SRI VENKATESWARA UNIVERSITY

DEPARTMENT OF LAW
TIRUPATI – 517 502

ACADEMIC REGULATIONS
COURSE STRUCTURE &
DETAILED SYLLABUS (CBCS)

3YEAR-LLB(Hons)
DEGREE COURSE
(For Regular students studying in Affiliated Law Colleges, S.V.University)

CBCS-SEMESTER SYSTEM
(w.e.f. 2024 – 2025)

1
 SRI VENKATESWARA UNIVERSITY,TIRUPATI
3 YEAR LL.B (Hons) DEGREE COURSE
SEMESTER PATTERN WITH CBCS
FIRST YEAR
3 YEAR LL.B (Hons)

I SEMESTER
Revised Scheme of Instructions and Examination
(effective from the batch of students admitted from the academic year 2024-2025)

Hours per

Credits
Components Max Marks Tot
S.No Title of the Paper Week
of Study al
L T P I E
Contracts–I(General
-
1 1.1 Principles Of Law Of 5 1 6 30 70 100
Contract)
Core Law of Crimes-I
2 1.2 5 1 - 6 30 70 100
(Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita,
2023
Law of Torts and Consumer
3 1.3 5 1 - 6 30 70 100
protection Law

4 Foundat
1.4 Constitutional Law–I 5 1 - 6 30 70 100
5 ion 1.5 5 1 - 6 30 70 100
Course Family Law–I
6 1.6 Legal Methods (H.C-I) 5 1 - 6 30 70 100
Total 36 180 420 600

II SEMESTER

Hours Max Marks

S.No Components of Title of the Paper per Total
Credits

Study Week
L T P I E
Contract–II (Special
1 2.1 Contracts) 5 1 - 6 30 70 100
2 Core 2.2 Constitutional Law–II 5 1 - 6 30 70 100
3 2.3 Environmental Law 5 1 - 6 30 70 100
4 2.4 Jurisprudence 5 1 - 6 30 70 100
5 Foundation 2.5 Administrative Law 5 1 - 6 30 70 100
Course
6 2.6 Human Rights Law and 5 1 - 6 100
Practice (H.C-II) 30 70
Total 36 180 420 600

2
 SECOND YEAR
3 YEAR LL.B (Hons)
III SEMESTER

Revised Scheme of Instructions and Examination

(effective from the batch of students admitted from the academic year 2024-2025)

Hoursper

Credits
Components of MaxMarks
S. Title of the Paper Week Total
No Study
L T P I E
Property Law
(Including Transfer of
1 3.1 5 1 - 6 30 70 100
Property Act and
Easement Act)

2 3.2 Labour Law–I 5 1 - 6 30 70 100

3 Core
3.3 Company Law 5 1 - 6 30 70 100

Public International
4 3.4 5 1 - 6 30 70 100
Law
Interpretation of
5 3.5 5 1 - 6 30 70 100
Statutes (Optional-I)
Regulatory Laws
6 3.6 5 1 - 6 30 70 100
(H.C- III)
Total 36 180 420 600

IV SEMESTER

Hours per Max Marks

Credits

S. Components of Study Title of the Paper Week Total

No L T P I E
1 4.1 Labour Law–II 5 1 - 6 30 70 100

2 4.2 Family Law– II 5 1 - 6 30 70 100

3 4.3 Taxation Law 5 1 - 6 30 70 100

Intellectual Property Rights
4 4.4 Law (Optional-II) 5 1 - 6 30 70 100
Core
Land Law Including Tenure
5 4.5 and Tenancy System 5 1 - 6 30 70 100
(Optional-III)
6 4.6 Law of Insurance (H.C-IV) 5 1 - 6 30 70 100

36 180 420 600

Total

3
 THIRD YEAR
3 YEAR LL.B (Hons)
V SEMESTER
Revised Scheme of Instructions and Examination
(effective from the batch of students admitted from the academic year 2024-2025)

Hours per

Credits
Components of Max Marks
S. Title of the Paper Week Total
No Study
L T P I E

Civil Procedure Code

1 5.1 5 1 - 6 30 70 100
and Limitation Act

Law of Crimes-II
2 5.2 5 1 - 6 30 70 100
(Bharatiya Nagarik
Suraksha Sanhita,2023)
Core Bharatiya Sakshya
3 5.3 5 1 - 6 30 70 100
Adhiniyam, 2023

Private International
4 5.4 5 1 - 6 30 70 100
Law (H.C-V)

Women and criminal

5 5.5 5 1 - 6 30 70 100
law(H.C-VI)

Banking Law
6 5.6 5 1 - 6 30 70 100
(Optional-IV)

Generic Media Law with RTI

7 5.7 5 1 - 6 30 70 100
Elective Act (Optional-V)

Probation, Parole and

8 5.8 5 1 - 6 30 70 100
Prison Administration
Local Self Government
9 5.9a including Panchayat
Open Administration
5 1 - 6 30 70 100
Elective
10 5.9b White Collar Crime

Total 42 210 490 700

4
 VI SEMESTER
Componentsof Hoursper Week Max Marks

Credi
ts
S.N TitleofthePaper Total
o Study L T P I E
Practical Training I :
1 6.1 Drafting Pleading and 2 0 4 6 90 10 100
Conveyancing
Practical Training II :
2 6.2 Professional Ethics and 4 2 0 6 30 70 100
Accounting System
Practical Training III:
3 6.3 Alternative Dispute 3 0 3 6 50 50 100
Resolution
Practical Training IV :
4 Core 6.4 Moot Court Exercise and 2 0 4 6 90 10 100
Internship
Penology and
5 6.5 Victimology 5 1 - 6 30 70 100
(Optional–VI)

International Trade
6 6.6 5 1 - 6 30 70 100
Law (H.C-VII)

Bankruptcy and
7 6.7 Insolvency Laws 5 1 - 6 30 70 100
(H.C- VIII)

Total 42 350 350 700

Grand Total 3800

228

Note:-
1) Student has to choose two papers out of three papers in Generic Elective in V semester
2) Students of other discipline other than law course can choose one paper out of two in
open elective in V Semester. (To get additional credits)
3) Duration of examination for each paper in all the semesters is 3 Hours except Practical
Training – I and IV and for Practical Training - III the duration of examination is 1 ½
Hours only.
4) Allotment of Marks:
All papers carry a total of 100 Marks. Except the practical training papers I to IV
The allotment of Marks is as follows
70 Marks are allotted to the Semester End written examination
30 Marks are allotted to internal test break up of which is as follows:
First internal test - 30 marks
Secondinternaltest-30 marks

(K.SITAMANIKYAM)
Chairperson,BoSinLaw
S.V.University,Tirupati

5
I- SEMESTER
PAPER-1.1
CONTRACTS-I (GeneralPrinciplesofLawofContract)
UNIT-1. History and nature of contractual obligations-writs of debt, covenant and
account-actionsonthecaseandonassumptionist consideration-moralbasis for
contractualobligationssubjective and objective theories sanctity ofcontracts.
UNIT-2.Agreement andcontract definitions,elementsanddifferent kinds.
UNIT-3. Proposal and acceptance: Their various forms-essential elements,
communication and revocation-proposal and invitations for proposal-floating
offers-tenders-dumpingof goods.
UNIT-4. Consideration. Nudumpactum-its need, meaning, kinds, essential elements-
privity of contact and considerations-its exception adequacy of consideration
present,past andadequateconsideration,unlawfulconsiderationand itseffects
views of law commission of India on consideration-evaluation of the doctrine
of consideration
UNIT-5. Capacity to contract: Meaning-incapacity arising out of status and mentaldefect
minor’s agreements-definition of “minor”-accessories supplied to a minor-
agreements beneficial and detrimental to a minor affirmation- ratification in
cases by a person of an agreement made by him while he was a minor-
agreements and estoppels-evaluation of the law relating to minors agreements-
other illustrations of incapacity to contract.
UNIT-6.Freeconsent:Itsneedanddefinition-factorsvitiatingfree consent
6.1. Coercion-definition-factors elements-duress and coercion-various illustrations
of coercion- doctrine of economic duress-effect of coercion-evaluation of
Sec.15.
6.2. Undue influence-definition-essential elements-between which influence-
independentadvice-paradarhanashinwomen-unconscionable bargains effect of
undue influence.
6.3. Misrepresentation-definition-misrepresentation of law and of fact-their effects
and Illustrations
6.4. Fraud-definition-essential elements-suggestion-false suppressioveri-whendoes
silence amounts to fraud? Active concealment of truth-importance of intention.
6.5. Mistake-definition-kinds-fundamental error-mistake of law andof fact-their
effects-whendoes a mistake vitiate free consent and when does it not vitiate
from consent?.
UNIT-7.Legalityofobjects
7.1. Void agreements-lawfuland unlawfulconsiderationand objects Void, Voidable,
Illegal and unlawful agreements and their effects.
7.2. Unlawfulconsiderationsand objects
7.2.1. Forbiddenbylaw
7.2.2. Defeating the provisionofanylaw
7.2.3. Fraudulent
7.2.4. Injurious topersonor property
7.2.5. Immoral
7.2.6. Againstpublicpolicy
7.3. Agreementswithoutconsideration
7.3.1. Agreementswithoutconsideration

6
 7.3.2. Agreements inrestraintof marriage
7.3.3. Agreements in restraint of trade-its exceptions-sale of good will, sec.11
restrictions, under the partnership act, trade combinations exclusive
dealingagreements, restraints on employees under agreements of service.
7.3.4. Agreementsinrestraintoflegalproceedings-itsexception
7.3.5. Uncertainagreement
7.3.6. Wageringagreements-itsexceptions
UNIT-8.Dischargeofacontractanditsvarious moods:
8.1. By performance-conditions of valid tender of performance-how? By whom?
Where?When- in what manner? Performance of reciprocal promises-time
essence of contract.
8.2. Bybreach-anticipatorybreachandpresentbreach.
8.3. Impossibility of performance-specific grounds of frustration-application to
leases- theories of frustration-effect of frustration-frustration and restitution.
8.4. Byperiodoflimitation.
8.5. By agreement recession and alteration-their effect-remission and waiver of
performance extension of time-accord and satisfaction.
UNIT-9.Quasicontractsorcertainrelationsresemblingthosecreatedbycontract.

UNIT-10.Remediesincontractualrelations.
10.1. Damages-kinds-remotenessofdamagesascertainmentofdamages.
10.2. Injunction-whengrantedandwhenrefused-why?
10.3. Refundandrestitution
10.4. Specificperformance-why? When?
10.5. SpecificperformanceofcontractsunderSpecific ReliefAct1969
10.6. Recessionofcontracts
10.7. Cancellationofinstruments
10.8. Declaratorydecrees
10.9. Preventiverelive
10.10. E-Contracts

Paper1.2Law of Crimes-I (BHARATIYANYAYASANHITA,2023)

UNIT1: General

1.1 Conceptionof Crime

1.2 State’spowerto determine actsoromissionsascrimes
1.3 State’sresponsibilityto detect,controlandpunishcrime
1.4 Distinctionbetweencrimeandotherwrongs
1.5 Pre-colonialnotionsofcrimeasreflectedinHindu,Muslim, Triballaws
1.6 TheColonialreception–Macaulay’sdraftbasedessentially
British notions
1.7 HistoricaloutlineofCriminalLaws
1.8 ApplicabilityofBhartiyaNyayaSanhita(BNS)
1.8.1 Territorial
1.8.2 Personal
1.9 Salient featuresoftheBhartiyaNyayaSanhita(BNS)

7
 1.10 ComparativestudyofIndianPenalCodeandBhartiyaNyayaSan
hita (BNS)

UNIT2:ElementsofCriminalLiability
2.1 AuthorofCrime–naturalpersonandafitsubjectfor
punishment, companies and corporations
2.2 Mensrea-evilintention
2.3 Importanceofmensrea
2.4 Recenttrendsoffixliabilitywithoutmensreaincertainsocio-
economic offences
2.5 Anactin furtheranceofguiltyintent
2.6 AnomissionasspecificallyincludesintheCode
2.7 Injurytoanother

Unit 3:GroupLiability

3.1 Stringentprovisionincaseofcombinationofpersonsattemptingto
disturb peace
3.2 CommonIntention
3.3 Abetment
3.3.1 Instigation,aidingandconspiracy
3.3.2 Mereactofabetmentpunishable
3.3.3 AbetmentoutsideIndiaforoffenceinIndia
3.4 UnlawfulAssembly
3.4.1 BasisofLiability
3.5 CriminalConspiracy
3.6 Riotingasaspecificoffence
Unit4:StagesofCrime

4.1 Guiltyintention-mereintentionnotpunishable
4.2 Preparation
4.2.1 Preparationnotpunishable
4.2.2 Exception inrespect ofcertainoffences ofgravenatureorofpeculiar
kindsuchaspossession,counterfeitcoins,falseweightsandmeasure
4.3 Attempt
4.3.1 Attemptwhenpunishable-specificBhartiyaNyayaSanhita
(BNS) provisions
4.3.2 Testsfordeterminingwhatconstitutesattemptproximityequivocally
and social danger
4.3.3 Impossibleattempt

Unit 5:Factorsnegativingguiltyintention

5.1 Mentalincapacity
5.1.1 Minority
5.1.2 Insanity-impairmentofcognitivefacilities,emotionalimbalance

8
 5.1.3 Medicalandlegalinsanity
5.2 Intoxication-involuntary
5.3 Privatedefense-justificationandlimits
5.3.1 Whenprivatedefenseextendstocausingofdeathprotectionbody and
property
5.4 Necessity
5.5 MistakeofFact

Unit6:TypesofPunishment

6.1 Death
6.1.1 Socialrelevanceofcapitalpunishment
6.1.2 Alternativeto capitalpunishment
6.2 Importanceforlife,withhardlabour,simple imprisonment
6.3 Forfeitureofproperty
6.4 Fine
6.5 Discretioninawarding punishment
6.6 Minimumpunishmentinrespectofcertainoffences

Unit7:Specificoffencesagainsthumanbody

7.1 Causingdeathofhuman beings

7.1.1 Culpablehomicide
7.1.2 Murder
7.1.3 Distinctionbetweenculpablehomicideand murder
7.2 Specificmentalelementrequirementinrespectofmurder
7.3 Situationjustifyingtreatingmurderasculpablehomicidenot
amounting to murder
7.3.1 Graveandsuddenprovocation
7.3.2 Exceedingrighttoprivatedefense
7.3.3 Publicservantexceedinglegitimateuseofforce
7.3.4 Deathinsudden fight
7.3.5 Deathcaused byconsentofthedeceased -Euthanasia
7.3.6 Deathcausedbypersonotherthantheperson intended
7.3.7 Miscarriagewithorwithoutconsent
7.4 Rashandnegligentactcausingdeath
7.5 Hurt-grievousand simple
7.6 Assaultandcriminalforce
7.7 Wrongfulrestraintandwrongfulconfinements-kidnappingfrom
lawful guardianship and from outside India
7.8 Abduction
7.9 Terroristact(section113)

Unit8:Offencesagainstwomen
8.1 Insultingthemodestyofawoman

9
 8.2 Assaultorcriminalforcewith intenttooutragethemodestyofa woman
8.3 Causingmiscarriagewithoutwoman’sconsent
8.4 Causingdeathbycausingmiscarriagewithoutwoman’sconsent
8.5 Kidnappingorabductingwomantocompelhertomarryorforce her
to illicit Intercourse
8.6 Buyingaminor forpurposesofprostitution
8.7 Crueltybyhusbandorrelativesofthehusband
8.8 Rape
8.9 Custodialrape
8.10 Maritalrape
8.11 Crueltybyhusbandorrelativesofthehusband
8.12 Falsepromiseofmarriage(section69)
8.13 Commonlawremediestoprotectagainstobscene/indecent
depiction of woman

Unit9:Offencesagainst property

9.1 Theft
9.2 Cheating
9.3 Snatching
9.4 Extortion
9.5 : RobberyandDacoity
9.6 : Mischief
9.7 : Criminalmisrepresentationandcriminalbreachoftrust
9.8 : CriminalTrespass
9.9 : Forgery
Unit10:Offencesbyorrelating topublic servants
10.1 Publicservanttakinggratificationofotherthanlegalremuneration
10.2 Publicservantinducedbyillegalorcorruptmeanstodoornottodo an act
10.3 Publicservantobtainingvaluablethingwithoutconsideration
connection with official functions
10.4 Publicservantframingincorrectdocumentwithoutintenttocauseinjury
10.5 Unlawfulbuyingorbiddingbypublic servant
10.6 Speciallegislationsdealingwithpreventionofcorruption,
prevention of corruption Act, objective and scope
10.7 Falseevidenceandoffencesagainstpublicjustice
Unit 11:OffencesagainsttheState

11.1 Waging attempting conspiring to wage or collecting the

ammunitionto wagewaragainsttheGovernmentofIndia
11.2 AssaultingPresidentorGovernorofaStatewithanintentto
compel or restrain the exercise of any lawful power
11.3 War against a power at peace withthe Government of
Indiaarecommittingdepredationsontheterritoriesof

10
 suchpowers
11.4 Permittingoraidingornegligentlysufferingtheescapeoforrescuing of
harboring, a state of prisoner

Unit12:Defamation
12.1 Defamation(section356)
12.2 Punishmentfordefamation
12.3 Printingor engravingmatterknowntobedefamatory
12.4 Saleofprintedorengraved substancecontaining defamatorymatter

SUGGESTEDREADINGS

1. BharatiyaNyayaSanhita, 2023,LawandpracticebyProf.VageshwariDeswal&
Adv. SaurabhKansal (Taxmann’s publication).
2. BharatiyaNyayaSanhita,2023(BareAct)
3. Commentaryon“BharatiyaNyayaSanhita,2023” byK.Sudhakar,
Superintendent of Police (Rtd) published by Asia Law House
4. TheBharatiyaNyayaSanhita,2023byVarunSoni,IRS(Lawman’s Publication)
5. MasterGuidetonewCriminalLawsbyC.HMalkalRao, Deputy
Commissioner of Police (Rtd) published by Asia Law House.
6. Taxmann’sBookonNewCriminalLaw
7. RatanLalandDhirajLal: IndianPenalCode,Wadhwa&Co. Nagpur
8. AchutanPillai,CriminalLaws,ButterworthCo.
9. Kenny’soutlinesofCriminalLaw

PAPER-1.3
LAWOFTORTSANDCONSUMERPROTECTIONLAWS
Unit-1. Evolutionoflawoftorts
1.1. ItsdevelopmentbycourtsinEngland.
1.2. Forms ofAction.
1.3. Emergenceofspecificremediesfromcasetocase.
1.4. ReceptionofLawofTortsin India.
1.5. PrinciplesofEquityJusticeandgoodconscience
1.6. Definition,nature,scopeandobjects
1.7. A Wrongful act violation of a duty (in rem) imposed by law, duty which is
ownedtopeoplegenerally,Legaldamages-damnumsineinjuriaandinjuriasine
damno
1.8. Tort distinguished fromcrime,breachofcontract –TheconceptofUnliquidated
damages-changing scope of Law of Torts: Expanding character-duites owned to
people generally due to complexities of modern society, scientific and
technological progress, industrialization, organization, specialization,
occupational hazards-objects-prescribing standards of human conduct, redressal
wrongs by payment of compensation, prescribing unlawful conduct by
injunctions.
Unit-2. Principlesofliability intorts:
2.1. Fault
2.2. Wrongfulintent

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 2.3. Negligence
2.4. Liabilitywithoutfault
2.5. ViolationofEthical codes
2.6. Statutoryliability
2.7. FatalAccidentsAct-RailwayAct-Workmen’scompensationAct-Motorvehicles
Act-Carrier Acts-Insurance Laws.
2.8. Placeofmotiveintorts.
2.9. Extinguishmentsofliabilityincertainsituations:
2.10. Death,Actiopersonalismortiumcumpersona-Exceptions-Lawreform
(Miscellaneous Provisions) Act, 1934.
2.11. WaiverandAcquie
Unit-3. Justification intort:
3.1. Volenti non fit injuria-What is free consent? Informed consent, mere knowledge
and knowledge coupled with assumption of risk.
3.2. Necessity,PrivateandPublic.
3.3. Plaintiff’sdefault
3.4. ActofgoodandInevitableAccident
3.5. Privatedefense
3.6. StatutoryAuthorisation
3.7. JudicialandQuasi-JudicialActs
3.8. ParentalandQuasiParentalAuthority
Unit-4. Doctrineofsovereign immunityanditsrelevanceinIndia
4.1. Liabilityofstate-sovereignand non-sovereignfunctions,CroenproceedingsAct of
U.K Federal Tort Claims Act of U.S.A.
4.2. ConstitutionofIndia(Arts294 and300)
4.3. Actofstate
Unit-5. Vicariousliability:
5.1. Basis,ScopeandJustification
5.2. ExpressAuthorization
5.3. Ratification
5.4. Abetment
5.5. SpecialRelationships
5.6. Master and servant-arising out of and in the course of employment who is
master?Controltestwhoisservant,borrowedservantindependentcontractor?.
5.7. PrincipalandAgent
5.8. CorporationandPrincipalOfficer
Unit-6. Tortsagainstpersonsandpersonal relations:
6.1. Assault,Battery,Mayhem
6.2. False Imprisonment
6.3. Defamation-Libel,slanderincludinglawrelatingtoprivileges
6.4. MaritalRelations,DomesticRelations,ParentalRelations,MasterandServant
Relations.
6.5. Maliciousprosecution
6.6. ShortenedExpectationoflife.
6.7. Nervousshock.
6.8. Defenses.
6.9. Trespasstoland,Trespassabinitio,dispossession
6.10. Movableproperty-Trespasstogoods,Detinue, Conversion
6.11. TortsagainstBusinessinterests-InjuriousFalsehood,Misstatementspassing
off.

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Unit-7. Absolute/strictliability:
7.1. Basicconcepts
7.2. TheoriesofNegligence
7.3. Standardsofcare,Dutyto takecare,carelessnessinadvertence
7.4. Doctrineofcontributive Negligence.
7.5. Resipsaliquitorand itsduetoNegligencewithspecialreferenceto consumer
protection law.
7.6. Professionalliabilitydueto Negligencewithspecialreferencetoconsumer
protection law.
7.7. TheruleinRylandv.Fletcher. Principleforapplicationoftheserules.
7.8. Storing ofdangerousthings.
7.9. Escapeofdangerousthings-applicationofprinciples inconcretecasesofdamage
arising out of industrial activity. (The Bhopal Disaster, Oelum, Gas Escape,
Machua Dam Burst, M.C. Mehta sace, Nuclear Installations and their hazards).
7.10. LiabilityunderMotorVehicle Act, RailwayActetc.
Unit-8. Nuisance
8.1. Definition,Essentials,Types
8.2. Actswhichconstitutenuisance-obstructionsofhighways, pollutionofair, water,
noise, interference with light and air.
Unit-9. LegalRemedies:
9.1. Legalremedies
9.2. Awardofdamages-simple,special,punitive
9.3. Remotenessofdamages-foreseabilityand directnesstests
9.4. Injunction
9.5. Specificrestitutionofproperty
9.6. Extra-legalremedies-selfhelp, re-entryinland, re-captureofgoods,distress
damage feasant abetment to nuisance
9.7. Judicial process in Tort-Dilatoriness-Complicated rules of procedures and
evidence- Expertsintrialprocess, reportsoftestinglabs-Courtfees, problemsof
access
Unit-10.CommonLaw andthe Consumer:
10.1. Dutytotakecareand liabilityfornegligence:Manufacturersandtradersand
providers of services such as lawyers, doctors and other professionals
10.2. Caveatemptorand Caveat Venditor
10.3. Deceitandfalseadvertisement
10.4. Liabilityforhazardousandinherentlydangerousindustrialactivity.
10.5. Productliability-EECdirectives
10.6. Rightto commonpropertyresources-rightto passand repassonpathways
10.7. ConsumerProtectionAct, 1986.

PAPER – 1.4
CONSTITUTIONALLAW-I

Unit-1.Preamble-Federalism-Secularism-Socialjustice-Interpretationofpreamble
Unit-2.The Union and its territory: Name and territory of the union-Admission or
Establishment ofnewStates–Formationofanew State-Alterationofareasor
boundaries- Names of the existing states
Unit-3.Citizenship:Right ofcitizenshipofpersons migratedfromPakistan, and
persons of Indian origin residing outside of India, voluntary acquiring

13
 citizenshipofforeignstatenottobecitizenscontinuanceoftherightsof
citizenship, citizenship act.
Unit-4.Meaningandscopeofstate underArticle12ofConstitutionofIndia
4.1. LocalAuthority– Municipalities, District Boards,PanchayatsImprovement
TrustandMiningsettlement Boards,BodyofPortCommissionersunderthe
control or management of a municipal or local fund.
4.2. OtherAuthorities–Powerto makelaws,byelaws,rules,ordersorregulations, are
called ‘Other authorities’ within the meaning of Article 12.
4.3. StateinthelightofFundamentalrights.
Unit-5.FundamentalRights - Definition – Laws inconsistent with or in derogation of the
fundamental rights- The Right to equality, equality of opportunity-
Prohibitionofdiscriminationongroundsofreligion, racecaste, sexor placeof birth.
Unit-6.Rightto Freedoms
6.1. FreedomofSpeechandExpression.
6.2. FreedomofthePress.
6.3. FreedomofSpeechandContemptofCourt.
6.4. FreedomofAssembly.
6.5. FreedomofAssociation.
6.6. FreedomofMovement.
6.7. FreedomofResideandSettle.
6.8. FreedomofProfession/Business,etc.,
6.9. PropertyandSocialControl1950to1978.
6.10. Propertyand SocialControl-After1978.
Unit-7.Rightagainst exploitation
7.1. Prohibitionoftrafficinhumanbeingsandforcedlabour
7.2. Prohibitionofemploymentofchildreninfactoriesetc
7.3. Protectionof interestsof minorities
7.4. Rightofminoritiestoestablishandadministereducationalinstitutions.
Unit-8.Personalliberty:
8.1. PersonalLiberty-meaningandscope
8.2. Rightsagainstselfincrimination
8.3. RightsagainstRetroactivePunishment
8.4. Rightsofanaccused-Doublejeopardy
Unit-9.ConstitutionalRemedies
9.1. Enforcementoffundamentalrights
9.2. Powerofparliament tomodifytherightstheconferredbythispartintheir
application to forces e.t.c
Unit-10. FundamentalrightsandDirective Principles:
10.1. DirectivePrinciples-Reasonsfor incorporation.
10.2. DirectivePrinciples-Directionsofsocialchange-Anewsocialorder.
10.3. FundamentalRightsanddirectivePrinciples-Interrelationship-Judicial
balancing.
10.4. ConstitutionalAmendments-Arts.31-A,31-Band31-Cto strengthenDirective
Principle
10.5. JudicialPolicytowardsdirectivePrinciplesFundamentalDutiesArt51-A

14
 PAPER –
1.
5FAMILYLAW-
I
Unit-1.Marriageand Kinship
1.1. Evolutionoftheinstitutionofmarriagesandfamily
1.2. Roleofreligion,ritualsandpracticesinmouldingtherulesregulating marital
relations
1.3. Typesoffamilybasedupon;lineage-patrilineals, matrilineal,authority,structure
patriarchal and martriarchal, location-patrilocal and matrilocal and number of
conjugal units nuclear extended, joint and composite.
1.4. Applicabilityoflaw
1.4.1. WhoisaHindu?
1.4.1.1. WhoissMuslim?
1.4.1.2. WhoisaChristian?
1.4.2. SourcesofHindulaw,MuslimlawandChristianlaw
Unit-2.Customary practicesand theState
2.1. Polygamy
2.2. Concubinage
2.3. Child marriage
2.4. Sati
2.5. Dowry
2.6. Stateinterventionthroughvariouslegal measures
Unit-3.Conversionand itseffecton family
3.1. Marriage
3.2. Adoption
3.3. Guardianship
3.4. Succession
Unit-4.MatrimonialRemedies
4.1. Non-judicialresolutionofmaritalconflictproblems
4.1.1. Customarydissolutionofmarriage-unilateraldivorce, divorcebymutual
consent and other modes of dissolution
4.1.2. DivorceunderMuslimpersonallaw-TalaqandTalaq-e-tafweez
4.2. Judicial resolution of marital conflict problemsA general perspective of
matrimonialfault theoryandprinciplesofirretrievablebreakdownofmarriage
4.3. Nullityofmarriage
4.4. Optionofpuberty
4.5. Restitutionofconjugalrights
4.6. Judicialseparation
4.7. Desertion-agroundformatrimonialrelief
4.8. Cruelty-agroundformatrimonialrelief
4.9. Adultery-agroundformatrimonialrelief
4.10. Othergroundsformatrimonialrelief
4.11. Divorcebymutualconsent underSpecialMarriageAct,1954,HinduMarriage Act,
1955 and Muslim law(Khula and Mubaraat)
4.12. Barstomatrimonialrelief
4.12.1. Doctrineofstrictproof
4.12.2. Takingadvantageofone’sownwrong and disability
4.12.3. Accessory
15
4.12.4. Connivance

16
 4.12.5. Collusion
4.12.6. Condonation
4.12.7. Improperorunnecessarydelay
4.12.8. Residuaryclause-nootherlegalgroundexistsforrefusingthe
matrimonial relief
Unit-5.Alimonyandmaintenance
5.1. Maintenance of neglected wives, divorced wives, minor children, disabled
childrenandparentswho areunabletosupportthemselvesundertheCodeof
Criminal Procedure, 1973
5.2. Alimonyandmaintenanceasanindependent remedy-areviewunderdifferent
personal laws
5.3. Alimonyandmaintenanceasancillaryrelief,alimony,pendentiliteand
permanent maintenance
5.4. MaintenanceofdivorcedMuslimwomenunderTheMuslimWomen(Protection of
Rights on divorce) Act, 1996-a critical review
Unit-6.ChildandtheFamily
6.1. Legitimacy
6.2. Adoption
6.3. Custody, maintenanceandeducation
6.4. Guardianship
Unit-7.Familyanditschangingpatterns
7.1. Newemergingtrends
7.1.1. Attenuationoffamily ties
7.1.2. Workingwomenandtheir impactonspousalrelationship, compositionof
family,statusandroleofwomenanddecisionmakingauthoritystructure.
7.2. Factorsaffectingthefamily-demographic,environmental,religious,legislative
7.3. ProcessofsocialchangeinIndia-Sanskritisation,Westernization,secularization,
universalisation,partiarchilisationand modernizationincluding industrialization
and urbanization
Unit-8.Establishment of Family court
Unit-9.SecuringofaUniformCivilCode
9.1. Religiouspluralismandits implication
9.2. Connotationsofthedirectivecontained inArticle 44oftheIndianConstitution
Impediments to the formulation of the Uniform Civil Code

Paper–1.6
LEGALMETHODS(H.C– I)
OBJECTIVESOFTHECOURSE
The subject aims to impart the fundamentalaspects of law.It further provides the basis
fordevelopinganalyticalskills.Inparwith therequirementsofprovisionalcompetence, the
course adapts to methods of learning law.The beginners in law will be adequately
supplemented by tools of understanding on Statutes, Judgments and that of basic
research.
Unit-1.INTRODUCTIONTOLAWANDLEGAL SYSTEM
What is Law? – Law in relation to concepts of justice, morality, State, citizens,
society and the globe – Theories of law – Schools of thought on the nature,
function, sources and role of law – Custom and law – Introduction to different
legalsystemsoftheWorld –Commonlawsystem–Civillawsystem–Roleand

17
 functionsofthe legalinstitutionsinsuchdiversesystems –GlobalAdministrative Law
– Global Rule of law.
Unit-2.INDIANLEGALSYSTEM
Overview of the Indian legal system and legal institutions – Role of the
Constitution–Processoflegislation–Delegated legislation–Ordinances–Rules –
Regulations – Orders – Notifications – Bye laws – Customs having the forceof
law – Constitutional conventions – Access to Statutes and Bills – Techniques of
reading and analyzing the statutes, Rules and Regulations.
Unit-3.JUDICIALPROCESS
Hierarchyofcourts–Judicialreview–Staredecisis–Precedent –Lawdeclared by the
Supreme Court – Complete justice – quasi – Judicial authorities – Techniques of
reading and analyzing judicial decisions – General Principles of Statutory
Interpretation – Comparative judicial process – Binding nature of foreign
decisions – Legal and logical reasoning.
Unit-4.LEGAL RESEARCH
ConceptofResearch–Objectives–TypesofResearch–SocialScience Research –
Legal Research.
Unit-5.SOCIO-LEGALRESEARCH
Methodology– Identification ofthe research problem – Framing ofhypothesis –
research questions – Data Collection – Legal material, Statutes, Subordinate
Legislation, Notifications, Policy statements – Decisional materials, Foreign
Judgments, Legaldatabases, ReportsofCommissions&Committees –Statistical
and Legal analysis of data – Interpretation and implication of data – Hypothesis
testing – Report Writing.

BooksforReference:
1. WilliamJ.Goodeand PaulK.Hatt–MethodsinsocialResearch.
2. AdamPodgorecki– Law andSociety.
3. OaulOliver–WritingYour Thesis.
4. Prof.TusharKartiSaha–LegalMethods,Systems, Research.
5. S.K.VermaandAfzalWani(Editors)–LegalResearchand Methodology.

18
II- SEMESTER
PAPER-2.1
CONTRACTS-II(SpecialContracts)
Unit-1. Indemnityandguarantee:
1.1. Indemnityand guarantee(Sec.134,127)IndianContract Act1872
1.2. Contractofindemnity
A. Definition
B. Rightsofindemnityholder
C. Liabilityof indemnifier.
1.3. Contractofguarantee
A. Definition
B. Essentialcharacteristics ofcontractofguarantee
C. Distinctionbetweencontractofindemnityand contractofguarantee
D. Kindsofguarantee
E. Rightsandliabilitiesofsurety
F. Dischargeofsurety
G. ContractofBailmentand (Sec.148-181ofIndianContractAct 1872).
Unit-2. Bailment
2.1. Definition
2.2. Essentialrequisites ofbailment
2.3. Kindsofbailment
2.4. Rightsanddutiesofbailorandbailee
2.5. Terminationof bailment
2.6. Pledge
A. Definition
B. Rightsanddutiesofpawnorand pawnee
C. PledgebyNonOwners.
Unit-3. ContractofAgency(Sec.182-238 oftheIndianContract Act1872)
3.1. Definitionofagent
3.2. Creationofagency
3.3. Rightsand Dutiesofagent
3.4. Delegationofauthority
3.5. Personalliabilityofagent
3.6. Relationsofprincipalwiththirdparties
3.7. Terminationofagency.
Unit-4. Contractofsaleofgoods(The IndianSale ofGoodsAct1930).
4.1. FormationofContract
4.2. SubjectmatterofContractofSale
4.3. Conditionsand Warrantees
4.4. ExpressandImpliedconditionsandWarranties
4.5. Caveat Emptor
4.6. Property,PossessionandRisk
4.7. Passing ofProperty
4.8. Saleofnon-owners
4.9. Deliveryof goods
4.10. Rightsanddutiesofseller andbuyerbeforeandafter sale.
4.11. Rightsofunpaid seller.
Unit-5. Contractsofpartnership(TheIndianPartnershipAct,1932).

19
 5.1. DefinitionandnatureofPartnership
5.2. FormationofPartnership
5.3. TestofPartnership
5.4. Partnershipandother Associations
5.5. RegistrationofFirms
5.6. Effectofnon-registration
5.7. RelationofPartners
5.8. Rightsand DutiesofPartners
5.9. Propertiesofthe Firm
5.10. RelationofPartnerstothirdparties
5.11. Impliedauthorityofapartner
5.12. KindsofPartners
5.13. Minor asPartners
5.14. ReconstitutionofaFirm
5.15. Dissolutionoffirm.
Unit-6.NegotiableInstrumentsAct,1881

PAPER-
2.2CONSTITUTIONALLAW-II
Unit-1.Federalism:
1.1. Federalism-Principles-ComparativestudyofotherFederations.WhyIndiahasa
Federal Government.
1.2. IndianFederalism-President ofIndia-Councilofstate-ProcessofConstitutional
Amendment. Identification of Federal features.
1.3. LegislativerelationsbetweentheCentreandthe State
1.4. AdministrativeRelations-CentreStates.
1.5. FinancialRelations-centre-states
1.6. Governor’spositionfromthePerspective ofFederalism.
1.7. Centre’sPowersovertheStates-Art.356.
1.8. J&K-Specialstatus.
1.9. Critical problems of Indian Federalism. Sarkaria Commission-Greater
Autonomyv.CentralControl.Onepartydomination.EmergenceofPolitical
Federalism. Growth of Regional Parties.
Unit-2. Parliamentarygovernment:
2.1. WestMinisterModel-Indianexperiencebeforeindependence-Choiceof
Parliamentary Government
2.2. PresidentofIndia-Election,Qualifications,Impeachment,salary
2.3. CouncilofMinisters-President’sconstitutionalposition.
2.4. GovernorandStateGovernment-ConstitutionalRelationship
2.5. LegislativeProcess-Privileges,freedomofspeech.Practiceoflawmaking etc.,
2.6. LegislativePrivilegesv.FundamentalRights.Inre.Art.143oftheConstitution of
India.
2.7. PrimeMinister-CabinetSystem-CollectiveresponsibilityIndividual
responsibility. President-Prime minister relation ship.
2.8. Partysystem-Anti–defectionlaw.FreedomofanA.P./M.L.Atodissent.
Unit-3. Constitutionalprocessofadaptationandalteration:

20
 3.1. Methods of Constitutional Amendments-Written-Unwritten, Regid-Flexible
Constitutions.Provisionswhichcanbeamended byordinaryprocedure,special
procedure, Review of Constitutional Amendments.
3.2. LimitationsuponConstitutionalamendmentsShankariPrasad, SajjariSingh.
3.3. Golaknathv.Punjab-Whyshould federalRightsbe immune fromtheprocessof
Constitutional Amendment.
3.4. Basicstructuredoctrineasalimitation- KesavanandBharathi.
3.5. Development oftheBasicStructureDoctrine.Constituent PoweroftheSupreme
Court. VamanRao v. Minerva Mills.
3.6. IndiraGandhiv.RajNarain;JudicialConsensus onBasic StructureDoctrine.
3.7. Legislative and Judicial Attempts to bury the Basic Structure Doctrine;
LegitimationoftheBasicStructureDoctrine.SpecialBenchtoReconsiderthe
Basic Structure Issue. Forty- second Constitutional Amendment. Forty fourth
Constitutional Amendment.
3.8. MinervaMillsandsubsequent developmentsoftheBasicStructureDoctrine.
Responsibility ofthe Court; Activism v. Restraint.
Unit-4. Emergency:
4.1. Emergency-needforsuchaprovision.TypesofEmergencies,Experiencein
other democracies.
4.2. Proclamationofemergency-conditions-Art. 352-EffectofEmergencyonCentre-
State Relations.
4.3. EmergencyandsuspensionofFundamentalRightsArts. 358, 359-
MakhanSinghTarasikha to A.D.M. Jabalpore.
4.4. Financialemergency.
Unit-5. Servicesunderthe constitution.
5.1. DoctrineofPleasure(Art.310)
5.2. Protectionagainst ArbitraryDismissal,RemovalorReductioninRank(Art.
311)
5.3. TulsiramPatel-ExceptionstoArt.311.
Unit-6. Judicialprocessundertheconstitution.
6.1. JudicialReview-Art.32,226,227.
6.2. NatureofJudicialReview.
6.3. CourtsysteminIndia:Backlogs,Arrears,Alternatives,LokAdalats,etc.,
6.4. Judges,Appointments,Conditionsofserviceetc.,
6.5. Subordinate Judiciary.
6.6. JurisdictionofSupremeCourtandHighcourt.
6.7. AdvisoryJurisdictionofthe Supreme Court.
6.8. PublicinterestLitigation.
SUGGESTEDREADINGS
1. Basu.D.D -CommentaryontheConstitutionofIndia.
2. Hidayatullah.M(Ed) -ConstitutionalLawofIndia
3. Seervai.H.M-ConstitutionofIndia.
4. Austin.G–IndianConstitutionAcornerstone ofaNation.
5. Banerjee.A.C –ConstitutionalHistoryofIndia.
6. Khanna.H.R–MakingofIndia’sConstitution
7. ShivaRao.B–FramingofIndia’sConstitution.
8. Jain.M.P–IndianConstitutionalLaw.
RelevantvolumesoftheAnnualsurveypublishedbyIndianInstitute.

21
 PAPER-
2.
3ENVIRONMENTALLA
W
(IncludingWildLifeProtectionAct)
Unit-1. Themeaningofenvironmentandpollution:
1.1. Definition, as defined in the Environment Protection Act: 1986 Sec. 2(a);
“Pollution” asdefined in the same Act, Sec 2(a), (b), (c), (d), (e); and in the
water(PreventionandControlofPollution)Act,1974.“Forests”,asdefined in
theIndianForestAct,1927,andtheForest conservationAct,1980.theintended
meaning of environment in Constitution, Articles 15(2) (b), 24, 39 (a), (b), (c),
(e), (f), 47, 48 A, 49.
1.2. CausativefactorsofPollution.
Unit-2. Subject matterofenvironmentallaws:
Unit-3. Typesandfunctionsofenvironmental laws
3.1. PrimaryProtective Laws
3.1.1. Forhuman-beings:Lawspertainingto:(a)Water(b)Air,(c)Noise,(d)
Nuclear radiation, (e) Toxic substances.
3.1.2. Fornonhuman-beings:Lawspertainingto(a)Wildlife(b)Marinelife,
(c)Forests,(d)Minor-forests,e)restrictionsontrade.
3.2. Primaryplanninglaws
3.2.1. For production :: Laws pertaining to : (a) Land use (b) Irrigation, (c)
Industries,(d)Mining,(e)Grazing-land,(f)Catchmentsareas,(g)Wet land,
(h) Estuaries.
3.2.2. For distribution :: Laws pertaining to : (a) Land ceiling (b) Town
planning/zoning,(c)Slums,(d)Housing,(e)Recreationalareas,(f)Parks,
(g)Sanctuaries,(h)Biospheres.
Unit-4. Secondarylaws:
4.1. Pertaining to the administration and functioning of Pollution Control Boards;
Water-Boards;theFactoriesActs,ForestAct LandReformandDevelopment Acts,
industries Act, etc.,
4.2. LawsrelatingtotheadministrationwithintheMinistryofEnvironment and
forest.
4.3. Laws relating to the collection, dissemination and publication of data by the
Boards of Ministry, concerning. : a) Hazardous material, b) Endangering
industries,c)Levelsofpollution;andd)Typesofsafetymeasuresavailableand
implemented.
4.4. Lawsrelatingtotheroleofthelower courts(includingtheForest Courts).
Unit-5. Tertiarylaws:
5.1. Constitutional provisions concerning inter-state relations that concern
acquisition,regulationanddistributionnaturalresources,(Water,Forests,Mines, Oil)
(with special emphasis on Art. 14, 19, 31-A, 31-B, 31-C, 39(b)&(c); Union list;
6, 52, 56, 57. State list: 17, 18, 21, 23. Concurrent List: 17, 17-A, 17-B, 18,
20,and Ninth Schedule.
5.2. Constitutionalprovisions: TheConstitutionofIndiaArt.14,15,2(b),19(e),21,
31-c, 32,38,39,32,37,48-A, 49,51,51-A(g).
Unit-6. Internationalparametersofenvironment:
6.1. StockholmDeclarationanditsimpact.

22
6.2. Rio Summit
6.3. UnitedNationsEnvironmentalProgramme(UNEP).

23
 6.4. Stateresponsibilityfor environmentalpollution
6.5. NorthSouth Perspective.
Unit-7. Legalstrategiesregulation
7.1. Deterrencethroughcriminalliability,strict liability,AbsoluteLiabilityand
Vicarious liability.
7.2. Principlesofcalculatingpenaltiesandeconomicsanctionsagainstoffenders.
7.3. Principlesandmethodsofstandardization
7.4. Managerial
7.4.1. Principles oftortuous liability
7.4.2. Estoppel
7.4.3. Strategiesofincentives,throughnon-taxation,deductionsetc.,
7.4.4. Methodsofrecoverythroughinsurances,sureties,bonds etc.,
7.5. Environmentalcourts/Tribunals
Unit-8. Rightsin common law:
8.1. Basisofoccupancy,usufruct andgrouporcollectiverightsofindigenous
communitiesin national and international laws.
Unit-9. Naturalrightstheoriesanditsadvocacyinenvironmentrelatedissues:
9.1. Rightto life.
9.2. Rightto livelihood
9.3. Rightto reside
9.4. Rightto development
9.5. The rightsoffuturegenerations
Unit-10.Multinationalcorporateliabilities:
Inthelegalresponsibilitiesofmultinationalfundingagencies.
Judicialactivismandenvironment:

PAPER-
2.
4JURISPRUDENC
E
Unit-1. NeedtostudyJurisprudence;Itsrelationshipwithpolitical;powerstructuresand just
society.
Unit-2.Whatis a Concept?
2.1. Concept;Ideasand Notions
2.2. What isTheory?Differencebetweentheory;hypothesis;conjecture;and
opinions .
Unit-3.Whatis aNorm?
3.1. Differencebetweenmaxims,rules,principlesandcustomaryrules
3.2. DifferencesbetweenPrimaryRulesandSecondaryRules.
3.3. WhatisaNormativeSystem
Unit-4. ConceptofLaw;Itsdifferencewithlawsofnaturalscience, socialsciences, statistics,
history
4.1. Lawsonobligation
Unit-5.Why are Laws obligatory?
5.1. Defineanddiscussthefollowinglegalconcepts:liability,obligation,sanction,
coercion,compulsion, duty, estoppel, promise, Dharma with case material
5.2. ContractarianTheories: General-will theories and Free-will theories and
AutonomoustheoriesparticularlyPositivist theoriesconnecteddevelopment of
24
 Austinonwards:ReferencetoDworkin;Rawlsand Marxiantermsofthe
Doctrine ofwithering away ofstate, including TranscendentalTheories.
5.3. Whom does the law obligate?Personality; people; state-with particular
referencetoDirectivePrinciplesofStatePolicy;locusstandi,RandhirSingh,
Golaknath and other relevantcases.
Unit-6.TheoriesofAuthority
6.1. Typesofauthority;legislative,judicialandcustomary-theirbindingnature.
6.2. Bindingness with regard to Precedent.Determination of ratio and methods of
Wanbaugh,Salmond,GoodHart,Simpson’sapproachinJacob’scase.Alsothe
studying factors of Ilewlyn (information to be provided that there is no
distinction between making and declaring, basing onGestault psychology. (Ref:
Peter Brett)
Unit-7.LimitsonLegislativeAuthority
7.1. Positivist viewthattherearenolimits.DiscusswithreferencetoAustin, Kelsen,
Golaknathand D.C Wadhwa’scase.
7.2. NaturalLaw viewthatthelimitsaredefined byprinciplesofmoralityornatural
justice; the legislation, from whatever source, must be in accordance with such
principles. Discuss with reference to Aquinas, Finnis.
7.3. TheRationalistsviewthatthelimitsareset byrationalprinciplesofjustice
Discuss with reference to Kant, Rawls.
7.4. TheBasicStructureDoctrine-thatthe limitsareset bytheBasicStructureofthe
Constitution or the law itself; any legislation contrary to the basic structure is
non-law (ref: KesavanandaBharathi’scase)
7.5. Defineanddiscussthebasic legalConcept ofReasonablenesswithreferenceto
Indian cases.
StateofMadrasv.V.G.Row(1952SC 196).
DwarakaPrasadLaxmiNarayanv.StateofU.P(AIR1954SC224).
KrishanchandaArorav. CommissionerofPolice(19613SCR135.
HardhanShahv.StateofWestBengal(19753SCC 198).
AirIndiav.NargeshMeerza(AIR1987 SC1829).
ManekaGandhiv.UnionofIndia (19782SCR 621).
Unit-8.TheFunctions ofLaw
8.1. Lawasthe upholderofthemoralorderinthe society
8.2. ConceptofDharmaand connectionbetweenLawand Morality
8.3. Lawforbringingefficiencyandsocialstability;theutilitarianviews
8.4. The differences between the ends of a legal order, a political order and a
religiousorder.Aretheyinterchangeable?Canonereplaceanother?Issue
concerning the dialectics of law
8.5. LawasameansofSocialControl
8.6. LawasVolksgeist

PAPER-
2.5ADMINISTRATIVELAW
Unit-1.Evolution,NatureandScopeofAdministrativeLaw
1.1. From a Laissez Faire to a Social Welfare State; State as regulator of private
interest;Stateasproviderofservices;OtherfunctionsofModernState;Relief;
Welfare

25
 1.2. EvolutionofAdministrationasthefourthbranchofgovernment;Necessityfor
delegation of powers on administration
1.3. Evolutionofagenciesandproceduresforsettlementofdisputesbetween
individual and administration
1.3.1. RegulatoryAgenciesintheUnitedStates
1.3.2. Conseild’EtateofFrance
1.3.3. TribunalizationinEnglandandIndia
1.4. RelationshipbetweenConstitutionalLawandAdministrativeLawandPublic
Administration
1.5. SeparationofPowers:Towhatextentrelevanttoadministrativefunctions?
1.6. RuleofLawandAdministrativeLaw
1.7. DefinitionsofAdministrativeLaw
1.8. ScopeofAdministrative Law
1.9. Emergingtrends:Positivedutiesofadministrationunderthe modernsocial
welfare legislation and compulsions of planning
Unit-2.Bureaucracy inIndia
2.1. Natureand Organizationofcivilservice;CentralandState
2.2. It’shierarchicalcharacter;AccountabilityandResponsiveness
2.3. PowersandFunctions
2.4. Attainmentofdevelopmentalandsocialwelfaregoalsthroughbureaucracy;
Problems and perspectives
2.5. Classcharacterand Structure
2.6. Administrative deviance; Corruption;Nepotism; Mal-administration;
Disciplinaryproceedingsand ProsecutionsunderPreventionofCorruptionAct.
Unit-3.Legislativepowersof administration
3.1. Necessityfordelegationoflegislativepower
3.2. Constitutionalityofdelegated legislation;Powersofexclusionand inclusionan
power to modify statute.
3.3. Requirementsforthevalidityofdelegatedlegislation
3.3.1. Consultationofaffectedinterestsandpublicparticipationindecision
making
3.3.2. Publicationofdelegatedlegislation
3.4. Administrativedirections;circularandpolicystatements
3.5. LegislativeControlofdelegatedlegislation
3.5.1. Layingproceduresandtheir efficacy
3.5.2. Committeesondelegatedlegislation-theirconstitution-functionand
effectiveness
3.5.3. HearingsbeforeLegislativeCommittees
3.6. JudicialControlofdelegatedlegislation-DoctrineofUltraVires
3.7. Sub-Delegationoflegislativepowers
Unit-4.Judicialpowers ofadministration
4.1. Needfordevolutionofadjudicatoryauthorityonadministration
4.2. Administrative Tribunals and other adjudicating authorities their ad hoc
character-Compareadministrationofjustice incourtwiththatofTribunals
(Ref.Robson)
4.3. NatureofTribunals;Constitution;Procedure;Rulesofevidence, etc.,with
special reference to the following:
4.3.1. CentralBoardofCustoms andExcise
4.3.2. MRTP Commission
4.3.3. ESI courts

26
 4.3.4. ServiceTribunals
4.4. JurisdictionofAdministrativeTribunalsandOtherauthorities;Distinction
betweenquasi-judicial and administrative functions and relevance of this
distinction in the light of recent decisions of the Supreme Court
4.5. TheRight toHearing;Essentialsofhearingprocess,Bias(no onecanbea judge in his
own cause); Oral Hearing, etc.,
4.6. RulesofEvidence-Noevidence;SomeevidenceandSubstantialevidencerules
4.7. RequirementsregardingReasonedDecisions.
4.8. TheRightto Counsel
4.9. InstitutionalDecisions
4.10. AdministrativeAppeals
4.11. CouncilonTribunalsandInquiries in England
4.12. USRegulatoryAgenciesandAdministrativeProceduresAct,1946
4.13. EmergingtrendsofTribunalizationinIndiaasa meanstorelievecongestionin the
courts and utilization of administrative expertise
Unit-5.JudicialControlofAdministrativeAction
5.1. Preliminary
5.1.1. Courtsasthefinalauthorityofdetermine legalityofadministrativeaction;
Problems and Perspectives
5.1.2. ExhaustionofAdministrativeRemedy
5.1.3. Standing;StandingforSocialActionLitigation
5.1.4. Laches
5.1.5. Res Judicata
5.2. GroundsofJudicialReview: Scope ofjudicialreview
5.2.1. Jurisdictionalerror/ultra vires
5.2.2. Abuseandnonexerciseofjurisdiction
5.2.3. Errorapparentontheface ofthe record
5.2.4. ViolationofPrinciples ofNaturalJustice
5.2.5. Primary jurisdiction
5.2.6. Absenceofripeness
5.2.7. PoliticalQuestion
5.2.8. DoctrineofLegitimateExpectation
5.3. MethodsofJudicial Review
5.3.1. StatutoryAppeals
5.3.2. Mandamus
5.3.3. Certiorari
5.3.4. Prohibition
5.3.5. Quo-warranto
5.3.6. Habeas corpus
5.3.7. DeclaratoryJudgmentandInjunctions
5.3.8. SpecificPerformanceandcivilsuits forcompensation
5.3.9. Fact-findingCommissions
Unit-6.AdministrativeDiscretion
6.1. Needforadministrativediscretion
6.2. AdministrativediscretionandRuleofLaw
6.3. Malafideexerciseofdiscretion
6.4. Constitutionalimperativesanduseofdiscretionaryauthority
6.5. IrrelevantConsiderations
6.6. Non-exerciseofdiscretionarypower
6.7. Discretiontoprosecuteortowithdrawprosecution

27
 6.8. Limiting,confiningandrestructuringdiscretion-generaldiscretion,technical
discretion
Unit-7.Liabilityfor wrongs:(TortuousandContractual)
7.1. TortuousLiability:SovereignandNon-sovereignfunctions
7.2. CrownProceedingsActofUKand TortsClaimsAct ofUS
7.3. StatutoryImmunity
7.4. ActofState
7.5. ContractualliabilityofGovernment
7.6. Governmentprivilegeinlegalproceedings;Statesecrets,Publicinterest,etc.,
7.7. RighttoInformationandOpengovernment
7.8. EstoppelandWaiver
Unit-8.CorporationsandPublic undertakings
8.1. StateMonopoly;Remediesagainst arbitraryactionorforactionagainst public
policy
8.2. Liabilityofpublic and private corporationsofdepartmentalundertakings
8.3. LegalRemedies
8.4. Accountability;Committeeonpublicundertakings,Estimatescommittee,etc.
Unit-9.Informalmethodsofsettlement ofdisputesandgrievanceredressalprocedure
9.1. ConciliationandmediationthroughSocialActionGroups
9.2. Useofmedia,lobbyingandpublicparticipationinpolicymaking
9.3. PublicinquiriesandCommissionsofinquiry
9.4. Ombudsman,ParliamentaryCommissioner
9.5. Lokpal, lokayukta
9.6. VigilanceCommission
CongressionalandParliamentaryCommittees

Paper–2.6
HUMANRIGHTSLAWANDPRACTICE(H.C.–II)
OBJECTIVESOFTHECOURSE:

The objective of the course is to introduce the Human Rights Law and facilitate
the studentsto understand the working ofbothNationaland InternationalHuman
Rights Law.Students will be introduced to theories of Human Rights and its
practice.Thedetailedsyllabus hasgivenanoverviewofLegalaspectsofHuman Rights
to understand the nuances of the subject.

Unit-1.ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT

General–ConceptofHumanRights–TheMiddle Ages–TheMagnaCarta– Bill of
rights – American Revolution – French Revolution – Classification of Human
Rights – Interdependence of three categories of Human Rights.

Unit-2.INTERNATIONALHUMANRIGHTSLAW
United Nations Charter based Human Rights obligations – Principles of Human
Rights and that of jus cogens status and their related instruments – Prohibition of
the Use of Force to resolve International Disputes – Right to Self-determinationof
People – Prohibition of Genocide – Prohibition of Torture – Prohibition of
RacialDiscrimination – Prohibition ofSlavery– Prohibition ofTraffic in persons

28
 for Prostitution – Prohibition of Terrorism – Enforced disappearances –Prolonged
arbitrary detention – International Bill of Human Rights – Universal Declaration
of Human Rights – International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights –
International Covenant on Economic , Social and Cultural Rights – and their
Additional Instruments – Human Rights and Vulnerable groups – Rights of
Women, Children, Disabled, Tribals, Aged and Minorities – United Nations
Charter based Human Rights Institutions – Commission on Human Rights,
Human Rights Committee – Human Rights and International Judicial bodies.

Unit-3.INDIANPERSPECTIVESOFHUMANRIGHTSLAW
ConstitutionofIndiarelatedHumanRightsobligations –RoleofIndianJudiciary
inthedevelopment ofHumanRightsLaw.India andInternationalHumanRights Law.
Unit-4.HUMANRIGHTSANDINSTITUTIONALMECHANISMSIN INDIA
TheProtectionofCivilRightsAct, 1955 –TheNationalCommissionforWomen Act,
1990 –The NationalCommission for Minorities Act, 1992 –The Protection of
Human Rights Act, 1993 – The Person’s with Disabilities (Equalopportunities,
Protection of Rights and full participation) Act, 1995 and Rules 1996 – National
Charter for Children, 2003 – The Commission for Protection of Child Rights
Act, 2005.
Unit-5.REGIONALMECHANISMS,NATIONALANDINTERNATIONALNON-
GOVERNMENTAL ORGANISATIONS (NGO’s) IN THE ENFORCEMENT
OF HUMAN RIGHTS.
Asian,AfricanandEuropeanHumanRightsInstrumentsandtheirenforcement –
Regional Judicial bodies – (European Court of Human Rights, Inter-American
Court ofHuman Rights and African Court ofHuman Rights) Concept ofNGO’s
ANDInternationalNGO’s –THEIRPARTICIPATIONINHumanRights issues –
Selective case studies.

Books Prescribed:
1. Cransten–HumanRights Today
2. GalusEsejoifer– ProtectionofHumanRightsunderthe Law
3. JohnLocke – CivilGovernment
4. Richte– NaturalRights
5. RaphaelD.D.,Macmillan– HumanRightsold andnew
6. R.Dworkin–Takingrights seriously.
7. Dr. U.Chandra–HumanRights.
8. ParasDiwan–HumanRightsand Law.
BooksforReference:
1. IanBrownlieGuyS.Goodwin-Gill–BasicDocumentsonHumanRights.
2. R.P.Anand–SalientDocumentsonInternationalLaw.
3. HandBookofHumanRightsandCriminalJusticeinIndia.
4. TheSystemandProcedure –SouthAsiaHumanRightsDocumentationCentre
(SAHRDC)
5. K.C.Joshi– InternationalLawand HumanRights.
6. JuliusStone–HumanLawand HumanJustice.
7. S.K.Verma,S.C.SrivastavaEdited–RightofPersonswithDisabilities.
8. WilliamA. Schabas–GenocideinInternationalLaw.
9. MichaelHaas–InternationalHumanRightsLaw.

29
III- SEMESTER
Paper –
3.1PROPERTYLA
W
(IncludingTransferofPropertyActandEasementAct)
Unit-1.Jurisprudentialcontoursofproperty
1.1. ConceptandMeaningofProperty:NewProperty;Governmentallargesse
1.2. Kindsofproperty:MovableandImmovableproperty;TangibleandIntangible
property; Intellectual property; Copyright; Patents and Designs; Trademarks
1.3. PrivateandPublicproperty:Naturalresourcesasproperty;Privatizationof
public property
1.4. Capitalist andsocialistanalysisofproperty:PropertyinmeansofProduction
1.5. Possessionandownershipasman;propertyrelationship;Finder oflostgoods
1.6. SocialFunctionsofProperty
Unit-2.LAWRELATINGTOTRANSFEROF PROPERTY
2.1. GeneralPrinciplesoftransferofProperty
2.2. SpecificTransfers
2.2.1. Sale
Unit-3.Mortgage
3.1. Mortgage
3.2. KindsofMortgages, SimpleMortgage,Mortgagebyconditionalsale;
distinguished from sale with a condition for repurchase.
UsufructuaryMortgages,EnglishMortgage.
3.3. Distinguished fromMortgagebyconditionalsale, Mortgagebydepositoftitle
deeds;
3.4. Whenregistrationisnecessary?AnomalousMortgage
3.5. Systematicconstraints;Whenformalitiesarerequired?Formalitieseffectofnon
-Registration;Debtmaybeproved
3.6. Rights of Mortgagor; Right to Redeem; distinctionbetween “Due” and
“Payable”;Clogonredemption;Partialredemption;Accessionto mortgaged
property andImprovements; Mortgagor’s power to lease
3.7. Rights and liabilities ofMortgagee;Right to Foreclosure or Sale;Rights to sue
for mortgagemoney; Accessionto mortgagedproperty;Rightsofmortgageein
possession; Substituted Security

30
 3.8. LiabilitiesofaMortgageeinpossession
3.9. PostponementofPriorMortgage
3.10.MarshallingandContribution
3.11.WhomaySueforredemption?
3.12.ConventionalSubrogation;LegalSubrogation;“RedeemUpandForeclose
Down”
Unit-4.ActionableClaims,SecurityInterestsinImmovables
Unit-5.Charges
Unit-6.Leases
Unit-7.Exchange
Unit-8.Gifts
Unit-9.
9.1. Easements
9.2. CreationofEasements
9.3. NatureandCharacteristicsofEasements
9.4. ExtinctionofEasements
9.5. RiparianRights
9.6. Licenses
Unit-10.Recordationof Property Rights
10.1. Law relating to Registration of documents affecting property relations;
Exemptionofleasesand mortgagesinfavorofLandDevelopment Bank from
registration
10.2. Recordationofrights inagriculturallandwith specialreferencetorespective
states
10.3. Investigationoftitle toproperty
10.4. LawrelatingtoStampDuties
10.5. Oftheliabilityofinstrumentstoduty
10.6. Duties bywhompayable
10.7. Effectofnotonlydutystampinginstruments; examinationandimpoundingof
instruments; inadmissibility on evidence impounding of instruments

Paper –
3.2LABOURLA
W-I
Unit-1.HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVESOFLABOUR
1.1. Labour though the ages; Slave labour; guild system; Division on caste basis;
Labour during feudal days
1.2. Coloniallabourlawandpolicy
1.3. Labour capital conflicts: exploitation of labour, profit motive, poor bargaining
power, poor working conditions, unorganized labour, surplus labour, division of
labour and super specialization, lack of alternative employment
1.4. InternationalLabourStandardsandtheirimplementation
1.5. From laissez faire to welfare state:transition from exploitation to protection and
from contract to statute
Unit-2.TRADEUNIONISM
2.1. LabourMovementasacountermeasuretoexploitation,
2.2. History of Trade Union Movementin India Right to trade union as part of human
right to freedom of association, amalgamation, rights and liabilities, dissolution
31
 2.3. Legal Control, and protection of trade union, registration, amalgamation, rights
and liabilities; dissolution
2.4. Problems, multiplicity of unions, over politicization intra – union and inter –
union rivalry, outside leadership, closed shop and union – shop, recognition of
unions
Unit-3.COLLECTIVEBARGAINING
3.1. Conceptofcollectivebargaining
3.2. Internationalnorms,conditionsprecedent;meritsanddemerits
3.3. Bargainingprocess
3.3.1. Negotiation
3.3.2. Pressurization:StrikeandLockout,goslow,worktorules,gherao
3.4. Structureofbargaining: plant,industryand nationallevels
3.5. Durationandenforcement ofbipartiteagreement
3.6. Reformsinlaw
Unit-4.STATEREGULATION OFINDUSTRIAL RELATIONS
4.1. Theoretical foundations social justice, labour welfare, public interest,
productivity, Industrial peace and development, price control
4.2. Methodsofregulation
4.2.1. Recognitionofmutualarrangements
4.2.2. Assistance to bipartite settlements: conciliation, voluntary arbitration,
formulation of standing orders
4.2.3. State prescription of machinery: reference for adjudication (the political
overtones), adjudicatory mechanisms (how do they differ from courts?)
award, its binding nature, judicial review of awards
4.2.4. State prescription of standards in lay off, strike, lockout, retrenchment,
closure and transfer of undertakings
4.3. TheConceptualconundrum:industry,industrialdispute, workmen
4.4. UnfairLabour Practices
Unit-5.DisciplineinIndustry:restrainsonmanagerialprerogatives
5.1. DoctrineofHireand Fire:historyofmanagement’s prerogative
5.2. Fairness indisciplinaryprocess
5.2.1. Punishmentformisconduct:meaningofmisconduct
5.2.2. Therighttoknow:thechargesheet
5.2.3. The right to defined: domestic enquiry, notice, evidence, cross
examination, representation, unbiased inquiryofficer and reasoned decision
5.2.4. renatal (permission) and Postnatal (approval); control during pendency of
proceedings (S.33 of the I.D.Act.)
Unit-6.LegalControlandprotectionoftrade unions:IndianTrade UnionActof1926:
6.1. Registration,rightsandliabilitiesoftradeunion.
6.2. Amalgamationand dissolutionoftrade union.
6.3. Problems;multiplicity of unions,overpoliticization,intra–union andinter– union
Rivalry, outside leadership, closed shop and union- shop.
6.4. Recognitionofunions.
6.5. AmendmentstoTradeUnionActandreforms inlaw.
Unit-7.Lawrelatingtoserviceconditions:
7.1. Industrial employment(standingOrders)Act,1946-ScopeandObjectof the Act,
7.2. ModelStandingOrders,andmatterstobeincorporatedinstandingorders (Schedule to
the Act)

32
 7.3. Submissionof draftstandingorder,certificationandmodificationof standing
orders :
7.4. nterpretation of standing orders and power of appropriate Government tomake
rules
7.5. Conceptofmisconduct, disciplinaryactionandpunishmentfor misconduct.
Unit-8.LawrelatingIndustrialDisputes: IndustrialDisputesAct,1947-
8.1. Conceptual conundrum:industry,industrial dispute, workmen;(Sec.2 ‘J’K’ and
‘S’);
Unit-9.Lawrelating IndustrialDisputes:IndustrialDisputesAct,1947
9.1. Disputessettlementmachinery
9.2. Conciliationofficers,
9.3. Board ofConciliation,
9.4. Labourcourt,
9.5. IndustrialTribunalandNationalTribunal–dutiesandpowers;(Sec.3-10)
9.6. ReferenceforadjudicationVoluntaryArbitration(Sec10 &10A).
9.7. AwarditsbindingnatureandJudicialreviewofawards.(Sections18&11-A).
9.8. Statutorylimitationsonstrikesandlock-outs;unfairlabourpractices–prohibition and
penalties,(Sec.22-31 & 25-T, 25U).
9.9. Generalandspecialprovisionsrelatingtolay-off, retrenchmentandclosure
(Sections 25A- 25S and 25K – 25R).
Unit-10.RecommendationsSecondLabour CommissiononIndustrialDisputes.
Unit-11.IndustrialRelations Code2020.

Paper –
3.3COMPANYLA
W

Unit-1.Meaning of Company, essential characteristics, corporate personality and lifting the

corporate veil, Forms of Corporate and non-Corporate Organisations; Corporations,
partnerships and other associations of persons, state corporations, government companies,
public sector private sector, their-role, functions and accountability of companies
Unit-2.Incorporation, Memorandum of Association - various clauses - alteration therein - doctrine
of ultra vires, Articles of Association - binding force alteration - its relations with
memorandum of association - doctrine of constructive notice and indoor management
exceptions, Prospectus - issue - contents - liability for misstatements - statement in lieu of
prospectus, Promotors - position - duties and liabilities
Unit-3.Shareholders: Shares - general principles of allotment statutory restrictions - share
certificate its objects and effects - transfer of shares - restrictions on transfer - procedure for
transfer - refusal of transfer - role of public finance institutions - relationship between
transferor and transfers - issue of shares at premium and discount, Shareholder - who can
be and who cannot be a shareholder modes of becoming a shareholder calls on shares -
forfeiture and surrender of shares - lien on shares rights and liabilities of shareholder,
Share capital - kinds - alteration and reduction of share capital - further issue of capital -
conversion of loans and debentures into capital duties of court to protect the interests of
creditors and shareholders.
Unit-4.Directors - position - appointment - qualifications, vacation of office - removal, resignation -
powers and duties of directors -meeting, registers, loans remuneration of directors - role of

33
 nominee directors-compensation for loss of office - managing directors and other
managerial personnel, Meetings - kinds procedure – voting.
Unit-5.Dividends, Debentures, Borrowing Powers: Dividends - payment - capitalization of bonus
shares, Audit and accounts, Borrowing - powers - effects of unauthorised borrowing -
charges and mortgages - loans to other companies investments - contracts by companies,
Debentures - meaning- floating charge - kinds of debentures - shareholder and debenture
holder - remedies of debenture holders.
Unit-6.Majority rule: Protection of minority rights, Prevention of oppression and missmanagement,
who can apply - when can he apply, powers of the court and of the Central Government.
Unit-7.Other Allied Aspects: Private companies - nature advantages conversion into public
company foreign companies, government companies, holding and subsidiary companies,
Investigations– Powers, Reconstruction and amalgamation, Defunct Companies. National
company Law Tribunal, powers and functions.
Unit-8.Law and Multinational Companies: Collaboration agreements for technology transfer,
Control and regulation of foreign companies taxation of foreign companies, share capital in
such companies.
Unit-9.Winding Up: Winding up - types - by court - reasons - grounds - who can apply - procedure,
powers of liquidator - powers of court consequences of winding up order voluntary winding
up by members and creditors winding up subject to supervision of court.
Unit-10. Winding up proceedings: appointment of liquidator, powers and duties of official liquidator;
Liability of past members - payment of liabilities - preferential payments, unclaimed
dividends - winding up of unregistered company.
Unit-11.
1. Constitution of National Company Law Tribunal
2. Constitution of National Company Law Appellate tribunal
3. Appeal to Supreme Court
4. Establishment of Special Courts
5. Offences Triable by special courts
6. Appeal and revision
Unit – 12. Law Reforms
1. Significance of corporate governance
2. Corporate social responsibilities.
3. Corporate criminal Liability.
4. Corporate Liability under environmental laws
5. Offences and penalties under companies act 2013
Statute Prescribed:
Companies Act, 2013 as amended by the (Companies Amendment act
2019) Books Recommended:
1. Avatar Singh: Company Law, Eastern Book company, Lucknkow
2. Anantha Raman, lectures on company Law, Wadhwa and Company
3. KailashRai, Company Law , Allahabad Law Agency, Allahabad
4. Majumdar, Company Law, Taxman Publications
5. TandonM.P. ,Company Law, Allahabad Law Agency, Allahabad
6. Palmer, Company Law
7. .Gover, Company Law
8. Ramaih, A Guide to Companieis Act, Wadhwa Publications

34
 Paper–3.4
PUBLICINTERNATIONALLAW

Unit-1.STATESASSUBJECTSOFINTERNATIONALLAW
1.1. NatureofInternationalLaw
1.2. Evolutionnatureofstateas a subjectofInternationalLaw
1.3. CriteriaofStatehood
1.4. DistinctionbetweenStateand Governments
1.5. RecognitionofStates andGovernments
1.6. ThenotionofStateSuccession
Unit-2.STATESASMAKERSOFINTERNATIONALLAW
2.1. Custom-CreationthroughState Practice
2.1.1. Concept of“Statepractices” creative of“Custom”
2.1.2. TypesofCustom
2.1.3. ProofofCustom
2.1.4. Place of customary International Law in the evolution, and for the future,
of international law
2.1.5. Treaties
2.1.6. Conceptoftreaties
2.1.7. Types of treaties (bilateral/regional/multilateral; dispositive/non
dispositives; Law – creating)
2.1.8. AuthoritytoenterintotreatieswhichspecialreferencetoIndiaandSAARC
2.1.9. Essentialofavalidtreaty,withspecialreference toJusCogens
2.1.10. StateSuccessionto treaties
2.1.11. Selectedproblemsintreatyinterpretation
Unit-3.Internationaladjudication
3.1. Generalprinciplesofcivilizednationsandjuristicwriting(publicists)as
acknowledged Subsidiary
3.2. InternationalLawCreatingAct.
3.3. TheResolutionofthe GeneralAssemblyasLawCreatingActs
3.4. TheStatusofSpecialized United NationsAgencies
3.5. TheroleofinternationalNGO’s ininternationallaw creation
Unit-4.Individuals,nonstatecommunitiesandpeoples ininternationallaw
4.1. ThetraditionaldiscourseconcerningIndividualasasubjectandobjectof international
law
4.2. Thebasicmodification,postcharter,inthepositionoftheindividual
Unit-5.Equitableresourceutilizationandjustworldorder
5.1. ThetraditionalconceptsofStateJurisdiction
5.2. Thereformulationofthelawofthecommonheritageormankind
5.2.1. Frommareliberumto thecommon heritageof mankind
Unit-6.SEALAW
6.1. TerritorialWaters
6.2. ContinentalShelf
6.3. Sea– bed and Ocean–floor
6.4. SpecialproblemofAntarctica.
Unit-7.AIRLAW
7.1. Thelawofouterspace,themoonTreaty,GeoStationaryobjectinouterspace
7.2. Problemsofliability inthecaseofhazards
35
 7.3. The emerginglaw concerning trans– boundary pollution accident(Chernobyl,
Bassle and Bhopal)
Unit-8.INTERNATIONALECONOMICLAW
8.1. TheIBRD,TheIMF
8.2. TheGATT
8.3. TheUNCTAD;W.T.O
Unit-9.INTERNATIONALORGANISATION
9.1. INTERNATIONALORGANISATIONS
9.1.1. League ofNations
9.1.2. UnitedNations
9.1.3. TheGeneralAssembly
9.1.4. The SecurityCouncil
9.1.5. The InternationalCourtofJustice(ICJ)
9.1.6. TheEconomicandsocialCouncil
9.1.7. TheTursteeshipCouncil
9.1.8. TheSecretariat
9.2. SpecialisedAgencies
9.2.1. InternationalLabourOrganisation(ILO)
9.2.2. WorldHealthOrganisation(WHO)
9.2.3. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation
(UNESCO)
Unit-10.InternationalLaw-Terrorism

PAPER –
3.5INTERPRETATIONOFSTATUTES
(Optional– I)

Unit-1.INTRODUCTION
1.1. Differencebetweenconstructionandinterpretation
1.2. Conceptandpowerof interpretation
1.2.1. Literalconstruction
1.2.2. Other principlesof interpretation
1.3. Generalprinciplesof interpretation
1.3.1. ThePrimaryrule:literalconstruction
1.3.2. Theothermainprinciplesofinterpretation
1.3.3. Reading wordsintheircontext:theexternalaspect
1.3.4. Reading wordsincontext:the statutoryaspect
Unit-2.BENEFICIALCONSTRUCTION
2.1. Restrictiveconstruction
2.1.1. Consequencetobe considered
2.1.2. Presumptionagainstchanges inthecommonlaw
2.1.3. Mensreainstatutoryoffences
2.2. Constructiontopreventevasionofabuse
2.2.1. Consequencetopreventevasion
2.2.2. Constructiontopreventabuseofpowers
Unit-3.
3.1. Theoreticalorideologicalapproachestointerpretation
3.2. Judicialrestraint

36
 3.3. Judicialactivism
3.4. Juristicrestraint
Unit-4.PRESUMPTIONSREGARDINGJURISDICTION
4.1. Presumptionsagainst oustingestablishedjurisdictions
4.2. Presumptionsagainst creatingnew,andenlargingestablishedjurisdictions
4.3. Howfar statutesaffectthecrown
4.4. Furtherpresumptionsregardingjurisdiction

4.4.1. TerritorialextentofBritishlegislation
4.4.2. Howfarstatutesconferringrightsaffectforeigners
4.4.3. Presumptionsagainstaviolationofinternationallaw
Unit-5.CONSTRUCTIVETOAVOIDCOLLISIONWITHOTHER PROVISIONS
5.1. Constructionmostagreeableto justiceandreason
5.1.1. Presumptionagainstintendingwhatisinconvenientorunreasonable
5.1.2. Presumptionagainst intending injusticeorabsurdity
5.1.3. Presumption againstimpairingobligation,or permittingadvantagefrom
one’s ownwrong
5.1.4. Retrospectiveoperationofstatutes
5.2. EXCEPTIONALCONSTRUCTION
5.2.1. Modificationofthelanguagetomeettheintention
5.2.2. Equitableconstruction
5.2.3. Strictconstructionofpenallaws
5.2.4. Statutesencroachingonrightsor imposing burdens
Unit-6.SUBORDINATE PRINCIPLES
6.1. Usageandcontemporaneaexposition
6.2. Constructionimposedbystatute
6.3. Constructionofwordsinbonampartem
6.4. Changeoflanguage
6.5. Understandingassociatedwordsinacommonsense,andtheexpressiouniusrule
6.6. Genericwordsfollowingmorespecific
6.7. Meaningofsomeparticularexpression
Unit-7.Intentionsattributedtothelegislaturewhenitexpressesnone
7.1. Imperativeanddirectoryenactments
7.2. Absoluteandqualifiedduties
7.3. Impossibilityofcompliance
7.4. Waiver
7.5. Publicand private remedies
Unit-8.STAREDECISIS
1.1. Thedoctrineas inheritedbyus
1.2. Techniquesofinnovation(subversion)ofstare decisions
1.3. SupremeCourt’sauthoritytooverruleitsowndecisions(e.g.TheAntulay’sCase)
1.4. Advisoryjurisdictionanditsimportonprecedent
1.5. ProspectiveoverrulinginIndia
1.6. Objectionsto judicialreview asantimajoritarian
Unit-9.STATUTORY INTERPRETATION AS ASPECTS OF JUDICIAL
PROCESS
9.1. Rulesofstatutoryinterpretationtheirjudgemade character
9.2. Legalismandruleofliteral interpretation
9.3. Creativity:mischiefandgoldenrule
9.4. Selfdiscipline: rulesofconstruction inFiscaland CriminalStatutes
9.5. Technicalityrules as to necessary and implied repeal: Rules for interpretation of
37
 codifying, consolidating and amending statute
9.6. Valuesandinterpretation
Unit-10. CONSTITUTIONALINTERPRETATION
10.1. Differentiationfromstatutoryinterpretation;RexVs.Burahas example
10.2. Literalinterpretation

10.3. Harmoniousconstruction
10.4. ReferencetoConstituent Assemblydebates
10.5. PithandSubstance
10.6. Occupiedfield
10.7. Residuarypower
10.8. Repugnancy
10.9. Amendingpower
DirectivePrinciplesassourcesofConstitutionalInterpretation

38
 Paper –
3.6REGULATORYLAWS(H.C.–III)
OBJECTIVESOFTHECOURSE
Economic Liberalization in India made many changes regulating public and
privateequally.Theregulatoryauthoritiesarepartoftheexecutivebranchof
government andpossesallnatureofcontrolwiththem.Therearelegislations relating
to regulatoryauthority like health, safety, quality and quantity.This course
primarily covers the legislations to deal with regulation in consumer interest and
economic wealth of the country.
Unit-1.INTRODUCTION
Theoriesofregulation–Public interesttheories–Privateinteresttheories– Institutionalised
theories – Regulation beyond the State.
Unit-2.COMPETITIONACT
TheCompetitionAct,2002–Anticompetitiveagreement –Dominant position–
Regulationofcombination–CompetitionCommissionofIndia –Duties, powers and
functions – Penalties.
Unit-3.THETELECOMREGULATORYAUTHORITYOFINDIAACT
TRAIAct,1997–Establishment and incorporationofTRAI –Powersand function
of authority – Settlement of dispute Amendment in 2000.
Unit-4.THEELECTRICITYACT
ElectricityAct, 2003–Licensing–Nationalelectricitypolicyandplan–Central
electricityauthority– Regulatorycommissions – Powers –State Commissions –
Tamil Nadu Electricity (Reorganisation and reforms) Transfer Scheme 2010.
Unit-5.PENSIONFUNDANDDEVELOPMENTREGULATORY AUTHORITY
ACTPFDRA –Powersand functions.

BooksPrescribed:
1. BronwenMorgan– AnIntroductiontoLawandRegulation.
2. S.P.Sathe–AdministrativeLaw

39
 3. TheTelecomRevolutioninIndia:Technology,RegulationandPolicy–By
Indian Institute ofManagement, Bangalore (IIMB)
4. SarkarandBhatnagar–LawofElectricityinIndia.
5. TRAI – Consumers’HandbookonTelecommunications.
6. A.C.Fernando– BusinessEthics:AnIndianPerspective.
7. SarkriyaD. –SEBIandSecuritiesMarketinIndia.
8. AvatarSingh–CompetitionLaw.

IV- SEMESTER
PAPER –
4.1LABOURLAW–
II
Unit-1.REMUNERATIONFOR LABOUR
1.1. Theories of Wages: marginal productivity, subsistence, wages fund, supply and
demand, residual claimant, standard of living
1.2. ConceptsofWages(minimumwages,fairwages,livingwages,needbased minimum
Wages)
1.3. ComponentsofWages:dearnessallowance,principlesoffixation
1.4. DisparityinWagesindifferentsectors:needforrationalizationandnational approach
1.5. Wagedeterminingprocess:modesandmodalities
1.5.1. Unilateralfixationbyemployer
1.5.2. Bilateralfixation
1.5.3. Conciliation,arbitrationandadjudication
1.5.4. WageBoard and PayCommission
1.5.5. Principlesofwagefixation
1.6. Conceptofbonus;computationofbonus
1.7. Protection of Wages:nonpayment,delayedpayment,unauthorizeddeductions,
remedial measures
Unit-2.HealthandSafety
2.1. Obligations for healthand safetyofworkmen legislative controls: factory, mines
and plantations
2.2. Employer’sliability
2.2.1. Workmen’sCompensation
2.2.2. EmployeesStateInsurance
2.2.3. Liability for hazardous and inherently dangerous industries;
environmental Protection
Unit-3.Labour Welfare
3.1. Welfareprovidedbytheemployersandthroughbipartiteagreementsandby statutory
prescription
3.2. Provident Fundand FamilyPension
3.3. Gratuity
3.4. Interstatemigrantworkmen;regulationofemploymentandconditionsofservice
3.5. Regulationofworkinghours:Statutorycontrols
3.6. Womanandlabourforce
3.6.1. EqualRemunerationLaw,maternitybenefitsprotectiveprovisionsfor women
under Factories, plantations and mines laws

40
 3.7. Employmentofyoungpersons:prohibitionofemploymentofchildren,regulation of
employment of young persons
Unit-4.Protectionoftheweakersectorsoflabour
4.1. Triballabour:needforregulation
4.2. Beediworkers
4.3. Unorganizedlabourlikedomesticservants:problemsandperspectives
4.4. Bondedlabour:socio–economicprogrammesforrehabilitation
4.5. Contractlabourregulation
4.6. Constitutionaldimensionsoflabourstandards
Unit-5.Law relating to wages and bonus :Theoriesof wages: marginalproductivity,
subsistence, wage fund ,supply and demand , residual claimant , standardof
leaving conceptsof wages (minimum wage, fair wage, leaving wage, need-
based minimum wage): Constitutional provisions : Components of wages:
5.1. Minimum wages Act, 1948: Objectives and constitutional validity of the Act:
procedure for fixation and revision of minimum rates of wages: exemptions and
exceptions :
5.2. Payment of wages Act, 1936: Regulation of payment of wages Authorized
Deductions ,
5.3. Paymentof BonusAct,:Bonus-ItsHistorical background, presentposition and
exemptions , Payment of Bonus (Amendment) Act, 2007
Unit-6.SocialSecurityagainstemployment injuryandothercontingencies:
6.1. Conceptanddevelopmentofsocialsecuritymeasures:
6.1.1. Concept of‘Accident arisingoutof’and ‘inthecourseoftheemployment ‘:
Doctrine of notional extension and doctrine and added peril:
6.1.2. Totalandpartialdisablement:
6.1.3. Quantumandmethod ofdistributionofcompensation
6.2. Employersliabilitytopaycompensationforemploymentinjury:Legal Protection :
Workmen’s Compensation Act, 1923
6.2.1. BenefitsprovidedundertheAct:
6.2.2. EmployeesStateInsurance FundandContributions:
6.2.3. MachineryfortheimplementationoftheAct:
6.2.4. ESICourtandappealtoHighCourt
6.3. EmployeesStateinsuranceAct, 1948:
Unit-7.Lawrelatingtoretirementbenefits:
7.1. Employees Provident Fund and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1952; Family
Pension Scheme1971and Employees Pension Scheme 1995:
7.1.1. The changing rules regarding Employees Provident Fund and Pension
Schemes;
7.2. Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972 – Concept of gratuity, Eligibility for payment
ofgratuity, Determination of Gratuity, Forfeiture of gratuity
Unit-8.ContractLabour:
8.1. ProblemsofContract Labour: ProcessofContractualisationoflabour
8.2. Legal Protection: Contract Labour (Regulation and Abolition) Act, 1970;
Controversy regarding Abolition of contract labour and their absorption; Land
mark cases: Air Indian Statutory Corporation. V. United Labour Union, (1977)&
SAIL case (2002);
8.3. Proposedamendmentand itsimpactonthecontractlabour.
Unit-9.Unorganized Sector:
9.1. ProblemofDefinitionand Identification;Unionizationproblems

41
 9.2. Historical backdrop of proposed bills on social security for unorganized
sector(2004, 2005 & 2007)
9.3. UnorganizedSector Worker’sSocialSecurityAct,2008.
Unit-10.LAWREFORMS
Unit-11. TheCodeonWages2019; SocialSecurityCode-
2020;OccupationalSafety,Health and Working Conditions Code-2020.

PAPER -
4.2FAMILYLAW–
II
Unit-1.JOINT HINDUFAMILY(MITHAKSHARAAND DAYABHAGA)
1.1. MithaksharaJointFamilies
1.2. Mithakshara coparcenary– formationand incidents, Propertyunder Mithakshara
law – separate property
1.3. coparceneryproperties
1.4. Dayabhagacoparcenary-formationandincidents
1.5. Propertyunder Dayabhaga law Kartha ofthe Joint Family – his position, powers
privileges and obligations
1.6. Alienationofproperty–separateandcoparcenary
1.7. Debts–DoctrineofPiousObligationand antecedentdebt
1.8. Partitionand Re– union
Unit-2.JointHinduFamilyasasocialsecurityinstitutionandimpactofHinduGains of
Learning Actand various tax laws in it
Unit-3.INHERITANCE
3.1. Hindus
3.2. HistoricalperspectiveoftraditionalHinduLawasbackgroundtothestudyof Hindu
Succession Act,1956.
3.3. Succession to property of a Hindu male dying intestate under the provisions
ofHindu Succession Act, 1956
3.4. DevolutionofinterestinMithaksharacoparcenarywithreferencetothe provisions
ofHindu Succession Act, 1956
3.5. SuccessiontopropertyofHindufemaledyingintestateundertheHindu Succession
Act, 1956
3.6. DisqualificationsrelatingtoSuccession
3.7. GeneralrulesofSuccession
3.8. Marumakkattayam and Aliyasantana Laws governing people living in
Travancore, Cochin and the districts Malabar and South Canara
Unit-4.NEWPROPERTYCONCEPTS,SUCHASSKILL,JOBETC,ASNEWFORMS OF
PROPERTY
Unit-5.SETTLEMENTOFSPOUSALPROPERTY:
5.1. Aneedfordevelopment
Unit-6.MUSLIMLAWOFINHERITANCEAND SUCCESSION
6.1. RulesgoverningSunniandShivalawofinheritance
6.2. Differences betweenShiaandSunnilaws
6.3. AdministrationofEstates
Unit-7.WillsunderMuslimLaw
Unit-8.INDIANSUCCESSIONLAW
8.1. Domicile
42
 8.2. Intestatesuccession
Unit-9.Will–Codicil
9.1. Interpretation-revocationofwill
9.2. Bequests–Conditional–Contingentorvoidbequests
9.3. Legacies
9.4. Pro-Sale andletterofadministration
9.5. Executor–Administrators
9.6. Succession– Certificatio
Paper –
4.3TAXATIONLAW
UNIT – 1: Constitutional Provision:
Arts 265 to 289 – Scope of Tax Laws – Tax and Fee – Capital Receipt and Revenue
Receipt distinguished.
UNIT – 2: Direct Tax Laws:
Income Tax Law: Historical out line, Definitions – Income – Agricultural Income
– Previous Year and Assessee – Incidence of Tax and Residential Status –
Statutory Exemptions (Ss 10 to 13 A) – Classification of Income and Heads of
Income (Ss14 to 59) – Assessment (Ss. 109 to 158) – Collection and Recovery of
Tax – Double Taxation Relief – Clubbing of Incomes (Ss.50 to 66)
UNIT – 3: Income Tax Authorities:
Settlement of Cases (S.245) – Appeals and Revisions (Ss. 246 to 269) – Penalties
– Offences and Prosecutions (Ss.270 to 280)
UNIT – 4: GOODS AND SERVICE TAX
Origin and Concept – Goods and Services Tax – Constitutional Basis – Dual GST
Model – IGST, CGST, SGST – UTHST – GST on Sale, Transfer, Import and export
– Merits and Demerits of GST, Council power of Central Govt. in Interstate Sales
– GST Exemption – Impact of GST on Federal Polity.
UNIT – 5: Reforms in Tax Laws: New challenges
Paper –
4.4INTELLECTUALPROPERTYRIGHTSLAW
S
(OPTIONAL-II)

Unit-1.Introduction
1.1. Themeaningofintellectualproperty
1.2. CompetingrationalesofthelegalregimesfortheprotectionofintellectualProperty
1.3. The mainformsofintellectualproperty;copyright,trademarks, patents, designs,
geographical indicators, merchandise, franchise and forms ofunfair competition
1.4. Thecompetingrationales forprotectionofrightsin

43
Unit-2.Copyright-Trademarks-Patents–Designs
2.1. IntroductiontotheleadinginternationalinstrumentsconcerningintellectualProperty
rights:
2.2. TheBerneConvention,UniversalCopyrightConvention,
2.3. TheParisUnionthe World IntellectualPropertyRightsOrganization(WIPO)
2.4. UNESCO
2.5. TRIPS
2.6. TRIMS
2.7. WTO
Unit-3.SELECTASPECTS OFTHELAWOFCOPYRIGHTIN INDIA
3.1. Historicalevolutionofthelaw
3.2. Meaning ofcopyright
3.3. Copyrightinliterary,dramaticandmusicalwork
3.4. Copyrightincinematographfilms
3.5. Ownershipofcopyright
3.6. Assignmentofcopyright
3.7. Author’sspecialrights
3.8. Notionofinfringement
3.9. Criteriaofinfringement
3.10.Infringementofcopyrightbyfilmsofliteraryanddramatic works
3.11.Importationandinfringement
3.12.Fairuseprovisions
3.13.Videopiracy
3.14.Aspectsofcopyrightjustice
Unit-4.Remedies,especiallythepossibilityofAntonpillar injunctiverelief inIndia
Unit-5.INTELLECTUALPROPERTYIN TRADEMARKS
5.1. Therationalofprotectionoftrademarksas
5.1.1. anaspectofcommercialand
5.1.2. ofconsumerrights
5.2. Definition;conceptionoftrademarks
5.3. Registration
5.4. Distinctionbetweentrademarkandpropertymark
5.5. Thedoctrineofhonestconcurrentuser
5.6. Thedoctrineofdeceptivesimilarity
5.7. Passingoffandinfringementcriteriaofinfringement
5.8. Standardsofproofinpassingoffaction
Unit-6.Remedies
Unit-7.THELAWOFINTELLECTUALPROPERTY–PATENTS
7.1. Conceptionofpatent
7.2. HistoricaloverviewofthepatentslawinIndia
7.3. Patentable inventions with special reference to biotechnology products entailing
creation of new forms of life
7.4. Process of obtaining a patent: application,examination,opposition and sealing of
patents; general introduction
7.4.1. Theproblemoflimitedlocusstanditooppose,speciallyinrelationto inventions
having potential of ecological and mass disasters
7.4.2. Wrongfullyobtainingtheinvention
7.4.3. Priorpublicationor anticipation
7.4.4. Obviousnessandthelackofinventivestep
7.4.5. Insufficientdescription

44
 7.5. Rightsand obligationsofa patentee
7.5.1. Patentsaschoseinaction
7.5.2. Durationofpatent: lawand policyconsideration
7.5.3. Useandexerciseright
7.5.4. Rightto secrecy
7.5.5. Thenotionofabuseofpatentrights
7.6. Specialcategories
7.6.1. Employeeinvention: lawandpolicyconsideration
7.6.2. Combinationandselectionpatents
7.6.3. International patents, transfer of technology, know how and problems of
self reliant development
7.6.4. BiotechnologyPatents
7.6.5. Patentsinnuclearpower–newvarietiesofplantbreedsandmedicinal plants
7.6.6. Compulsorylicenses
7.7. Infringement
7.7.1. Criterialofinfringement
7.7.2. Onusofproof
7.7.3. Modesofinfringement:thedoctrineofcolorableVariation
7.7.4. Defenseinsuitsofinfringement
Unit-8.Remedies
Unit-9.Intellectual property andremediesunderCriminal LawConsiderationof some
aspects of reform in the law of intellectual property
Unit-10.InformationTechnologyand exclusivemarketing rights

Paper–4.5–
LANDLAWSINCLUDINGTENUREANDTENANCYSYSTEM(OPT
IONAL –III)

Unit-1.Ownershipoflanddoctrineofeminentdomain
Unit-2.Doctrine of Escheat
Unit-3.Movementoflandreforms
3.1. Pre–independencepositionzamindarisettlements,ryotwarisettlement,mahalwari
system, intermediaries, absentee landlordism, large holdings
3.2. Postindependencereforms
3.2.1. AbolitionofZamindaries
3.2.2. Lawsrelationto abolitionof intermediaries
Unit-4.Laws relating to acquisition of property and government control and use
ofland, Land AcquisitionAct. 1894
Unit-
5.LawsrelatingtoceilingonlandholdingUnit-6.
6.1. Urbanlandceiling
6.2. Agriculturallandceiling
Unit-7.Laws relatingtotenancyreforms
7.1. Land to thetiller
7.2. Rentcontrolandprotectionagainsteviction
Unit-8.Lawsrelatingalienation/assignmentinscheduled areas

45
Unit-9.Lawsrelatingtograbbing
Unit-10.Forestlaws:Conservation ofForestAct

Paper–4.6
LAWOFINSURANCE(H.C.–IV)
OBJECTIVEOFTHE COURSE
The concept of insurance has significantly developed in the present post
privatization era.The study of insurance law has various dimensions.The
concepts like insurable interest, good faith criteria, remoteness of cause have
been very important in the area of insurance disputes.The IRDA, a new
regulatorhasframedvarioussignificantrulesforregulatingtheinsurancesector. The
objective of the course is to provide the students.
i. Toknowofthe legaldimensionsrelatingtoformationanddischargeof
insurance contracts.
ii. Tounderstandandappreciatetheaspectsofvariousinsurance contracts.
iii. Tolearntheredressalmechanismsavailablepertainingtotheinsurance sector.
Unit-1.INTRODUCTION
Meaning of concept of Insurance – Risk Management- Kinds of risks –
Insurable – Distinction between Insurance Assurance – Parties of Insurance.
Insuranceandcontract linkage –ExtentofapplicabilityofGeneralprinciplesof Law
of Contract viz., offer, acceptance, capacity of parties, consideration, consensus,
ad-idemand lawful object – Insurance and wager – Performance of insurance
contracts – Discharge of Insurance Contract.Necessity for applying special
principles of contract to Law of Insurance – Extent of applicability – Special
Principles:(a) Uberrimaefidae, (b) Indemnity,(c) Subrogation, (d) Contribution
(e) Proximate cause – Cover note and slip.
Unit-2.FIREINSURANCECONTRACT
Meaningoftheterm‘Fire’–Firepolicies–Perils insured –Fireclaims–Scope
ofapplicabilityofspecialprinciplesto contractoffire insurance–StandardFire
Policy – ‘Average’ in Fire Insurance Contract.
Unit-3.MARINEINSURANCECONTRACT
Significance ofMarine Insurance Contract –Maritime perils – Subject –Matter
covered byMarinePolicy– KindsofMarinepolicies – Scopeofapplicabilityof
special principles to contract of marine insurance – Principle of ‘change of
voyage’ and Deviation’ and therein related aspects – Total loss – Partial loss –
General average sacrifice and expenditure – Salvage – An over view of Marine
Insurance Act, 1963 with special reference to Bill of Lading and counter party.
Unit-4.LIFEINSURANCE CONTRACT
Introduction – Meaning of Life Insurance and its significance – Kinds of Life
policies–ExtentofapplicabilityofSpecialPrinciplestoLifeInsuranceContract
–‘Suicide’Clause inaLifePolicy–Assignment andnomination–Constitution,
powers and functions of L.I.C. under L.I.C. Act, 1956 – Ombudsman, IRDA.
Unit-5.MOTOR VEHICLEINSURANCE
Introduction – The Motor Vehicles Act, 1939 (as amended in 1988) –
CompulsoryThirdpartyInsuranceofMotor Vehicles–No–fault liability– Chapter
VIII A of the Act – Motor Accident Claims Tribunals.
Books Prescribed:
1. RaoulColinvarx –LawofInsurance
2. M.N. Srinivasan– LawofInsurance

46
 3. Srinivasan&Murthy–LawofInsurance
BooksforReference:
1. HardyIvany–LawofInsurance

V- SEMESTER
Paper–5.1
CIVILPROCEDURECODEANDLIMITATIONACT
Unit-1.INTRODUCTORY
1.1. ConceptsofCivilProcedureinIndiabeforetheadventoftheBritish Rule
1.2. EvolutionofCivilProcedurefrom1712to1901
1.3. PrinciplefeaturesoftheCivilProcedurecode
1.4. ImportanceofStateAmendments
1.5. Types of procedures – inquisitorial and adversary importance of observance
ofprocedure
Unit-2.SUITS
2.1. Conceptoflawssuit
2.2. OrderI, Partiestosuit
2.3. OrderII,Frameofsuit
2.4. OrderIV,Institutionofsuit
2.5. Barsand suit;DoctrinesofSubJudiceand Resjudicata
2.6. Placeofsuing (Sec.15,20)Territorialjurisdiction
2.7. ‘CauseofAction’andJurisdictionalbars
2.8. Summons(Sections27,28,31OrdersIV,VI,IX)
2.9. Serviceofforeignsummons(sec.29)
2.10. Power fororder(sec.30,orderXI)
Unit-3.PLEADINGS: (ORDERVI)
3.1. MaterialFacts
3.2. Forms ofpleading
3.3. Conditionprecedent
3.4. Presumptionsoflaw
3.5. Strikingout/amendment
Unit-4.PLAINT:ORDERVII
4.1. Particulars(esp. inmoneysuits/suits forimmovableproperty)
4.2. Showingdefendantsinterest and liability
4.3. GroundofLimitation
4.4. Return of plaint
4.5. Rejectionofplaint
4.6. Productionandlistingofdocuments
4.7. WrittenStatement
4.8. Counterclaim
4.9. Set off
4.10. Framingofissues
Unit-5.APPEARANCEANDEXAMINATION
5.1. Appearance
5.2. Exparteprocedure
5.3. Defaultofportion
5.4. Summoningandattendanceofwitnesses
47
 5.5. Examination
5.6. Admissions
5.7. Production, Importing, ReturnofDocuments
5.8. Hearing
5.9. Affidavit
5.10. Order XVII
5.11. Adjournments,judicialdiscretionandproblemsarrears
Unit-6.JUDGMENTANDDECREE
6.1. ConceptsofjudgmentdecreeandinterimOrdersandstay
6.2. Injunctions
6.3. AppointmentofCommissions, Receivers
6.4. Costs
Unit-7.EXECUTION(ORDERXXI)
7.1. Conceptof‘Execution’
7.2. GeneralPrinciplesofExecution
7.3. PowerforExecutionofDecrees (sec.38-46)
7.4. ProcedureforExecution(sec51-54)
7.5. Enforcement:ArrestandDetention(sec55-59)
7.6. Attachment(sec60-64)
7.7. Sale(sec65-67)
Unit-8.SUITSINPARTICULARCASES:

8.1. Suitsbyor againstGovernment(sec79-82)

8.2. Suitsbyaliensandbyor againstforeignRulersAmbassadors(Sec83,87(a))
8.3. Suitsrelatingtopublicmatters(sec 91,93)
8.4. Incidentalandsupplementaryproceedings (sec75-78,94-95)
8.5. Suitsbyoragainstminors,personswithunsound mind,indigentpersons etc.
8.6. Interpleadersuits
Unit-9.APPEALSANDCOMISSION
9.1. AppealsfromOriginalDecrees(sec.96-99A)andOrderXLI
9.2. AppealsfromAppellateDecrees(Sec 100-103)
9.3. AppealsfromOrders(sec 101-106)(Order XLIII)
9.4. GeneralProvisionsRelatingtoAppeals(sec107-108)
9.5. Appealsto theSupremeCourts (sec109)
9.6. TherationaleofCommissions
9.7. Order XXVI
9.8. Social-legalCommissionsofinquiryin:SocialActionor‘Public’InterestLitigation
Unit-10.LIMITATION
10.1. Conceptoflimitation-why limitation?
10.2. GeneralprinciplesofLimitation.
10.3. Extension-Sufficientcause-acknowledgement
10.4. LegalDisability-condonation-whencomestoanend?
10.5. LimitationActof1963(excludingSchedules)

PAPER-5.2
48
 Law of Crimes-II (BharatiyaNagarikSurakshaSanhita, 2023)
UNIT1:INTRODUCTORY
1.1 TherationaleofCriminalProcedure:TheimportanceofFairTrail
1.2 Constitutionalperspectives:Articles14,20and21
1.3 ThevarietyofCriminalproceduresand acomparativestudyofCodeofcriminal
Procedure and
BharatiyaNagarikSurakshaSanhita,2023.
1.4 TheorganizationofPolice,prosecutor,Defense,CounselandPrison
Authorities and their duties, functions and powers
1.5 Typesofprocedures-inquisitorialandAdvisory-importanceofobservanceof
procedure
Unit2:PRE–TRIALPROCESS:FIR
2.1 FIR(sec.173)
2.2 EvidentiaryvalueofFIR(sec.148,160ofBharatiyaNagarikSurakshaSanhita,
2023)
2.3 Pre–trialprocess:Magisterialpowertotakecognizance(sec.215-222)
UNIT3:PRE-TRIALPROCESSARREST:SEARCHANDSEIZURE
3.1 Thedistinctionbetweencognizableandnon-cognizableoffences:relevanceand
adequacy
3.2 Stepstoensureaccused’spresenceattrail:Warrant andsummonscases
3.3 Arrestwithandwithoutwarrant(sec72-75and35)
3.4 Theabsconder’sstatus(sec84-88)
3.5 Rightsto arrest
3.5.1 Rightstobeinformed ofthegroundsofarrest(sec.55,61,77)
3.6 Rightsto betakentotheMagistratewithoutdelay(sec57-58)

3.7 Rightsofnotbeingdetained for morethan24Hours(sec58Article22(2)ofthe

Constitution of India)
3.8 Rightstoconsultlegalpractitionerand legalaid
3.9 Rightstobeexaminedbyamedicalpractitioner(sec53)
3.10 Searchwarrant(sec.85,97,100,101)andSearcheswithout warrant(sec.108)
3.11 Policesearchduringinvestigation(sec.185,186)
3.12 GeneralPrinciplesofsearch (sec.103)
3.13 Seizure(sec.106,107)
3.14 Constitutionalaspectsofvalidityofsearchandseizureproceedings

Unit4:TRIALPROCESSANDFAIRTRIAL
4.1 Commencement ofproceedings(sec.223,224,225)
4.2 Dismissalofcomplaint(sec.226,227)
4.3 Bail
4.3.1 Bailableandnon–bailableoffences(sec.478,480,483)
4.3.2 Cancellationofbails(sec.480)
4.3.3 AnticipatoryBail(sec.482)
4.3.4 AppellateBailpowers– suspensionofsentence (sec.430,436,480)
4.3.5 GeneralPrinciplesconcerningbond(sec.485-496)
4.3.6 Constitutionalprinciplesregardingbail
4.4 Conceptionoffairtrialandprotectionofwitness(sec.398)
4.5 Presumptionofinnocence
4.6 Venueoftrial(sec.197-209)jurisdictionofcriminalcourts
4.7 Right ofaccused toknowtheaccusation(sec.244-247)
49
 4.8 Thetrialmustgenerallybeheldinaccused’spresence(sec.228,308,355, 356)
4.9 Rightofcrossexaminationandtoofferevidenceindefense
4.10 ConstitutionalinterpretationofArticle21asarighttospeedytrial
Unit5:CHARGE
5.1 Formandcontentofcharge (sec.234,235, 239)
5.2 Separatechargesfordistinct –offences(sec.241,242,243,244,246)
Unit6:PRELIMINARYPLEASTOBARTHETRIAL:
6.1 Jurisdiction(Sec.21,197-208,507,508,525)
6.2 Timelimitations–Rationaleandscope(sec.514, 519)
6.3 Pleasofautrefoisacquitandautrefoisconvict(sec.337,Art.22(d))
6.4 Issues–estoppel
Unit7:TRIALBEFOREACOURTOFSESSION
Proceduralstepsandsubstantiverightsundersec.249-259

Unit8: JUDGEMENT
8.1 Formandcontent(sec.393)
8.2 Summarytrial(sec.283-288)
8.3 Post convictionordersinlieuofpunishments;emergingpanelpolicy(sec.401,402, 25)
8.4 Compensationandcost (sec.395,399)
8.5 Modesofprovidingjudgment(sec.392,403,404)
Unit9:APPEALSAND REVISION
9.1 Noappealincertaincases(sec.413,416,417)
9.2 Therationaleofappeals,review,revisions
9.3 Themultiplerangeofappellateremedies
9.3.1 SupremeCourtofIndia(sec.415,420,Articles132,134)
9.3.2 HighCourt(sec.415)
9.3.3 SessionsCourt(sec.415)
9.3.4.Specialrighttoappeals(Sec.421)
9.3.5 Governmentalappealagainstsentencing(sec.418,419)
9.3.6 Judicialpowerindisposalofappeals (sec.188)
9.3.7 Legalaidinappeals
9.4 Mercypetitionindeathsentencescase(sec.472,Art.72,Art.161)
Unit 10: PROBATION AND PAROLE AND PROCEDURE UNDER
PORBATIONOFOFFENDERSACTANDSPECIALPROCEDURES IN
CRIMINAL MATTERS
10.1 Problemsand principles
10.2 Suspensionofsentence
10.3 Meaning ofParole
10.4 Authoritygrantingparole
10.5 Supervision
10.6 Conditionalrelease
10.7 ProcedureunderJuvenileJusticeAct.
10.8 JuvenileJusticesystem
10.9 Treatmentandrehabilitationofjuveniles
10.10 Juvenile–adultcrimes
10.11 Protectionjuvenileoffenders,legislativeandjudicialrole
10.12 Conceptofjuvenile delinquency
BooksRecommended:
 Taxmann’s:BharatiyaNagarikSurakshaSanhita,2023

50
 CommentaryonBharatiyaNagarikSurakshaSanhita,2023byK.
Sudhakar, Superintendent. Of Police(rtd) [by Asia Law House]
 The BharatiyaNagarikSurakshaSanhita, 2023Varun Soni, IRS
[Lawmann’sPublication]MasterGuidetonewCriminalLawbyC.H
MalhalRao,DeputyCommissionerofPolice(Rtd),PublishedbyAsia
Law House
 Taxmann’sbooksonNewCriminalLaw
 R.VKelker:LecturesonCriminalProcedurecode
 S.N.Mishra:CriminalProcedure Code
 RatanlalandDhirajLal:CriminalProceduralCode,Wadhwa&Co.

51
 Paper – 5.3

( BHARATIYA SAKSHYA ADHINIYAM, 2023)

Unit1: INTRODUCTORY
1.1 ConceptionsofevidenceinclassicalHinduandIslamic Jurisprudence
1.2 EvidenceinCustomaryLawSystems(Non– statelaw)
1.3 TheintroductionoftheBritish‘Principles’ofevidence
1.4 ThemainfeaturesoftheBharatiyaSakshyaAdhiniyam,2023.
1.5 TheObjectandReasonstotheBharatiyaSakshyaAdhiniyam,2023.
1.6 ThecomparativestudyofIndianEvidenceAct,1872andBharatiyaSakshya
Adhiniyam,2023.
1.7 Other Acts. Which deal with evidence (special reference to CPC,
BharatiyaNagarikSurakshaSanhita, CentralAct. SuchasBanker’sBookEvidence
Act., Fiscal and Revenue Laws etc.,
1.8 ProblemofApplicabilityofBharatiyaSakshyaAdhiniyam,2023.
1.8.1 AdministrativeAreas
1.8.2 AdministrativeTribunals
1.8.3 IndustrialTribunals
1.8.4 CommissionsofEnquiry
1.8.5 Court–martial
1.8.6 NeedforindustrialTribunals,CommissionsofEnquiry,CourtMartial,Unfair
means ofexamination, Arbitration, Disciplinary proceedings
Unit 2: CENTRAL CONCEPTIONS IN THE BHARATIYA SAKSHYA
ADHINIYAM, 2023
2.1 Facts:Sec.2;Definitions,distinction(DistinctionbetweenFactsinissueand
relevancyof Facts).
2.2 Evidence:Oralanddocumentary–PrimaryandSecondaryevidence
2.3 CircumstantialEvidence,Direct EvidenceandHearsayevidence
2.4 Presumption(sec.2)
2.5 ‘Proved’,’Disproved’andNotProved.
2.6 Witness
2.7 AppreciationofEvidence
Unit3:RELEVANCY OFFACTS
3.1 The DoctrineofResGestae(sec.4,5,6,7)
3.2 EvidenceofCommonIntention(sec.8)
3.3 Theproblemsofrelevancyof‘Otherwise’IrrelevantbecomeRelevant Facts
(sec.9)
3.4 Relevantfactsforproofofcustom(sec.11)
3.5 Factsconcerningbodiesand stateofmind(sec.12&13)
Unit 4:ADMISSIONSANDCONFESSIONS
4.1 GeneralprinciplesconcerningAdmissions(sec.15-21)
4.2 Differences between ‘Admission’ and ‘Confession’ The problems of non –
admissibility of confessions
4.3 Confession Caused by inducement, threat coercion or promise (sec. 22)
Inadmissibility of Confession made before a Police Officer (sec.23(1)).
Admissibility of ‘Custodial’ Confessions (sec 23(2)) Admissibility of
‘information’ received from an accused Person in custody; with special
reference to the problem of discovery based on ‘Joint statement’ (sec. 23(2))
4.4 ConfessionbyCo–accused(sec.24)
52
 4.5 The problems with the judicial action based on a ‘Retracted
Confession’Unit5:
DYINGDECLARATIONOTHERSTATEMENTSBYPERSONS WHO CAN
NOTBE CALLED AS WITNESSES
5.1 Thejustificationforrelevanceondyingdeclaration(sec. 26)
5.2 The judicialstandards forappreciationofevidentiaryvalueofdying
declarations
5.3 GeneralPrinciples (sec.27).
Unit6:RELEVANCEOF JUDGMENTS
6.1 Generalprinciples (sec.34–38)
6.2 AdmissibilityofJudgmentsincivilandcriminalmatters(sec.37)
6.3 ‘Fraudand“Collusion”(sec.38)
Unit7:EXPERT TESTIMONY
7.1 GeneralPrinciples(sec.39-44)
7.2 WhoisanExpert?TypesofExpertEvidence
7.3 OpiniononRelationshipespeciallyproofofmarriage(sec.44)
7.4 TheProblemsofJudicialdefensetoexperttestimony
Unit 8:ORALAND DOCUMENTARY EVIDENCE
8.1 GeneralPrinciplesconcerningoralevidence(sec.54,55)
8.2 Generalprinciples concerning documentaryEvidence including Electronic or
DigitalRecord (sec. 61, 65-92)
8.3 GeneralPrinciplesRegardingExclusionoforalbyDocumentary
Evidence(sec.95)
8.4 SpecialproblemsregardingHearsayEvidence(sec.55)
8.5 EstoppelinrelationtooralandDocumentaryEvidence(sec.121-123)
Unit9:WITNESSES, EXAMINATIONANDCROSS EXAMINATION
9.1 CompetencytoTestify(sec.124)
9.2 StatePrivilege (sec.129)
9.3 ProfessionalPrivilege(sec.132,133)
9.4 ApproverTestimony(sec.138)
9.5 GeneralPrinciplesofExamination(sec.140–168)
9.6 LeadingQuestions(sec.146)
9.7 LawfulQuestionsinCrossExamination(sec.149)
9.8 Compulsiontoanswerquestionsputtowitness(sec.150, 156)
9.9 HostileWitness(sec.157)
9.10 Impeachingofthestandingorcredit ofwitness(sec.158)
Unit10:BURDENOF PROOFANDESTOPPEL
10.1 TheGeneralandSpecialExceptionstoProbandi (sec.104)
10.2 GeneralandSpecialExceptions to OnusProbandi(sec.105)
10.3 The justificationofpresumptionsoftheDoctrineofJudicialNotice(sec.119)
10.4 Justificationasto presumptionasto certainoffence(sec.117)
10.5 PresumptionsastoDowryDeath(sec.118)
10.6 TheScopeofthe Doctrine ofJudicialNotice (sec.119)
10.7 WhyEstoppel?IntroductionastotheRationale(sec.121-123))
10.7.1 Estoppel,ResjudicataandWaiver:andPresumption
10.7.2 EstoppelasamatterofSilence
10.7.3 EstoppelbyDeed
10.7.4 EstoppelinPais
10.7.5 EquitableandpromissoryEstoppel
10.8 Questionsofcorroboration(sec.159,160);Accomplice
53
 10.9 Improperadmissionandofwitnessincivilandcriminalcases(sec.169)
11. LAW REFORMS

BOOKS RECOMMENDED
1. BharatiyaSakshyaAdhiniyam,2023byAdv.Saurabhkansal&Prof.
VageshwariDeswal (Taxmann’s Publication).
2. BharatiyaSakshyaAdhiniyam,2023(BareAct)
3. CommentaryonBharatiyaSakshyaAdhiniyam,2023byK.Sudhakar,MA,LL.BSupt
d. ofPolice(Rtd.), Published by Asia Law House.
4. TheBharatiyaSakshyaAdhiniyam, 2023byVarunSoni,IRS
(LAWMANN’SPublication)
5. MasterguidetoNewCriminalLawsbyCHMalhalRao,Deputy
Commissioner ofPolice(Rtd.) Published by Asia Law House.
6. Taxmann’shandbookonNewCriminal Laws.
7. BatukLal: The law ofEvidence,CentralLawagency,Allahabad.
8. VepaP.Saradhi:LawofEvidence,Easternbookcompany,Lucknow.
9. MMonir:PrincipleandDigestofthe lawofEvidence,Universal Book
agency,Allahabad.

Paper–5.4
PRIVATEINTERNATIONALLAW(H.C–V)
OBJECTIVEOFTHECOURSE:

In this 21st century, Liberalisation, Privatisation and Globalization (LPG) work

beyond national barriers.The course creates an understanding on the conflict of
laws under various legal systems pertaining to jurisdiction, marriage, divorce,
adoption, maintenance,property.Thecoursealso coverstortsandcontractslaws. The
course also covers enforcement of foreign judgments and arbitral awards.

Unit-1.
Introduction – Scope of Private International Law – Theories of Private
InternationalLaw –Conflict ofLaworPrivateInternationalLaw –Codification
ofPrivateInternationalLaw –HagueConventions–DistinctionbetweenPublic
International Law and Private International Law.
Unit-2.
Jurisdiction–ChoiceofLaw –Domicile–Residence–Renvoi–Forum
Convinience.
Unit-3.
CasesinvolvingPrivateInternationalLaw –Marriage–Divorce–Adoption–
Guardianship and Maintenance.
Unit-4.
Contract –NegotiableInstruments–e-contracts–PrivateInternationalLaw Relating
to Corporations – Jurisdiction over Corporations – Insolvency Jurisdiction and
effects of Foreign insolvency proceedings.
Unit-5.
Enforcement ofForeignJudgementsandDecrees –EnforcementofForeign
54
A bitralAwards – Evidence and Procedure –StayofProceeding – Proofof
r Foreign Laws.
Books Prescribed:
1. v.c.Govindaraj–TheconflictofLawinIndia.
2. ParasDiwan–PrivateInternationalLaw.
3. Setalvad–ConflictofLaws.
Books for Reference :
1. Cheshire,NorthandFawchett–PrivateInternationalLaw

55
 PAPER–5.5
WOMENANDCRIMINALLAW(H.C – VI)

Objectives:
It is now for centuries that the women in India have suffered in the society. Even
after 50 years of Adoption of the Constitution, for women, equality with man appears to
be a distant mirage to be reached. Effective political representation of women in
Legislature and other forums too has become a difficult proposition to be acceptable.
Breach of her personality, through various forms of violence, too has not subsided. The
course will study, what are the legal provisions enacted to ameliorate theses situations
with specialemphasis on Indian Municipal Law and what is the scope and shortcomings
in the existing legal regime in this regard.
Unit-1.
WomeninPre-Constitution Period:
SocialandLegalInequality;socialreformmovement inIndia;Legislature response
in India.
Women&childreninPost-ConstitutionPeriod.
Provisions Of Constitution of India
Preamble,Art.14,15,23,and Part IV
LegalMeasuresinrelatingtoChildLabour Women
and Political Representation.

Unit-2.
DifferentPersonal Laws-UnequalPositionofIndianWomen-Uniform civilcode;
Sex Inequality in Inheritance Rights: Right of Inheritance by birth for sons and not for
Daughters; Inheritance under Christian Law; Inheritance under Muslim Law;
Matrimonial Property Law; Right of women to be Guardian of her minor sons and
daughters.
Unit-3.
Law of Divorce-Christian Law-Discriminatory Provision; Muslim Law-
Inheritance divorce.Women and social Legislature: Dowry Prohibition Law; Sex
Determination Test, Law relating to Prevention of Immoral Trafficking in Women Act.
Unit-4.
Women and Criminal Law: Adultery; Rape; Outraging the Modesty of women;
Kidnapping; Sati Prohibition Law; Law relating to Domestic Violence; Law relatingEve-
Teasing; Indecent Representation of Women Act.
Unit-5.
Women and Employment: Factories Act- Provisions relating to women;Maternity
Benefit Act; Equal Remuneration Act; Law Relating to Sexual Harassment at working
place; N.C.W-Aims, Functions and Performance.

PrescribedBooks:

56
 1. Induprakashsingh-Women,LawandSocialChangeinIndia.
2. ParasDewan-Dowryand protectiontoMarried Women.
3. S.P.Sathe-TowardsGender Justice.
4. DwarkaNathMitter-PositionofWomen inHinduLaw.
5. ShaukatNasir-MuslimWomenandtheir Rights.

Referencematerial:
1. RelevantprovisionalofConstitutionofIndia.
2. RelevantProvisionsofIndianPenalCode.
3. S.125,CriminalProcedureCode.
4. NationalCommissionon WomenAct,1990.
5. MatrimonialProperty-PrivateMembersBillIntroducedinparliament.
6. TowardsEquality-
ReportofCommitteeonthestatusofWomen(Govt.ofIndia)
ChapterIVandsectionIV.GeneralConclusionsandRecommendations.

Paper –
5.6BANKINGLA
W
(OptionalPaper– IV)
Unit 1: THE NATURE AND DEVELOPMENT OF BANKING
1.1 History of Banking in India – Evolution
1.2 Constitutional perspectives – Union list entries 36,37, 38,43,44,45 And 46 State list, entry 30 of List ii
Unit 2: RELATIONSHIP OF BANKER AND CUSTOMER
2.1 Banker, banking business, meaning of customer, types of accounts 2.2 Contract between
banker and Customer, general relation, legal relation, their rights and duties
2.3 Banker’s Lien
2.4 Banking instruments, bank notes, banker drafts, deposit receipts, Letter of credit, indemnities,
traveler’s cheques, postal order, Dividend warrants, bonds
Unit 3: LAW RELATING TO BANKING COMPANIES IN INDIA
3.1 The Banking Companies Act. 1949, Extent and application, business of Banking companies, control
and management by reserve bank, suspension of business and winding up of banking companies,
special provisions for speedy disposal of winding up of proceedings
3.2 The Banking Regulation Act. 1948, extent and application business of Banking companies, provisions
for winding up
3.3 Reserve Bank of India Act. 1934 characteristics, and functions, objectives legal status and
organizational structure, functions such as; banking, Currency, banker to government, exchange
control over non - banking companies and supervision of other banks (see sections 17,18 and 42)
3.4 Co – operative banking law: Banking Regulation (Co- operative Societies) Rules, 1966 – Co –operative
Credit Society Act. 1904 and 1970
Unit 4: PROCEDURAL ASPECTS IN BANKING SECTOR
4.1 Subsidiary business operations of bankers with special reference to safety deposit lockers –
Vicarious liabilities of the bank employees – Vicarious liabilities of the bank.
4.2 Employment of Funds – Loans and advances – Guarantees – Advances secured by
collateral securities – Agency services – Financing of exports – Special banking services –
Advances to priority sectors and credit guarantee schemes.
4.3 Recovery of Loans and advances – Recovery of debt dues to banks, financial institutions Act
1993
4.4 Banking Ombudsman.
57
 4.5 Debit recovery tribunal – The sick industrial companies (special provisions) act, 1985.
4.6 SARFAESI Act, 2002 – Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016.
Unit 5: NATIONALISATION OF BANKS:
5.1 Banking Companies (Acquisition and Transfer of undertaking) Act. 1969 and 1970
5.2 Legislative competence for nationalization: Entries 43, 44 and 45 of List – I Entry 42 of List – III,
Entry 7 and 52 of List – I, Entries 24, 26, 27 of List – II, 33 of List – III: Entries 54, 56 of List – I:
Articles 19(1) (f), 19(5), 31, 31 (1)
5.3 Banks before and after nationalization: growth, assets and liabilities, efficiency and profitability,
recovery frauds in banks, bank robberies
Unit:6: FEMA 1999
6.1. Regulation & Management of Foreign Exchange
6.2. Authorized Person
6.3 Contraventions and penalties
6.4. Adjudication and appeal
6.5. Directorate of Enforcement.
Unit 7: LAW RELATING TO NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENTS:
Negotiable Instruments Act. 1881
7.1 Meaning, Kinds of negotiable instruments, promissory notes
7.2 Bills of exchange, holder, holder in due course, parties
7.3 Negotiation, presentiment, discharge from liability
7.4 Dishonor, noting and payment for honor cheques, crossing of cheques, pledge land II stocks, shares,
life policies, documents of title to goods, guarantee and hypothecation
Unit 8: REFORMS IN INDIAN BANKING LAW: The Indian banking commission and banking laws,
committee of Government of India, A review of their Recommendations
Unit 9: MODERN BANKING AND GLOBALISATION OF BANKING SECTOR
9.1 E-Banking – Internet Banking – Mobile Banking, ATM Banking – Clearing System – RTGS – NEFT
– IFSC – ATM – CBS – CTS – E-Cheque Authentication.
9.2 Globalisation of Banks – Banks as Investors – Banks and Mutual Fund – Banks in Stock exchange
– QIB – FII -FDI – International Banking Management – Forex Market – Legal Disputes and
settlement.
9.3 Cybercrimes and Banking Frauds – Cyber Evidences – Legal Regime to control banking
frauds.
BOOKS RECOMMENDED FOR STUDY
1 Sheldon, Law of Banking
2 Tunner, Law of Banking
3 Gulati, Banking Companies Act.
4 Maheswari, Banking Law and Practice
5 Ravi. R Mehta, Fundamentals of Banking
6 Promod Kumar Mukherjee, Modern Banking Theory
7 S.G.Panandikar, Banking in India
8 M.L. Tannan – Law of Banking.
9 M.S. Parthasarathy (Ed.), Khergamvala – Negotiable Instruments Act. 10 Justice
Bhaghabati Prasad Banerjee – Guide to securitisation and Reconstruction of Financial
Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest Act, 2002.
11 Avtar Singh – Negotiable Instruments Act.
12 Basu – Review of Current Banking: Theory and Practise. Paget – Law of Banking. 13
Banking and Insurance Law and Practice, Institute of Company Secretaries of India,
Taxmann Publishers, 2010.
14 M.N. Mishra, Law of Insurance, Central Law Agency, 9 Edition, 2012.
th

58
 PAPER–5.7
MEDIALAWWITHRTIACT

(OPTIONALPAPER– V)
Unit-1.Massmedia–Typesof–PressFilms,Radio Television.Ownershippatterns – Press –
Private – Public, Ownership patterns – Films – Private, Ownership Patterns –
Radio & Television, Public, Difference between visual and non – visual media
– impact on peoples minds.
Unit-2.Press –FreedomofspeechandExpression–Articles129(1)(a):
IncludesFreedomofthepress,Lawsofdefamation,obscenity, blasphemyand
sedition, Law relating to employees wages and service conditions, Priceand
pageScheduleRegulation,Newsprint andControlOrder,Advertisement –isit
includedwithinfreedomofspeechandexpression?PressandtheMonopolies and
Restrictive Trade Practices Act
Unit-3.Films -How far included in freedom of speech and expression? Censorship of
films–Constitutionally,TheAbbasCase,Difference betweenfilmsandpress – Why
Pre censorship valid for films but not for the press? Censorship under the
cinematography Act.
Unit-4.RadioandTelevision–GovernmentMonopoly;WhyGovernmentdepartment?
Should there be an autonomous corporation? Effect of television on people.
Report of the Chanda Committee, Government Policy, Commercial
advertisement, internalsecurityofserials, etc.judicialReviewofDoordarshan
decisions: Freedom to telecast.
Unit-5.ConstitutionalRestrictions;Radio andtelevisionsubject tolawofdefamationand
obscenity, Powerto legislate – Article246 read withtheseventhschedule, Power
toimpose tax – licensing and license fee.
Unit-6.Right to Information: Development of RTI in India
Unit-7.Right to Information Act , 2005; its implementation
Unit-8.Right toInformationDecisions;DecisionsofJudiciary
Unit-9.RTI andDecisionsofChiefCentralInformationcommissionsandState Information
Commission under the RTI Act, 2005.
Unit-10.LawReformsinIndia

BooksRecommended:
1. M.P.Jain, ConstitutionalLawofIndia(1994)Wadhwa.
2. H.M.Seervai,ConstitutionalLawofIndiaVol.1.(199)Tripathi,Bombay.
3. RajeevDhavan“OnthelawofthePressinIndia”26JI.L/288(1984).
4. RajeevDhavan,“LigitimatingGovernmentRehtoric:Reflectionsonsome
Aspects of the Second Press commission “ 26 J. L /391 (1984)
5. SoilSorabjee,LawofpersonCensorshipinIndia(1976).
6. JusticeE.S.Venkatramaiah,FreedomofPress:someRecentTrends (1984)
7. D.D.Basu,TheLaw ofPressofIndia (1980)
8. RighttoInformationAct,2005,SPSathe,2006.
9. Right toInformationinIndia,SoluNigam

59
 Paper–5.8
PROBATION,PAROLEANDPRISONADMINISTRATION
Syllabus:
Unit1: Probation
1.1 DefinitionofProbation
1.2 ObjectofProbation
1.3 OriginofProbationsystemIndia

Unit :2 :
2.1 ProbationinUSA
2.2 ProbationinUK
2.3 ProbationunderCriminalProcedureCode(S.360)
2.4 TheProbationofOffender’sAct,1958

Unit3:Parole
3.1 DefinitionofParole
3.2 Object of Parole
3.3 Origin of Parole in India

Unit:
4.1 ParoleinUSA
4.2 ParoleinU.K.
4.3 JudicialTrends
4.4 DifferencesbetweenParoleand Probation

Unit5: EssentialsofParoleSystem
5.1 ParoleBoard
5.2 ConditionofParole system
Unit6:PrisonAdministration
6.1 PrisoninIndia
6.2 RoleofPrisonin ModernPenology
6.3 SelfGovernmentinPrison
6.4 ThePrisonCommunityandClassificationofPrisoners
Unit 7:ProblemsinPrison
1.1 OvercrowdinginPrison
1.2 PrisonDiscipline
1.3 Prisoner’sHealth
1.4 CriminalityinPrison
Unit8:PrisonReforms
8.1 IndianJailReformCommittee,1919‐20
Unit9: JudicialMandates
9.1 JudicialMandates forPrisonersand Detainees
9.2 JudicialMandatesfor GeneralAdministrationofPrisons
9.3 TheRepatriationofPrisonersAct,2003

Unit10: InternationalPenalandPenitentiaryCommissionandPrisonReforms
10.1TheRepatriationofPrisonersAct,2003

RecommendedBooks:

60
1. N.V.Paranjape,Criminologyand Penology
2. Sutherland,PrinciplesofCriminology
3. Siddiqui,Criminology
4. Sethna,SocietyandCriminal
5. Jones,CrimeandPenalSystem
6. HowardJones:Paulcornes’sOpenPrisons
7. LouisP.Carney:IntroductiontoCorrectionalScience,2nded
8. CarterandWilkins:Probation,ParoleandCommunity
9. RelevantProvisionsofthefollowingActs/Rules
Prisoners Act, 1900
PrisonersAct,1984
BostalAct,1926
TheGoodConductPrisonersProbationalReleaseAct, 1926and1927

61
 Paper–5.9(a)
LOCALSELFGOVERNMENTINCLUDINGPANCHAYETADMINISTRATION

Unit-1.ConceptandDevelopment
Democraticdecentralization-Grassrootdemocracy
Historical perspective
EarlyPeriod
GramSwaraj: TheGandhianConcept
BalwantRajMehataCommitteerecommendations
Ashok Mehata Committee Report
The73rdand74thConstitutionalAmendment

Unit-2.ConstitutionalScheme
Directive Principles: Article 40
PartIXoftheConstitutionofIndia
ConstitutionandCompositionofPanchayats
Power,AuthorityandResponsibilitiesofPanchayats Financial
Powers
Levying Taxes
LicensingPower
FinancialResourcesandPowers Elections
to the Panchayat
PartIXAofthe ConstitutionofIndia
ConstitutionandCompositionoftheMunicipalities
Power,AuthorityandResponsibilitiesoftheMunicipalities
Financial powers
Levying Taxes
LicensingPower
FinancialResourcesandPowers Elections
to the Municipalities

Unit-3.StateLawrelatingto LocalSelfGovernment
The A.P. Municipal Act,
1965TheA.P.PanchayatRajAct,19
94.
Unit-4.JudicialandQuasi-judicialPowersofthe LocalBodies
Pre-litigationconciliationbyPanchayat
Unit-5.WorkingofLocalSelfGovernment.

Suggested Readings
1. Dr. J.N.Pandey ConstitutionLaw ofIndia
2. V.N.Shukla ConstitutionLawofIndia
3. M.P.JainIndian Constitution
4. BasantiLalBabel ConstitutionofIndia

62
 Paper –
5.9(b)WHITECOLLARCR
IME
Unit-1.
EmergenceofWhiteCollarCrime
ConceptandNatureofWhiteCollar Crimes
Sutherlands,viewonwhitecollarcrimesandit’sanalysis
Unit-2.
CausesofWhitecollarcrimes
DistinguishbetweenwhitecollarandBluecollarcrimes Courts
and White collar crimes in India
Unit-3.
WhitecollarcrimesinIndia
HoardingBlack marketingandAdulteration
WhitecollarcrimesincertainProfessions–MedicalProfession,Legal profession, Educational
institutions, Engineering.
Whitecollar crimes inbusinessdeals.
FakeEmploymentPlacementRockets
Remedial Measures
Unit-4.
Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988
Objects and reasons of the Act,
Definition–Publicduty,PublicServant
Powertoappointspecialjudges,casetriablebyspecialjudges,procedureand powers of
special judges.
Offences and penalties – Public servant taking gratification other than legal
remuneration in respect of an official Act, Criminal misconduct by a Public
Servant.
Suggested Readings:
1. MaheshChandra : Socio-EconomicCrimes
2. MarshalB.Clinard : CrimeinDevelopingCountries
3. N.V.Pranjape : Criminologyand Penology.
4. PreventionofCorruptionAct,1988
5. 47thReportofLawCommissioninIndia.
6. TrialandPunishmentofSocio-EconomicOffences.
Annual Report Criminal Law Review
VI- SEMESTER
Paper –
6.1PRACTICALTRAINING–I
DRAFTING,PLEADINGANDCONVEYANCING
A DRAFTING:
GeneralPrinciplesofdraftingandrelevant
substantive rules shall be taught.

B PLEADINGS:
1 CIVIL
1 :Plaint
63
 2 :Writtenstatement
3 :InterlocutoryApplication
4 :OriginalPetition
5 :Affidavit
6 :ExecutionPetition
7 :MemorandumPetition
8 :PetitionunderArticles226and 32oftheConstitutionofIndia
2 CRIMINAL
1 :Complaints
2 :CriminalMiscellaneousPetition
3 :BailApplicationand
3.Memorandumofappealandrevision

C CONVEYANCING:
1 :Sale Deed
2 :MortgageDeeds
3 :LeaseDeed
4 :GiftDeed
5 :PromissoryNote
6 :Powerofattorney
7 :Will
Draftingandpleadingswillinclude15exercisesandcarries45Marks, conveyancing
will include 15 exercises and carries 45 Marks.
These30exercisesshallberecorded.
Eachstudent shallbeservedwithdifferent Problemsforthepurposeof
exercise.

Paper–6.2
PRACTICALTRAINING–II
PROFESSIONALETHICSANDACCOUNTINGSYSTEM
Unit-1.
1.1. Lawandlegalprofession–developmentoflegalprofessioninIndia
1.2. Righttopractice–arightorprivilege?Constitutionalguaranteeunderarticle19
(g)anditsscope
Unit-2.
2.1. Regulationgoverningenrolmentandpractice.Practiceoflaw–Whethera business?
2.2. Solicitorsfirm–whetherandindustry
2.3. Elements ofadvocacy

Unit-3.ETHICS
3.1. evenlampsofadvocacy
3.2. Advocatesdutiestowardspublic,clients,court,towardsotheradvocatesand legal aid
3.3. BarCouncilcodeofethics

Unit-4.DISCIPLINARYPROCEEDINGS:
4.1. Professionalmisconduct–disqualifications
4.2. FunctionsofBarCouncilofIndia/StateBarCouncilsindealingwithdisciplinary
proceedings
4.3. Disciplinarycommittee
64
 4.4. Disqualificationandremovalfromrolls
*50 Selected opinions of the Disciplinary Committee of Bar Councils And 10 major
judgments of the Supreme Court on the subject to be Covered

Unit-5.Bar–Benchrelations

Unit-6.ACCOUNTANCYOFLAWYER
6.1. Natureandfunctionsofaccounting
6.2. Importantbranchesofaccounting
6.3. Accountingand law
6.4. Use of knowledge of accountancy in legaldisputesespecially arising out of law of
contracts, tax law etc.
6.5. Accountancyinlawyersoffice/firm
6.5.1. Basicfinancialstatements
* Income&Lossaccounts
* Balancesheet–interpretationthereof
 FeatureofBalancesheet
6.5.2. Standardcosting

Paper –
6.3PRACTICALTRAINING–III
ALTERNATIVEDISPUTERESOLUTION
AlternativeDisputeResolution(ADR)paperisbywrittenexaminationfor50marksand for50
marks , a student is required to participate and learn

 Negotiationskills
 Conciliationskills
 Arbitrationalpracticeincluding internationalarbitrationalandarbitrationrules
bysimulationprogrammesandcasestudiestobeconductedbyeither bya legal
practioner or a senior teacher.
 ThethirdcomponentofthispaperwillbeVivaVoceexaminationonallthe above
two aspects. This will carry 10 marks

Unit-1.Judicial dispute resolutions ; Characteristics, Operation Principles, Party

participation and Control Short focus on issue, Reasoned Decision, Finality,
Adversary Process, whatcourse do and do not do effectively? Advantagesand
Disadvantages of such resolution.

Unit-2.Alternative dispute resolution , Alternative to formal adjudication –Techniques

processes, Unilateral – Bilateral – Triadic(Third party)Intervention,Advantages –
Limitations, Distinction betweenarbitration – conciliation and negotiation,
Distinction betweenjudicial settlement and alternative dispute resolution.

Unit-3.Self help, avoidance and lumping Negation mediation ,conciliational,arbitration

anddistinctionsinbetweenAlternatemodelsindisputeresolutions, Roleof Panchayat,
Role of GramaSabhas, Lokpal, LokAdalats, Family Courts,

65
Unit-4.TheArbitrationandconciliationAct,1996.BackgroundoftheAct, Definitionsof
“Arbitration”,“Arbitrator”, Arbitrationagreement”, Appointmentof “Arbitrator”,
grounds for changing the arbitrator, termination of Arbitrator.

Unit-5.Proceedings in arbitral tribunals and enforcement of awards, ArbitralAward

TerminationofProceedings,Settingasideofarbitralaward, Finality andEnforcement,
Appeals, enforcement of foreign awards, New York and Geneva Convention
Awards.

Unit-6.Section89andO-10,R-1-ABandCofCPCConciliation,Meaning
anddefinitionconciliationagreement,appointmentofconciliator,powersandfunction
ofconciliator,techniquesofsuccessfulconciliation proceedings,enforceability.

Unit-7.OtherAlternative modalsofdisputeresolution, FamilyCourts,FamilyCourts Act,

1984,family council ling techniques, Tribunals, Motor Accent.
Unit-8.Tribunals,MVAct,relevantprovisions,AdministrativeTribunals,Consumer Forms.
Unit-9.LegalServicesAuthority
Unit-10.RoleofNGO’sinDisputeresolutions.

Paper –
6.4PRACTICALTRAINING–IV
MOOTCOURTEXERCISEANDINTERNSHIP
Thispaperwillhavethreecomponentsof 30 markseachandviva voiceis10marks

MOOTCOURT(30MARKS
)REQUIREMENTS:
1. ThreeMootCourtsintheyear
2. 10Marksforeach
3. TheMootCourtshallbebasedonassignedproblemtobepreparedbythe faculty
Concerned.
4. Evaluationbyprincipal/ headconcerned,anadvocateandteacherconcernedOut of
10 Marks allotted for each problem 5 Marks are to be allotted for written
Submission and 5 Marks for oral advocacy
a. Writtensubmissionshallincludebriefsummaryoffacts,issuesinvolved
provisions of land agreements, citation, prayer etc.
b. Marksfororaladvocacymaybeawardedforcommunicationsskills,
presentation, language, provisions of law, authorities quoted, court
manners etc.

B OBSERVANCE OF TRIAL in two cases, one Civilcase minimum and recordhis

observations step by step of different stages of litigations/ proceedings in the2/3
years of 3 years law course of 4/5 year in 5years law course

C INTERVIEWINGTECHNIQUESANDPRE- TRIAL PREPARATIONS

(30
Marks
66
 )REQUIREMENTS:

1. Eachstudent hasto maintainadairytorecordInteractionwithclients,

preparation of documents and court papers

2. The students should observe two interviewing sessions with clients at

lawyersoffice/legalAidOfficethisshallberecordedinthedairywhich
willcarry15Marks
3. Eachstudent willfurtherobservethepreparationofdocumentsandcourt
paper and record such observance in the dairy. This carries 7.5 Marks
4. Eachstudent shallobservetheprocedureforfillingthepetitionandrecord the
same in the dairy. This carries 7.5 Marks
5. The dairyshallclearly indicatethe datesonwhich the above observations
aremadeandshallbeauthenticatedbytheadvocateconcernedEvaluation of
the above dairy shall be made by the teacher concerned and the advocate
6. Thereshallbeaviva–voceexaminationsalltheabovethreecomponents. This
carries 10 Marks

Paper–6.5
PENOLOGYANDVICTIMOLOGY
(OptionalPaper–VI)
Unit-1.DimensionsofCrimein India,Natureandextent ofCrimein India
1.1. ReportingofCrimeStatisticsandproblemof accuratereportingofCrime
1.2. VictimStudies,self– reporting
1.3. CostsofCrime,somefactorsfor evaluatingtherateofcrimeinIndia-
1.4. Territory:Population:Heterogeneity:Humanvalues
1.5. Generalapproachestocrime control
1.6. Continentalapproaches:Socialdefense
1.7. Socialapproaches:CrimePreventControl
1.8. Crimesofthepowerful, Organizedcrime-smuggling,trafficin narcotics
1.9. Whitecollarcrime:- corruptioninpubliclife, Socio
1.10. Economiccrime:AdulterationofFoodandDrugs:fraudulenttrade practices
1.11. Crimesintheprofessions–Medical, LegalEngineering
1.12. State Criminality
1.13. Perpetratorsofordinarycrime
1.14. Thesituationcriminal
1.15. Thechronicoffender
1.16. CriminalityofWomen
1.17. Youngoffenders
1.18. Criminalgangs
1.19. Crimesofthe marginalizedwithspecialreferencetoi. Forestoffences;ii. States
offenders, vagrants, prostitution.

Unit-2.ThePolice andtoCriminalJustice
2.1. ThePoliceSystem
2.2. StructuralorganizationofPoliceat thecenterand thestates
2.3. Modeofrecruitmentand training
2.4. Powersanddutiesofpoliceunder thepoliceacts
2.5. CriminalProcedure Codeandotherlaws
67
 2.6. Arrest,searchandseizureandConstitutionalimperatives
2.7. Methodsofpoliceinvestigation
2.8. Thirddegree methods,Corruptioninpolice
2.9. Relationshipbetweenpoliceand prosecution
2.10. Liabilityofpolicefor custodialviolence
2.11. PolicePublicrelations, SelectaspectsofNationalPoliceCommissionReport.

Unit-3.PunishmentofOffendersomediscardedmodesofpunishment
3.1. Corporalpunishment:Whippingandflogging
3.2. Mutilationand Branding
3.3. TransportationExile
3.4. Publicexecution
3.5. Anappraisalofthesemodes ofpunishment
3.6. PunishmentsundertheIndianCriminalsLaw
3.7. Capitalpunishment
3.8. Imprisonment,Fine, Cancellationorwithdrawaloflicenses,etc,
Unit-4.ThePrison system
4.1. Administrativeorganizationofprisons
4.2. Modeofrecruitmentand training
4.3. TheJailManual,Powersofprisonofficials
4.4. Prisonersclassification–Male,Female:Juvenileand Adult:Under trial
4.5. Constitutionalimperativesandprisonreformsandconvicted prisoners
4.6. OpenPrisons
4.7. Violationofprisoncodeandits consequences
4.8. Appraisalofimprisonmentasamodeofpunishment.
Unit-5.Treatmentandcorrection ofOffenders
5.1. Theneedforreformationandrehabilitationofoffendersundergoing
punishment/imprisonment,
5.2. Classificationofoffendersthroughmoderndiagnostictechniques
5.3. Theroleofpsychiatrists,psychoanalystsandsocialworkersintheprison
5.4. vocationalandreligiouseducationandapprenticeshipprogrammesforthe
offenders
5.5. Groupcounselingandre-socializationprogrammes
5.6. PrisonersOrganizationsforself-government.
5.7. Participationofinmatesincommunityservices,
5.8. Anappraisalofreformativetechniquessuggestedformsoftreatment of
offenders under the IPC (Amendment) Bill, 1972
5.9. Efficacyofimprisonment asameasuretocombatcriminalityandthesearchfor
substitutes.
Unit-6.Re-socializationprocesses
Unit-7.Probation,TheProbation ofOffendersAct,1958.
7.1. Theattitudeofjudgestowardsprobation,Mechanismofprobationandstandards of
probation services,
7.2. Problemsandprospectsofprobation,
7.3. Thesuspendedsentence.
Unit-8.Parole, NatureofParole
8.1. Authorityforgranting parole
8.2. SupervisionParoles
8.3. Paroleandconditionalrelease
8.4. Releaseoftheoffender
8.5. Problemsofthereleased offender
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 8.6. AttitudesoftheCommunitytowardsreleasedoffender
8.7. PrisonerAidSocietiesandothervoluntaryOrganization
8.8. Governmentalaction
8.9. Anappraisal.
Unit-9.Nature andDevelopment,
9.1. Itsexpandingdimensions,typologyofvictims,compensation,compensationby
application of Article 21 and 300A
9.2. Victimandcriminaljustice, emergingtrendsand policies.
Unit-10.LawReforms
INTRODUCTION:
1. Criminilogy:MeeningandDefinition
2. Criminilogy:ItsNatureandScope
3. Criminilogy:WhetheraScience
4. CriminilogyandcriminalLaw
5. CriminilogyandPenology
6. Criminilogy,penologyandCriminalLaw.
Paper –
6.6INTERNATIONALTRADELAW(H.C. –VII)
OBJECTIVEOFTHE COURSE:

In this 21st century, the concept of Liberalisation, Privatisation and globalization

(LPG) works beyond the trade barriers. This course helps to understand the
dominant role of developed countries in exploiting the developing countries.It
conglomerate the finer version of International Economic Law, in particular the
notion of New InternationalEconomic Order, the object of economic integration
with that of the pragmatic approaches of the International Trade Regime.As a
matter of compliance of International Trade Practices, various bilateral and
regional agreements exist in this scenario.International Trade Agreements and
Conventionsexplorethebalancedgrowthwiththeregulatoryeffect intransacting
international trade in municipal spheres including Dispute Settlement Bodies.
ThissubjectprovidesbasicinputsinInternationalTradeLaw.

Unit-1.Genesisofinternationaltradelaw
Origin and Development – Theories – UN Conventions – Unification of
International Trade Law – International Commercial Contracts – International
SaleofGoods–ForeignDirect Investments(FDI)–TransnationalCompanies–
Electronic Business Transactions – Elements of International Taxation – Risk
Analysis of International Trade.
Unit-2.INTERNATIONALECONOMICINSTITUTIONS
Structure and Functions of International Economic Institutions – International
TradeOrganisation(ITO) –BrettonwoodConference–VariousRoundsofWTO –
General Agreement on Tariff and Trade (GATT) – New International
|Economic Order (NIEO) – International Monetary Fund (IMF) – International
BankforReconstructionandDevelopment(IBRD)–InternationalInvestments.
Unit-3.WORLDTRADEORGANISATION(WTO)
StructureandFunctionsofWTO –WTOandCoveredAgreements–Subsidies–

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 Dumping and Anti-dumping – General Agreements of Trade and Services
(GATS) – Trade Related Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) – Trade Related
Investment Measures (TRIMs) – Trade in Agriculture – Technical Barriers of
Trade (TBT) United Nations Committee on Trade and Environment (UNCTE) –
UnitedNationsCommitteeonTradeandDevelopment (UNCTAD) –Summitsof the
WTO.
Unit-4.BILATERALANDREGIONAL TRADE
Regional Arrangements under the United Nations – Most Favoured Nation
(MFN)Clause – SouthAsian Association for RegionalCooperation(SAARC) –
AssociationforSouthEasternAsianNations(ASEAN) –EuropeanUnion(EU) –
Organisation for Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) – North American Free
Trade Agreement (NAFTA) – South Asian Free Trade Agreement (SAFTA)
Unit-5.SETTLEMENTOFDISPUTESININTERNATIONAL TRADE
Methods of Dispute Settlement – Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) and
International Trade – UNCITRAL –International Arbitration, Conciliation,
MediationandLitigation–OnlineDisputeResolution–DisputeSettlement Body in
WTO – Appellate Body (AB) – Consultation – Trade and Environment
Controversies – Enforcement and Compliance.

BooksforReference:

1. AutarKrishenKoul– GuidetotheWTOandGATT.
2. C.Singhania–ForeignCollaborationsandInvestmentsinIndiaLawand
Procedure.
3. Correa,Carlos.M–IPRs,TheWTOandDevelopingCountries.
4. Day,D. M.andGriffin, Bernardette–TheLawofInternationalTrade.
5. AnupamGoyal–TheWTOandInternationalEnvironmentalLaw:Towards
Conciliation.
6. Gupta.R.K.,-World TradeOrganisation– (2Volumes)
7. IndiraCarr,Peter Stone–InternationalTradeLaw.
8. CliveM.Schmithoff–ExportTrade:TheLawand PracticeofInternational
Trade.
9. JayantaBagachi–WorldTradeOrganisation:AnIndianPerspective.
10. Petersmann,ErnstUlrich–TheGATT/WTODisputeSettlementSystems:
International Law, International Organisations and Dispute Settlement.

Paper–6.7
BANKRUPTCYANDINSOLVENCYLAWS(H.C.–VIII)
ObjectivesOftheCourse
The main concern oflaw is the regulation and balancing of socio-economic and
politicalinterests.Inregulatingtheeconomic front, law hastotakeinto accountof
negative economic impact in the situations ofsocio-legal problems. The
bankruptcy law becomes relevant in this context. The Constitution confers on the
union and the states to legislate on bankruptcy-the inability to pay debts. The
Indian laws contain elaborate provisions on the status of insolvent person, legal
conditions of insolvency ,insolvency proceedings, distribution of property of the
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 insolvent andonlitigationbyandagainst insolvent person.These lawshaveto be
looked at with a comparative approach. The course excludes questions of
bankruptcyin relationto companyand partnership sincetheyaredealt with in the
compulsory papers.
Syllabus

Unit-1.Introductory
1.1. Theconcept:inabilitytopaydebt
1.2. ComparativePerspectives
1.2.1. England:InsolvencyAct,BankruptcyAct
1.2.2. UnitedStates
1.3. India:concurrentjurisdiction-thecentralandstateLegislation
Unit-2.Insolvencyjurisdiction
2.1. Courts
2.2. Powersofcourt
Unit-3.Acctsof Insolvency
3.1. Transferofpropertytoathird personforbenefitofcreditorsGenerally
3.2. Transferwithintenttodefeatcreditors.
3.3. Fraudulentpreferences intransferofproperty.
3.4. Abscondingwithintenttodefeatthecreditors.
3.5. Saleofpropertyinexecutionofdecreeofcourt.
3.6. Adjudicationasinsolvent
3.7. Noticeto creditorsabout suspensionofpaymentofdebt.
3.8. Imprisonmentinexecutionofa decree ofa court.
Unit-4.Insolvancy Petition
4.1. ByCreditor
4.2. Bydebtor
4.3. ContentsofthePetition
4.4. Admission
4.5. Procedure
Unit-5.AppointmentOfinterimreceiver
Unit-6.InterimProceedingsagainstthedebtor
Unit-7.Duties of Debtors
Unit-8.Release of debtor
Unit-9.Procedureathearing
Unit-10.Dismissalofpetitionfiledbyacreditor
Unit-11.Order of adjudication
11.1. Effect
11.2. Publicationoforder
Unit-12. Proceedings,Consequent onorderofadjudication
12.1. Protectionorderfromarrestordetension
12.2. Powertoarrestafteradjudicationperattemptabscond
12.3. Scheduleofcreditors
12.4. Burdenofcreditorstoprove thedebt.
Unit-13.Annulmentofadjudication
13.1. Powertoannul
13.2. Effect
13.3. Failuretoapplyfordischarge
Unit-14. Postadjudicatoryschemeforsatisfactionofthedebt
Unit-15. Discharge of debtor
Unit-16.Effect ofinsolvancyonantecedenttransaction
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 16.1. Onrights ofcreditorunderexecution
16.2. Dutiesofcourtexecutingdecree onthe propertytakeninExecution
16.3. Avoidanceofvoluntarytransfer
16.4. Avoidanceofpreference
Unit-17.Realizationof property
17.1. Appointmentofreceiver
17.1.1. Dutiesand powers
17.1.2. Appealagainstreceiver
Unit-18.Distributionof property
18.1. Priorityofdebts
18.2. Dividends
Unit-19.Offencesbydebtors
Unit-20.Disqualificationofinsolvent
Unit-21. Appeal
Unit-22.Indigentpersons
22.1. Suitbyindigentpersons
Selectbibliography
1. TheProvincialInsolvencyAct.1920
2. InsolvencyActsofvarious states
3. Halisbury’sLawsofEngland,Vol.3(2)onBankruptcyandInsolvency(1989)
4. HenryR.Cheeseman,BusinessLaw,Ch.28(1998),PrenticeHall,NewJersey
5. C.K.Thakker,CodeofcivilProcedure(2000)Eastern,Lucknow.
6. Aiyar.s.k.,LawofBankruptsy(1998) Universal,Delhi.

(K.SITAMANIKYAM)
Chairperson,BoSinLaw
S.V.University,Tirupati

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