Practical 1:

Make a geometric to show that that

the nth roots of unity are equally
spaced points that lie on the unit
circle C1(0)={z:|z|=1} and form the
vertices of a regular polygon with n
sides , for n=4,5,6,7,8.
n = 4;
Roots@z ^ n Š 1, zD;
8ToRules@Roots@z ^ n Š 2, zDD<;
roots = 8Re@ðD, Im@ðD< & ž Hz . 8ToRules@Roots@z ^ n Š 1, zDD<L
points = Graphics@8Red, PointSize@LargeD, Point@rootsD<D;
circle = Graphics@8Blue, Circle@80, 0<, 1D<D;
poly = Graphics@8LightGreen, Polygon@rootsD<D;
Show@8points, circle, poly<, Axes ® True, AxesStyle ® BlackD
881, 0<, 80, 1<, 8- 1, 0<, 80, - 1<<
2 5030 Parth.nb

1.0

0.5

-1.0 -0.5 0.5 1.0

-0.5

-1.0
 5030 Parth.nb 3

n = 5;
Roots@z ^ n Š 1, zD;
8ToRules@Roots@z ^ n Š 1, zDD<;
roots = 8Re@ðD, Im@ðD< & ž Hz . 8ToRules@Roots@z ^ n Š 1, zDD<L
points = Graphics@8Red, PointSize@LargeD, Point@rootsD<D;
circle = Graphics@8Blue, Circle@80, 0<, 1D<D;
poly = Graphics@8LightGreen, Polygon@rootsD<D;
Show@8points, circle, poly<, Axes ® True, AxesStyle ® BlackD

:81, 0<, : I- 1 + 5 M, >, : I- 1 - 5 M, >,

1 5 5 1 5 5
+ -
4 8 8 4 8 8

: I- 1 - 5 M, - >, : I- 1 + 5 M, - >>
1 5 5 1 5 5
- +
4 8 8 4 8 8

1.0

0.5

-1.0 -0.5 0.5 1.0

-0.5

-1.0
4 5030 Parth.nb

n = 6;
Roots@z ^ n Š 1, zD;
8ToRules@Roots@z ^ n Š 1, zDD<;
roots = 8Re@ðD, Im@ðD< & ž Hz . 8ToRules@Roots@z ^ n Š 1, zDD<L
points = Graphics@8Red, PointSize@LargeD, Point@rootsD<D;
circle = Graphics@8Blue, Circle@80, 0<, 1D<D;
poly = Graphics@8LightGreen, Polygon@rootsD<D;
Show@8points, circle, poly<, Axes ® True, AxesStyle ® BlackD

:81, 0<, : , >, :- >, 8- 1, 0<, :- >, : , - >>

1 3 1 3 1 3 1 3
, ,-
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
1.0

0.5

-1.0 -0.5 0.5 1.0

-0.5

-1.0
 5030 Parth.nb 5

n = 7;
Roots@z ^ n Š 1, zD;
8ToRules@Roots@z ^ n Š 1, zDD<;
roots = 8Re@ðD, Im@ðD< & ž Hz . 8ToRules@Roots@z ^ n Š 1, zDD<L
points = Graphics@8Red, PointSize@LargeD, Point@rootsD<D;
circle = Graphics@8Blue, Circle@80, 0<, 1D<D;
poly = Graphics@8LightGreen, Polygon@rootsD<D;
Show@8points, circle, poly<, Axes ® True, AxesStyle ® BlackD

:81, 0<, :SinB F, CosB F>, :- SinB F, CosB

F>, :- CosB F, SinB F>,
3Π 3Π Π ΠΠ Π
14 14 14 14 7 7

:- CosB F, - SinB F>, :- SinB F, - CosB F>, :SinB F, - CosB F>>

Π Π Π Π 3Π 3Π
7 7 14 14 14 14
1.0

0.5

-1.0 -0.5 0.5 1.0

-0.5

-1.0
6 5030 Parth.nb

n = 8;
Roots@z ^ n Š 1, zD;
8ToRules@Roots@z ^ n Š 1, zDD<;
roots = 8Re@ðD, Im@ðD< & ž Hz . 8ToRules@Roots@z ^ n Š 1, zDD<L
points = Graphics@8Red, PointSize@LargeD, Point@rootsD<D;
circle = Graphics@8Blue, Circle@80, 0<, 1D<D;
poly = Graphics@8LightGreen, Polygon@rootsD<D;
Show@8points, circle, poly<, Axes ® True, AxesStyle ® BlackD

:81, 0<, : >, 80, 1<, :- >,

1 1 1 1
, ,
2 2 2 2

8- 1, 0<, :- >, 80, - 1<, : >>

1 1 1 1
,- ,-
2 2 2 2
1.0

0.5

-1.0 -0.5 0.5 1.0

-0.5

-1.0

Practical 2:

Find all the solutions of the

equation z^3= 8i andrepresent these
geometrically.
Find all the solutions of the 5030 Parth.nb 7

equation z^3= 8i andrepresent these

geometrically.
n = 4;
Roots@z ^ n Š 8 * ä, zD;
8ToRules@Roots@z ^ n Š 1, zDD<;
roots = 8Re@ðD, Im@ðD< & ž Hz . 8ToRules@Roots@z ^ n Š 8 * ä, zDD<L
points = Graphics@8Red, PointSize@LargeD, Point@rootsD<D;
circle = GraphicsA9Blue, CircleA80, 0<, 814 E=E;
poly = Graphics@8LightGreen, Polygon@rootsD<D;
Show@8points, circle, poly<, Axes ® True, AxesStyle ® BlackD

::- 234 SinB F, 234 CosB F>, :- 234 CosB F, - 234 SinB F>,
Π Π Π Π
8 8 8 8
:2 SinB F, - 2 CosB F>, :2 CosB F, 2 SinB F>>
34
Π 34
Π 34
Π 34
Π
8 8 8 8

1.5

1.0

0.5

-1.5 -1.0 -0.5 0.5 1.0 1.5

-0.5

-1.0

-1.5

Practical 3:

Write parametric equations and

make a parametric plot for an ellipse
8 5030 Parth.nb

Write parametric equations and

make a parametric plot for an ellipse
centered at the origin with horizontal
major axis 4 units and vertical minor
axis of 2 units .
Show the effect of rotation of this
ellipse by an angle of Π/6 radians and
shifting of the centre from (0,0) to
(2,1), by making a parametric plot.
ParametricPlot@82 * Cos@tD, 2 * Sin@tD<, 8t, 0, 2 * Pi<D;
p5 = ParametricPlot@84 * Cos@tD, 2 * Sin@tD<, 8t, 0, 2 * Pi<D
p6 = ParametricPlot@84 * Cos@tD * Cos@Pi  4D - 2 * Sin@tD * Sinh@Pi  4D,
2 * Cos@Pi  4D * Sin@tD + 4 * Cos@tD * Sin@Pi  4D<, 8t, 0, 2 * Pi<D
p7 = ParametricPlot@8- 1 + 4 * Cos@tD * Cos@Pi  4D - 2 * Sin@tD * Sinh@Pi  4D,
- 2 + 2 * Cos@Pi  4D * Sin@tD + 4 * Cos@tD * Sin@Pi  4D<, 8t, 0, 2 * Pi<D
2

-4 -2 2 4

-1

-2
 5030 Parth.nb 9

-3 -2 -1 1 2 3

-1

-2

-3

-4 -3 -2 -1 1 2

-1

-2

-3

-4

-5

Practical 4:

Show that the image of the open disk

D1(-1,-i)={z:|z+1+i|<1} under the
10 5030 Parth.nb

Show that the image of the open disk

D1(-1,-i)={z:|z+1+i|<1} under the
linear transformation
w=f(z)=(3-4i)z+6+2i is the open disk :
D5(-1+3i)={w:|w+1-3i|<5}.
z = x + ä * y;
w = u + ä * v;
R3 =
RegionPlot@Re@zD < - 1, 8x, - 3, 3<, 8y, - 3, 3<, BoundaryStyle ® Dashed, Axes ® TrueD;
R4 = RegionPlot@Re@Hw - 6 - 2 * äL  H3 - 4 * äLD < - 1, 8u, - 10, 10<, 8v, - 10, 10<,
BoundaryStyle ® Dashed, Axes ® TrueD;
GraphicsRow@8R3, R4<D

3 10

2
5
1

0 0

-1
-5
-2

-3 -10
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 -10 -5 0 5 10

Practical 5:

Show that the image of the right half-

plane Rez=x>1 under the linear
transformation w=(-1+i)z-2+3i is the
half-plane v>u+7,where
u=Re(w),etc.Plot the map.
plane Rez=x>1 under the linear 5030 Parth.nb 11

transformation w=(-1+i)z-2+3i is the

half-plane v>u+7,where
u=Re(w),etc.Plot the map.
z = x + ä * y;
w = u + ä * v;
R3 =
RegionPlot@Re@zD < - 1, 8x, - 3, 3<, 8y, - 3, 3<, BoundaryStyle ® Dashed, Axes ® TrueD;
R4 = RegionPlot@Re@Hw ^ 5 + 2 - 3 * äL  H- 1 + äLD < - 1, 8u, - 10, 10<, 8v, - 10, 10<,
BoundaryStyle ® Dashed, Axes ® TrueD;
GraphicsRow@8R3, R4<D

3 10

2
5
1

0 0

-1
-5
-2

-3 -10
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 -10 -5 0 5 10

Practical 6:

Show that the image of the right half

plane A={z:Re Z>=(1/2)} under the
mapping w=f(z)=(1/z) is the closed
disk D1(1) bar ={w:|w-1|<=1} in the
w plane.
 mapping w=f(z)=(1/z) is the closed
12 5030 Parth.nb

disk D1(1) bar ={w:|w-1|<=1} in the

w plane.
z = x + ä * y;
w = u + ä * v;
R3 =
RegionPlot@Re@zD > - 1, 8x, - 3, 3<, 8y, - 3, 3<, BoundaryStyle ® Dashed, Axes ® TrueD;
R4 = RegionPlot@Re@1  wD > - 1  2, 8u, - 3, 3<, 8v, - 3, 3<,
BoundaryStyle ® Dashed, Axes ® TrueD;
GraphicsRow@8R3, R4<D

3 3

2 2

1 1

0 0

-1 -1

-2 -2

-3 -3
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
 5030 Parth.nb 13

Practical 7:

Make a plot of the verticals line x=a,

for a=-1,-1/2,1/2,1 and the horizontal
lines y=b, for b=-1,-1/2,1/2,1. Find the
plot of this grid under the mapping
f(z)=1/z.
c1 = 81  2, t<;
c2 = 8- 1  2, t<;
c3 = 8t, 1  2<;
c4 = 8t ^ 3, t<;
f@z_D := 1  z;
k1 = ComplexExpand@f@1  2 + ä * tDD;
k2 = ComplexExpand@f@- 1  2 + ä * tDD;
k3 = ComplexExpand@f@t + ä * 1  2DD;
k4 = ComplexExpand@f@t ^ 3 + ä * tDD;
p1 = ParametricPlot@8c1, c2, c3, c4<, 8t, - 10, 10<,
PlotRange ® 88- 5, 5<, 8- 5, 5<<D;
p2 = ParametricPlot@88Re@k1D, Im@k1D<, 8Re@k2D, Im@k2D<,
8Re@k3D, Im@k3D<, 8Re@k4D, Im@k4D<<, 8t, - 10, 10<,
PlotRange ® 88- 5, 5<, 8- 5, 5<<D;
GraphicsRow@8p1, p2<D

4 4

2 2

-4 -2 2 4 -4 -2 2 4

-2 -2

-4 -4

Practical 8:
14 5030 Parth.nb

Practical 8:

Find the parametrization of the

polygonal path C=C1+C2+C3 from
-1+i to 3-i , Where C1 is the line
from :-1+i to -1 , C2 is the line
from:-1 to 1+i and C3 is the line
from 1+i to 3-i . Make plot of this
path.
c1 = 8- 1, t<;
p1 = ParametricPlot@8c1<, 8t, 0, 10<, PlotRange ® 88- 5, 5<, 8- 5, 5<<D
 5030 Parth.nb 15

-4 -2 2 4

-2

-4

c2 = 8- 2 * t - 1, - t<;
p2 = ParametricPlot@8c2<, 8t, - 1, 0<, PlotRange ® 88- 5, 5<, 8- 5, 5<<D

-4 -2 2 4

-2

-4
16 5030 Parth.nb

c3 = 8- 2 * t + 1, 2 * t + 1<;
p3 = ParametricPlot@8c3<, 8t, - 1, 0<, PlotRange ® 88- 5, 5<, 8- 5, 5<<D

-4 -2 2 4

-2

-4

p4 = ParametricPlot@8c1, c2, c3<, 8t, - 1, 1<, PlotRange ® 88- 5, 5<, 8- 5, 5<<D

-4 -2 2 4

-2

-4

Practical 9: Plot the line segment

‘L’ joining the point A=0 to B=2+
 5030 Parth.nb 17

Practical 9: Plot the line segment

‘L’ joining the point A=0 to B=2+
Π/4i and give the exact calculation
of Ù ãz â z over the line segment L.

C1 = 82 * t, Π  4 * t<;
z@t_D := 2 * t + Π  4 * ä
f@z_D := Exp@zD
ParametricPlot@8C1<, 8t, 0, 1<, PlotRange ® AllD
Integrate@f@z@tDD * z '@tD, 8t, 0, 1<D
Print@"This is the required integral value."D;

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0

H- 1L14 I- 1 + ã2 M

This is the required integral value.

Practical 10: Evaluate , where C is the

upper semicircle with radius 1 centered at z =
2
18 5030 Parth.nb

Practical 10: Evaluate , where C is the

upper semicircle with radius 1 centered at z =
2
oriented in a positive direction.
C2 = 82 + Cos@tD, Sin@tD<;

z@t_D := 2 + Cos@tD + ä * Sin@tD

f@z_D := 1  Hz - 2L;

ParametricPlot@8C2<, 8t, 0, Π<D

Integrate@f@z@tDD * z '@tD, 8t, 0, Π<D
Print@"This is the required integral value."D
1.0

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0

äΠ

This is the required integral value.

Practical 11: Show that

Ùc1z â z=Ùc2z â z =4+2i, where C1 is
the line segment from –1 – i to 3 + i
and C2 is the portion of the parabola
x = y^2 + 2y joining –1 – i to 3 + i.
Ùc1z â z=Ùc2z â z =4+2i, where C1 is
5030 Parth.nb 19

the line segment from –1 – i to 3 + i

and C2 is the portion of the parabola
x = y^2 + 2y joining –1 – i to 3 + i.
Make plots of two contours C1 and
C2 joining –1 – i to 3 + i .
c4 = 8- 4 * t - 1, - 2 * t - 1<;
ParametricPlot@c4, 8t, 0, - 1<D
1.0

0.5

-1 1 2 3

-0.5

-1.0

z@t_D := H- 4 * t - 1L + ä * H- 2 * t - 1L;
f@z_D := z;
Integrate@f@z@tDD z '@tD, 8t, 0, - 1<D
4+2ä

c5 = 82 * t + t ^ 2, t<;
ParametricPlot@c5, 8t, - 1, 1<D
1.0

0.5

-1 1 2 3

-0.5

-1.0

z@t_D := H2 * t + t ^ 2L + ä * t;
f@z_D := z;
Integrate@f@z@tDD z '@tD, 8t, - 1, 1<D
4+2ä
20 5030 Parth.nb

Practical 12: Use the ML inequality to

show that
|Ùc1  Hz^2 + 1L â z £ 1  2 5 ,
where C is the straight-line
segment from 2 to 2 + i. While
solving, represent the distance from
the point z to the
points i and – i, respectively, i.e., | z-ä|
and | z+ä | on the complex plane .

f@z_D := 1  Hz ^ 2 + 1L;
Parametric equation of a line segment from 2 to 2 + ä
g@t_D := 2 + t * ä
value = Integrate@f@g@tDD * g '@tD, 8t, 0, 1<D
ä + 4 a equation from line of Parametric segment to

- ArcTan@2D + ArcTan@2 + äD

N@Abs@ComplexExpand@valueDDD
0.187249
 5030 Parth.nb 21

NB1  2 * 5F

1.11803

Show@Graphics@8Purple, Arrow@882, 0<, 82, 1<<D, Red,

Arrow@882, 1<, 80, 1<<D, Green, Arrow@882, 0<, 80, - 1<<D, Blue,
Arrow@882, 1  2<, 80, 1<<D, Magenta, Arrow@882, 1  2<, 80, - 1<<D<D, Axes ® TrueD
1.0

0.5

0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0

-0.5

-1.0
22 5030 Parth.nb

Exercise 1:
C5 = 82 * Cos@tD, 2 * Sin@tD<
ParametricPlot@8C5<, 8t, 0, Pi  2<, PlotRange ® AllD
82 Cos@tD, 2 Sin@tD<

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0

f@z_D := Hz - 2L  Hz ^ 4 + 1L

z@t_D := 2 * Cos@tD + 2 * ä * Sin@tD

N@Abs@Integrate@f@z@tDD * z '@tD, 8t, 0, Pi  2<DDD
0.182809

N@H4 * PiL  15D

0.837758
 5030 Parth.nb 23

Practical 13:
Solve@2 + z - z ^ 2 Š 0, z, ComplexesD
88z ® - 1<, 8z ® 2<<

f@z_D := 3  H2 + z - z ^ 2L;

f1@z_D := Normal@Series@f@zD, 8z, - 1, 5<DD

f1@zD

H1 + zL2 + H1 + zL3 + H1 + zL4 + H1 + zL5

1 1 1+z 1 1 1 1
+ + +
3 1+z 9 27 81 243 729

Z=-1 is apole of order 1

f2@z_D := Normal@Series@f@zD, 8z, 2, 5<DD

f2@zD

H- 2 + zL2 - H- 2 + zL3 + H- 2 + zL4 - H- 2 + zL5

1 2-z 1 1 1 1 1
+ - +
3 9 -2 + z 27 81 243 729

z=2 is a pole of order 1.