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Equilibrium Calc

The document explains the calculation of equilibrium constants (Kc and Kp) in chemical reactions, detailing the relationship between concentrations and partial pressures. It provides a step-by-step example of calculating equilibrium concentrations and emphasizes the importance of mole fractions in gas mixtures. Key points include methods to derive Kc and Kp from equilibrium data and the relevance of these constants in determining concentrations and partial pressures at equilibrium.

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12 views15 pages

Equilibrium Calc

The document explains the calculation of equilibrium constants (Kc and Kp) in chemical reactions, detailing the relationship between concentrations and partial pressures. It provides a step-by-step example of calculating equilibrium concentrations and emphasizes the importance of mole fractions in gas mixtures. Key points include methods to derive Kc and Kp from equilibrium data and the relevance of these constants in determining concentrations and partial pressures at equilibrium.

Uploaded by

joivahnwilliams
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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2.5.

perform calculations involving equilibrium


constants in terms of concentrations (Kc) and
partial pressure(Kp).
Equilibrium constant, Kc is the product of the
concentration of products each raised to the
power of its coefficient divided by the product
of the concentration of the reactants each
raised to its coefficient in the equation.

aA+ bB cC +dD
[C]c [D]d

[A]a [B]b
ethyl ethanoate
Step 1: Write the balanced equation with the necessary information below it.

H2(g) + I2(g) 2HI(g)

At the start(mol): 2.40 x 10-2 1.38 x 10-2 0


Ratio: x x 2x
Change: 2.40 x10-2 – x 1.38 x 10-2 –x = 1.20 x 10-3 2x

x = 1.26 x 10-2

At equilibrium(mol)1.14 x10-2 1.20 x10-3 2.52 x 10-2


Kp has exactly the same format as Kc, except that
partial pressures are used instead of concentrations

aA+ bB cC +dD

PC c x PD d

PAa x PBb

Kp = Kc (RT)Δn
MOLE FRACTION

For reactions involving mixtures of gases, it is easier to


measure pressures than to measure concentrations. When
we are dealing with mixtures of gases we need to know the
fraction of a particular gas present in the mixture in terms
of moles. This is called the mole fraction
KEY POINTS
• Values of Kc can be deduced from the concentration of
reactants and products present at equilibrium together with
the equilibrium expression.
• Concentration of specific reactants or products at
equilibrium can be calculated from the equilibrium
expression, knowing the value of Kc together with relevant
concentration data at the star of the experiment and at
equilibrium.
• Partial pressure = total pressure x mole fraction of gas in the
mixture of gases.
• The equilibrium constant in terms of partial pressure s can be
deduce from partial pressures of reactants and products.
• In a reaction involving gases, the quantities of reactants and
products at the equilibrium can be deduce from the
equilibrium expression and Kp together with relevant partial
pressure data.
QUESTION

A mixture of 6.0 g of ethanoic acid and 6.0 g of ethanol


was added to 4.4g of ethyl ethanoate and the overall
mixture allowed to reach equilibrium. It was found that
0.040mol of ethanoic acid was present in the equilibrium
mixture.
(i) Calculate Kc.

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