airportsALERTS – Alert window

MFD Overview

4 Classic Garmin “Chapter/Page” layout

4 Page Groups or “Chapters”
4 Map page group
4 Waypoint page group
4 Auxiliary page group
4 Nearest page group
4 Flight Plan page group
4 Tips
4 Soft keys offer short cuts to many actions
4 Holding “CLR” for two seconds takes you back to the
default navigation page

23
 MFD Overview
Page Group Icon

The Page Group Icon shows which page group and page you
are viewing.

Page group indicator

Selected page indicator

Selected page group is highlighted
Map page group
Waypoint page group
Auxiliary page group
Nearest page group

MFD Overview
Map Page Group

1. Navigation Map 2. Traffic Map 3. Stormscope

4. Weather Radar 5. Weather Data Link 6. TAWS

24
 MFD Overview
Waypoint (WPT) Page Group

1. Airport Information 2. Intersection Information 3. NDB Information

4. VOR Information 5. User WPT Information

MFD Overview
AUX Page Group

• Trip Planning
• Utility
• GPS Status
• System Setup
• XM Information
• System Status

25
 MFD Overview
Nearest Page Group

Nearest…
Nearest…
1. Airports
2. Intersections
3. NDBs
4. VORs
5. User Waypoints
6. ARTCC/FSS/WX
7. Airspaces

MFD Overview
Flight Plan Page Group

1. Active Flight Plan 2. Flight Plan Catalog

26
 Perspective - GMA 347 Digital Audio Panel

4 Digital audio is used for the Garmin NAVs and

COMs
4 Emergency analog operation that bypasses
the GMA 347 to Pilot headset (mono only)
4 Marker Beacon Receiver
4 Intercom w/automatic and manual squelch
control
4 Music inputs
4 Telephone input
4 Voice recorder with playback
4 Autosquelch with manual mode available

GCU478, GMC705 and GMA347 Locations

GCU 478

GMC 705

GMA347

27
 Center Console Wiring Harness Example

Marker Beacon Location (Non-AC Aircraft)

MB antenna mounted
under the baggage
floor

28
Marker Beacon Location (AC Aircraft)

MB antenna under
baggage floor

Marker Beacon Location (AC Aircraft)

MB antenna under
baggage floor WX500
Stormscope

29
 Perspective - GCU 478

4 Main control interface to the

MFD
4 FMS controls
4 Com & Nav frequency controls
4 Transponder code input
4 Alphanumeric keypad for
quicker waypoint data entry
4 Autopilot HDG/CRS selectors
4 Altitude preselect input

User Interface

FMS Controls Comm/Nav Frequency Input

Autopilot HDG/CRS Inputs Selectors

Comm Active/Stby Swap

Altitude Preselect Inputs FMS/Freq/Transponder Numeric

Keys

30
 Perspective – GMC 705 Mode Controller

4 Control Interface with various AP / FD

functions including Yaw Damper!

Perspective - GDC 74A Air Data Computer

4 Range
4 Altitude -1,400 ft to 55,000 ft
4 IAS up to 430 kts
4 Operates -55oC to +70oC
4 Inputs include pitot, static and OAT
4 Supports Field Calibration

31
GDC74A Location

GDC mounted
behind the MFD

GTP59 OAT Probe

32
 Perspective - GTX 32/33 Transponders

4 Technology derived from Garmin’s GTX

330 Transponders
4 Communicates with both GIA 63 units
4 Standard Garmin Transponder features
include:
4 Auto ALT mode as speed exceeds
30kts
4 Solid State electronics require no
warm-up time
4 GTX 33 Mode S (Extended Squitter
coming)
4 GTX 32 Mode A/C

GTX Location

GTX-3X Transponder
located in tail,
accessible through
tail access panel on
right side

33
 XPDR: Ball and Spike TXP Antenna

Perspective - GIA 63W Integrated Avionics Unit

4 Communications hub for the system

4 Primary communications path for AHRS
and Air Data information
4 Interfaces with 3rd Party LRUs
4 Generates Flight Director and Autopilot
annunciations in Automatic Flight
Control Systems (AFCS)
4 Technology
4 RF leverage GNS 430/530 family
4 16 W, 8.33 kHz / 25 kHz VHF COM
4VOR/Localizer
4Glide Slope receiver
4GPS receiver with Fault Detection
Exclusion (FDE)
4WAAS receiver

34
 Fault Detection and Exclusion

FDE
ƒ Requirement for “GPS” as a Primary Means of Navigation for
Oceanic/Remote Operations.
ƒ It uses a minimum of 6 satellites to not only detect a possible
faulty satellite, but to exclude it from the navigation solution so
the navigation function can continue without interruption.
ƒ The goal of fault detection is to detect the presence of a
positioning failure.
ƒ Upon detection, proper fault exclusion determines and
excludes the source of the failure thereby allowing GPS
navigation to continue without interruption.
ƒ Fault Detection: detection of an unacceptable error.
ƒ Fault Exclusion: upon detection, exclude the source.

GIA 1 Location

GIA 1
mounted
behind the
PFD

35
 GIA 2 Location

GIA 2
mounted
behind the
MFD

GIA Connector View

Seperately
powered
comm
section
GPS Antenna
Connection

VOR/LOC & GS Antenna

Connections

36
 VOR/GS Splitter

Mounted on the
right side of the
fuselage below
the instrument
panel

Copilot Side Stick

Perspective - GEA 71 Engine/Airframe Interface

4 Extensive Engine and Airframe input

capabilities
4 Various Engine Sensors
4Temp
4Pressure
4Flow
4 Electrical system data
4 Oxygen System
4 TKS Quantity
4 Communicates with both GIA 63s via
RS485 buss

37
 GEA Location

Mounted behind the

MFD

Antenna Locations

Skywatch
Comm 1

Transponder
Comm 2

38
 NAV and GPS Antenna

GPS1/XM

VOR/LOC/GS

GDL-69A Data Link Receiver

4 Space based WX broadcast

over XM Satellite Radio

4 WxWorx (XM WX) data

4 16+ WX types

4 GDL-69A option offers 170+

Channels of Digital
Infotainment

39
40
 GDL69/A Location

GDL–69 mounted in
tail

XM Remote Control

Passenger XM Audio Remote Control

GRC 10
ƒ Wireless remote controller for the GDL69A
ƒ Allows passengers to select channel, music
category, presets, and volume

GRT 10
• Remote Transceiver for the GDL 69A
• Enables passengers to tune XM with a GRC
10 wireless remote
• RS-232 connection to GDL 69A

41
 GRT/GRC 10

GRT 10 Location

Mounted in the tail. Serial

number of unit required to
pair with the GRC10
controller. Cirrus records
this serial number and
helpdesk should be able to
provide if required.

42
 Perspective - GRS 77 AHRS

4 Rapid alignment during taxi

4 Typically aligns in less than 1 min.!
4 In-Air Dynamic Restarts
4 Bank angles up to 20 degrees!
4 Robust
4 Operates well in absence of GPS, Air
Data, or Magnetometer!
4 Inherent redundancy / integrity
4 Dual AHRS option used in SR22

43
 GRS 77 Operation

GRS 1 and 2 Location

Both GRS units mounted

behind the PFD

44
 Perspective - GMU 44 Magnetometer

4 Provide magnetic heading information

4 Communicate directly to GRS 77
4 RS-485 & RS-232
4 GRS 77 (AHRS) provides power
4 Senses magnetic field in three axis (XYZ)
4 Dual AHRS uses 1 MAG per GRS77
4 Each MAG is dedicated to one GRS

GMU Location

45
 GMU Mounting Plate

Servo Actuator & Servo Mount

4 The GSA 80/81 Servo “Smart”

Smart”
Actuators provide autopilot
control output to the Roll,
Pitch and Yaw axis
4 GSA 80 used for Yaw
4 GSA 81s used for Pitch &
Roll
4 The GSM85A provides the
output torque from the servo
to the mechanical flight
control surface linkage

46
 YAW Servo Location

ROLL Servo Location

Mounted under the rear

seat floor area

47
 Pitch Servo Location

Mounted under
the rear
baggage floor

Servo Trim Adapter

4 Used to allow the GFC to drive a 3rd party
motor
4 Used in Perspective for both auto trim
(autopilot controlled) and manual trim
inputs with AP disengaged

48
 Roll Servo and Pitch Trim Adapter Location

Mounted under the

rear seat floor area

Configuration Modules

Configuration files for the Perspective system are the files that tell the different LRU’s what
type of aircraft they are installed in.

These files will be used to “Wake Up” the system during power up, so the system knows all
applicable parameters. For example; airspeed limitations, the correct colors can be
displayed on the Airspeed tape for the white green yellow and red ranges. Engine Indicating
System (EIS) display green arcs and red line values for the MP, tach, oil pressure, EGT, etc.

These values that are stored in the configuration modules used in the Perspective systems
are referred to as the “SET” values.

The values that each individual LRU’s are currently using when they are powered up are
called the “Active” values.

These values can be viewed on each respective LRU’s RS232 / ARINC 429 CONFIG page in
configuration mode.

49
Configuration Module

Thermocouple

*Note: Wire
Orientation

50
 GEA Config Module

4 GEA: configuration modules contain temperature sensors

4 The thermocouple provides changes in temp compared to the
configuration module temp sensor
4 Does not hold backup GEA configuration files, the PFD “master”
configuration module does

51
 Config Modules

Physical Architecture

52
 Physical Architecture

Section 3: Systems Overview

53
54
 3rd Party Avionics
Communicate to GIA2
• WX500 Stormscope
• SkyWatch Traffic
• KR87 ADF
• KN63 DME

55
 Typical Perspective AHRS/ADC Option
Dual AHRS, Single ADC

RS-232
HSDB
PFD MFD
(GDU 1XXX) (GDU 1XXX) ARINC 429

ADC
(GDC 74A)

Integrated
Integrated
Avionics #1
Avionics #2
(GIA 63W)
(GIA 63W)
AHRS #1 AHRS #2
I/O Mag #1 (GRS 77) (GRS 77) Mag #2
(GMU 44) (GMU 44) I/O

Communication Protocols

Ethernet/HSDB
• Proprietary high-speed data bus providing upper level communication
• Point-to-point full duplex capable of 10Mbits/s
• Exclusive communication between GDUs and GIAs, GDUs, GDL and
GDUs
•Utilizes IEEE 802.3 data link layer broadcast messages for
communication packets

56
 Communication Protocols

ARINC 429
ƒ Unidirectional high and low speed with parity integrity checks
ƒ Standard aviation protocol
ƒ AHRS to GDU (primary path for displayed data)
ƒ AHRS to GIAs (backup path for displayed data and primary path
to servos)
ƒ ADC to GDU (primary path for displayed data ) and GRS
ƒ ADC to GIAs (backup path for displayed data and primary path
to servos)

Communication Protocols

RS-232
ƒ Primary data path for GIA internal sensors
ƒ Uses checksum and loopback integrity
ƒ Code uploading and configuration path between GIA and
GRS/GDC units as well as GPS data to the GRS
ƒ Uses CRC-16 and CRC-32 integrity check
ƒ Primary GIA to GTX for all functions
ƒ Uses checksum for validition
ƒ Code uploading from GRS to GMU
ƒ CRC-32 integrity checked
ƒ Primary GIA to GMA path for VHF COM selection and
code/configuration uploading.
ƒ CRC-16 integrity check

57
 Communication Protocols

RS-485
ƒ Bi-directional point to point with a fixed 115.2k bits/s baud
ƒ CRC-16 integrity check
ƒ Primary GIA and GEA path for engine/airframe sensor
information
ƒ Primary GIA to GSA path

Comm/Nav

GCU 478
Control of Radios &
Various NAV & FMS
Functions

GTX33 or
GTX32
Transponder

58
Flight Instrumentation

Engine Indications

59
 Flight Data Recorder

ƒ Non Garmin avionics

ƒ Garmin outputs data that is logged in-flight
ƒ USB connection to download stored data

Section 4: SD Card Use

60
 Use of Secure Digital Cards

ƒ Total of 8 SD cards involved

with the Perspective system
ƒ 6 cards stay in the airplane (3
in GDU slots, 3 in a box
hidden in the baggage area)
ƒ Database cards are updated
as required prior to delivery
by the Cirrus Ownership Team

Software/Configuration Loader Card

Card Number 1 – Loader Card

Production
ƒ Used to load production software
and configuration files
ƒ Temporarily installed in MFD upper
slot then PFD upper slot
ƒ Card is removed and does not go Loader
with aircraft Card
Cirrus and GARMIN Service Network
ƒ Software/Configuration files are
available on the GARMIN Dealer
web site for Perspective trained
shops
ƒ Requires SD card reader/writer and
SD card
ƒ EASA customers may be required to
contact Cirrus to obtain a pre-
loaded card

61
 TAWS Unlock

Card Number 2 – TAWS Unlock

Production
ƒ Part in stock at Cirrus - Cirrus
PN 24639-003, Garmin PN 010-
00330-51
ƒ Put into PFD upper slot and
then removed
ƒ Card stays with airplane in black
plastic box hidden in baggage
area
ƒ Once used the card is locked to
that Perspective system

Cirrus and GARMIN Service

Network
ƒ Use only required in cases in
which the AIRFRAME file is
reloaded

Synthetic Vision Technology Unlock

Card Number 3 – SynVis Unlock

Production
ƒ Part in stock at Cirrus - Cirrus
PN 24639-001, Garmin PN 010-
00330-54
ƒ Put into PFD upper slot and
then removed
ƒ Card stays with airplane in
black plastic box hidden in
baggage area
ƒ Once used the card is locked to
that Perspective system

Cirrus and GARMIN Service

Network
ƒ Use only required in cases in
which the AIRFRAME file is
reloaded

62
 Jeppesen ChartView Unlock

Card Number 4 – Jeppesen Chart Unlock

ƒ Production
ƒ Part in stock at Cirrus - Cirrus PN
24639-002, Garmin PN 010-00330-
53
ƒ Option vs GARMIN FliteCharts in
North America
ƒ Put into PFD upper slot and then
removed.
ƒ Card stays with airplane in black
plastic box hidden in baggage area
ƒ Once used the card is locked to
that Perspective system

Cirrus and GARMIN Service Network

ƒ Use only required in cases in which
the AIRFRAME file is reloaded

GARMIN Supplemental Databases

Card Number 5 & 6 - Supplemental Data (2 ea.)

CAUTION: Terrain
Production & Cirrus Ownership Team
database is currently
ƒ Part in stock at Cirrus - Cirrus PN 24646-
not updatable on
002, Garmin PN 010-00330-43
GARMIN website for
ƒ Cards inserted into PFD and MFD lower
-43 cards
slots and remain there
ƒ Once used the card is locked to that
Perspective system
ƒ Ownership team updates the
Obstacle/SafeTaxi/FliteChart databases as
required before customer delivery

Cirrus Customer
ƒ Databases can be updated for a fee on
GARMIN website

63
 Databases

Jeppesen NavData

Card Number 7 – Jeppesen NavData

Cirrus Production & Cirrus Ownership
Team
ƒ Downloads data via the Jepps
website
ƒ Card inserted into one GDU then
the other to update data
ƒ Data is loaded into the GDU non- Jeppesen
volatile memory NavData
ƒ Card removed from system after
update

Cirrus Customer
ƒ Jeppesen NavData updated for a
fee via Jeppesen website

64
 Cirrus Checklists and Jepps ChartView
Card Number 8 –Checklists, Startup Screens
and Jeppesen ChartView data
Production
ƒ Start with Blank Card - Cirrus PN Cirrus
53122-001
Checklists/
ƒ Download Checklists/Startup
screens data from Cirrus internet. Startup Screens
Be sure to select correct Turbo or &
non-turbo files
JeppView
ƒ Download JeppView Charts data via
the internet using the Cirrus Charts
production JSUM account
ƒ Put card into MFD upper slot and
remains there

Cirrus Ownership Team

ƒ Updates ChartView prior to customer Files downloaded onto this card:
delivery •Charts (folder) – downloaded from Jeppesen
ƒ Card is returned to upper MFD slot JSUM
for flight •Fonts (folder) – downloaded from Jeppesen JSUM
•Cklist.ace – checklists downloaded from Cirrus
Cirrus Customer intranet
•Startup-scn (folder) – startup screens downloaded
ƒ Jeppesen ChartView data updated from Cirrus intranet
for a fee via Jeppesen website

Where are the cards?

65
 Section 5: SVT and Database Overview

Synthetic Vision Technology– Interface

Flight Path Marker (FPM) Zero Pitch Line

•Position is projected from •The line not always aligned
GPS-derived position with the terrain horizon
•Altitude is projected forward •Terrain above the aircraft
along GPS-derived velocity altitude will appear above the
vector zero-pitch line and terrain below
the aircraft altitude will appear
•FPM is invalidated when below the zero-pitch line
Ground Speed < 30kts or SVS
invalid

Terrain Coloration
•Same as plan-view
moving map
•Conflict symbology is
indicated by changing the
color of the ground to
correspond to the color of
the terrain alert for an area
around the alert

66
 SVT – Interface
Obstacles
•Consists of 3-D representations of corresponding symbol used on plan-view
moving map
•Depicted if highest point is within 1000ft vertically of aircraft
•Color:
•Grey, if not alerted by FLTA
•Yellow (Caution) or Red (Warning), if alerted by FLTA

SVT – Interface
Traffic Runways
•3-D representations of corresponding symbols on plan-view •Runway data superimposed on terrain
map page data
•Traffic not depicted if within 1000-ft laterally of plane’s current •Includes runways designations and
location thresholds
•Coloring: same as symbol shown on plan-view moving map • Surfaces and labels visible if either
runway end within 2nm of airplane
•Runway borders have white outline for
improved visibility
•If runway is in flight plan, it has additional
highlight

Water
•Large bodies of water (oceans, major
rivers/lakes)
•Terrain conflict symbology indicated by
changing color of water to correspond to
the color of the terrain alert

67
 Pathways – Overview

ƒ Overview
ƒ Intended to provide greater awareness of the aircraft’s position relative to the desired path
ƒ Three dimensional depiction in primary field of view
ƒ Secondary source of navigation information:
ƒ Pathways will be removed when primary navigation information (CDI, VDI) is not
available

-43 Supplemental Database SD Cards

GARMIN Databases Contained on Card

ƒ Worldwide Terrain
ƒ High resolution data required for synthetic
vision technology
ƒ Airport Terrain
ƒ Always coupled with WW Terrain
ƒ Obstacles
ƒ Man-made towers, etc
ƒ SafeTaxi
ƒ Detailed taxiway, runway and ramp maps
ƒ FliteCharts
ƒ Electronic NACO terminal procedures
ƒ Basemap
ƒ Originally programmed in GDU at factory
ƒ Updates are on the -43 card
ƒ Loaded into the GDU non-volatile memory

68
 Database Overview

Distributer Database Update Rate Time Limit Approx. Data Size

Garmin Terrain/Airport Approx. None Terrain 92MB
Terrain 1/yr Airport 24MB
Garmin Obstacle 56 days None 4MB
Garmin SafeTaxi 56 days None 6MB
Garmin FliteCharts 28 days Inoperative 180 700MB full
days after 250MB
expiration incremental
Garmin Basemap Very None 12MB
infrequent

Jeppesen Navigation 28 days None 11MB Worldwide

5MB Americas
5MB International
Jeppesen ChartView 14 days Inoperative 70 450MB Worldwide
days after 150MB Americas
expiration
Cirrus Checklist File Up to Cirrus None 1MB

Database Update Overview

Distributor Database Update

Garmin Terrain/Airport Terrain ƒ All Perspective aircraft leave Cirrus
with these databases current, no
need to update until Garmin provides
notification that an update exists
ƒ Currently for -43 cards only
available by contacting Garmin
ƒ Requires cards from PFD and MFD
ƒ Requires SD card reader/writer
Garmin Obstacle/Safetaxi/FliteCha ƒ Available on the Garmin website for
rts one time or subscription updates
ƒ Requires cards from PFD and MFD
ƒ Requires SD card reader/writer
Jeppesen Navdata and ChartView ƒ Available on the Jeppesen website
using
ƒ Requires customer supplied SD card
and Jeppesen JSUM program
Cirrus Checklists ƒ No scheduled updates, but checklist
files are available on the Cirrus SC
website

69
 Section 6: Troubleshooting

Cirrus Perspective LM on Garmin Website

LMM Sections
1. LRU Descriptions
2. System Overview
3. Configuration Mode
4. Troubleshooting
5. LRU Replacement Procedures
Available on Garmin
6. LRU Software Install & Testing
Website via Dealer link
7. Return to Service Testing with a Cirrus or Garmin
8. Periodic Maintenance provided login.
9. System Reconfiguration

70
 Cirrus AMM on Cirrus Website

Cirrus Wiring Manual on Cirrus Website

71
 Failed LRU or Communication to LRU

Friday – 5pm:

Messages & Annunciations

72
 AUX – SYSTEM STATUS Page

Configuration Mode

Press and hold the ENT key or Soft Key number 12 and then apply
power to enter configuration mode on the PFD or the MFD. Release
the button after the words “INITIALIZING SYSTEM”
SYSTEM” appear in the
upper left corner of the screen.
• It is required to have all displays in same mode
• Use FMS controls to navigate and program configuration pages

Perspective Softkeys

73
 Entering data using FMS knobs

4 Twisty-Twisty
4 Pushy-Pushy

Entering data using FMS knobs

4 Twist
4 Push

4 To change Page groups: Large FMS knob

4 To change Pages: Little FMS knob
4 To activate the cursor: Push the little FMS knob
4 To cycle the cursor thru various fields: Large FMS knob
4 To change data in a field: Little FMS knob ***
4 To confirm a selection press: ENTER
4 To cancel a selection: push the little FMS knob again

74
Configuration Page Groups and Pages

Example of a #2 AHRS Failure

Note an ALERT
is triggered
indicating that
there is a #2
HDG fault

75
Example of a #2 AHRS Failure

By pressing the
SENSOR softkey
on the PFD and
the AHRS2
softkey you can
see red X’s
(flags) for both
the attitude and
HDG

Example of a #2 AHRS Failure

By navigating to
the AUX –
SYSTEM STATUS
page on the MFD
you can see that
again both the
GRS2 and GMU2
are showing a
failed status

76
Example of a #2 AHRS Failure

Going into
configuration
mode and
selecting the GRS
page you can see
here that there is
no data being
communicated
from the #2 GRS

Example of a #2 AHRS Failure

One more source,

the MFD 232/429
data page in
configuration
mode shows us
that the path
between the MFD
and the #2 GRS
has failed.

77
AFCS Troubleshooting Example

Annunciations and Alerts

Page 2-
2-37

AFCS Annunciations

Page 2-
2-38

78
 MFD AUX 7 page
GSA Servos show information twice because of CTL and MON reporting
GSM 85 Mounts do not report serial number – no electronic parts inside

PFD Wake-up, No AP till AHRS & GDC are up.

79
Normal to see briefly during power up – if a problem is found
during power up the indication will not go away

If an error is found during preflight test (PFT) text box will change from
white to red.

80
GFC Configuration Page

Page 2-56

GIA/GSA Testing

This is the series of

screens you will see
in normal config mode.

Page 2-56

81
 GSA/GSM Testing

Here’s an example of using a

Diagnostic Terminal page to look
deeper into a servo maintenance
log to help determine the root
cause.

The ability to copy the

maintenance log to an SD card
allows a technician to send a file
to Garmin for further guidance.

GFC Configuration Page

• Information preset by the GFC configuration files loaded in the GIA63s

Found on GFC chapter; page 1

82
 SAFETY WARNING

ƒ You are about to learn something that can damage the plane

GFC Status Page

• GSA Selection Found on GFC chapter; page 2

83
 Normal GSA Indication

• Roll Servo selected

Normal GSA Indication

• Roll Servo selected

84
 Normal GSA Indication

• Roll Servo selected

Normal GSA Indication

• Roll Servo selected – Servo engaged

85
 Normal GSA Indication

•Servo is engaged and running – RPM is adjustable and set by pushing the ENT
•Servo Data gives drive voltage, speed, current and Torque value

Example of a Working GEA

Here’s an example
of a properly
working GEA. This
page can help
troubleshoot a
problem external
to the GEA as well
identify a failed
GEA. The 10Vdc
output is used to
drive both the
tach sensor and
the pitot heat
sensor. If there is
a short on either
this voltage will
be very low.

86
 Example of a Working GIA1

Section 7: LRU Removal and Replacement

87
 Typical Procedure

Section 8 : LRU Software Installation

88
 Cautions Before Loading SW/CFG

• We’ll look at one of the more complicated LRU loads to emphasize the
need to utilize the Line Maintenance Manual and/or Cirrus Aircraft
Maintenance Manual procedures when replacing units and loading software
and/or configuration files.

Procedure for PFD Replacement

89
Procedure for PFD Replacement

Procedure for PFD Replacement

90
Procedure for PFD Replacement

Procedure for PFD Replacement

91
 Procedure for PFD Replacement

Note: this particular step in the LMM (REV B) is missing the

Transponder configuration file.

Procedure for PFD Replacement

92
Procedure for PFD Replacement

Procedure for PFD Replacement

93
Section 9 : Return to Svc Testing

94
 Section 10 : Periodic Maintenance

Testing Procedures

1. Pitot/Static Testing
2. Altimeter
3. Airspeed
4. Vertical Speed
5. Transponder
6. GRS Mag field (Updated every 5 years)
7. Servo Visual inspection (Annual or every 1000 hours)
8. Slip Clutches (Every 12 months)
9. Mount Grease Procedure (Every 3 years of 1000 hours)

Above are the items listed in Section 9 of the Garmin Perspective Line
Maintenance Manual that should be routinely checked. See the LMM for
details.

95
 GDU Backup Capacitor Check

Note that Section 9.7 in Rev. B of the LMM states that a

test to verify the operation of backup caps is required.
This test is no longer required and will be removed from
subsequent revisions to the manual.

Section 11 : System Software/Configuration

Loading

96
Software Overview

Configuration
Files

97
98
99
100
101
 Unlocking Locked Features
Unlocking TAWS, ChartView or Synthetic Vision Technology uses the
same procedure, just with different SD card part numbers.
• Insert the SVS Enable card {(010-00330-54) for two tube unit, (010-
00330-55) for three tube unit} into the top card slot of PFD#1.
• While holding the ENT key on PFD#1, apply power by closing the PFD#1
circuit breaker.
• When the words appear in the upper left corner of the
PFD, release the ENT key.
• Activate the cursor and rotate the small FMS knob to select configuration
files and press ENT key.

102
 Enabling SVS Configuration cont.

• Move cursor to “Enable SVS single PFD” and rotate small FMS knob
to activate drop down window.

• Select “Enable SVS single PFD” and press ENT key.

Enabling SVS Configuration cont.

• Press the LOAD soft key to Enable SVS.

ƒ 8. Once activation is completed turn off power and then re-

power system.

103
Questions?

104