when we install SAP we see default users, Clients and screens created

in it .we can create new users/ clients/ and screen layouts based on
our requirements in the sap applications.
SAP Applications versions
SAP R/3 SYSTEM 1992
 DISPATCHER

ABAP INTERPRETER
SQL INTERPRETER
SCREEN INTERPRETER
A Screen Interpreter in SAP translates user actions (like clicks or inputs) into system-
recognized events. It processes these inputs and communicates with ABAP to execute logic.
The result is then displayed on the SAP GUI for the user.
· User Context: Stores session-related data for a user in SAP to maintain continuity.
· Buffers: Temporarily holds frequently accessed data to improve performance and reduce
database load.
Database: The central storage where SAP retrieves and updates data.

In real time scenario we don’t see SAP menu we see user

menu with the Employee ID ass shown below

Yes, to access SAP through the SAP Logon Pad, you need an SAP system (server) because:

1. SAP Logon Pad is just a client: It does not store or process data but only acts as an interface
to connect to an SAP server.
2. Requires a configured SAP system: The Logon Pad must be configured with system details
(such as hostname, instance number, and client) to establish a connection.
3. Authentication happens on the SAP server: User credentials are verified by the SAP system,
not the Logon Pad itself.

If you don’t have access to an SAP system, you can either:

 Use an existing company-provided SAP server (if you work for an organization that uses
SAP).
 Set up an SAP trial system (SAP provides trial versions of S/4HANA or NetWeaver for
learning purposes).
 Use cloud-based SAP access services (some third-party vendors offer SAP system access for
practice
We must run sap system (sap server) to connect to
sap through logon pad
if we have 10 dialog work process's in SAP system then the
parameter is

Example Central Instance

Realtime
SID must be alphanumerical 3 digit word with the character as follows

IDES SYSTEM IS FOR EDUCATIONAL PURPOSE FOR STUDENTS TO LEARN

Windows 2012 server is optional we can use other servers also based on
our requirement.

CLIENTS IN DIFFERENT VERSIONS

000, 001, 066 CLIENTS MUST NOT BE USED OR CREATED BY US IN ANY

SYSTEM WHETHER IDES OR NON-IDES BECAUSE THESE CLIENTS ARE
DEFAULT CLIENTS AND ARE RESERVED FOR OTHER ACTIVITIES.

We have 4 types of status in client copy logs
RFC (Remote Function Call) is a communication
protocol that allows two SAP systems to communicate, enabling function
execution and data transfer remotely."
How to Create a Single User Profile in SAP (SU01)
1. Open User Maintenance (SU01)

Log in to SAP.

Enter transaction code SU01 in the command field and press Enter.

2. Create a New User

In the User field, enter the desired User ID.

Click on Create (F8).

3. Enter User Details

Navigate to the Address tab and fill in:

First Name, Last Name

Email (if required)

Phone number (optional)

4. Set Logon Data

Go to the Logon Data tab:

Set an Initial Password (User will change it upon first login).

Choose User Type (e.g., Dialog for regular users).

5. Assign Authorizations

Roles Tab: Assign relevant SAP roles based on job function.

Profiles Tab: If needed, assign additional authorization profiles.

6. Set Additional Parameters (Optional)

In the Parameters tab, define system parameters if required (e.g., default company code).

7. Save and Activate the User

Click on Save (Ctrl+S) to create the user profile.

SU01D TCode SAP lo Display User Master Record kosam vadatharu.
Simple ga cheppali ante, SU01 lo user create, edit, delete cheyyagalav. Kani SU01D lo
matram only display (view) cheyyagalav, edit cheyyalekapovachu.

SU01D lo emi chudagalav?

1. User Basic Details – Username, full name, email, etc.

2. Roles & Authorizations – User ki ye roles, authorizations unnaayo.
3. Profiles & Parameters – User specific settings.
4. License Data – User SAP license type.
5. Logon Data – User logins, validity period, lock status, etc.

Key Points:

✅ SU01 → Create/Edit/Delete User

✅ SU01D → Just View User Details (No editing)
What is PFCG in SAP?
PFCG (Profile Generator) is a SAP TCode used to create, manage, and assign roles and
authorizations to users.

Key Functions of PFCG:

✅ Create and Manage Roles – Define user roles with specific access rights.
✅ Assign Transactions – Add required TCodes to roles.
✅ Authorization Management – Control access levels (read, write, execute, etc.).
✅ User Assignment – Link users to roles for access.
✅ Menu Customization – Configure role-based SAP Easy Access menus.

Types of Roles in PFCG:

1. Single Role – Contains specific authorizations for users.

2. Composite Role – A combination of multiple single roles.
3. Derived Role – Inherits authorizations from a parent role but allows minor
modifications.

Basic Steps to Create a Role in PFCG:

1. Open PFCG → Enter a new role name → Click Create

2. Define Menu (Transaction codes, Reports, Web links, etc.)
3. Maintain Authorizations (Edit manually or generate automatically)
4. Assign Users to the role
5. Generate and save the role

How PFCG is Used in SAP Security?

  SAP Basis and Security teams use PFCG to ensure that users only have access to the
required functionalities for their job.
 Helps maintain compliance with security policies like SOD (Segregation of Duties).

In simple words, PFCG is the tool used to create and manage user roles and
authorizations in SAP. 🚀
multiple logons are permitted.
PARAMETERS
OPERATION MODES(SHIFTS)
Operation Modes in SAP BASIS are schedules that allow dynamic switching
of SAP system parameters such as the number of dialog, background, update,
spool, and enqueue work processes depending on business needs during the day
(e.g., peak hours vs. night time).
🔧 Understanding sapcontrol Command Syntax

sapcontrol is a command-line utility used to manage and monitor SAP systems. It's especially
useful for administrators working with SAP NetWeaver systems.

🔹 Command 1:

bash
CopyEdit
sapcontrol -nr 07 -function GetProcessList

🔍 Breakdown:

 sapcontrol: The command-line tool to control SAP instances.

 -nr 07: The instance number of the SAP system. Here, it is 07.
 -function GetProcessList: This function fetches the list of processes for the specified
SAP instance.

📘 Purpose:

This command is used to check the status of all processes (like Dispatcher, ICM, Message
Server, etc.) running under the SAP instance number 07.

✅ Example Use Case:

You use this command to monitor if all required processes of SAP are running correctly or
not.

🔹 Command 2:

bash
CopyEdit
sapcontrol -nr 07 -function StartSystem DE7

🔍 Breakdown:

 StartSystem: This function starts the SAP instance.

 DE7: This is the System ID (SID) of the SAP system. It uniquely identifies your SAP
system.

📘 Purpose:

This command is used to start the SAP system with SID DE7 for the instance number 07.

✅ Example Use Case:

You execute this after system maintenance, OS reboot, or a planned downtime to bring the
SAP system up.

🔹 Command 3:

bash
CopyEdit
sapcontrol -nr 07 -function StopSystem DE7

🔍 Breakdown:

 StopSystem: This function shuts down the SAP system.

 DE7: SID of the system being shut down.

📘 Purpose:

This command is used to gracefully stop all the processes and shut down the SAP system.

✅ Example Use Case:

Used during planned system maintenance, patch updates, or before rebooting the server.

🧠 Summary Table:

Command Function Purpose

GetProcessList Check status of SAP processes Monitoring

StartSystem DE7 Start the SAP system DE7 Boot SAP system

StopSystem DE7 Stop the SAP system DE7 Shutdown SAP system

⚠️Notes:

 You must execute these commands as the sidadm user (e.g., de7adm for DE7).
 The sapcontrol tool is located in the kernel directory of the SAP instance (like
/usr/sap/DE7/DVEBMGS07/exe).
 You can also use sapcontrol with -host <hostname> and -user <user> -passwd
<password> to control remote instances.

Would you like me to help you practice using these commands, or generate a sample shell
script to automate system startup and shutdown?
So, Mowa, inka chinna recap cheptanu:

🧾 You should know:

1. What is a SAP Note

2. Types of Notes
3. When to use
4. How to implement using SNOTE
5. Real-time examples
6. Security Note importance

That’s full clarity on SAP Notes 🔥