Spanish standard

UNE-EN 13016-1
October 2018

Liquid petroleum products

Vapour pressure
Part 1: Determination of air saturated vapour pressure
(ASVP) and calculated dry vapour pressure equivalent
(DVPE)

This standard has been prepared by the Technical

Committee CTN 51 Petroleum products the Secretariat
of which is held by AOP.

Asociación Española
de Normalización
Génova, 6 - 28004 Madrid
915 294 900
info@une.org
www.une.org

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 UNE-EN 13016-1

Liquid petroleum products

Vapour pressure
Part 1: Determination of air saturated vapour pressure (ASVP) and calculated
dry vapour pressure equivalent (DVPE)

Productos petrolíferos líquidos. Presión de vapor. Parte 1: Determinación de la presión de vapor

saturado en aire (ASVP) y la presión de vapor seco equivalente calculada (DVPE).

Produits pétroliers liquides. Pression de vapeur. Partie 1: Détermination de la pression de vapeur

saturée en air (PVSA) et de la pression de vapeur sèche équivalente calculée (PVSE).

This standard is the official English version of EN 13016-1:2018.

This standard was published as UNE-EN 13016-1:2018, which is the definitive Spanish
version.
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The remarks to this document must be sent to:

Asociación Española de Normalización

Génova, 6
28004 MADRID-España
Tel.: 915 294 900
info@une.org
www.une.org
Depósito legal: M 35613:2018

” UNE 2018
Reproduction is prohibited
Published by AENOR without the S.A.U.
INTERNACIONAL express consent
under of UNE.
licence of Asociación Española de Normalización.
Forbidden
All reproduction
intellectual property rights relating to this standard are owned by UNE.

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 EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 13016-1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM April 2018

ICS 75.160.20 Supersedes EN 13016-1:2007

English Version

Liquid petroleum products - Vapour pressure - Part 1:

Determination of air saturated vapour pressure (ASVP)
and calculated dry vapour pressure equivalent (DVPE)
Produits pétroliers liquides - Pression de vapeur - Flüssige Mineralölerzeugnisse - Dampfdruck - Teil 1:
Partie 1 : Détermination de la pression de vapeur Bestimmung des luftgesättigten Dampfdruckes (ASVP)
saturée en air (PVSA) et de la pression de vapeur sèche und des berechneten dem trockenen Dampfdruck
équivalente calculée (PVSE) entsprechenden Druckes (DVPE)

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 27 November 2017.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.
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EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION

COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels

© 2018 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 13016-1:2018 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

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 EN 13016-1:2018 (E)

Contents Page

European foreword....................................................................................................................................................... 3
Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................... 4
1 Scope .................................................................................................................................................................... 5
2 Normative references .................................................................................................................................... 5
3 Terms and definitions ................................................................................................................................... 5
4 Principle ............................................................................................................................................................. 6
5 Reagents and materials................................................................................................................................. 6
6 Apparatus........................................................................................................................................................... 6
7 Sampling ............................................................................................................................................................. 7
8 Sample preparation........................................................................................................................................ 8
9 Preparation of apparatus ............................................................................................................................. 8
10 Calibration of apparatus ............................................................................................................................... 9
10.1 Pressure transducer....................................................................................................................................... 9
10.2 Temperature measuring device................................................................................................................. 9
11 Verification of apparatus........................................................................................................................... 10
11.1 Reference fluid check ................................................................................................................................. 10
11.2 Quality control checks ................................................................................................................................ 10
12 Procedure........................................................................................................................................................ 10
13 Calculation ...................................................................................................................................................... 11
14 Expression of results................................................................................................................................... 11
15 Precision .......................................................................................................................................................... 12
15.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 12
15.2 Repeatability, r .............................................................................................................................................. 12
15.3 Reproducibility, R ........................................................................................................................................ 12
16 Test report ...................................................................................................................................................... 12
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Annex A (informative) Precision for elevated temperature and smaller sample containers ......... 13
Annex B (normative) Accepted reference values ............................................................................................ 14
Bibliography ................................................................................................................................................................. 16

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 EN 13016-1:2018 (E)

European foreword

This document (EN 13016-1:2018) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 19 “Gaseous
and liquid fuels, lubricants and related products of petroleum, synthetic and biological origin”, the
secretariat of which is held by NEN.

This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2018, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by October 2018.

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

This document supersedes EN 13016-1:2007.

This new edition has been updated by enlarging the scope to include ethanol blends of up to
85 % (V/V). The range for the instrument verification fluids has been widened and new
typical/consensus values added in an annex. The precision statements have been updated following a
global evaluation in 2016.

EN 13016 consists of the following parts, under the general title Liquid petroleum products — Vapour
pressure:

— Part 1: Determination of air saturated vapour pressure (ASVP) and calculated dry vapour pressure
equivalent (DVPE);

— Part 2: Determination of absolute pressure (AVP) between 40 C and 100 C;

— Part 3: Determination of vapour pressure and calculated dry vapour pressure equivalent (DVPE)
(Triple Expansion Method).

This part is based on and developed in parallel with IP 394 [9] and ASTM D5191 [5].

According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
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Turkey and the United Kingdom.

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 EN 13016-1:2018 (E)

Introduction

Vapour pressure is used as a classification criterion for the safe handling and carriage of petroleum
products, feedstocks and components; it has a relationship to the potential for hydrocarbon emissions,
under uncontrolled conditions, and thus is the subject of environmental scrutiny.
Vapour pressure limitations are often imposed to prevent pump cavitation during transfer operations.
Vapour pressure is one measure of the volatility characteristics of fuels used in many differing types of
engines with large variations in operating temperatures. Fuels having a high vapour pressure may
vaporize too readily in the fuel handling systems, resulting in decreased flow to the engine and possible
stoppage by vapour lock. Conversely, fuels of low vapour pressure may not vaporize readily enough,
resulting in difficult starting, slow warm-up and poor acceleration.
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 EN 13016-1:2018 (E)

1 Scope
This European Standard specifies a method for the determination of the air saturated vapour pressure
(ASVP) (total vapour pressure), exerted in vacuo, by volatile, low viscosity petroleum products,
components, ethanol blends up to 85 % (V/V), and feedstocks containing air. A dry vapour pressure
equivalent (DVPE) can be calculated from the air containing vapour pressure (ASVP) measurement.
The conditions used in the test described in this standard are a vapour-to-liquid ratio of 4:1 and a test
temperature of 37,8 °C.
The equipment is not wetted with water during the test, and the method described is therefore suitable
for testing samples with or without oxygenates; no account is taken of dissolved water in the sample.
This method described is suitable for testing air saturated samples with a DVPE between 15,5 kPa and
106,0 kPa; vapour pressures outside this range can be measured but the precision has not been
determined.
This document is applicable to fuels containing oxygenated compounds up to the limits stated in the
relevant Council Directive 85/536/EEC [10], and for ethanol-fuel blends up to 85 % (V/V) ethanol.
NOTE For the purposes of this European Standard, the terms “% (m/m)”and “% (V/V)” are used to represent
the mass and volume fractions respectively.

WARNING — The use of this standard can involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This
standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of users of this standard to take appropriate measures to ensure the safety and health of
personnel prior to application of the standard, and fulfil statutory and regulatory requirements for this
purpose.

2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN ISO 3170, Petroleum liquids — Manual sampling (ISO 3170)

3 Terms and definitions

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For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
air saturated vapour pressure
ASVP
observed pressure exerted in vacuo consisting of the partial pressure of petroleum products,
components and feedstocks, in the absence on non-dissolved water, and the partial pressure of
dissolved air

3.2
dry vapour pressure equivalent
DVPE
vapour pressure equivalent value calculated by a statistical correlation formula to a dry Reid vapour
pressure as measured by ASTM D4953 [4]

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 EN 13016-1:2018 (E)

4 Principle
A cooled air saturated sample of known volume is injected into a thermostatically controlled evacuated
chamber, or into a chamber that is evacuated by means of a moveable piston after sample introduction,
the internal volume of which is five times that of the total test portion introduced into the chamber.
After injection into the chamber, the sample is allowed to reach thermal equilibrium at the test
temperature 37,8 °C. The resulting total pressure in the chamber is equivalent to the vapour pressure of
the sample and the partial pressure of the dissolved air and is measured using a pressure sensor and
indicator. The measured total vapour pressure can be converted to a dry vapour pressure equivalent
(DVPE) by use of a correlation formula.

5 Reagents and materials

Use chemicals of 99 % (m/m) minimum purity for samples for verification of apparatus.
5.1 Pentane.

5.2 2,2 Dimethylbutane.

5.3 2,3 Dimethylbutane.

5.4 Cyclopentane.

5.5 Toluene.

6 Apparatus
6.1 Instrument:

6.1.1 The instrument shall conform to the general requirements given in 6.1.2 to 6.1.6 and be
installed, operated and maintained in accordance with the manufacturer's manual.

NOTE Full details of suitable instruments are not given because of differences in the way that the basic
principles are applied by individual manufacturers.

6.1.2 The system shall be configured to enable the test chamber to be evacuated and isolated, the
sample to be drained, and the system flushed and purged as necessary.
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6.1.3 The test chamber shall be vacuum-tight, with a provision for introducing the sample, and shall
be capable of containing between 5 ml and 50 ml of liquid and vapour with an accuracy of 1 %.

6.1.3.1 The accuracy of the 4:1 vapour to liquid ratio used in this test method shall be within 3,95:1
and 4,05:1.

6.1.3.2 The test chamber shall be capable of controlling the temperature of the sample to achieve
the specified test temperature to within ± 0,1 °C.

6.1.3.3 Temperature measuring device, a sensor with a resolution of 0,1 °C and an accuracy of
0,1 °C, with calibration/verification traceable to national measurement standards.

NOTE The test chambers used in the instruments that generated the precision statements were constructed
from either aluminium or stainless steel.

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 EN 13016-1:2018 (E)

6.1.3.4 Test chambers with capacities less than 5 ml or greater than 50 ml may be used but the
precision of the method can be affected.

6.1.4 The apparatus shall be capable of measuring the vapour pressure of small samples of petroleum
products, components and feedstocks up to, at least, 130,0 kPa, by means of a pressure transducer.

6.1.4.1 Pressure transducer having a minimum measuring range from 0 kPa to 130 kPa, with an
accuracy of ≤ 0,8 kPa and a resolution of ≤ 0,1 kPa with calibration/verification traceable to national
measurement standards.

6.1.5 If a vacuum pump is required for use with the instrument, it shall be capable of reducing the
pressure in the test chamber to less than 0,01 kPa absolute.

6.1.6 If a vacuum-tight syringe or similar equipment is required for measuring or injecting the
required volume of sample into the test chamber, it shall be sized appropriately to the required sample
size with an accuracy of at least 1 %.

6.2 Cooling equipment, iced-water bath or refrigerator, capable of cooling the samples and any
syringes (6.1.6) used, to a temperature of between 0 °C and 1 °C, where a suitably safe refrigerator
should be used with highly volatile petroleum products.

6.3 Barometer, capable of measuring atmospheric pressure within an accuracy of 0,1 kPa or better
and with calibration/verification traceable to national measurement standards.

6.4 Vacuum gauge, covering at least the range 0,01 kPa to 0,67 kPa, with an accuracy and resolution
of ± 0,1 kPa with calibration/verification traceable to national measurement standards.

7 Sampling
7.1 Due to the extreme sensitivity of vapour pressure measurements to losses through evaporation
and the resulting changes in composition, the utmost precaution and the most meticulous care shall be
taken in the drawing and handling of samples.

7.2 Samples shall be drawn in accordance with EN ISO 3170 and/or in accordance with the
requirements of National Standards for the sampling of the product under test. However, the water
displacement technique shall not be used.

The drawing of samples using automatic techniques, such as those described in EN ISO 3171 [2], is not
recommended unless the technique has been proven not to lose light ends from the product or
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component being sampled. Loss of light ends can affect the vapour pressure measurement.
7.3 For routine testing, the sample shall be supplied in a sealed container, constructed of suitable
material, of at least 250 ml capacity. The container shall be a minimum of 70 % (V/V) full of sample at
the time of receipt. See also 15.1.

7.4 Protect samples from excessive temperatures, as soon as possible, prior to testing. This can be
accomplished by storage in the cooling equipment (6.2).

7.5 Samples in leaking containers shall not be considered for testing, but shall be discarded and new
samples obtained.

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 EN 13016-1:2018 (E)

8 Sample preparation
8.1 The vapour pressure determination shall be the first test on a sample. For referee testing, only
one test portion shall be taken from the container; for routine testing, it is permitted for further samples
to be taken from the same container and 8.2 to 8.6 shall be followed.

NOTE An ASTM precision evaluation in 2003 [7] indicated that when a second test portion was taken from a
250 ml sample container a slight loss of vapour pressure was observed.

8.2 Before the sample container is opened, place it in the cooling equipment (6.2) and allow sufficient
time for the container and contents to cool to between 0 °C and 1 °C.

Sufficient time to reach this temperature may be ensured by direct measurement of the temperature of
a similar liquid in a similar container placed in the same bath at the same time as the sample.
8.3 With the sample at 0 °C to 1 °C, remove the container from the cooling equipment and wipe dry
with an absorbent material. Unseal the container (if it is not transparent) and examine the sample
content.

8.4 The sample content shall be 70 % (V/V) to 80 % (V/V) of the container capacity. Discard the
sample if its volume is less than 70 % (V/V) of the container capacity. If the container is more than
80 % (V/V) full, pour out a sufficient amount of sample to bring the container contents within the
70 % (V/V) to 80 % (V/V) range. Under no circumstances shall any sample be returned to the container
if it has been previously poured out. Reseal the container and return it to the cooling equipment (6.2).

8.5 To ensure that the sample is air saturated, remove the container from the cooling equipment
when the sample is at 0 °C to 1 °C. Wipe the container dry with absorbent material, unseal it quickly and
reseal it immediately taking care that no water enters, and shake vigorously. Return to the cooling
equipment for a minimum of 2 min.

8.6 Repeat 8.5 two more times. Return the sample to the cooling equipment until commencing the
test.

9 Preparation of apparatus
9.1 Prepare the instrument for operation in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.

9.2 Prepare the test chamber, as required to avoid contamination of the test portion, according to the
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manufacturer's instructions. Where an evacuated chamber is used, visually determine from the
instrument display that the test chamber pressure is stable and does not exceed 0,1 kPa. When the
pressure is not stable, or exceeds this value, check that no traces of volatile components are present in
the chamber from a previous sample or check the calibration of the pressure transducer.

9.3 If a syringe is used for injection of the test portion, cool it to between 0 °C and 1 °C in the cooling
equipment (6.2) before drawing in the sample. Avoid water contamination of the syringe reservoir by
suitably sealing the outlet of the syringe during the cooling process.

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 EN 13016-1:2018 (E)

10 Calibration of apparatus

10.1 Pressure transducer

10.1.1 Check the calibration of the pressure transducer at 37,8 °C, or at a temperature as
recommended by the manufacturer, when required as indicated from the quality control or reference
fluid checks. The calibration of the pressure transducer shall be checked using two reference points:
zero pressure (<0,1 kPa) and the ambient barometric pressure.

The required calibration frequency of the pressure transducer can vary with instrument type and
frequency of use. It is recommended that a calibration check be carried out at least every 6 months.
Some non-electronic barometers need correcting for ambient temperature; follow the manufacturer’s
instructions.
10.1.2 Connect the vacuum gauge (6.4) to the vacuum source in line with the test chamber. When the
vacuum gauge registers a pressure less than 0,1 kPa, adjust the apparatus pressure transducer control
to zero or to the actual reading on the vacuum gauge as dictated by the instrument design and the
manufacturer's instructions.

10.1.3 Open the test chamber to the atmosphere and observe the pressure transducer reading. If the
pressure reading is not within 0,1 kPa of the ambient barometric pressure, adjust the pressure
transducer’s span control until the appropriate reading is observed. Ensure that the instrument is set to
display the total pressure and not a calculated or corrected value.

10.1.4 Repeat 10.1.2 and 10.1.3 until the zero and barometric pressures read to within ± 0,1 kPa
without further adjustment.

NOTE Some instruments automate the calibration procedure and carry out these repeat operations
automatically.

10.2 Temperature measuring device

10.2.1 Check the calibration of the temperature measuring device used to monitor the temperature of
the sample in the test chamber (6.1.3), against a calibrated temperature device when needed as
indicated from the quality control or reference fluid checks. The temperature readings shall agree to
within ± 0,1 °C at the test temperature.

The required calibration frequency of the temperature measuring device can vary with instrument type
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and frequency of use. It is recommended that a calibration check be carried out at least every 6 months.
10.2.2 If the tolerances do not meet the requirements follow the manufacturer’s instructions to
calibrate the temperature measuring device.

10.2.3 When a calibrated liquid-in-glass thermometer is used to check the calibration of the
temperature measuring device, ensure that a thermometer with the correct immersion depth is used or
apply appropriate emergent stem corrections.

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 EN 13016-1:2018 (E)

11 Verification of apparatus

11.1 Reference fluid check

11.1.1 Check the performance of the instrument by running a reference fluid sample consisting of a
pure hydrocarbon or pure hydrocarbon blend of known vapour pressure similar to the vapour pressure
of the samples to be tested (see Tables B.1 and B.2) to meet the following criteria:

• following calibration, and

• when quality control checks indicate the test results are not under statistical control.

Treat the reference fluid sample in the same manner as a fuel test sample (see Clause 8 and Clause 12).
11.1.2 Determine the air saturated vapour pressure (ASVP) or the dry vapour pressure equivalent
(DVPE) of a reference fluid; if this differs from the accepted reference value by more than the tolerance,
re-check the instrument calibration (see Clause 10).

11.1.3 When testing reference fluids, especially pentane, repeat the test if the result is outside the
allowed tolerance and refer to the manufacturer’s instructions if extra flushing is required. Azeotropic
effects between pentane and samples with ethanol content can cause carryover effects and increase the
measured pentane result.

11.1.4 Pentane, 2,2 dimethylbutane, 2,3 dimethylbutane, and cyclopentane hydrocarbon compounds,
and toluene for blending, all of 99 % (m/m) minimum purity, are recommended as reference fluid check
samples. There is no requirement for these to be traceable standard reference materials. Accepted ASVP
and DVPE values and their tolerances are given in Annex B and were determined in the 2003 and 2014
ASTM inter-laboratory studies [7 and 8].

11.1.5 For pure hydrocarbon compounds (11.1.4) multiple test portions may be taken from the same
container over time, provided the test portion is air saturated according to the procedure (8.5 and 8.6)
and the spent test portions are not re-used.

11.1.6 When testing pentane, the container shall be a minimum of 50 % (V/V) full.

11.2 Quality control checks

Check the performance of the instrument each day it is in use or at a frequency determined by statistical
quality control requirements and analysis data, using a quality control sample that is representative of
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the fuels routinely tested, to confirm that the instrument is in statistical control. If the instrument is
found to be outside statistical control follow the manufacturer’s instructions to investigate the cause
and recalibrate if necessary (see Clause 10).
Treat the quality control sample in the same manner as a fuel test sample (see Clause 8 and Clause 12).
A pure hydrocarbon, such as those listed in Tables B.1 and B.2, may be used as the quality control check
sample, however such a material does not check the whole measuring system that includes sampling
and sample handling.

12 Procedure
12.1 Remove the sample from the cooling equipment (6.2), dry the exterior of the container with
absorbent material, uncap, and insert a syringe (see 9.3). Draw a bubble-free test portion and deliver it
to the test chamber as rapidly as possible. Reseal the container. The total time between opening the

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 EN 13016-1:2018 (E)

cooled sample container and injecting the test portion into the sealed test chamber shall not exceed
1 min.

12.2 Follow the manufacturer's instructions for introducing the test portion into the test chamber, and
for operation of the instrument, to obtain an air saturated vapour pressure result at 37,8 °C ± 0,1 °C.

12.3 Record the pressure indicator reading from the instrument to the nearest 0,1 kPa. For
instruments that do not automatically record a stable pressure value, manually record the pressure
indicator reading every (60 ± 5) s to the nearest 0,1 kPa. When three successive readings agree within
0,1 kPa, record the mean to the nearest 0,1 kPa as the ASVP.

NOTE The final stable pressure measured by this method is the sum of the vapour pressure of the sample and
the partial pressure of the dissolved air, which, for all practical purposes, comes entirely out of solution in the test
chamber.

12.4 After drawing a test portion and introducing it into the instrument for analysis, check the
remaining sample for phase separation.

If the sample is in a non-transparent container, shake the sample thoroughly and immediately pour a
portion of the remaining sample into a glass container and observe for evidence of phase separation. If
the sample is already in a glass container, this observation can be made prior to sample transfer.
If the sample is not clear and bright or if a second phase is observed, discard the test results and the
sample.

13 Calculation
An equivalent dry vapour pressure (DVPE), in kilopascals, shall be calculated using the following
formula:

=DVPE ( 0, 965 ASVP ) − 3, 78 (1)

where
ASVP is the measured air saturated vapour pressure that has not been corrected by an
automatically programmed correction factor.
The calculation of DVPE may be programmed into suitable instruments.
NOTE The DVPE correlation formula was derived during an ASTM co-operative programme in 1988 and
confirmed in a larger ASTM programme in 1991 [6]. The formula corrects for the bias between the measured air
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saturated vapour pressure and the dry vapour pressure obtained by ASTM D4953 [4]. The DVPE result is specified
in EN 228 [1].

14 Expression of results
Report the ASVP of the sample to the nearest 0,1 kPa and the DVPE of the sample to the nearest 0,1 kPa.

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 EN 13016-1:2018 (E)

15 Precision

15.1 General

The precision data are based upon results obtained by 13 laboratories testing 16 types of hydrocarbon,
ethanol and hydrocarbon-oxygenate blends in the DVPE range 15,5 kPa to 106,0 kPa, using apparatus1)
from 4 different manufacturers. The programme was run by the Energy Institute with CEN and ASTM in
2016 [11].
This standard states precision for 250 ml sample containers; a 2003 ASTM study [7] showed that no
bias was observable when 250 ml and 1000 ml containers were used.
NOTE Annex A provides information on the precision values when using 50 ml at 37,8 °C or using 1 000 ml
samples at a test temperature of 50,0 °C.

15.2 Repeatability, r

The difference between two test results, obtained by the same operator with the same apparatus under
constant operating conditions on identical test material, would in the long run, in the normal and
correct operation of the test method, exceed the value given below only in one case in twenty.
r = 0,90 kPa

15.3 Reproducibility, R

The difference between two single and independent test results, obtained by different operators
working in different laboratories on identical test material, would in the long run, in the normal and
correct operation of the test method, exceed the value given below only in one case in twenty.
R = 1,58 kPa

16 Test report
The test report shall contain at least the following information:
a) type and identification of the product under test;

b) reference to this European Standard, EN 13016-1;

c) sampling procedure used (see Clause 7) and sample container size;

Asociación Española de Normalización, UNE

d) result of the test (see Clause 14);

e) any deviation from the procedure described;

f) date of the test.

1) The apparatus listed in the research reports [7, 8 and 11] are examples of suitable products available commercially. This
information is given for the convenience of users of this standard and does not constitute endorsement by CEN of these
products.

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 EN 13016-1:2018 (E)

Annex A
(informative)

Precision for elevated temperature and smaller sample containers

This annex presents the precision data at a test temperature of 37,8 °C from a 50 ml sample size
container or a test temperature of 50,0 °C from a 1 l sample container.
During the development of this method additional exercises were carried out. In the first vapour
pressures of the samples were measured at 50,0 °C, in the second exercise measurements were made
on 50 ml samples. The additional exercises were carried out in order to:
— Meet the demands of the ADR, the European Agreement concerning the International carriage of
Dangerous Goods by Road, wherein the vapour pressure is quoted at 50,0 °C;

— Check if it was possible to take, and utilize, smaller samples for the test. This has advantages of
safety and savings in transportation costs when samples have to be sent to a test laboratory. In
addition it has advantages for research projects when only small amounts of sample are available
for test.

Statistical evaluations on the results indicated that, in the cases of the 50,0 °C and 50 ml samples, there
was no loss of precision compared with the standard conditions2).
The precision values obtained are as follows:
Condition Repeatability, r Reproducibility, R
1 l sample at 50,0 °C 0,054 X2/3 0,127 X2/3
50 ml sample at 37,8 °C 0,195 X1/3 0,533 X1/3
Where X is the average of the results in kPa being compared.
NOTE The precision data for the 50,0 °C and the 50 ml sample were based upon results by 8 laboratories
from 8 samples in the range 10 kPa to 150 kPa.
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2) The precision evaluation results are filed by the Energy Institute in the UK under the following reference: MS 65.5.2
(14.04.92).

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 EN 13016-1:2018 (E)

Annex B
(normative)

Accepted reference values

This annex gives the accepted reference values for pure hydrocarbon and for pure hydrocarbon blends.
The pure hydrocarbon compounds used are analytical grade of 99 % (m/m) or higher purity.
The accepted reference values (ARV) with uncertainty limits (95 % confidence interval) in Table B.1
were obtained in the 2003 ASTM study [7] and those in Table B.2 in the 2014 ASTM study [8]. The ARVs
are based on the total vapour pressure (ASVP) measured. This information, combined with the
tolerance value, was used to establish both the ASVP and DVPE acceptable testing range for the
reference fluids to verify the instrument performance. Values within the acceptable testing range
indicate that the instrument is performing properly.
NOTE The values for cyclopentane were remeasured in the 2014 study and are different from previously
published values.

Table B.1 — ASVP and DVPE reference values and acceptable testing ranges

Reference fluid Air saturated Acceptable Dry Vapour Pressure Acceptable

Vapour Pressure Testing Range Equivalent Testing Range
(ASVP) for ASVP (DVPE) for DVPE
± uncertainty kPa ± uncertainty kPa
kPa kPa
Pentane 112,8 ± 0,2 112,8 ± 1,2 105,1 ± 0,2
105,1 ± 1,2
(111,6 to
(103,9 to 106,3)
114,0)
2,2 Dimethylbutane 74,1 ± 0,2 74,1 ± 1,2 67,7 ± 0,2 67,7 ± 1,2
(72,9 to 75,3) (66,5 to 68,9)
2,3 Dimethylbutane 57,1 ± 0,2 57,1 ± 1,2 51,3 ± 0,2 51,3 ± 1,2
(55,9 to 58,3) (50,1 to 52,5)
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 EN 13016-1:2018 (E)

Table B.2 — ASVP and DVPE reference values and acceptable testing ranges

Reference fluid Air saturated Vapour Acceptable Dry Vapour Acceptable

Pressure Testing Range Pressure Testing Range
(ASVP) for ASVP Equivalent for DVPE
(DVPE)
+/- expanded kPa kPa
uncertainty +/- expanded
uncertainty
kPa
kPa
Cyclopentane 73,0 ± 0,2 73,0 ± 2,0 66,7 ± 0,2 66,7 ± 2,0 (64,7
(71,0 to 75,0 to 68,7)
22,0/78,0 (m/m) 46,5 ± 0,1 46,5 ± 1,2 41,1 ± 0,1 41,1 ± 1,2
Pentane/Toluene (45,3 to 47,7) (39,9 to 42,3)
44,0/56,0 (m/m) 68,8 ± 0,2 68,8 ± 2,1 62,6 ± 0,2 62,6 ± 2,1
Pentane/Toluene (66,7 to 70,9) (60,5 to 64,7)
68,5/31,5 (m/m) 88,6 ± 0,2 88,6 ± 2,0 81,7 ± 0,2 81,7 ± 2,0
Pentane/Toluene (86,6 to 90,6) (79,7 to 83,7)
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 EN 13016-1:2018 (E)

Bibliography

[1] EN 228, Automotive fuels — Unleaded petrol — Requirements and test methods

[2] EN ISO 3171, Petroleum liquids — Automatic pipeline sampling (ISO 3171)

[3] ISO 3007, Petroleum products and crude petroleum — Determination of vapour pressure — Reid
method

[4] ASTM D4953, Standard Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Gasoline and Gasoline-Oxygenate Blends
(Dry Method)

[5] ASTM D5191, Standard Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Mini Method)

[6] ASTM RR. D02-1286, 1991 Interlaboratory Precision Evaluation Program. Available from ASTM
International, 100 Barr Habor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, USA

[7] ASTM RR. D02-1619, Interlaboratory Precision Evaluation Program. Available from ASTM
International, 100 Barr Habor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, USA

[8] ASTM RR. D02-1805, 2014 Interlaboratory Precision Evaluation Program. Available from ASTM
International, 100 Barr Habor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, USA

[9] IP 394, Liquid petroleum products — Vapour pressure — Part 1: Determination of air saturated
vapour pressure (ASVP) and calculated dry vapour pressure equivalent (DVP)

[10] Council Directive 85/536/EEC, Council Directive of 5 December 1985 on crude-oil savings through
the use of substitute fuel components in petrol

[11] Research Report IP 394 (EN 13016-1) and IP 619 (EN 13016-3) 2016, available from the Energy
Institute, 61 New Cavendish Street, London W1G 7AR, UK
Asociación Española de Normalización, UNE

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 For information regarding the development of standards contact:
Asociación Española de Normalización
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Tel.: 915 294 900
Asociación Española de Normalización, UNE

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For information regarding the sale and distribution:

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Tel.: 914 326 160
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