AWS Lambda, Python and Serverless - Full Course

Absolute Beginner to Advanced

No previous Coding Experience Required
AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced

12 Months on…. 1330+ Learners 222+ Ratings

How to maximize your learnings from the Course
1. Adjust the Speed of the course based on your comfort
2. Adjust the Resolution if the content is not visible/clear
3. Course Rating and Feedback
4. Course Content Download
5. Hands-On vs Theory

1
Course Pre-Requisites
1. AWS Free Tier Account

2. VSCode Download – Free Version

3. Basic Knowledge of common AWS Services such as S3, EC2 and so on

4. No coding experience or in-depth AWS Knowledge required

AWS Lambda, Python and Serverless – Key AWS Services
AWS Application Integration AWS Compute

Amazon API Gateway Amazon EventBridge AWS Lambda Amazon EC2

Amazon SNS

AWS Storage AWS Security

Amazon S3 Amazon FSx Amazon Cognito Authorizer AWS IAM

AWS Managed
Microsoft AD
AWS Directory Service Lambda Authorizer
Amazon EBS
AWS Lambda, Python and Serverless – Key AWS Services
AWS Management and Governance AWS Database

Amazon CloudWatch AWS Application

Auto Scaling
Amazon DynamoDB

Logs Alarm

AWS Networking AWS Developers Tools

Amazon Virtual Private Cloud

(Amazon VPC) AWS Cloud Development Kit
(AWS CDK)
 AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced
Section 2 : AWS Lambda – Basic Concepts – Part 1

• Evolution from Physical Servers to AWS Lambda

• What is AWS Lambda - Architecture and Use Cases

• Lambda Console Walkthrough

• Lambda Execution Role

• AWS Lambda Limits

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AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced
Section 3 : AWS Lambda - Python Basics Refresher

Python Basics_Refresher_Part 1 (Python Print Function, Variables, Data Types Intro, Data Type – Dictionary )

Python Basics_Refresher_Part 2 (Nested Dictionary , List and Nested List , Data Type and Python Functions)

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AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced

Section 4 : AWS Lambda – Create S3, EC2 and DynamoDB using AWS SDK for Python(Boto3)

• AWS Lambda Basics – Boto3, Client and Resource, Lambda function handler

• AWS Lambda with S3 (List all the buckets, Create new Bucket and Delete Bucket)

• AWS Lambda with EC2 (Create EC2 and Stop)

• AWS Lambda Automation Scenario – EC2, Lambda and EventBridge

• AWS Lambda with DynamoDB (Create Table and Put Items)

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 AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced
Section 5 : AWS Lambda – Basic Concepts – Part 2
• AWS Lambda Invocation Models – Theory

• AWS Lambda Invocation Models – Hand-on

• AWS Lambda Limits - Memory

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AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced
Section 6 : Real World Serverless Use Case 1 - using S3, AWS Lambda and DynamoDB

• S3

• AWS Lambda

• DynamoDB

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 AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced
Section 7 : API Gateway Overview
• API Gateway - Overview, API Types , API Endpoint Types

• API Gateway - Resources, Methods and Integration Types

• API Gateway - Deployment, API Stages, API Keys and Usage Plans

• API Gateway - Authentication and Authorization Methods

• API Gateway - Private API's and Private Integration

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AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced
Section 8 : Real World Serverless Use Case 2 - using API Gateway, AWS Lambda and S3

• API Gateway

• AWS Lambda

• S3

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Authentication and Authorization with AWS Lambda Authorizer
AWS API Gateway - Authentication and Authorization using Lambda Authorizer

Lambda Authorizer

Authentication – External

Authorization – Lambda
Function

Use Case : Third Party

Identity Provider such as
OAuth 2.0

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Authentication and Authorization with AWS Cognito
AWS API Gateway - Authentication and Authorization

2. API Security – Cognito

Authentication – Cognito User Pool

Authorization – API Gateway Methods

Use Case : External Users for Web/Mobile Apps

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 AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced
Section 9 : AWS Lambda – Advanced Concepts (Theory and HandsOn)
• Lambda Execution and Concurrency

• Lambda - Reserved and Provisioned Concurrency

• Lambda - VPC Networking Configuration

• Lambda - Environment Variables

• Lambda Versions

• Lambda Aliases

• Lambda Monitoring - CloudWatch Metrics

• Lambda Monitoring - CloudWatch Logs

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Infrastructure as Code - AWS Cloud Development Kit (CDK) v2
Section 10 : Serverless Use Case - using API Gateway, AWS Lambda and S3 using AWS CDK

• S3

• IAM Role

• AWS Lambda

• API Gateway

Implement the use case using AWS CDK

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AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced
Section 11 : Use Case 3 – Lambda Automation Monitor & increase free storage for SQL Server FCI Cluster
using AWS Lambda- MS AD, EC2, FSx, CloudWatch and CloudWatch Alarm

• Microsoft AD

• EC2

• FSx

• CloudWatch Metrics

• CloudWatch Alarm

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 Connect with me and share your AWS Learning Experiences
• I am Rahul Trisal working as an AWS Solution Architect in a Fortune 500 Organization
• Co-Founder of a AWS focused Startup – TechCloudByte – www.techcloudbyte.com
• 6X Cloud Certified
• AWS Solution Architect – Professional
• AWS Solution Architect – Associate
• AWS Certified SysOps
• AWS Cloud Practitioner
• Azure Fundamental
• IBM Bluemix Developer
• 200+ applications migrated working with Fortune 100 customers on large AWS Cloud Migration Programs

I would love to Connect with you and together learn AWS. Connect with me at below links:
• Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/aws_with_rahul/
• Linkedin - https://www.linkedin.com/in/rahul-trisal-7709628/
• Youtube - https://www.youtube.com/@trisalrahul/videos
• AWS Startup - www.techcloudbyte.com
• Follow our LinkedIn page for latest on AWS - https://www.linkedin.com/company/tech-cloud-byte-techclobyte
AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced

Section on
AWS Lambda – Basic Concepts (Part 1)

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AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced

AWS Lambda – Basic Concepts – Part 1

❖ Evolution from Physical Servers to AWS Lambda

❖ What is AWS Lambda - Architecture and Use Cases

❖ Lambda Console Walkthrough

❖ Lambda Execution Role

❖ AWS Lambda Limits - Timeout

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Three-Tier Architecture

Source : Internet https://martinfowler.com/articles/microservices.html#CharacteristicsOfAMicroserviceArchitecture

Server

Source : Internet
Source : Internet
Source : Internet
Virtualization

What is Cloud Computing ?

Cloud computing is the on-demand delivery of IT

resources over the Internet with pay-as-you-go
pricing.

Source : Internet
IaaS vs PaaS vs SaaS and FaaS

Function as a Service

Function (Code)

Source : Internet
 AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced
AWS Definition of Lambda

Lambda is a compute service that lets you run code without provisioning or managing servers. Lambda runs your code on a high-
availability compute infrastructure and performs all of the administration of the compute resources, including server and operating system
maintenance, capacity provisioning and automatic scaling, and logging.

Key Features of Lambda

• Compute Service

• Highly Available

• All of the administration of the compute resources, including server and operating system maintenance, automatic scaling, and logging.

• Provisioning done by AWS and Pay as you use

• Bring your code and run on Lambda

• Lambda is a serverless, event-driven compute service

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copyrighted
: AWS
 AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced
Use Case for AWS Lambda

• Event Driven

• Unpredictable demand

When not to use a AWS Lambda

• When you need to manage the Infrastructure

• Need to run the Server Continuously instead of event driven

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AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced
Image Processing – S3 and AWS Lambda

Build REST API with API Gateway, Lambda and S3

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Virtualization

EC2 Instance AWS Lambda

Source : Internet
 AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced
AWS Lambda Execution Role
• A Lambda function's execution role is an AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) role that grants the function
permission to access AWS services and resources.

• Default Lambda Function Role Permissions :

• AWSLambdaBasicExecutionRole : AWSLambdaBasicExecutionRole grants permissions to upload logs to CloudWatch.

• Need to provide an execution role when a function is created. Invoke your function, Lambda automatically provides your
function with temporary credentials by assuming this role.

Permissions IAM Role

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 AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced
AWS Lambda Execution Role

Source : AWS
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AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced

Section on
AWS Lambda - Python Refresher
(For detailed refresher go to last section of Course)

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 Python Basics–Refresher
1. Print Function – print the message to screen or any interface; Syntax : print( )

2. Variables - Containers for storing data values string, float or integers and no need to declare; Syntax : x = 3, greeting = “hello” etc.

3. Data Type

Data Type Example

Int x = 20

Float x = 20.5

Dictionary x = {"name" : "John", "age" : 36}

Strings x = "Hello World"

List x = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]

Source : Internet Image Source

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Python Basics–Refresher
3. Data Types – Dictionary

Dict
• curly brackets
response = {1: 'Rahul', 2: 'John', 3: 'Joy'}

• key: pair values

Nested Dict

• Nested Dictionary response = {1:'Python', 2:{'books': 'arch' , 'aws':'Lambda'}}

4. Nested Dictionary

Image
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Python Basics–Refresher
5. Sample Example from Boto3

https://boto3.amazonaws.com/v1/documentation/api/latest/reference/services/s3/client/list_buckets.html#

Image Source - Internet

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Python Basics–Refresher
6. Data Types – List

• Lists in Python can be created by just placing the sequence inside the square brackets []
• A single list may contain Data Types like Integers, Strings, as well as Objects.
• List in Python are ordered and have a definite count. The elements in a list are indexed with 0 being the first index.
• slice(start, stop, step)
• Reverse [ : : -1]
………………………………………………
list = [1, 4, 'For', 6, 'Anisha’]
……………………………………………….

7. Nested List

Nested List => nestedList = [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]]

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Python Basics–Refresher
8. Data Types – List and Dictionary

9. Data Type Determination

response = [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]]
print(type(response))

https://boto3.amazonaws.com/v1/documentation/api/latest/reference/services/s3/client/list_buckets.html#

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Python Basics–Refresher
10. Function
A function is a block of code which runs when it is called.
Syntax:
def function_name (argument/parameters):
return expression or value

Example
# A simple Python function to check whether x is even or odd

def evenOdd(x):
if (x % 2 == 0):
print("even")
else:
print("odd")
# Driver code to call the function
evenOdd(2)
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AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced

Section 4
AWS Lambda – Create S3, EC2 and DynamoDB
resources using Lambda (Boto3)

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AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced

Section 4: AWS Lambda – Create S3, EC2 and DynamoDB resources using Lambda (Boto3)

• AWS Lambda with S3 (Create new Bucket , List all the Buckets and Delete Bucket)

• AWS Lambda with EC2 (Create EC2 and Start/Stop)

• AWS Lambda with DynamoDB (Create Table and Put Items)

S3 EC2 DynamoDB
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AWS Lambda Hands on - Basics of Lambda Function
AWS SDK for Python (Boto3)

• The AWS SDK for Python is Boto3

• Boto3 library makes it easy to integrate with AWS services including Amazon S3, Amazon EC2, Amazon DynamoDB, and more using
Python.

Boto3 has two distinct levels of APIs.

Client APIs

• Clients provide a low-level interface to the AWS service.

• All AWS service operations supported by clients

Resource APIs

• Resources are a higher-level abstraction compared to clients.

• Few AWS service operations not supported

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https://aws.amazon.com/sdk-for-python/
AWS Lambda Hands on - Basics of Lambda Function
JSON is an open standard for exchanging data on the web.
Key Value Pair {"name" : “rahul", "employeeid" : 011, "present" : true}

File where the Function Function

handler code is stored Keyword Name

The Lambda function handler is the method in your function code that processes events. When your function is invoked, Lambda runs the handler method.

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AWS Lambda Hands on - Basics of Lambda Function
Context properties
• function_name – The name of the Lambda function.

• function_version – The version of the function.

• invoked_function_arn – The Amazon Resource Name (ARN) that's used to invoke the function. Indicates if the invoker specified a version number or alias.

• memory_limit_in_mb – The amount of memory that's allocated for the function.

• aws_request_id – The identifier of the invocation request.

• log_group_name – The log group for the function.

• log_stream_name – The log stream for the function instance.

• identity – (mobile apps) Information about the Amazon Cognito identity that authorized the request.

• cognito_identity_id – The authenticated Amazon Cognito identity.

• cognito_identity_pool_id – The Amazon Cognito identity pool that authorized the invocation.

• client_context – (mobile apps) Client context that's provided to Lambda by the client application.

• client.installation_id

• client.app_title

• client.app_version_name

• client.app_version_code

• client.app_package_name

• custom – A dict of custom values set by the mobile client application.

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• env – A dict of environment information provided by the AWS SDK.
AWS Lambda Hands on - Basics of Lambda Function

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AWS Lambda Hands on - Basics of Lambda Function

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Create S3 using Lambda and Python Boto3 SDK
Create Below Resources through Lambda

S3

- Create new Bucket

S3
- Delete Bucket

- List all the buckets (Inventory Collection within an AWS Account)

Use Case Scenario

- List the inventory of all the S3 buckets in the Organization AWS Account (Sandbox, Dev etc.)

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Create EC2 using Lambda and Python Boto3 SDK
Create Below Resources through Lambda

EC2

- Create new EC2

- Stop EC2 Instance

EC2
- Start EC2 Instance

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Automation Scenario - AWS Lambda, EventBridge and EC2
Use Case Scenario

EventBridge

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AWS EventBridge - Overview
Amazon EventBridge is serverless service for building event-driven applications

• Event Source ------ > EventBridge (Evaluate Rule) ------- > Event Target and Action

• Schedule Events

Source : AWS

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DynamoDB - Overview

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Create DynamoDB Table using Lambda & Python Boto3 SDK
Create Below Resources through Lambda

DynamoDB

- Create DynamoDB Table

DynamoDB
- Insert data into the DynamoDB Table using Put Item method

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AWS Lambda Hands on – Step by Step Guide - 1
1. Go to AWS Account, Search for AWS Lambda Service from Console and click on ‘Create Function’

• Select Author from Scratch

• Function Name – Meaningful name of the function based on the usage

• Runtime – The programming language you intent to write the code in

• Architecture - x86_64

• Default Execution Role – Permission only to CloudWatch logs

• Create Function

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AWS Lambda Hands on – Step by Step Guide - 2
2. Increase timeout limit

• Go to Configuration --- > General Configuration --- > Change Timeout limit to – 1 min

3. Create/Enhance the IAM Role

• Go to Configuration --- > Permission--- > Click on Role name --- > Add Permission

4. Go to ‘Code’ Tab and Search for Boto3 Documentation

5. ‘import boto3’ in the lambda function code

6. Create the Client connection with the service being provisioned

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AWS Lambda Hands on – Step by Step Guide - 3
7. Search the API method for AWS Service being created

8. Write the code for AWS Service to be created

• Copy the Request Syntax
• Identify the relevant attributes to be used to create the AWS
Service based on your requirement
• Review the mandatory and optional attributes

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AWS Lambda Hands on – Step by Step Guide - 4
9. Evaluate the Response

• Response parameters

• Response Type such as Dictionary

10. Identify the Response parameters to be printed

• Evaluate the attributes that will be returned

• Print the response based on type (Dictionary and so) using print function

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AWS Lambda Hands on – Step by Step Guide - 5
11. Click on Deploy to save changes

12. Create a Test Event

13. Test the Function

14. Verify from console if the AWS Service is created as expected.

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AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced

Section on
AWS Lambda – Basic Concepts (Part 2)

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AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced

AWS Lambda – Basic Concepts – Part 2

❖ Evolution from Physical Servers to AWS Lambda

❖ What is AWS Lambda - Architecture and Use Cases

❖ Lambda Console Walkthrough

❖ Lambda Execution Role

❖ AWS Lambda Limits - Timeout

❖ AWS Lambda Invocation Model - Theory

❖ AWS Lambda Invocation Model – Hands-On

❖ AWS Lambda Limits – Memory

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 AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced
AWS Lambda Execution/Invocation Model
1. Synchronous Invocation – API Gateway with AWS Lambda

Get Method

2. Asynchronous Invocation – S3 with AWS Lambda

Source : AWS
Review Invocation
with CloudWatch Logs

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 AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced
1. Synchronous Invocation – API Gateway with AWS Lambda

2. Asynchronous Invocation – S3 with AWS Lambda

3. Stream based (Polling) Invocation – Kinesis or SQS with AWS Lambda

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 AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced
AWS Lambda Limits - Timeout

• Lambda runs your code for a set amount of time before timing out.

• When the specified timeout is reached, Amazon Lambda terminates execution of your Lambda function.

• The default value for this setting is 3 seconds

Get Method

• Maximum value of 900 Sec (15 minutes )

Best Practice:
• Performance and cost are two key parameters for setting the Timeout limit
• Edge Cases can impact cost P.S : The content is created by Rahul Trisal and copyrighted
AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced

Section on
Real World Serverless Use Case 1 - using S3, AWS
Lambda and DynamoDB

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 Serverless Architecture – 1
AWS Lambda and Python – Target Architecture
S3

- s3demo01022022abc

DynamoDB Table

- RetailSales02032022

- CustomerID
- Product

Very Important :
Please change the name of the S3 Bucket and DynamoDB Table with your own and substitute the names in the Lambda Python Code.
P.S : Theunique
The S3 bucket names need to be globally content isand
created
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and copyrighted
were highlighted in the video will not work.
AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced

Section on
API Gateway Overview

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AWS API Gateway - Overview
What is API Gateway

Amazon API Gateway is an AWS service for creating, publishing, maintaining, monitoring, and securing REST,

HTTP, and WebSocket APIs at any scale.

Sample Architecture - RESTful microservices

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AWS API Gateway - Overview
Key Features Of API Gateway

1. API Types

1. HTTP API

Build low-latency and cost-effective REST APIs with built-in features such as OIDC and OAuth2, and native CORS support.

2. WebSocket API

Build a WebSocket API using persistent connections for real-time use cases such as chat applications or dashboards.

3. REST API

Develop a REST API where you gain complete control over the request and response along with API management capabilities.

4. REST API (Private)

Create a REST API that is only accessible from within a VPC.

https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/compute/introducing-amazon-api-gateway-private-endpoints/
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AWS API Gateway - Overview
Key Features of API Gateway

REST API’s vs HTTP API’s

• REST APIs support more features than HTTP APIs, while HTTP APIs are designed with minimal features and offered at a lower price.

• Choose REST APIs if you need features such as API keys, per-client throttling, request validation, AWS WAF integration, or private API

endpoints.

• Choose HTTP APIs if you don't need the features included with REST APIs.

• https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/compute/introducing-amazon-api-gateway-private-endpoints/

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API Gateway - Overview
2. API Endpoint Types

An API endpoint type refers to the hostname of the API.

The API endpoint type can be edge-optimized, regional, or private, depending on where the majority of your API traffic
originates from.

Edge Optimized Regional

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API Gateway - Overview
2. API Endpoint Types

Private

Source
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API Gateway - Overview
3. Resources

REST architecture treats every content as a resource.

These resources can be Text Files, Html Pages, Images, Videos or Business Data.

4. Methods
Method Description
Retrieve information about the
GET
REST API resource
POST Create a REST API resource
PUT Update a REST API resource
Delete a REST API resource or
DELETE
related component

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API Gateway - Overview
5. Integration Type

Lambda Function

This type of integration lets an API method

be integrated with the Lambda function

HTTP

• Allows integration with existing HTTP endpoint

• This type of integration lets an API expose HTTP endpoints in the backend.

Mock

• This type of integration lets API Gateway return a response without sending the request further to the backend.

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API Gateway - Overview
5. Integration Type

AWS Service

This type of integration lets an API expose AWS service actions.

VPC Link

A VPC link is a resource in Amazon API Gateway that allows for connecting API routes to private resources inside a VPC

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API Gateway - Overview
5. Deployment

After creating your API, you must deploy it to make it callable by your users.
To deploy an API, you create an API deployment and associate it with a stage.

Important Tip :
Every time you update an API, you must redeploy the API to an existing stage or to a new stage.
Updating an API includes modifying routes, methods, integrations, authorizers, and anything else other than stage settings.

6. Stages
A logical reference to a lifecycle state of your API (for example, 'dev', 'prod', 'beta', 'v2’).
https://{restapi-id}.execute-api.{region}.amazonaws.com/{stageName}
https://ent94mc14j.execute-api.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/dev/students
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API Gateway - Overview
7. AWS API Gateway - Authentication and Authorization

1. API Security – IAM

Authentication – IAM
Authorization – IAM Policy

Use Case : Internal AWS Services, Cross Account Access

2. API Security – Cognito

Authentication – Cognito User Pool

Authorization – API Gateway Methods

Use Case : External Users for Web/Mobile Apps

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API Gateway - Overview
7. AWS API Gateway - Authentication and Authorization

3rd Party IDP

3. API Security – Lambda Authorizer

Authentication – External

Authorization – Lambda Function

Use Case : Third Party Identity Provider such as OAuth 2.0

https://docs.aws.amazon.com/apigateway/latest/developerguide/apigateway-use-lambda-authorizer.html
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API Gateway - Overview
8. Usage Plans

Usage Plans

Use Case : Differentiate between Basic and Premium Customers

Sets the target request rate - Throttling, Burst and Quota Limit for each API Key

9. API Keys

• An alphanumeric string that API Gateway uses to identify an app developer who uses your REST or WebSocket API.

• You can use API keys together with Lambda authorizers or usage plans to control access to your APIs.

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API Gateway - Overview
10. API Integration and Private API’s

Private API’s

A private API means that the API endpoint is reachable only through the VPC. Private APIs are accessible only from
clients within the VPC or from clients that have network connectivity to the VPC.

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Source : AWS
API Gateway - Overview
10. API Integration, Private API’s and VPC Link

Private Integration

An API Gateway integration type for a client to access resources inside a customer's VPC through a private REST
API endpoint without exposing the resources to the public internet.

Source : https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/compute/understanding-vpc-links-in-amazon-api-gateway-private-integrations/
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API Gateway - Overview
10. API Integration and Private API’s

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API Gateway - Overview
Sample Architecture

Source : AWS P.S : The content is created by Rahul Trisal and copyrighted
AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced

Section on
Real World Serverless Use Case 2 - using API Gateway,
AWS Lambda and S3

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 Serverless Architecture – 2:
Target Architecture – API Gateway, Lambda and S3
Resources to be Created

• S3 buckets – 2

• Lambda Function

• API Gateway

Very Important :
Please change the name of the S3 Bucket with your own and substitute the names in the Lambda Python Code.
The S3 bucket names need to be globally unique and same names that were highlighted in the video will not work.
 AWS Lambda and Python – API Keys
API Keys

• API keys are alphanumeric string values that you distribute to application developer customers to grant access to your API.

• An API key has a name and a value.

• API Gateway can generate API keys on your behalf or import it into API Gateway from an external source.

• API Key can be used along with Usage Plan for Throttling and Quotas to differentiate between Basic and Premium Users

• You can use API keys together with Lambda authorizers or usage plans to control access to your APIs.

• Don't use API keys for authentication or authorization for your APIs.

• Instead, use an IAM role, a Lambda authorizer, or an Amazon Cognito user pool.
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 AWS Lambda and Python – Throttling and Quota
Throttling Limit

• API throttling is the process of limiting the number of API requests a user can make in a certain period.

• This can be set at the API or API method level.

Quota

• Quota limit sets the target maximum number of requests with a given API key that can be submitted within a specified time
interval.

• Throttling and quota limits apply to requests for individual API keys that are aggregated across all API stages within a usage plan

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 AWS Lambda and Python – Usage Plans
A usage plan

Use Case : Differentiate between Basic and Premium Customers

• Sets the target request rate - Throttling, Burst and Quota Limit for each API Key

• Specifies who can access one or more deployed API stages and methods through the API Keys

API Key -- >Usage Plan --- > Throttling, Burst and Quota ---- >Set at [API --- > Deployment Stage -- > Resources -- > Method ]

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 AWS Lambda and Python – Usage Plans Sample Scenario
Sample Enterprise Scenario

1. Basic Plan
• Throttling Limit – 5 Requests/Second
• Burst – 2 Requests/Second
• Quota – 150 Requests/Month
• API (Resource – Students, Method – GET)
• Stage – Beta
• API Key – x-api-key = xyz

2. Premium Plan
• Throttling Limit – 50 Requests/Second
• Burst – 20 Requests/Second
• Quota – 1500 Requests/Month
• API(Resource – Students, Method – GET)
• Stage – Prod
• API Key - abc
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 AWS Lambda and Python – Usage Plans
Steps to configure a usage plan

• Create API Gateway with one or more APIs

• Configure the Resources and methods

• Deploy the APIs to stages.

• Generate or import API keys to distribute to application developers (your customers) who will be using your API.

• Create the usage plan with the desired throttle and quota limits.

• Associate API stages and API keys with the usage plan.

• Callers of the API must supply an assigned API key in the x-api-key header in requests to the API.

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AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced

Section on
API Security - Securing API's with AWS Lambda
Authorizer & Cognito Authorizer

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AWS Lambda Authorizer
AWS API Gateway - Authentication and Authorization using Lambda Authorizer

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AWS Lambda Authorizer
AWS API Gateway - Authentication and Authorization

1. API Security – IAM

Authentication – IAM
Authorization – IAM Policy

Use Case : Internal AWS Services, Cross Account Access

2. API Security – Cognito

Authentication – Cognito User Pool

Authorization – API Gateway Methods

Use Case : External Users for Web/Mobile Apps

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AWS Lambda Authorizer
AWS API Gateway - Authentication and Authorization

3rd Party IDP

3. API Security – Lambda Authorizer

Authentication – External

Authorization – Lambda Function

Use Case : Third Party Identity Provider such as OAuth 2.0

https://docs.aws.amazon.com/apigateway/latest/developerguide/apigateway-use-lambda-authorizer.html
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AWS Lambda Authorizer
AWS API Gateway - Authentication and Authorization using Lambda Authorizer

Lambda Authorizer

Authentication – External

Authorization – Lambda
Function

Use Case : Third Party

Identity Provider such as
OAuth 2.0

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AWS Lambda Authorizer
AWS API Gateway - Authentication and Authorization using Lambda Authorizer

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AWS Lambda Authorizer - Steps
1. Create backend service which client needs to access such as Lambda - Backend Lambda – demolambda_authorizer

2. Create the API Gateway

3. Resource - students

4. Method - GET

5. Deploy to a Stage - dev

6. Test the API GW + Lambda

7. Create the Authorizer in the API Gateway Console (Authorization Token : Key – authorizationToken, Value - 123456)

8. Create the Lambda function corresponding to the Authorizer –

• Lambda Authorizer Function – lambdaauthtest (1. Log event, 2. Validate Token, 3. Return the Policy)

9. Test from the API Gateway Authorizer

10. Test end to end flow using Postman

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AWS Lambda Authorizer – Policy Document
…………………………………
{
"principalId": "yyyyyyyy", // The principal user identification associated with the token sent by the client.
"policyDocument": {
"Version": "2012-10-17",
"Statement": [
{
"Action": "execute-api:Invoke",
"Effect": "Allow|Deny",
"Resource": "arn:aws:execute-api:{regionId}:{accountId}:{apiId}/{stage}/{httpVerb}/[{resource}/[{child-resources}]]"
}
]
},
……………………………….
"Resource": "arn:aws:execute-api:{regionId}:{accountId}:{apiId}/{stage}/{httpVerb}/[{resource}”]
……………………………….
"Resource": ["arn:aws:execute-api:regionId:accountId:apiId/stage/httpVerb/resource”]

{ "principalId": “demorahul", "policyDocument": { "Version": "2012-10-17", "Statement": [{"Action": "execute-api:Invoke", "Resource":

["arn:aws:execute-api:us-east-1:196715057542:kiwmj0bs7e/test/GET/students"], "Effect": auth}] }}
………………………………………..
Source : https://docs.aws.amazon.com/apigateway/latest/developerguide/api-gateway-lambda-authorizer-output.html
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AWS Cognito - Overview

• Amazon Cognito is a developer-centric and cost-effective customer identity and access management (CIAM) service.

• Provides a secure identity store and federation options that can scale to millions of users.

• Amazon Cognito supports login with social identity providers and SAML or OIDC-based identity providers

• Supports various compliance standards, operates on open identity standards (OAuth2.0, SAML 2.0 and OpenID Connect)

• Create User Pool

• Self-registration of users

• Sign-in through custom UI

• Policy Enforcement

• Multiple Clients/Apps can access

the User Pool

API Gateway Authentication and Authorization with Cognito
7. AWS API Gateway - Authentication and Authorization

2. API Security – Cognito

Authentication – Cognito User Pool

Authorization – API Gateway Methods

Use Case : External Users for Web/Mobile

Apps

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Authentication and Authorization with Cognito- Steps
1. Create backend service which client needs to access such as Lambda - Backend Lambda
2. Create the API Gateway
3. Resource - students
4. Method - GET
5. Deploy to a Stage - dev
6. Test the API GW + Lambda
7. Create the Amazon Cognito User Pool
• Create User Pool
• Configure app client
• Configure implicit grant
8. Create Users in User Pool
9. Generate id_token and access token from call back url
10.Create Authorizers in API Gateway
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AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced

Section on
AWS Generative AI :
AWS Bedrock , API Gateway, and AWS Lambda

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Generative AI – Manufacturing Industry Use Case
Use Case :
Text Summarization using AWS Bedrock for faster issue resolution to improve productivity of technicians.

2 3
Custom Application Sends the detailed issue log

Images
Summary of issue log
Detailed
Issue Logs 4

AWS Bedrock

1
Incident Report
Generative AI – Use Case Architecture

Limitation : Size of the Input Prompt for Summarization

Generative AI – Console Overview
1. How to get access to Bedrock Models

2. Models Supported

Creator and Copyright - Rahul Trisal

Generative AI with Bedrock : Step by Step – Pre-Requisites

1. Create a AWS Lambda Function - demo-bedrock

2. Check the boto3 version. Should be >= 1.28.63

3. Use following command to check version - print(boto3.__version__)

4. Upgrade the boto3 version for AWS Lambda Function using Lambda Layer -

https://repost.aws/knowledge-center/lambda-python-runtime-errors

• Add Layer Version ARN

• Check the boto3 version. Should be > 1.28.63

Creator and Copyright - Rahul Trisal
Generative AI with Bedrock : Step by Step Guide

1. Code for Bedrock invocation from AWS Lambda Function

• Link - https://boto3.amazonaws.com/v1/documentation/api/latest/reference/services/bedrock-runtime.html

2. Create an IAM Role and Increase timeout limit

3. Configure Test Event

{ "prompt": "How is weather in Bengaluru"}

Creator and Copyright - Rahul Trisal

Generative AI with Bedrock : Step by Step Guide

Broad Steps for writing Lambda Function

#1 Import boto3 and create client connection with bedrock

#2. Create a Request Syntax - Get details from console and body should be json object

#3 Convert Streaming Body to Byte and then Byte to String

#4 a. Print the event , b. Store the input in a variable, c. Update the response body

Creator and Copyright - Rahul Trisal

Generative AI with Bedrock : Step by Step Guide

4. Create an REST API from API Gateway

• Resource – demoBedrock

• Method - GET

5. API Gateway - Method Request

• URL query string parameters – Add input parameter

• Enable - Request Validation

Creator and Copyright - Rahul Trisal

Generative AI with Bedrock : Step by Step Guide

6. API Gateway - Integration Request

• application/json

"prompt" : "$input.params('prompt')"

7. Deploy the API to a Stage

8. Test using API Gateway Console

9. Sample Text - Link

Creator and Copyright - Rahul Trisal
AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced

Section on
Lambda Advanced Concepts

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 AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced
AWS Lambda – Advanced Concepts (Theory and HandsOn)
• Lambda Execution and Concurrency

• Lambda - Reserved and Provisioned Concurrency

• Lambda - VPC Networking Configuration

• Lambda Monitoring - CloudWatch Metrics

• Lambda Monitoring - CloudWatch Logs

• Lambda Versions

• Lambda Aliases

• Lambda - Environment Variables

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 AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced
AWS Lambda – Concurrency, Reserved Concurrency and Provisioned Concurrency

AWS Lambda Function Execution and Cold Start:

Source : AWS
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 AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced
AWS Lambda Concurrency

• Concurrency is the number of in-flight requests your AWS Lambda function is handling at the same time.

• For each concurrent request, Lambda provisions a separate instance of your execution environment.

• As the functions receive more requests, Lambda automatically handles scaling the number of execution

environments until account's concurrency limit.

• By default, Lambda provides account with a total concurrency limit of 1,000 across all functions in a region.

Source : AWS
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 AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced
AWS Lambda Concurrency

Source : AWS
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 AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced
AWS Lambda - Concurrency

How to calculate Concurrency

• Concurrency = (average requests per second) * (average request duration in seconds)

• If the average request duration is 500 ms, the concurrency is :

• Concurrency = (100 requests/second) * (0.5 second/request) = 50

• Concurrency Implication :

• A concurrency of 50 means that Lambda must provision 50 execution environment instances to efficiently
handle this workload without any throttling.

Source : AWS
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 AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced
Provisioned Concurrency and Reserved Concurrency
Provisioned Concurrency

• Set number of pre-provisioned execution environment instances for your function.

• Use provisioned concurrency to pre-initialize a number of environment instances for a function. This is useful
for reducing cold start latencies.

Source : AWS
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 AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced
Reserved concurrency vs. Provisioned concurrency
Reserved Concurrency

• Maximum number of execution environment instances for a particular function.

• Use reserved concurrency to reserve a portion of your account's concurrency for a function. This is useful if
you don't want other functions taking up all the available unreserved concurrency.

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 AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced
Provisioned concurrency vs Reserved concurrency

Source : AWS
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 AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced
AWS Lambda Limits - Memory

• Lambda allocates CPU power in proportion to the amount of memory configured.

• Default Memory – 128 MB

• Maximum Memory - 10,240 MB, in 1-MB increments.

• At 1,769 MB, a function has the equivalent of one vCPU.

• More memory = more CPU

• Lambda Pricing – Number of invocations * Memory Allocated * Execution Time

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 AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced
AWS Lambda Limits - Memory
Chart based on per 1000 Invocations

• One-thousandth of a cent cost difference, the function has a 10-fold

improvement in performance.

• Choosing the memory allocated to Lambda functions is an optimization

process that balances speed (duration) and cost.

• AWS Lambda Power Tuning tool allows to automate the process.

Best Practice
• Derive the balance between Function Time out and Memory allocated (think about the edge cases)
• Over-Provision Memory, If required but Not Function Timeout
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 AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced
AWS Lambda Limits - Memory
Chart based on per 1000 Invocations

• One-thousandth of a cent cost difference, the function has a 10-fold

improvement in performance.

• Choosing the memory allocated to Lambda functions is an optimization

process that balances speed (duration) and cost.

• AWS Lambda Power Tuning tool allows to automate the process.

Best Practice
• Derive the balance between Function Time out and Memory allocated (think about the edge cases)
• Over-Provision Memory, If required but Not Function Timeout
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 AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced
AWS Lambda – Deployment Options – Default and VPC Private Resources
Where is AWS Lambda Deployed – Option 1
S3 DynamoDB

• All Lambda functions run securely inside a default system-managed virtual private cloud (VPC).
• Not in Customer VPC
• Has access to all the services that P.S
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 AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced
AWS Lambda Deployment and access to Private Subnet Resources
How does Lambda access AWS Services in Customer VPC in Private Subnet such as RDS DB or EC2

Private Subnet

Private Subnet

• Lambda need the IAM permissions required to create and delete network interfaces in your VPC - AWSLambdaVPCAccessExecutionRole
• Control the subnet and security group configurations of these network interfaces.
• Use a NAT device to give a function internet access or use VPC endpoints to connect to services outside of your VPC.

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 AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced
AWS Lambda – Deployment Options

Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Scenario 3

(Access to Public Internet) (Access to Private Subnet VPC) (Access to Private Subnet and Public Internet/
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Source : AWS
 AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced
AWS Lambda Deployment and access to Private Subnet Resources

How does Lambda access AWS Services in Customer VPC in Private Subnet – Option 2

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 AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced
AWS Lambda Deployment and access to Private Subnet Resources

How does Lambda access AWS Services in Customer VPC in Private Subnet – Option 2

Using Hyperplane (the Network Function Virtualization platform ) ENI, a managed network resource that the Lambda
service controls, allowing multiple execution environments to securely access resources inside of VPCs in your account.
Managed under the hood by AWS but need to be aware of configuration settings –
P.S : TheLambda
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Public and copyrighted
Private Resources
 AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced
AWS Lambda Monitoring – Use CloudWatch Metrics, Logs and Dashboard

• Lambda service automatically monitors Lambda functions and sends function Metrics and Logs to CloudWatch.

• On processing an event, Lambda sends metrics about the invocation to CloudWatch and generate logs.

• Graphs and dashboards can be built with these metrics on the CloudWatch console

• Set alarms to respond to changes in utilization, performance, or error rates.

• Lambda sends metric data to CloudWatch in 1-minute intervals (min).

Get Method

Get Method
Sample Event
{ "bucket": "firstbucket01092022", "key": "bucket1.json"}

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 AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced
AWS Lambda Metrics in CloudWatch
There are eight important Lambda metrics to monitor to understand the performance of your workload:

1. Invocations: The number of times that your function code is invoked, including successful invocations and
invocations that result in a function error.

2. Duration: The amount of time that your function code spends processing an event.

3. Errors: This logs the number of errors thrown by a function.

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 AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced
CloudWatch Metrics

4. Throttles: Set alarms on this metric for any non-zero value since this only occurs if the number of
invocations exceeds concurrency in your account.

5. ConcurrentExecutions: monitor this value to ensure that your functions are not running close to the total
concurrency limit for your AWS account.

6. UnreservedConcurrentExecutions: Similar to the previous metric but excludes functions using reserved
concurrency.

7. DeadLetterErrors: An error is triggered if Lambda cannot write to the designated dead-letter queue, set
alarm on any non-zero values for this metric.

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 AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced
CloudWatch Metrics

8. IteratorAge: For Lambda functions that poll streaming sources, such as Kinesis or DynamoDB streams, the
value indicates when events are being produced faster than they are being consumed by Lambda.
IteratorAge is the difference between the current time and when the last record of the GetRecords call was
written to the stream.

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 AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced
AWS Lambda CloudWatch Logs

• Lambda function comes with a CloudWatch Logs log group (/aws/lambda/function name) and a log stream for

each instance of your function.

• The Lambda runtime environment sends details about each invocation to the log stream, and relays logs and

other output from your function's code.

• To output logs from your function code, use the print method, or any logging library that writes to stdout or

stderr.

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 AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced
AWS Lambda CloudWatch Logs Report Log

1. RequestId

2. Duration

3. Billed Duration

START RequestId: 8f507cfc-xmpl-4697-b07a-ac58fc914c95 Version: $LATEST

4. Memory Size
## ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
environ({'AWS_LAMBDA_LOG_GROUP_NAME': '/aws/lambda/my-function', 'AWS_LAMBDA_LOG_STREAM_NAME': 5. Max Memory Used
'2020/01/31/[$LATEST]3893xmpl7fac4485b47bb75b671a283c', 'AWS_LAMBDA_FUNCTION_NAME': 'my-function', ...})
## EVENT 6. Init Duration
{'key': 'value'}
END RequestId: 8f507cfc-xmpl-4697-b07a-ac58fc914c95 7. XRAY TraceId
REPORT RequestId: 8f507cfc-xmpl-4697-b07a-ac58fc914c95 Duration: 15.74 ms Billed Duration: 16 ms
Memory Size: 128 MB Max Memory Used: 56 MB Init Duration: 130.49 ms 8. SegmentId
XRAY TraceId: 1-5e34a614-10bdxmplf1fb44f07bc535a1 SegmentId: 07f5xmpl2d1f6f85 Sampled: true
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 AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced
Report Log
Lambda function – Use Cloud Watch Logs and CloudWatch Metrics
• RequestId – The unique request ID for the
invocation.
• Duration – The amount of time that your
function's handler method spent processing
the event.
• Billed Duration – The amount of time billed for
the invocation.
• Memory Size – The amount of memory
allocated to the function.
START RequestId: 8f507cfc-xmpl-4697-b07a-ac58fc914c95 Version: $LATEST
## ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES • Max Memory Used – The amount of memory
environ({'AWS_LAMBDA_LOG_GROUP_NAME': '/aws/lambda/my-function', used by the function.
'AWS_LAMBDA_LOG_STREAM_NAME': • Init Duration – For the first request served, the
'2020/01/31/[$LATEST]3893xmpl7fac4485b47bb75b671a283c', amount of time it took the runtime to load the
'AWS_LAMBDA_FUNCTION_NAME': 'my-function', ...}) function and run code outside of the handler
## EVENT method.
{'key': 'value'}
• XRAY TraceId – For traced requests, the AWS X-
END RequestId: 8f507cfc-xmpl-4697-b07a-ac58fc914c95
REPORT RequestId: 8f507cfc-xmpl-4697-b07a-ac58fc914c95 Duration: 15.74 ms Billed Ray trace ID.
Duration: 16 ms Memory Size: 128 MB Max Memory Used: 56 MB Init Duration: 130.49 • SegmentId – For traced requests, the X-Ray
ms segment ID.
XRAY TraceId: 1-5e34a614-10bdxmplf1fb44f07bc535a1 SegmentId: 07f5xmpl2d1f6f85 • Sampled – For traced requests, the sampling
Sampled: true result.
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 AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced
AWS Lambda Versions and Aliases
AWS Lambda Version
• Lambda versions are used for deployment of functions.

• For example, you can publish a new version of a function in Dev, QA and Prod

• Lambda creates a new version of your function each time we publish the function.

A function version includes the following information:

• The function code and all associated dependencies.

• The Lambda runtime that invokes the function.

• All the function settings, including the environment variables.

• A unique Amazon Resource Name (ARN) to identify the specific version of the function.
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 AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced
AWS Lambda Aliases

• A Lambda alias is like a pointer to a specific function version.

• Users can access the function version using the alias Amazon Resource Name (ARN).

• Each alias has a unique ARN. An alias can point only to a function version, not to another alias.

• You can update an alias to point to a new version of the function.

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 AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced
Use Case for Aliases

• Event sources such as Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3) invoke your Lambda function. These event
sources maintain a mapping that identifies the function to invoke when events occur. If you specify a
Lambda function alias in the mapping configuration, you don't need to update the mapping when the
function version changes.

• In a resource policy, you can grant permissions for event sources to use your Lambda function. If you specify
an alias ARN in the policy, you don't P.S
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 AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced
AWS Lambda – Environment Variables
• Environment variables can be used to adjust your function's behavior without updating code.
• Most common use case is storing and retrieving hostname and other connection details for the database in test and prod
environments
• Environment variable for your function can be defined by using a key and a value.
• The Lambda runtime makes environment variables available to your code.
• Your function uses the name of the key to retrieve the value of environment variable.

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 AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced
Example scenario for environment variables
• Environment variables to customize function behavior in test environment and production environment.
• W can create two functions with the same code but different configurations.
• One function connects to a test database, and the other connects to a production database.
• Environment variables can be used for function to retrieve hostname and other connection details for the database.

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AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced

Section on
Serverless Use Case-using API Gateway, AWS Lambda
and S3 (Balance Status Application)

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AWS CDK v2 – Pre-Requisites
1. Signup for AWS Account

2. IDE – Visual Code Studio - https://code.visualstudio.com/

3. Install AWS CLI - https://docs.aws.amazon.com/cli/latest/userguide/getting-started-install.html

Check using open Start -- > cmd -- > Run following command > aws - - version; output : aws-cli/2.7.24…

4. Install the AWS CDK Toolkit for VS Code :

https://docs.aws.amazon.com/toolkit-for-visual-studio/latest/user-guide/setup.html#install

Output : 2.59.0 (build b24095d)

In case of error : Run following command >> “Set-ExecutionPolicy -Scope Process -ExecutionPolicy Bypass” and then execute other commands
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AWS CDK v2 – Pre-Requisites
5. Install Node.js - https://nodejs.org/en/ (Check by running following command >> node - - version,
output should be > v10.3.0)

To download for other Programming Languages – Use this link : https://cdkworkshop.com/15-prerequisites.html

6. AWS Account User - Configure Credentials to access AWS services from Visual Studio -
https://docs.aws.amazon.com/toolkit-for-vscode/latest/userguide/establish-credentials.html

• Create an IAM User

• Configure Credentials

• Test using following command If configured properly – > aws s3 ls (should return all s3 buckets)

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AWS CDK – Pre-Requisites

https://cdkworkshop.com/15-prerequisites/100-awscli.html
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AWS Cloud Development Kit (CDK) v2 – Serverless Use Case
Serverless Use Case - using API Gateway, AWS Lambda and S3

• S3

• IAM Role

• AWS Lambda

• API Gateway

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AWS CDK v2 – Serverless Use Case
Serverless Use Case-using API Gateway, AWS Lambda and S3 (Balance Status Application)
1. S3
• bucketName – ‘balanceStatus-0125’

2. IAM Role
• roleName
• assumedBy
• description
• IAM Policy attached to Role - AmazonS3FullAccess

3. AWS Lambda
• handler - lambda_function.lambda_handler
• role
• code
• runtime
• LambdaCode file – lambda_function.py
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AWS CDK v2 – Serverless Use Case
Serverless Use Case - using API Gateway, AWS Lambda and S3
4. API Gateway
• handler
• restApiName
• proxy
• deploy

• Resource - balanceStatus
• Method – GET
• Construct - LambdaRestAPI

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Summary of Steps to create any AWS Resource using CDK v2
Step 1. – Open the new folder in Visual Studio Code Editor and open Terminal

Step 2. – Create the app: Create Infra & Services Folder - mkdir infra, mkdir services and cd infra

Step 3. – Initialize the CDK with cdk init app --language typescript

Step 4. – Import the module for aws service being created - Link

Step 5. – Define Scope, Logical ID and Props – (this, ’logical id’, {props})

Step 6. – Build the app (Optional) with npm run build

Step 7. – Bootstrap (One Time) with cdk bootstrap

Step 8. – Synthesize an AWS CloudFormation template for the app with cdk synth

Step 9. – Deploying the stack with cdk deploy

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AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced

Section on
AWS CloudFormation- API GW, Lambda, S3- (From my
Udemy Course on CloudFormation)

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AWS CloudFormation – Template Anatomy

Source:

https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSCloudFormation/latest/UserGuide/t
emplate-anatomy.html

All Sections Optional except Resources

AWS CloudFormation – Serverless Banking Use Case 2
Serverless Use Case - using API Gateway, AWS Lambda and S3

• S3

• IAM Role/Lambda

Execution Role

• AWS Lambda

• API Gateway
Account Balance Status
• LambdaInvokePermission

Creator and Copyright - Rahul Trisal

AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced

Section on
Real World Serverless Use Case 3 - Monitor & increase
free storage for SQL Server FCI Cluster

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AWS Lambda and Python – Beginner to Advanced
Monitor & increase free storage for SQL Server FCI Cluster using AWS Lambda- MS AD,
EC2, FSx, CloudWatch and CloudWatch Alarm

• Microsoft AD

• EC2

• FSx

• CloudWatch Metrics

• CloudWatch Alarm

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Python Basics – 1 (Print Function, Variables, .Format, User Input)
1. Print Function – print the message to screen or any interface; Syntax : print( )
>> print(“Hello Rahul”)
>> print(30.5)

2. Variable - Containers for storing data values string, float or integers and no need to declare; Syntax : x = 3, greeting = “hello” etc.
>> demo = "hi“
>> x = 30

3. User Input - Allow user to provide an input; Syntax - input(“ “)

>> schoolName = input(“Please enter your School Name")

>> grade = input(“Please enter your Grade")
>> print(“My schoolName is : {} and grade is {}".format(schoolName, grade))

4. Print variables in Strings---- ‘format()’ method - .format(a,b)

>> grade = 4,
>> section = ‘A’
>> print(“My class is : {} and section is {}".format(grade, section))
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Python Basics – 2 (Data Types Introduction)
5. Data Types Introduction

Data types are the classification or categorization of data items. It represents the kind of value that tells what operations
can be performed on a particular data.
• Numeric (Integer, Complex Number, Float)
• Dictionary – Most Important; Key-value pairs; Dict = {1: ‘Rahul', 2: ‘John', 3: ‘Joy’}
• Boolean (True or False)
• Set - Sets are used to store multiple items in a single variable; fruits = {"apple", "banana", "cherry"}
• Sequence Type (String, List and Tuple)
• Strings is a sequence of characters internally stored as binary (“Aaron”)
• ASCII value of the letter 'A' is 65.
• List - Lists in Python can be created by just placing the sequence inside the
square brackets[]
• [“Rahul”, “John”, “Joy”]

6. Determine Data Type – Syntax - type(variable)

>> type(variable)

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AWS Lambda with Python – Basics - 3
12. Function

Python Functions is a block of related statements designed to perform a computational, logical, or evaluative task.
Syntax:
def function_name(argument/parameters):
return expression or value

Example
# A simple Python function to check whether x is even or odd

def evenOdd(x):
if (x % 2 == 0):
print("even")
else:
print("odd")
# Driver code to call the function
evenOdd(2)
evenOdd(3)

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Python Basics – 2 (Dictionary)
10. Data Types – Dictionary

• curly brackets
• key: pair values
• Its mutable but keys immutable
• Nested Dictionary
………………………………………………
d = {1: 'Python', 2: 'For', 3: 'Lambda'}
Nested Dictionary
nd = {1:'Python', 2:{'books’: 'arch’ , 'aws':'Lambda'}}
………………………………………………
• Items
• Keys
• Values
• Elements in Dictionary – Getting specific values from Key Names
• Elements in Dictionary – Getting specific values from Key Names in a Nested Dictionary
• Adding an element to dictionary - d[3] = "red"
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• Dictionary Methods
Python Basics – 2 (Loops and Slicing)
7. Loop (for loop)
For loops are used for sequential traversal. For example: traversing a list or string or array etc.
>> data = “length”
Syntax :
>> for k in data :
print(k) -----> k, colon, spacing (4 or 5)

8. String length function - returns the length of a string: Syntax – len()

a = "Hello“
print(len(a))
9. String Slicing in Python
Python slicing is about obtaining a sub-string from the given string by slicing it respectively from start to end. Syntax: var[start: stop: step]
• data = "john"
• print(data[0:2:1])

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Python Basics – 3 (List) with Loop and if/else statement
11. Data Types – List
• Lists in Python can be created by just placing the sequence inside the square brackets []
• A single list may contain Data Types like Integers, Strings, as well as Objects.
• List in Python are ordered and have a definite count. The elements in a list are indexed with 0 being the first index.
• slice(start, stop, step)
• Reverse [ : : -1]
………………………………………………
• l = [1, 4, 'For', 6, 'Anisha’]
• Nested List => nestedList = nestedList = [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]]
…………………………………………
• By positional value
• list = [2,3,4] or [2]
• k = list[0:2:1]
• print(k)
• For Loop and if statement

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Python Basics – 2 (Loops and Slicing)
7. Loop (for loop)
For loops are used for sequential traversal. For example: traversing a list or string or array etc.
>> data = “length”
Syntax :
>> for k in data :
print(k) -----> k, colon, spacing (4 or 5)

8. String length function - returns the length of a string: Syntax – len()

a = "Hello“
print(len(a))
9. String Slicing in Python
Python slicing is about obtaining a sub-string from the given string by slicing it respectively from start to end. Syntax: var[start: stop: step]
• data = "john"
• print(data[0:2:1])

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Python Basics – 1 (Pre-Req– Install PyCharm)
1. Install PyCharm(Community edition) – Free

https://www.jetbrains.com/pycharm/download/#section=windows

2. Get a free tier AWS account – Free

https://aws.amazon.com/free/?all-free-tier.sort-by=item.additionalFields.SortRank&all-free-tier.sort-
order=asc&awsf.Free%20Tier%20Types=*all&awsf.Free%20Tier%20Categories=*all

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AWS Lambda with Python – Basics - 3
12. Function

Python Functions is a block of related statements designed to perform a computational, logical, or evaluative task.
Syntax:
def function_name(argument/parameters):
return expression or value

Example
# A simple Python function to check whether x is even or odd

def evenOdd(x):
if (x % 2 == 0):
print("even")
else:
print("odd")
# Driver code to call the function
evenOdd(2)
evenOdd(3)

P.S : The content is created by Rahul Trisal and copyrighted

Python Basics – 2 (Loops and Slicing)
7. Loop (for loop)
For loops are used for sequential traversal. For example: traversing a list or string or array etc.
>> data = “length”
Syntax :
>> for k in data :
print(k) -----> k, colon, spacing (4 or 5)

8. String length function - returns the length of a string: Syntax – len()

a = "Hello“
print(len(a))
9. String Slicing in Python
Python slicing is about obtaining a sub-string from the given string by slicing it respectively from start to end. Syntax: var[start: stop: step]
• data = "john"
• print(data[0:2:1])

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 Thank You

P.S : The content is created by Rahul Trisal and copyrighted