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2The data analysis process

The document outlines the data analysis process, which includes defining the question, collecting data, cleaning the data, analyzing it, and visualizing findings. It emphasizes the importance of each step, particularly the time-consuming data cleaning phase, and categorizes analysis into descriptive, diagnostic, predictive, and prescriptive types. Additionally, it lists nine top tools for data analysis, including Microsoft Excel, Python, and Tableau.

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Anant Barjatya
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12 views7 pages

2The data analysis process

The document outlines the data analysis process, which includes defining the question, collecting data, cleaning the data, analyzing it, and visualizing findings. It emphasizes the importance of each step, particularly the time-consuming data cleaning phase, and categorizes analysis into descriptive, diagnostic, predictive, and prescriptive types. Additionally, it lists nine top tools for data analysis, including Microsoft Excel, Python, and Tableau.

Uploaded by

Anant Barjatya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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The Data Analysis Process

Defining the question

• The first step for any data analyst will be to define the objective of
the analysis, sometimes called a ‘problem statement’.
• Essentially, you’re asking a question with regard to a business
problem you’re trying to solve.
• Once you’ve defined this, you’ll then need to determine which data
sources will help you answer this question.
Collecting the data

• Now that you’ve defined your objective, the next step will be to set
up a strategy for collecting and aggregating the appropriate data.
• Will you be using quantitative (numeric) or qualitative (descriptive)
data?
Cleaning the data

Unfortunately, your collected data isn’t automatically ready for


analysis—you’ll have to clean it first. As a data analyst, this phase of the
process will take up the most time. During the data cleaning process,
you will likely be:
• Removing major errors, duplicates, and outliers
• Removing unwanted data points
• Structuring the data—that is, fixing typos, layout issues, etc.
• Filling in major gaps in data
Analyzing the data

Now that we’ve finished cleaning the data, it’s time to analyze it! It may
fall under one of the following categories:
• Descriptive analysis, which identifies what has already happened
• Diagnostic analysis, which focuses on understanding why something
has happened
• Predictive analysis, which identifies future trends based on historical
data
• Prescriptive analysis, which allows you to make recommendations for
the future
Visualizing and sharing your findings

• We’re almost at the end of the road! Analyses have been made;
insights have been gleaned—all that remains to be done is to share
this information with others.
• This is usually done with a data visualization tool, such as Google
Charts, or Tableau.
The best tools for data analysis

The top 9 tools for data analysts


• Microsoft Excel
• Python
•R
• Jupyter Notebook
• Apache Spark
• SAS
• Microsoft Power BI
• Tableau
• KNIME

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