79

Mathematics & Statistics (40)

(For Arts and Science)
Std. XI & XII

Introduction mastering the underlying processes and

Mathematics is the language of all skills.
sciences and is perhaps the only subject which 2) to apply the knowledge and skills in
merits this distinction. Mathematics is the Mathematics and related problems from
backbone of all sciences and it is an inseparable other subjects, by more than one method.
part of human life. 3) to develop positive attitude to think,
Higher Secondary is a launching stage analyze and articulate logically.
from where students would go to either for 4) to develop interest in Mathematics by
academic education in Mathematics or participating in various related
professional courses like Engineering and competitions and self-learning.
Computer Technology, Physical and Biological 5) to acquaint students with different aspects
Sciences. Hence to fulfil the needs of students, of Mathematics used in real life.
it is utmost important to make the study of 6) to develop an interest in students to study
Mathematics more meaningful by acquainting Mathematics as a discipline.
the student with many branches of mathematics. 7) to develop awareness of the need for
This will help them in developing Mathematical national integration, protection of an
tools to be used in the professional education. environment, removal of social barriers,
Apart from motivating topics from real life elimination of sex biases and observance
situations and other subject areas, major thrust of small family norm.
is also on application of various concepts. 8) to develop reverence and respect towards
The proposed syllabus has been designed great mathematicians for their contribution
in accordance with National Curriculum to the field of Mathematics.
Framework 2005 and as per guidelines given 9) to develop interest in the subject by
in Focus Group on Teaching of Mathematics participating in related competitions.
2005 which is to meet the emerging needs of
all categories of students. Std. XI - PART – 1
Objectives
To enable the students 1. Measurement of Angles
1) to acquire knowledge and critical Need & concept, Revision of directed angle
understanding, particularly by way of (+ve and –ve angles), zero angle, straight
motivation and visualization of basic angle, angles in standard position,
concepts, terms, principles, symbols and coterminal angles, angles in quadrant &
80

quadrantal angles. Sexagesimal system, ordinate axes, intercepts of a line, revision

circular system, relation between degree of different forms of equations of a line,
measure and radian measure. Theorem: slope-point form, slope-intercept form, two
Radian is a constant angle. Length of an point form, double intercept form, other
arc of a circle (s = r. θ, θ is in radians) forms of equations of a line, parametric
(without proof). Area of the sector of a form, normal form, general form, Theorem
circle A = ½ r2. θ, θ is in radians (without 1 : A general linear equation Ax + By+ C
proof). =0, provided A and B are not both zero,
2. Trigonometric functions simultaneously, always represents straight
Need & concept, Trigonometric functions line. Theorem 2 : Every straight line has
with the help of standard unit circle, signs an equation of the form Ax +By + C = 0,
of trigonometric functions in different where A, B and C are constants (without
quadrants, trigonometric functions of proof), Reduction of general equation of a
particular angles (00, 300, 450, 600, 900, line into normal form, intersection of two
1800, 2700, 3600), domain and range of lines, parallel lines, perpendicular lines,
trigonometric functions, periodicity of identical lines, condition for concurrency
functions, fundamental identities, graphs of three lines, angle between lines, distance
of trigonometric functions, Graph of of a point from a line, distance between
y = a sin bx, y = a cos bx, trigonometric two parallel lines, equations of bisectors
functions of negative angles. of angle between two lines, family of
3. Trigonometric functions of compound lines, equation of a straight line parallel to
angles a given line, equation of a straight line
Introduction, trigonometric functions of perpendicular to a given line, equation of
sum and difference, trigonometric functions family of lines through the intersection of
of multiple angles (upto double and triple two lines.
angles only), trigonometric functions of 7. Circle and Conics : Revision, standard
half angles. equation, centre-radius form, diameter
4. Factorization Formulae form, general equation, parametric
Introduction, Formulae for conversion of equations of standard equation, Conics
sum or difference into products, formulae Napees – Intersection of Napees of a cone
for conversion of product into sum or and Plane, introduction, focus-directrix
difference, trigonometric functions of property of parabola, ellipse, hyperbola,
angles of a triangle. parabola, standard equation (different
5. Locus forms of parabola), parametric equations,
Introduction, Definition and equation of ellipse, standard equation, hyperbola,
locus, points of locus, shift of the origin. standard equation, parametric equations.
6. Straight Line Application of conic section.
Revision. Inclination of a line, slope of a 8. Vectors
line, equation of lines parallel to co- Definition, magnitude of a vector, free
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and localized vectors, types of vectors, types of matrices – zero matrix, row matrix,
zero vector, unit vector, equality at vectors, column matrix, square matrix, determinant
negative of a vector, collinear vectors, of a square matrix, diagonal matrix, scalar
coplanar vectors, coinitial vectors, like and matrix, identity matrix, triangular matrices,
unlike vectors, scalar multiple of a vector, singular & non-singular matrices, transpose
triangle law, parallelogram law, polygon of a matrix, symmetric & skew symmetric
law, properties of addition of vectors, three matrices, operations on matrices – equality,
dimensional co-ordinate geometry, co- addition, subtraction, multiplication of a
ordinate axes & coordinate planes in space, matrix by a scalar, simple properties,
co-ordinates of a point in space, distance multiplication of matrices – definition,
between two points in a space, unit vectors properties of matrix multiplication,
along axes, position vector of a point in a properties of transpose of a matrix -
space, product of vectors, scalar product, (A')' = A, (KA)' = KA', (AB)' = B'A'.
definition, properties, vector product,
definition, properties, simple applications, PART – 2
work done by force, resolved part of a 1. Sets, Relations and Functions
force, moment of a force. Set – Revision, subset, proper improper
9. Linear Inequations subset and their properties, union,
Linear inequations in one variable – intersection, disjoint sets, empty set, finite
solution of linear inequation in one variable & infinite sets, equal sets, equivalent sets,
& graphical solution, solutions of system universal set, Venn diagrams, complement
of linear inequations in one variable, Linear of a set, difference of two sets, power set,
inequations in two variables – solution of Relations – ordered pairs, equality of
linear inequation in one variable & ordered pairs, Cartesian product of two
graphical solution, solution of linear sets, No. of elements in the Cartesian
inequations in two variables & graphical product of two finite sets, Cartesian product
solution, solutions of system of linear of the reals with itself, definition of
inequations in two variables, Replacement relation, pictorial diagrams, domain,
of a set or domain of a set, Transposition. codomain and range of a relation, types of
10. Determinants relations, one-one, many-one, binary
Revision, determinant of order three, equivalence relation, functions – function
definition, expansion, properties of as a special kind of relation, pictorial
determinants, minors & co-factors, representation of a function, domain,
applications of determinants, condition of codomain and range of a function, equal
consistency, area of a triangle, Cramer’s functions, types of functions - constant
rule for system of equations in three function, identity function, one-one
variables. function, onto function, into function, even
11. Matrices & odd functions, polynomial function,
Introduction, concepts, notations, order, rational function, modulus function,
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signum & greatest integer, exponential roots of unity – solution of quadratic

function, logarithmic function, functions equations in the complex number system,
with their graphs, sum, difference, product, cube roots of unity.
quotient of functions, scalar multiplication, 4. Sequences & Series
composite function, inverse function, Revision - sequence, A.P., Sum of first n
binary operations, real valued function of terms of A.P., properties of A.P., geometric
the real variable, domain and range of progression – introduction, general term,
these functions. sum of the first ‘n’ terms, (n terms from
2. Logarithms the end of G.P.) containing finitely many
Introduction, definition, properties, laws terms & sum to infinite terms, properties
of logarithms, change of base, of G.P., H.P. as a special type of A.P,
characteristics & mantissa – method of Means – arithmetic mean, geometric mean,
finding characteristics, method of finding harmonic mean, relation between A.M.,
mantissa, method of finding antilogarithm. G.M., H.M., Arithmetico-Geometric
3. Complex Numbers sequence, special series, sum of cube of
Introduction, need for complex numbers, first n natural numbers, sum of cube of
definitions –(real parts, imaginary parts, first n odd natural nos., exponential &
complex conjugates, modulus, argument), logarithmic series.
algebra of complex numbers – equality, 5. Permutations & combinations
addition, subtraction, multiplication, Introduction, fundamental principle of
division, powers and square root of a counting, factorial notation, permutations,
complex number, higher powers of i, when all r objects are distinct, when all r
DeMoivre’s formula – (without proof), objects are not distinct, circular
square root of a complex number, permutations, simple applications,
properties of complex numbers – properties combinations – definition, properties,
of addition of complex numbers, 1) Closure relations between permutations and
Property 2) Commulative Law combinations, simple applications.
3) Associative law 4) Existence of additive 6. Mathematical Induction and Binomial
identity 5) Existence of additive inverse. Theorem
Properties of product of complex numbers Principle of mathematical induction, simple
–Existance of multiplicative identity – applications, binomial theorem – binomial
Existance of multiplicative inverse, theorem for positive integers, general term,
properties of conjugate & modulus of particular term, properties of binomial co-
complex numbers, Argand Diagram – efficient with simple application, binomial
representation of a complex number as a theorem for any index (without proof),
point in plane, geometrical meaning of particular cases of binomial theorem,
modulus and argument, polar simple applications.
representation of complex numbers, 7. Limits
Fundamental theorem of algebra, cube Introduction of concept, meaning of x→a,
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the limit of a function, fundamental events. Conditional probability – definition,

theorem on limits, algebra of limits – multiplication theorem, independent
standard limits, without proof, limits at events, Baye’s theorem, odds in favour
infinity – concepts, simple problems. and against.
8. Differentiation
Definition : derivative, derivative at a point, List of Practicals: XI
geometrical significance of derivative, 1. Problems on locus.
physical significance (velocity as a rate of 2. Family of lines.
change of displacement), derivatives from 3. Tracing of Conics I.
first principle - of trigonometric functions, 4. Tracing of Conics II.
logarithmic functions, algebraic functions, 5. Applications of vectors (Dot and cross
exponential functions, rules of product).
differentiation – derivative of sum, 6. Linear inequation.
difference, product and quotient. 7. Applications of determinants.
9. Integration 8. Algebra of matrices.
Definition of integration as antiderivative, 9. Tracing of graphs of functions.
geometrical interpretation of indefinite 10. Numerical problems using laws of
integrals, algebra of integrals – integrals logarithms.
of some standard functions, rules of 11. Power and square root of a complex
integration. number, cube root of unity.
10. Statistics 12. Examples on special series.
Measures of dispersion – range, quartile 13. Permutations and combinations.
& quartile deviation (for grouped and 14. Mathematical induction.
ungrouped data), comparison of two 15. Binomial theorem.
frequency distributions with same mean, 16. Limits.
mean deviation about mean, mean 17. Differentiation.
deviation about median (for grouped & 18. Integration.
ungrouped data), variance, standard 19. Measures of dispersion.
deviation, effect of change of origin and 20. Probability.
scale on variance and standard deviation,
combined variance and standard deviation, Std. XII : PART – 1
co-efficient of variation.
11. Probability 1. Mathematical Logic
Revision, types of events – events and Statements - Introduction, sentences and
algebra of events, axiomatic definition of statement, truth value of statement, open
probability, mutually exclusive and sentences, compound statement, quantifier
exhaustive events, mutually exclusive and quantified statements, logical
events, addition theorem – for any two connectives : conjunction, disjunction,
events A and B, Result on complementary negation, implication/ conditional,
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biconditional, truth tables of compound trigonometric function, properties of

statements, examples related to real life inverse functions.
and mathematics, statement patterns and 4. Pair of straight lines
logical equivalence - tautology, Pair of lines passing through origin-
contradiction, contingency, duality, combined equation, homogenous equation,
negation of compound statement, theorem-the joint equation of a pair of
contrapositive, converse, inverse, algebra lines passing through origin and its
of statements-idempotent law, associative converse, acute angle between the lines
law, commutative law, distributive law, represented by ax2+2hxy+by2=0, condition
identity law, complement law, involution for parallel lines, condition for
law, DeMorgan’s laws, difference between perpendicular lines, pair of lines not
converse, contrapositive, contradiction, passing through origin-combined equation
application-introduction to switching of any two lines, condition that the
circuits (simple examples). equation ax 2+2hxy+by 2+2gx+2fy+c=0
2. Matrices should represent a pair of lines (without
Elementary transformation of a matrix- proof), acute angle between the lines
revision of cofactor and minor, elementary (without proof), condition of parallel and
row transformation, elementary column perpendicular lines, point of intersection
transformation, inverse of a matrix- of two lines.
existance and uniqueness of inverse of a 5. Circle
matrix, inverse by elementary Tangent of a circle-equation of a tangent
transformation, adjoint method, at a point to 1) standard circle,2) general
application-solution of system of linear circle, condition of tangency only for line
equations by – reduction method, inversion y = mx + c to the circle x2 + y2 = a2,
method. tangents to a circle from a point outside
3. Trigonometric functions the circle, director circle, length of tangent
Trigonometric equations-general solution segments, normal to a circle-equation of
of trigonometric equation of the type : normal at a point.
sinθ, = 0, cosθ = 0, tanθ = 0, sinθ = sinα, 6. Conics
cosθ = cosα, tanθ = tanα, sin2θ = sin2α, Tangents and normals-equations of tangent
cos2θ = cos2α, tan2θ = tan2α, acosθ + and normal at a point for parabola, ellipse,
bsinθ = C solution of a triangle : polar hyperbola; condition of tangency for
coordinates, sine rule, cosine rule, parabola; ellipse, hyperbola; tangents in
projection rule, area of a triangle, terms of slope for parabola, ellipse,
application, Hero’s formula, Napier hyperbola, tangents from a point outside
Analogues, inverse trigonometric conics, locus of points from which two
functions-definitions, domain, range, tangents are mutually perpendicular,
principle values, graphs of inverse properties of tangents and normals to
conics (without proof).
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7. Vectors and parallel to two given vectors, equation

Revision, Collinearity and coplanarity of of plane passing through three non-
vectors : linear combination of vectors, collinear points, equation of plane passing
condition of collinearity of two vectors, through the intersection of two given
conditions of coplanarity of three vectors, planes, angle between two planes, angle
section formula : section formula for between line and plane, condition for the
internal and external division, midpoint coplanarity of two lines, distance of a
formula, centroid formula, scaler triple point from a plane (vector approach)
product : definition, formula, properties, 11 Linear programming problems
geometrical interpretation of scalar triple Introduction of L.P.P. definition of
product, application of vectors to geometry- constraints, objective function,
medians of a triangle are concurrent, optimization, constraint equations, non-
altitudes of a triangle are concurrent, angle negativity restrictions, feasible and
bisectors of a triangle are concurrent, infeasible region, feasible solutions,
diagonals of a parallelogram bisect each Mathematical formulation-mathematical
other and converse, median of trapezium formulation of L.P.P. different types of
is parallel to the parallel sides and its L.P.P. problems, graphical solutions for
length is half the sum of parallel sides, problem in two variables, optimum feasible
angle subtended on a semicircle is right solution.
angle.
8. Three dimensional geometry Std. XII - PART – 2
Direction cosines and direction ratios:
direction angles, direction cosines, 1. Continuity
direction ratios, relation between direction Continuity of a function at a point : left
ratio and direction cosines, angle between hand limit, right hand limit, definition of
two lines, condition of perpendicular lines. continuity of a function at a point,
discontinuity of a function, types of
9. Line discontinuity, algebra of continuous
Equation of line passing through given functions, continuity in interval-definition,
point and parallel to given vector, equation continuity of some standard functions-
of line passing through two given points, polynomial, rational, trigonometric,
distance of a point from a line, distance exponential and logarithmic function.
between two skew lines, distance between 2. Differentiation
two parallel lines (vector approach). Revision- revision of derivative,
10. Plane relationship between continuity and
Equation of plane in normal form, equation differentiability-left hand derivative and
of plane passing through the given point right hand derivative (need and concept),
and perpendicular to given vector, equation every differentiable function is continuous
of plane passing through the given point but converse is not true, Derivative of
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composite function-chain rule, derivative 5. Applications of definite integral

of inverse function, derivative of inverse Area under the curve : area bounded by
trigonometric function : Derivative of curve and axis (simple problems), area
implicit function definition and examples, bounded by two curves, volume of solid
derivative of parametric function – of revolution-volume of solid obtained by
definition of parametric function , revolving the area under the curve about
exponential and logarithmic function- the axis (simple problems).
derivative of functions which are expressed 6. Differential equation
in one of the following form a) product of Definition-differential equation, order,
functions, b) quotient of functions, c) degree, general solution, particular solution
higher order derivative, second order of differential equation, formation of
derivative d) [f(x)][g(x)] differential equation-formation of
3. Applications of derivative differential equation by eliminating arbitary
Geometrical application-tangent and constants (at most two constants), solution
normal at a point, Rolle's theorem, and of first order and first degree differential
Mean value theorem and their geometrical equation-variable separable method,
interpretation (without proof), derivative homogeneous differential equation
as a rate measure-introduction, increasing (equation reducible to homogeneous form
and decreasing function, approximation are not expected), Linear differential
(without proof), Maxima and minima- equation, applications : population growth,
introduction of extrema and extreme bacterial colony growth, surface area,
values, maxima and minima in a closed Newton’s laws of cooling, radioactive
interval, first derivative test, second decay.
derivative test. 7. Statistics
4. Integration Bivariate frequency distribution - bivariate
Indefinite integrals-methods of integration, data, tabulation of bivariate data, scatter
substitution method, integrals of the diagram, covariance of ungrouped data,
various types, integration by parts covariance for bivariate frequency
(reduction formulae are not expected), distribution, Karl Pearson’s coefficient of
integration by partial fraction-factors correlation.
involving repeated and non-repeated linear 8. Probability distribution
factors, non-repeated quadratic factors, Probability distribution of a random
definite integral-definite integral as a limit variable-definition of a random variable,
of sum, fundamental theorem of integral discrete and continuous random variable,
calculus (without proof), evaluation of probability mass function (p.m.f.),
definite integral 1) by substitution, probability distribution of a discrete
2) integration by parts, properties of random variable, cumulative probability
definite integrals. distribution of a discrete random variable,
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expected value, variance and standard 5. Tracing of tangents and normals for circle
deviation of a discrete random variable, and parabola.
probability density function (p.d.f.), 6. Tracing of tangents and normals for ellipse
distribution function of a continuous and hyperbola.
random variable. 7. Applications of scalar triple product of
9. Bernoulli trials and Binomial vectors.
distribution 8. Three dimensional geometry - line.
Definition of Bernoulli trial, conditions 9. Three dimensional geometry - plane.
for Binomial distribution, binomial 10. Formations and solutions of LPP.
distribution (p.m.f.), mean, variance and 11. Applications of derivatives (Geometric
standard deviation, calculation of applications).
probabilities (without proof), Normal 12. Applications of derivatives – Rate measure.
distribution : p.d.f., mean, variance and 13. Applications of derivatives - Maxima and
standard deviation, standard normal minima
variable, simple problems (without proof). 14. Applications of definite integrals - Limit
of a sum.
List of Practicals : XII 15. Applications of definite integrals - Area.
1. Applications of logic. 16. Applications of definite integrals - volume.
2. Inverse of a matrix by adjoint method and 17. Applications of differential equations.
hence solution of system of linear 18. Bivariate frequency distribution.
equations. 19. Expected value, variance and S.D of a
3. Inverse of a matrix by elementary random variable.
transformation and hence solution of 20. Binomial distribution.
system of linear equations.
4. Solutions of a triangle.



248

Information Technology - Commerce (99)

Introduction 5. develop capabilities to access Information

Government has to visualize Schools using Internet
which will concentrate on a balanced 6. learn the basic concepts of Computer
development of students in intellectual, Networking
emotional and physical terms, with a view to 7. develop an understanding of principles
developing a technology literate, creative, and based on visual environment
critically thinking class of students to open the 8. acquire skills for creation of Basic Web
doors to the world of knowledge. Pages
The curriculum has been devised to 9. acquaint with basic techniques and
integrate a wide variety of knowledge, language, knowledge required for computing
value elements and skills such as creative and applications
critical thinking, personal, social, scientific, 10. get aware about cyber laws and ethics
mathematical environmental and knowledge
acquisition. Std. XI
In order to execute these dreams we have 1 Introduction to Information
to develop the relevant infrastructure. We should Technology
carry out a substantial reinvention and re- 1.1 Information Technology: Definition,
engineering of educational sector. Our existing Introduction, Information Systems,
curricula in educational institution in respect Software, Data
of computer courses have to be thoroughly 1.2 IT in Business, Industry, Home, Play,
revamped. Internet connectivity should be Education, Training, Science and
provided to all Schools. Recognized aided and Engineering
unaided Educational Institutions should ensure 1.3 Computers in Hiding
that the entire student community, irrespective 2 Office Suite
of subject chosen should become computer 2.1 Word Processor- Microsoft Word and
literate. IT should be the integral part of its main features
education system. 2.2 Spreadsheets – Microsoft Excel and
Objectives its main features
The student should be able to 2.3 Presentations – Microsoft PowerPoint
1. acquire basic knowledge of Computers 3 Multimedia
2. acquire basic knowledge of Information 3.1 Multimedia-Definition,
Technology Communication, Components,
3. understand E-Commerce and related Building Blocks, Scope, Uses,
concepts Application purposes
4. understand concepts in Multimedia 3.2 Overview of Computer Images
3.3 Digital Audio
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3.4 Overview of Video 7 Overview of Tally

3.5 Flash – Overview and Introduction 7.1 Advantages of computerized
3.6 Multimedia Design and Future accounting
Directions 7.2 Introduction to Tally and its features.
4 Web Browsers, E-mail Clients and 8 HTML
Messenger Utilities 8.1 Uses, Features, Properties and
4.1 Overview, Working of the Internet Limitations.
and WWW 8.2 Tags and Attributes, Basic Tags
4.2 Role of Web Servers, Clients Paragraph and Heading Tags,
4.3 Web Browsers and their use, Popular Comments
Web Browsers 8.3 Ordered and Unordered Lists and
4.4 E-Mail Servers and Protocols Related Tags, Nested Lists
4.5 E-mail Clients and Web Based Mail 8.4 Anchor Tag and Hyperlinks in HTML
Access using Browser 8.5 Division and Physical Style Tags,
4.6 Messenger Services and Clients working with Fonts, font types, sizes
4.7 FTP and colours.
5 File and Disk Utilities 8.6 Body background colour, text colour
5.1 Concept of Files and directories and hyperlink colours, Pre-formatting,
5.2 File Archival, compression and Line Break, and Horizontal Rules,
encryption Displaying special characters in
5.3 Disc Tools (Windows 7) Error- HTML
Checking and Defragmentation 8.7 Images in HTML, related tags and
5.4 Computer Security attributes, features of BMP, JPG and
6. Basic Database Concepts GIF Raster image formats
6.1 Definition of Database and database 8.8 Tables in HTML and related tags
program 8.9 Marquee
6.2 Tables, Rows/Records, Columns/ 8.10 Java Applets
Fields, Differences between database
and spreadsheet Std. XI - Practical List
6.3 Relational abilities and meaning of 1. Identification of Computer Systems and
Relational Database understanding LAB setup.
6.4 Basic Concepts of database and 2. Exercise on Windows, Start Menu and
RDBMS Accessories.
6.5 Constraints to ensure data quality 3. Creating Documents, page formatting, use
6.6 Database Administration, Software of fonts and colour and printing using
Development, Business Analysis Word
6.7 SQL, History and Command 4. Mail merge and envelope printing using
Categories Word
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5. Study of Spreadsheet using Excel 2 Cyber Laws and Ethics

6. Create simple Presentation and Slideshow 2.1 Moral, Ethics and Law
using PowerPoint 2.2 Ethics Culture and ethics for computer
7. Practical on simple Flash based animation users, professionals and business
8. Study of a Web Browser for browsing 2.3 Information Service
different websites 2.4 Code and guidelines of ethics
9. Acquisition of e-mail ID on free web- 2.5 Introduction to cyber laws and IT Act
based e-mail servers; sending and receiving of India 2000
emails with and without attachments. 2.6 Digital Signature, Electronic Records-
10. Study and use of search engines and Attribution, acknowledgement and
messengers. dispatch.
11. Downloading and saving Web page content 2.7 Ten Commandments of Computing
and images as files. 2.8 Security, Privacy and Control
12. Creation of Compressed File Archives ZIP 2.9 Intellectual Property Rights
and RAR 3 E-Commerce
13. Study of Disk Management Tools 3.1 Electronic Commerce-Scope,
14. Create a simple web page using basic Definition
HTML tags. 3.2 Trade Cycle
15. Creation of WEB page containing graphics 3.3 Electronic markets-Usage, Advantages
and table. and Disadvantages, Future
16. Use of Hyperlinks on web pages. 3.4 Electronic Data Interchange-
17. Creating simple database, table, forms and Definition, Benefits
reports using Access. 3.5 Internet Commerce, e-Commerce in
18. Generating simple queries and verifying Perspective
results. (Access). 3.6 EDI Security
19. Study of TALLY Package (GATEWAY) 4 Introduction to Networking
4.1 Communication and Network
Std. XII Technologies
4.2 Internet, Network Communication and
1 Web Publishing Protocols
1.1 HTML Page Frames 4.3 Transmission Media,
1.2 Image Mapping Communication over Wires and
1.3 Forms and Form Objects Cables, Wireless Communication
1.4 Inserting Sound and Video and Standards
1.5 Use of Unicode and Indian Language 4.4 Network Architecture,
Fonts Relationships and Features
1.6 Cross-Browser Testing 4.5 Cable Topologies
1.7 Introduction to CSS 4.6 Network Hardware
1.8 Web Server 5 Data Management using Access
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5.1 Microsoft Access and its main 6. Use of Video on Web Pages
features, Database Concepts 7. Creation and Publishing a Website using
5.2 Opening existing Databases FTP
5.3 Working with Tables 8. Cross Browser Testing and Differences in
5.4 Introduction to Forms and working Rendering
with forms 9. Creation of Webpage in Devnagri Script
5.5 Table Relationships (one-to-one and (Marathi or Hindi) using UNICODE. Use
many-to-many) Queries, Query types, MS-Word with BarahaIME and Save as
creation of Query manually as well as html
using wizard, calculations using 10. Conversion between Audio File Formats
queries (based on Std. XI syllabus)
5.6 Introduction to Reports and working 11. Image Conversion between Image file
with Reports formats (based on Std. XI syllabus)
6 Tally
6.1 Creating and configuring Company
Menus related to Accounts
6.2 Working with Groups and Ledgers
6.3 Study of Cost centers and Vouchers
6.4 Printing Purchase orders, Sales orders
and Invoice
6.5 Study of Trial Balance, Balance Sheet
and Profit and Loss Account

Practical List
1. Creation of a Website
2. Creation of a Website with Frames and
CSS
3. Hyperlinks on a Web Page using Client
Side Image Mapping
4. Hyperlinks on a Web Page using Server
Side Image Mapping
5. Use of Audio and Animation on Web
Pages
252

General Knowledge (32)

Introduction Objectives
General Knowledge has not become To enable the students to
important only today but it occupied and 1. Develop an ability to appear for National
retained its important position from the earliest Defence Academy examinations and other
times. General Knowledge is an inseparable competitive examinations.
part of competitive examinations. 2. Get acquainted with the Indian History,
With this view the Government of World Geography as well as Indian
Maharashtra, through the resolution dated 5th Geography, Indian Polity, Defence set up
July, 2002 has introduced ‘General Knowledge” & its functioning.
as a compulsory subject for the Sainiki Schools 3. Acquire the knowledge of recruitment in
in Maharashtra at +2 stage. The students getting the Armed Forces and paramilitary forces
education in Sainiki School al the +2 stage arc as an officer.
supposed to develop adequate general 4. Develop interest among the students to
knowledge. The motto of introducing the subject join armed forces.
is to empower (he students to appear for the 5. Develop interest in Defence strategies.
competitive examination in general and 6. Develop the general ability of the students
National Defence Academy (NDA) Exam in regarding
particular. i) The geographical aspects of India and
The syllabus is systematically structured the Earth.
by treating history. Geography, Defence studies ii) Major historical dates and events of
and General Ability as a whole and organizing India and World.
relevant information in such a way that it will iii) Current affairs.
cater to the specific needs of students for the 7. Inculcate the leadership qualities among
Board examination in the subject at Std XII as students.
well as National Defence Academy (NDA) 8. Develop reference skills and inculcate self
exam and other competitive examinations. study habits.
9. Acquaint the students with rich national
culture and heritage.
10. Make aware the students, regarding
national and international up-dates.

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Section A : History - Std. XI

UNIT SUB.UNITS
1. Ancient India i) The Harappan Civilisation(2500 to 1800 BC)
ii) Vedic Period, The Aryans (1500 BC to 1000 BC) Early
Vedic age
iii) Later Vedic age (1000 BC to 600 BC)
iv) Rise of Jainism and Buddhism

2. Ancient Dynasties i) Mahajanpadas

ii) The Magdha Empire(600 to 400 BC)
iii) The Maurya Dynasty(321 to 289 BC)
iv) Post Mauryan period
v) Gupta Dynasty(320 to 550 AD)

3. Medieval India The Sultanate of Delhi

i) The Slave Dynasty(1206 to 1290 AD)
ii) The Khilji Dynasty(1290 to 1320 AD)
iii) The Tughlaq Dynasty(1320 to 1414 AD)The Sayyad
Dynasty(1414 to 1451 AD)
iv) The Lodhi Dynasty(1451 to 1526 AD)

4. The Mughal Dynasty i) Babur (1526 to 1531 AD)

ii) Humayun (1530 to 1540 and 1555-56)
iii) The Afghan Interregnum Sher Shah Suri (1540 to
1545)
iv) Akbar (1556 to 1605)
v) Jahangir (1605 to 1627)
vi) Shahajahan (1628 to 1658)
vii) Aurangzeb (1659 to 1707)

5. Modern India i) Coming of the Europeans

ii) India under the British rule of East India Company.
iii) British Governors under company rule (1757 to 1857)
254

SECTION B : GEOGRAPHY
Std. XI

UNIT SUB.UNITS
1. Astronomy i) The Earth as a planet
2. Lithosphere i) The Earth’s crust, Rocks and Weathering
3. Atmosphere i) Atmosphere and it’s composition
4. Hydrosphere i) Ocean currents and tides
5. Maps and Map Reading i) Elements of Map
ii) Methods of showing relief features on Map
iii) Contours

SECTION C : DEFENCE STUDIES

Std. XI
UNIT SUB.UNITS
1. Introduction to i) Definition of Defence
Defence Studies ii) Scope of Defence
iii) Types of war
iv) Utility of Defence

2. Higher Defence i) Defence Committee of the Cabinet

Organisation ii) Defence Minister’s committee
iii) Chief of the staff committee
iv) National Defence Council

3. Organization of Indian i) Army Organisation

Armed Forces ii) Navy Organisation
iii) Air Force Organisation

4. Training Institutions of i) Officer’s Training Institutions of the Army

Defence Services ii) Officer’s Training Institutions of the Navy
iii) Officer’s Training Institutions of the Air Force
 255

SECTION D : GENERAL ABILITY

Std. XI

UNIT SUB.UNITS

1. Fine Arts i) Music

ii) Dance
iii) Painting

2. Sports and Literature i) Famous books and their Authors

ii) Sports

3. Constitution of India i) Preamble, Salient features

ii) Citizen and citizenship
iii) Fundamental Rights and Duties
iv) Directive Principles

4. Current Events A) Who’s Who in India

B) The World we live in

(32) General Knowledge

Std. XII - A: History

Unit Sub Unit

3. Freedom Movement in i) The Revolt of 1857
India(1857 to 1947) ii) The Socio-cultural awakening.
iii) Indian National Congress
a) 1885 to 1905
b) 1905 to 1920

4. Mahatma Gandhi and i) Non co-operation and Beyond.(1920 to 1947)

Nationalist Movement ii) Implementation of Gandhian thoughts after
Independence.
a) Panchayati Raj
b) Co-operatives
c) Community Development
d) Sarvodaya and Bhoodan Movement
e) Secularism and Democracy
256

5. Post Independence India i) Economic Planning in India

ii) Five year plan.
(First to Twelfth)
iii) Foreign policy of India

6. National Integration Necessity and History

7. Modern World i) American War of Independence.

ii) French Revolution.
iii) Industrial Revolution.
iv) Russian Revolution.

8. World During two i) First World War

(1914-1918)
World Wars ii) League of Nations.
iii) Rise of Dictatorship in Europe (Fascism and Nazism)
iv) Second World War (1939-1945)

9. United Nations i) Charter of UNO.

ii) Principal Organs.
iii) Flag, Membership and languages.
iv) Specialized Agencies.

Std. XII
General Geography of India
B: Geography

Unit Sub Unit

1. Location Location, Dimensions and Boundaries.

2. Physiography Relief Features

3. River Systems Rivers and Lakes
4. Climate Concept of Monsoon
5. Natural Vegetation Forests

6. Mineral and Energy i) Mineral Resources

Resources ii) Energy Resources
 257

7. Industries i) Agro based

ii) Mineral based.

8. Transportation, i) Transportation and Communication

Communication and Trade ii) International Trade

9. Map Reading Topographical Sheets.

C : Defence Studies

Unit Sub Unit

2. Entry into Armed i) After std. 12th ii) After Graduation

Forces. iii) After Post Graduation and NCC ‘C’ Certificate.

3. India’s Internal Security i) Paramilitary forces & their role

ii) Entry into paramilitary forces
iii) Second line of Defence

4. Leadership i) Leadership qualities

ii) Leadership traits
iii) Officer’s like qualities.

5. Interview and Interview Interviews for Military Organisations.

techniques

6. Training Institutions for Training for Military Organisation

Civil Services
258

D: General Ability

Unit Sub Unit

1. Days observed and i) Well known days and their celebrations.
Common Abbreviations ii) Abbreviations and short forms

2. Indian Polity i) The Union Government of India

a) Legislature b) Executive
ii) The State Government
a) Legislature b) Executive
iii) The Judiciary

3. Major Inventions i) Science

and Discoveries ii) Technology
iii) Geographical Discoveries

4. National Insignia i) National Flag

ii) National Emblem
iii) National Anthem
iv) National Song
v) National Awards and Awardees
vi) Gallantry Awards.
 APPENDIX ‘A’
Higher Secondary Certificate Examination at the end of Std. XII
Pune, Mumbai, Nagpur, Aurangabad, Kolhapur, Amravati, Nasik, Latur and Kokan Divisional Boards
Subjects and Number of Papers and Practicals for the Examination
(i) in each of the two languages and Environment Education under the Compulsory Group carrying 50 marks each and
(ii) in each of the four elective subjects from the Elective Group carrying 100 marks each.
The names of the individual subjects to be taken according to the scheme are shown below alongwith the number of papers, duration
of papers and maximum marks.

Theory Practicals / Oral / Project

Maximum
Sr. Subject No.of Duration Marks No.of Duration Marks Marks
No. Papers (Hours) Practicals (Hours)

1 2 3 4 . 5 6 7 8 9

A) Compulsory Subjects
(See Note No. 1 at the end)
1. English One 3 80 --- --- 20 100

2. Modern Indian Language or Modern One 3 80 --- --- 20 100

Foreign Language or Classical Language

3. Environment Education Seminar or Journal

Assignment Project work 50 50
20 + 30
4. Health and Physical Education One 1.5 25 --- --- 25 50
258
 260
Theory Practicals / Oral / Project
Maximum
Sr. Subject No.of Duration Marks No.of Duration Marks Marks
No. Papers (Hours) Practicals (Hours)

1 2 3 4 . 5 6 7 8 9

B) Elective Subjects (Any four subjects under any one of the three streams of subjects viz. Arts, Commerce and Science-Vide
classification of subjects under the three streams attached as Appendix ‘b’)

1. Modern Indian Language

(Other than the one offered under
Compulsory Group) One 3 80 --- --- 20 100

2. Modern Foreign Language

(Other than the one offered under
Compulsory Group) One 3 80 --- --- 20 100

3. Sanskrit One 3 80 --- --- 20 100

4. Ardhamagadhi One 3 80 --- --- 20 100

5. Pali One 3 80 --- --- 20 100

6. Arabic One 3 80 --- --- 20 100

7. Persian One 3 80 --- --- 20 100

8. Avesta-Pahlavi One 3 80 --- --- 20 260 100

 Theory Practicals / Oral / Project
Maximum
Sr. Subject No.of Duration Marks No.of Duration Marks Marks
No. Papers (Hours) Practicals (Hours)

1 2 3 4 . 5 6 7 8 9

9. History One 3 80 --- --- 20 100

10. Geography One 3 80 --- --- 20 100

.
11. Mathematics & Statistics
(for Arts and Science students) One 3 80 One 1 20 100

12. Mathematics & Statistics

(for Commerce students) One 3 80 One 1 20 100

13. Geology One 3 70 One 3 30 100

14. Political Science One 3 80 --- --- 20 100

15. Child Development One 3 70 One 3 30 100

16. Textiles One 3 70 One 3 30 100

17. Sociology One 3 80 --- --- 20 100

18. Philosophy One 3 80 --- --- 20 100

260
 262
Theory Practicals / Oral / Project
Maximum
Sr. Subject No.of Duration Marks No.of Duration Marks Marks
No. Papers (Hours) Practicals (Hours)

1 2 3 4 . 5 6 7 8 9

19. Psychology One 3 80 --- --- 20 100

20. Logic One 3 80 --- --- 20 100

21. Economics One 3 80 --- --- 20 100

22. Book-keeping & Accountancy One 3 80 --- --- 20 100

23. Organisauon of Commerce & Management One 3 80 --- --- 20 100

24. Secretarial Practice One 3 80 --- --- 20 100

25. Co-operation One 3 80 --- --- 20 100

26. Physics One 3 70 One 3 30 100

27. Chemistry One 3 70 One 3 30 100

28. Biology One 3 70 One 3 30 100

29. Drawing One 3 80 One 3 20 100

262
 Theory Practicals / Oral / Project
Maximum
Sr. Subject No.of Duration Marks No.of Duration Marks Marks
No. Papers (Hours) Practicals (Hours)

1 2 3 4 . 5 6 7 8 9
30. Design and Colour --- 3 80 --- --- 20 100

31. Pictorial Composition --- 3 80 --- --- 20 100

32. History of Art & Appreciation One 3 80 --- --- 20 100

33. History & Development of Indian One 3 100 --- --- --- 100
Music

34. Vocal Light Music (Practical I) --- --- --- One 3 100 100

35. Vocal Classical Music (Practical II) --- --- --- One 3 100 100

36. Instrumental Light Musical (III) --- --- --- One 3 100 100
OR

37. Percussion One 2½ 50 One 30 min. 50 100

38. Agriculture Science and Technology One 3 70 One 3 30 100

39. Animal Science and Technology One 3 70 One 3 30 100

262
 264

Theory Practicals / Oral / Project

Maximum
Sr. Subject No.of Duration Marks No.of Duration Marks Marks
No. Papers (Hours) Practicals (Hours)

1 2 3 4 . 5 6 7 8 9

40. Defence Studies One 3 80 One 3 20 100

41. Education One 3 80 --- --- 20 100

42. Occupational Orientation

i) Stenography (English/Marathi) --- --- --- One 3 100 100
ii) Library and Information Science One 2 50 One 3 50 100

43. Information Technology

(Science, Arts & Commerce) One 2½ 80 One 3 20 100

44. General Knowledge One 2 100 --- --- --- 100

(For Military Schools only)

264
Notes :
1. Students in Standards XI and XII will have to offer
i) English - as a compulsory language and
ii) AModernlndianLanguageorAModernForeignLanguageorAClassicalLanguageorlnformationTechnology.
iii) Environment Education.
iv) Health and Physical Education (Grade Subject)
2 The cases arising out of the offering of wrong combinations of the subjects shall be decided by the State Board on the merits
of each case.
3. The students selecting Agriculture subject may offer Biology as one more fifth additional subject under optional subjects,
provided that:
i) Such students selecting Agriculture subject will be required to pass in Two Compulsory Languages, Environmental
Education and Four out of the Five elective subjects.
ii) However, the percentage of marks obtained by them will be calculated on the total marks allotted for eight subjects offered
at the Higher Secondary Certificate Examination.
4. A bonafide foreign national residing in India for a temporary period not exceeding two academic years and seeking admission
in Std XI or Std. XII shall be permitted to offer Arabic or Persian under optional group, as Modern Foreign language, under
compulsory group. Such permission shall be given after scrutiny of case on its merits by the concerned Divisional Board.
264
266

APPENDIX ‘B’
Classification of Subjects under Arts, Commerce, Science
ARTS COMMERCE SCIENCE
A) Compulsory Subjects A) Compulsory Subjects A) Compulsory Subjects
1) English 1) English 1) English

266
2) Modern Indian Language or 2) Modern Indian Language or 2) Modern Indian Language or
Modern Modern Modern
Foreign Language or Classical Foreign Language or Classical Foreign Language or Classical
Language Language Language
3) Environment Education 3) Environment Education 3) Environment Education
4) Health and Physical 4) Health and Physical 4) Health and Physical
Education Education Education
Elective Subjects
1) A Modern Indian Language Elective Subjects Elective Subjects
2) A Modern Foreign Language
3) Sanstrit 1) Mathematics and Statistics 1) Mathematics and Statistics
4) Ardhamagadhi 2) Economics 2) Geology
5) Pali 3) Geography 3) Home Management (for Standard
6) Arabic 4) Book-keeping and Accountancy XI only)
7) Persian 5) Organisation of Commerce 4) Food Science (for Standard XI
8) Avesta-Pahlavi and Management
9) History only)
6) Secretarial Practice 5) Child Development (for Standard
10) Geography
11) Mathematics and Statistics 7) Co-operation XII only).
12) Political Science 8) Occupational Orientation 6) Textile (for Std. XII only)
13) Home Management (for Standard 9) Defence Studies 7) Psychology
XI only) 10) Information Technology 8) Economics
14) Food Science (for Standard XI 11) English Literature 9) Geography
only) 10) Defence-Studies
15) Child Development (for Standard 11) Physics
XII only)
12) Chemistry
16) Textile (for Standard XII:only)
17) Sociology 13) Biology
18) Philosophy 14) Agriculture Science and
19) Logic Technology
20) Psychology 15) Animal Science and Technology
21) Economics 16) Sociology
22) Defence Studies 17) Sanskrit
23) Drawing, 18) Education
24) *Design and Colour 19) Information Technology
25) Composition 20) English literature.
26) History of Art & Appreciation
27) History and Development of
Indian Music
28) Vocal Light Music (Practical I)
29) Vocal Classical Music (Practical
II)
30) Instrumental Music (Practical III)
OR
31) Percussion
32) European Music
33) Historical Development of Indian
Classical Dance
34) Book-Keeping & Accountancy
35) Co-operation
36) Education
37) Occupational Orientation
38) Information Technology
39) English Literature