PROJECT PROPOSAL FOR

ESTABLISHMENT OF MIXED USE

BUILDING.

PROJECT TO BE IMPLEMENTED IN:-

ADISSE ABEBA CITY

PROMOTER:-MICALE AMEBACHEW

Nov, 2021
ETHIOPIA

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Table of Contents
Executive Summary............................................................................5
Introduction........................................................................................6
General Background........................................................................6
2 Project Objectives............................................................................8
2.1 General Objective......................................................................8
2.1.1 Specific objective.................................................................8
Project description...........................................................................8
Project Rationale..............................................................................9
The significance of the project.........................................................9
Project Location.............................................................................10
3The market Study...........................................................................11
Market Analysis.............................................................................11
The Demand-Supply Gap...............................................................11
Current supply of Mixed use building............................................12
Future market or Demand of commercial Building rental..............12
Target customers...........................................................................13
Marketing promotion and strategy................................................13
Competition...................................................................................13
The project facilities and Services plan.........................................14
4 Technical Studies...........................................................................16
4.1 Description of the project Service/ Product mix......................16
4.1.1 Land Use Plan....................................................................16
4.2 Construction work and Technology..........................................17
4.2.1 Construction schedule.......................................................17
4.2.2 Architectural Design & Layout...........................................17
4.2.3 Structural design...............................................................18
4.2.4 Reinforced concrete...........................................................18
4.2.5 Foundation Design.............................................................18

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 4.2.6 Construction Plan and process...........................................19
4.3 Utilities.....................................................................................19
5 Engineering and civil works...........................................................21
5.1 Land, Building and Civil Works................................................21
5.2 Manpower and training requirement.......................................22
5.2.1 Manpower requirement.....................................................22
Labor Availability........................................................................23
Project implementation..................................................................23
Organizational Structure................................................................24
Organization and management.....................................................24
6 Financial analysis...........................................................................31
6.1 Repair and Maintenance Cost..................................................31
6.2 Depreciation and Amortization................................................31
6.3 Total Revenue..........................................................................32
6.4 Discounted Payback Period.....................................................32
6.5 Cash flow.................................................................................32
6.6 Benefit cost ratio.....................................................................32
6.7 Internal Rate of Return............................................................33
6.8 Net present value....................................................................33
7 Conclusions and Recommendations..............................................34
Conclusion.....................................................................................34
Recommendations.........................................................................35
References........................................................................................36

List of table

Table 1: Office Space Demand Forecast…………………………………………. 12

Table 2: The plan is that the ground will be partitioned in to different rooms…14

Table 3: land utilization Plan ………………………………………….……….…..16

Table 4: Utilities…………………………………………………………………… 20

Table 5: List of Building and Civil Works and Their Costs ……………………..21

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Table 6: Manpower Requirement and Annual Labor Cost………………………22

Table 7: project Implementation schedule………………………………………. 23

Table 8: Repair and Maintenance Cost ……………………………………………31

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1. Executive Summary
1. Project Name Mixed Use Building

2. Project Owners Micale Amebachew

3. Nationality Ethiopian

4.Address

4. Project location Adisse Abeba

5.Project Composition Supermarket, Bank, Modren Jime Sporet ,develop

modern shops,hall, office, and restaurant & cafeteria
facilities that enable to provide standard services.
6. Premises Required 200 m2

7. Startup Capital For implementing this project, a total of

15,000,000.00Eth birr is required. From this 30%
4,500,000.000 birr will be covered by the promoter
of the project while the rest will be covered%70 or
10,500,000.00 by financial institutions.

8.Employment This project deemed to employ 60 permanent

Opportunity employees of which 9 are unskilled while the rest
are skilled.
9. For The country Source of income for the regional government as
business income tax

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2 Introduction

2.1 General Background

The current fast and dynamic economic growth of Oromia region

especially in Nonoworeda ssilk ambatown necessitates equivalent
growth of building and construction sector. The sector should expand
rapidly to support the overall economic development sustainable.

In the building sector of the economy, the multi- purpose in the one
becoming rapidly expanding in Nonosince dynamic economic
development of urban economy requires the construction of these
buildings in the city to support the growing of business service sectors
like supermarkets, Beauty salon, shops, offices cinemas, Computer
Center, Cafeterias, restaurant, assembly hall, apartments and other
activities. In this regard, mixed used building expands in the all parts of
the city.

Investment and property development play an important role in any

emerging markets or economies. Property generally comprises
residential houses and commercial real estate property (mainly mixed us
building) developed for rental business and sale. The property
investment market in Ethiopia remained under developed for several
years. As a consequence, the supply of residential houses and non-
residential real estate that can be used for residence, office space,
shopping malls and catering services in the urban centers of the country
is disproportionately low to cope with the growing demand in the country
spinning from the average growth in GDP of 5.5% over the last ten years
and population increase. The relatively good performance of the macro-
economy (real growth in GDP, low inflation rate and growth in
investment and export sector) has stimulated unprecedented investment
growth in the property sector over the last five years. The growth of
investment in the property market over the last five years in consistent

6
with the global experience suggesting that investment in the residential
and commercial property is greatly influenced by the performance of the
macroeconomic conditions. In general, a stable macroeconomic condition
leads to economic and business growth and develops investors’
confidence. This certainly spurs large demand in the property market for
office space, shopping malls, catering services, apartment and
residential houses. Following growing demand trends, and with the
expectation of high return on their investment capital, large number of
land developers pooled their financial resources and invested in the
property market.

To this effect, the owner of the envisioned Mixed Use Building Mr Deraje
Abera who has been living for long time in this city, planned to construct
in Silk Amba and undertaken this project study to check the market,
technical and financial feasibility of this project. The promoter is very
ambitious and committed to realize the project. Hence, they expect to
get the necessary support from the city administration to make the
project to be operational.

Besides, the government policies and incentives for the private sector
investment are very promising that motivates the promoter to engaged
in mixed use building business.

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2 Project Objectives

2.1 General Objective

The major goal of this project is to contribute towards the growth of the
trade sector in Silk amba. Its specific objectives include the following.

2.1.1Specific objective

 To construct and develop modern shops, offices, and restaurant&

cafeteria facilities that enable to provide standard services to
customers.
 To undertake trading and other refuted business activities that enable
to generate a reasonable to the invested capital.
 To develop modern business Centre that would provide full services
on city standard.
 To create employment opportunities.
 Contribute towards the beautification of the city through the
construction of modern building infrastructure and facilities.
 To establish economically viable, socially acceptable and
environmentally friend mixed use Apartment.

2.3 Project description

The long-term goal of the project is become the best choice trade center
in the city. The proposed project will have a total area of 200m2,
designed to reader a multipurpose giving business, which will in turn
plays significant role towards solving shortage of business center in Silk
amba.

The historical nature of the city as business unique location in one of the
most attractive centerin Ethiopian (100% urban center). The owners plan
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the project to render banking and insurance, shopping facility, offices
and cafeteria services to create high quality class to satisfy the interest
of customers in the city. Based on environmental and other
considerations, the entrepreneur has determined the type and size of the
building which is already determined by the site; conceptual planning
and preliminary analysis have been carried out by analysts.

In order to attract its clients to the service, the project will develop high
standard shop & banking rooms and office of best choices and will also
save best quality apartments, restaurant and café.

2.4 Project Rationale

The existing promising investment opportunities, the demands of service

need along with relatively sound investment support made by the
government in such kinds of feasible projects, compelled the project
promoter to initiate the multipurpose oriented business project to be
established. Despite the promising business opportunities of the city, the
trend on such kinds of investment found to not enough. The mismatch
between the demand for and supply of such kind of services in easily
observed in the city.

Therefore, the existing shortage or absence in the supply of these

services, along with its commercial and administrative access, better
location and infrastructure access, escalating trend of urbanization and
business activities, thus it is with such reason that this project is
identified and proposed and assumed to be more profitable.

In general, the country’s privatized and free market economy; good

governance creates a favorable environment for the development of
investment for private investors.

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2.5 The significance of the project

The envisaged project deemed to add to the economic development of

the city in general in specific with following ways:

A. Source of Revenue

As public policy of any nation, the government collects different forms of

taxes from different business organizations and individuals. Among the
different forms of taxes, business income taxes, payroll income tax and
VAT are collected from undertaking business activities. Therefore, the
building will serve as sources of revenue for the city.

B. Employment opportunity

One of the problems that our country faced is unemployment. Therefore,

the current objective of the government is working on tackling the
problem of unemployment and fostering the development process either
through creating self-employment or employment in other organization.
Hence, this project will hire 26individuals and more than eighty individual
during construction.

2.6 Project Location

The license area is located in Nono woreda, Silk Amba locally named as"
Civil Service". The total area of the project is 200 m 2. . It is surrounded by
main asphalt road at west part, south east by resident, south west
resident, and mixed use building at North part.

Mixed-useDevelopments
Mixed-use projects are developments which combine two or more
types of revenue producing real estate developments. Mixed-use
projects may be either low rise

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suburbanprojectsorhighrise,highdensityurbanprojects.Mixed-
useprojectswere created to satisfy a convenience and marketing
demand using valuable property for itshighestandbestuse.
[1]Forinstance,tohaveahotelfunctionprovidesadvantage for office
visitors while creating a demand for the hotel itself. The synergy
created between the components creates vitality for the mixed-use
development and generally combining different functions in one
single project is superior to each singledevelopment.

Mixed-use developments are characterized by :

 three or more significant revenue-producing uses (such as

retail/entertainment, office, residential, hotel, and /or
civic/cultural/recreation) that in well planned projects are
mutuallysupporting;

 significantphysicalandfunctionalintegrationofprojectcomp
onents(andthusa relatively close-knit and intensive use of
land), including uninterrupted pedestrian connections,and

 development in conformance with a coherent plan (that

frequently stipulates the
typeandscaleofuses,permitteddensitiesandrelateditems).
Integrated shared parking is a key component, improving land-use
efficiencies and reducing cost. Pedestrian circulation and orientation
are critical elements in the planning process, because without them,
the project will not work as a whole and will not achieve the desired
synergies and sense of place that are the hallmarks of mixed-
usedevelopments.Thissecondcriteriadistinguishesmixed-
usedevelopments from other real estate projects that may include
three or more significant revenue producing uses but do not fully
integrate them such as businessparks or master planned
communities.

Physical configuration of mixed-use developments can be

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 categorized into three groups as below:

 Mixed-use Towers: These are single, high rise, high

density towers. Functions are layered vertically. Mostly
located in downtown. They have strikingphysical

profileandcreatelandmarkssohelpfulinmarketingthedevelopm
entbuthavea disadvantage of creating less public
outdoorspace.

 Integrated Multi-Tower Structures: These structures

architecturally connect
individualbuildingsandtowersinonemulti-
componentdevelopment.Common building may be an
atrium, a shopping Centre or underground parking area.
Mostly found in downtown central business district (CBD)
or high density suburbandowntowns.

 Mixed-use Town Centers, Urban Villages and Districts:

This type of mixed-use projects is made up of variety of
individual buildings around streets, parks or squares and
seems like an urban district more than a single project.
Mostly developed outside downtowns. Mixed-use town
centers, urban villages and districts are clearly the
direction that most mixed-use designs are moving today.
They also offer greater flexibility for timing and phasing
projects, important factors in improving feasibility and
reducing risk.

Below are some examples of mixed-use developments from

Turkey and abroad. Figure 2.2 is an example for mixed-use
tower, including residences, a hotel,
shoppingarcade,offices,spafitness,conferenceroomsandparki
ngfacilities. an example for integrated multi-tower structure,
including shopping center,

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 residences,officesandparkingfacilitiesandFigure2.4isanexam
plefortowncenter
andurbanvillageorganizedaroundaretailmainstreetincludinga
partments,ahotel, a cinema and retailstores.

3 The market Study

3.1 Market Analysis

There are a number of factors which affects the demand of standardized

mixed use building. Of these factors, the most important to have
influence is population growth and the level of income. The currently
expanding service industry in Nonoworeda silk amba and from every
corner of the country the city has been inviting skilled and unskilled labor
forces to the center; in addition, the number of both national and
international offices has been increasing. Above all the increase in the
number of population increases for the provision of different services.
Nowadays, most of the private business organizations need their own
small-medium offices in order to give their services and provide their
products, and they prefer the place that found in the center or close to
the road.

As clearly indicated in the introductory part of this proposal,Nonois the

dynamically growing urban center of Ethiopia. Though the market
demand gap for mixed use building is not clearly understanding there is
wider gap for such demand as many merchants, organizations are
flouring to the city every day. From prior business experiences, the
demand of mixed use building is very high and hence the demand and
the supply gap is very wide.

3.2 The Demand-Supply Gap

There has been a significant growth in the number of local and

international trades across the country. This increase is mainly
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associated with the stimulation of economic activist and partly due to an
increase in the flow of international and local traders in to the Silk amba.
Since Nonois an important commercial center in addition there is a
significant increase in business activates and hence increasing the
number of traders. Even though there is a lack of quantitative estimates
that depict the actual demand and also the annual growth rate
commercial facilities are scarce in the city. As a result, there is a large
gap between the developed and that of the supply for modern Bank and
cafeteria accommodation hence this project would not face any problem
of demand scarcity for it business Centre and it would provide good
service to customers.

3.3 Current supply of Mixed use building

Commercial building/office sector has shown a dynamic change in the

past few years. The reason for this could be rapid economic growth and a
supporting public infrastructural development. Other factors relevant in
the specific case of commercial buildings are the large increases in
national and international businesses, particularly firms in the services
sector.

The business of multipurpose buildings in Nono woreda in booming

highly due to the recent rapid growth experienced in Ethiopia. As a
result, a good number of local and international organizational are
coming in place. Government offices which used to operate in limited
spaces all over the city are also concentrating on leasing new and
modern buildings. Increasing numbers of international organization
which in the past had typically converted residences into office space are
now moving towards renting whole floors or even multiple floors in
modern city-center commercial buildings.

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3.4 Future market or Demand of commercial Building rental

The demand for office space is a derived demand because firms rent
space as an input to the production of services or goods they provide to
businesses and households in the local or national economy.

Following our survey of office space users in several areas are mainly
firms providing banking, offices, cafeteria and restaurants,
supermarkets, computer center service. Future demand for office space
is actually driven from growth in number of offices in the city which in
turn is influenced by the macro-economic growth in the country.
Assuming that demand for office space is directly related to the growth
in the economy, the forecast for office space demand is shown in the
following table;

Table 1: Office Space Demand Forecast

Office space demand under Office space demand under

base case economic high case economic
Years Growth Growth
2010/2011 9,916,543 11,304,859
2011/2012 11,007,363 12,057,416
2012/2013 12,218,173 12,953,878
2013/2014 13,562,173 13,963,577
2014/2015 15,054,011 14,554,534
2015/2016 16,709,952 14,987,431
Source: estimation based on GTP’s forecasted Ethiopian Economic
Growth

3.5 Target customers

The target customers of this envisaged project include:-

1. Business Community
2. Business organization
3. The government bureau

4. Non-governmental organizations

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3.6 Marketing promotion and strategy

In order to penetrate and gain considerable market share, one of the

major marketing strategies for the project is consistently rendering
quality service to its tenants. Due emphasis must be placed on
improving quality of service and facilities. The major marketing
strategies to promote the project and gain considerable market share
include:

 Advertising through different means focusing on the existing

service and facilities
 Promote in association to the key location and nearby business
 Working on sustained promotional work.
 Working on public relations to reach and influence key personas
and organization with a capacity of making decision.
 Keeping the quality of its service/ facilities and consistently
improving with changing situations.

 Seasonal discount pricing different others customer centric

marketing strategies will be used by the company.

3.7 Competition

There are different forms of competition that may face the envisaged
mixed use building. These are price and non-price based competition.
Moreover, there are different competitors that will compete with the
project either directly or indirectly. But the mixed use building under
discussion has diversified marketing strategies that could enable it Cope
up with the different competitors in the market. Moreover, it will
frequently conduct competitors research which focuses on, the strength
and the weaknesses, the different competitors’ strategies, the
techniques they use in rendering the service, their customer handling
methods, and others. Generally, the project has many other projects all
over Nonoworeda silk amba villages which compete with it.
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SiteEvaluation

Theanswerforaquestionof,“asiteforaneed?Oraneedforasite?”dependsonthe
developer’s development strategy and assets. But for both circumstances
market research is the key to a successful development. In order to
determine the most appropriate product type for a specified site for its
“highest and best use” the
developershouldconductagoodmarketresearch.Foraspecifieduse,marketstud
y of regional or local areas which gives an understanding of trends and
demographics will lead to find the most suitable sitearea.

Asphysicalfeasibilityisoneofthedeterminantsofproject’soverallfeasibility,ina
feasibilityreport,oncethedecisionhasbeenmadetodevelopinaparticulararea,th
e
analystevaluatesthepotentialsiteandmakesrecommendationsonthissitebase
don the criteria definedbelow:

Location

Theoldestclichéintherealestatebusinessisthatwhatmattersis:location,locati
on, location. Location refers to accessibility and visibility in real estate
and they are
thekeycriteriaforthevalueofsiteandtheintendeddevelopment.Thisisextreme
ly
importantforsometypesofdevelopments.Someretaildevelopmentsrelyheavi
lyon
sightlinesfromsurroundingstreets.Someofficedevelopmentsmarketwellnoto
nly because of their proximity to freeways but their profile on the skyline.
Mixed-use projects usually have excellent access and good exposure. To
outdistance the competition, the developer’s site must be equal or better
than others within the
marketplace.Tenantswilloftenmaketheirfinaldecisionbasedonvisibilityande
ase of access.

Proximity to some support services such as retail centers, educational and

cultural facilities, residential developments, recreational facilities etc. may

17
have positive affect on the development or lack of these may signify to a
niche in the market. Mixed-use projects are likely to generate
considerable auto and pedestrian traffic;
sitesshouldbeproximatetoexistingtravelpatternsandnumerousaccesspoints
.

Adjacentlandhasalsoeffectonthesubjectsite.Presentandpossiblefutureplans
for the neighborhood should be reviewed carefully. Any inconvenience, of
which some
arelistedbelow,mayadverselyaffectthemarketabilityofthedevelopment[:

 Appearance, odor andnoise

 Overhead powerlines

 Cemetery

 Landfill

 Railroads, freeways,expressways

 Airport glidepaths

 Sewer and waterplants

 Manufacturingplants

 Quality ofsurrounding

Trafficpatternsshouldalsobeevaluatedwhenconsideringaccessibilit
yofthesite;a heavy traffic may not be desired for some users. This
evaluation may be conducted with a trafficengineer.

3.3.1. Size andshape

The parcel size and configuration should meet the need for the
development. For specified uses minimum size of land parcels will
be required. Mixed-use projects
generallyhaveseveralfeaturesincommon,sositesneedtobesubstantia
llylargeor allow high density construction. Shape of site is also
important; it should allow the designer to allocate best
configuration in optimumuse.

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Planning guidelines, regulations andconstraints

The land should have the required zoning or have the probability of
being rezoned. But attention should be paid that rezoning process
may take long time, sometimes several years depending on the
community.Alsoitshouldbenotedthatparcelsizeisafunctionofzoningcl
assification,i.e.open space, parking area and density is determined
by planning guidelines where thesize of the parcel is an important
criteria forevaluation.

Mixed-use projects need higher densities or larger site areas. For

instance, in downtown locations, mixed-use towers often have 20
to 30 stories or more. So, zoning should allow such density for
mixed-use projects.

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Climatic and naturalinfluences

Understanding the nature of site and climatic conditions is extremely important in

estimating the site improvement costs. Even, this is important in deciding physical
feasibility of the development. Soil conditions, underground water, surface water,
mines, topographic conditions should all be reviewed. In a typical feasibility study
this is generally done by site visit and obtaining due diligence reports.

3.8 The project facilities and Services plan

In order to provide mixed use business center building services of a high standard,
it has been planned to construct and develop the infrastructure and facilities that
would viable to meet the requirements of an international standard business
center. Accordingly, various buildings and facilities will be constructed phase by
phase starting with the most needed ones that are essential to commence the
operation of its business activities. With the completion of construction, the
building will provide a combined service such as shops, offices, restaurant and café
service as well as modern business center that primarily serve its guests and major
clients.

Table 2: The plan is that the ground will be partitioned in to different rooms:

Building Description Measur Unit Total

e price in
Birr
Basement Parking Service Cars 5/per 5*50*365=91,250
hour
Ground 1 Supermarket, M 2
350 200*1100*12*2=9,240,0
and 2 Pharmacy, Banking 00
& Insurance
1 floor -3
st rd
Beauty salon, M2 224 200*1100*12=2,956,800
floor shop, Computer
Center, Cafeteria
and Restaurant
4 th
floor Different M2 219 200*1100*12=2,890,800
floor governmental and
other offices
Total 11,158,850

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Since the project will be engaged in mixed building the main sources of its annual
revenue would be from the rental of building spaces such as shops, offices, and
banking, café and restaurant. Therefore, the sources of revenue have been
classified in to one category namely the rental of banking and supermarket,
offices, shops, bedrooms restaurant and café based on these classifications. Based
on the market price of similar mixed use building in the area, the envisioned
buildings set the following fair price (Before VAT) for its service, hence when the
building construction fully get operational it is assumed to generate a yearly
income of ETB 12,538,850.

4 Technical Studies

4.1 Description of the project Service

The envisioned mixed purpose building will provide different rental services to the
different customer groups for different purpose. The building will have basement,
ground and twelve floors. The purpose of the building explained as follows;

 The ground floor, first floor second floor and third floor designed for different
business centers like banks, supermarket, beauty salon(man and women),
Computer center, pharmacy, internet café, boutiques, different shops and
other business activities,

 4-8floors designed for Offices.

 8-12 floors designed for Apartments.

4.1.1 Land Use Plan

The total land required for the envisioned project is estimated to be 200m 2. The
total area for the construction of the building will be 200m2, as revealed below.

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Table 3: land utilization Plan

No Description Land M2
Baseme Ground First floor-Twelve
nt floor
1 Building (G+12)
1.1 Basement 200
1.2 Ground 200
1.3 First floor-Twelve 200
floor
Total 200

4.2 Construction work and Technology

4.2.1 Construction schedule

The construction project is proposed to be started on July 2019, and is expected to

be finished on July 2022. As seen in the abbreviated construction schedule above,
a majority of the schedule’s time is made up of five major activities; concrete,
building Enclosure, masonry, mechanical and Electrical install. Concrete activities
include processes such as placing foundations and slab on deck. The Building
Enclosure Phase includes erecting the scaffolding that will allow for exterior
sheathing installation and bricklaying.

Mechanical and Electrical install coincide with each other due to the need for
coordination between the two divisions. There are several periods of construction
during the schedule in which there are multiple construction activities occurring at
the same time.

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The construction site must be organized accordingly as these processes take
place. As with any construction project, the goal of the schedulewill to complete all
construction activities before the required Date of completion.

This date of completion is practical based on the time of year in which the building
will be completed. The team allowed a two week contingency for any setbacks.
Typically, winter construction tends to cause unforeseen delays that negatively
impact a construction project. These conditions can and will almost undoubtedly
impact the project schedule by causing unforeseen delays and project inefficiency.

4.2.2 Architectural Design & Layout

Although functional spaces for the project were laid out in significant detail, the
rest of the building had designated spaces but set layouts. It was at the discretion
of the project promoter to devise typical layouts for the non-detailed commercial
and office spaces. To make sure that the building’s layouts were practical, the
project owner researched typical architectural layouts for laboratory and executive
office spaces. The walls and partitions throughout the floor will congruent with the
structural frame and column locations.

4.2.3 Structural design

One of principle deliverables of the project is the structural design of the building.
The structural bays were coordinated with the layout of the building adjustments
will be made to the bays if specific layouts are necessary. The frame will be made
up of a grid with repeating standard structural bays. Included in the structural
system are bay sizes, shape and size of structural members, floor compositions
and curtain walls. These elements were established to resist gravity ad lateral
loads as appropriate.

The gravity load design will completed for two frames; one of structural steel and
one of reinforced concrete. The structural steel frame will chosen for further design
based on cost per square foot, local availability of material and constructability

23
considerations, such as erection and fabrication. The steel system will then
designed for lateral loading with necessary adjustment being made to framing.

4.2.4 Reinforced concrete

The project group prepared hand structural design calculations for a typical bay of
a reinforced concrete frame. In all reinforced concrete bay designs, a
superimposed dead load of 8 pounds per square foot will be assumed for
mechanical equipment, floor coverings and ceilings.

Similarly, the design of the typical bay accounted for the use of different
commercial space, in which a live load of 1000 pounds per square was assumed.
Loads will be calculated based on the requirements of the minimum Design loads
for Buildings and other Structures.

4.2.5 Foundation Design

The design of a superstructure may be accurate, have considered all possibilities

and still fail because the substructure is incapable of distributing the applied loads
to the supporting soil.

Foundation design takes more into consideration than merely the loading from the
columns. While the main part of the project focused on the structural frame and its
alternate designs, a preliminary foundation plan was designed based upon
maximum load carried from the superstructure through the columns. The
foundation design conducted by the project team consisted of the selection of
foundation type, determination of the bearing capacity and the design for typical
interior and exterior spread footings.

4.2.6 Construction Plan and process

The construction process for this project is normally a disjointed three mages
development by which the conceptualized need of the promoter of this project is
translated into a functional facility that will meet their needs in terms of time, cost
and quality.

24
Based on a general program of the project owners the consultant who is going to
be hired makes site studies, develops structural designs, prepares drawings and
specifications, determines quantities involved and estimated the resultants costs.
All these activities will be done in the first phase of the project which is the design
stage after the document are produced by the designers have been received, and
the works secured the project is supposed to enter the tendering stage. At this
stage contractors study the project document analyze and subsequently determine
the construction methods, built up their unit rates and submit their bids for the
works. The promoter of this project intends to compare the bids and award the
contract for the lowest responsible bidder. This, is of course, presupposes that the
favorable proposal does not exceed the allocated budget.

After the award is made and the contract signed between this project owners and
the contractor, the project constructor is expected to prepare and submits a
detailed construction program which includes material schedule, manpower
requirement and cash flow forecast.

After the award is made and the contract signed between this project owner and
the contractor, the project constructor is expected to prepare and submits a
detailed construction program which includes material schedule, manpower
requirement and cash flow forecast.

4.3 Utilities

A number of utilities world be put in place in order to ensure smooth functioning of

the project. These utilities includeTable 4: Utilities

Cost
No Description Qty. Unit cost (Birr)
100,00 1.30*10,00
1 Electricity supply, kWh 0 0 130,000
2 Water Supplym3 50,000 10*500,000 500,000

3 Telephone and Internet

Broadband 20,000

4
Fuel, Oil and lubricant 2000 19*2000 38,000
25
Total 1,188,000

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5 Engineering and civil works

5.1 Land, Building and Civil Works

The Mixed use building has a total site area of 200 m 2. The building floor
area has covered 24 m2 and the remaining 136 m2 is left for construction.
The type of buildings and its corresponding civil construction cost is given on
Table 5.

Table 5: List of Building and Civil Works and Their Costs

No Description Total price
A. SUB-STRACTURE
1 excavation and earth works 279,570.67
2 concrete work 1,936,546.34
Sub total 2,216,117.01
B. SUPER STRACTURE
1 Concrete work 2,753,358.45
2 Block work 551,534.40
3 Roofing 171,108.00
4 Carpentry and joinery 323,760.00
5 Metal works 820,860.00
6 Finishing 1,111,379.44
7 Painting 275,798.88
8 Electrical installation 1,236,330.00
9 Sanitary installation 1,151,022.00
Subtotal
6,395,151.17
A+B 9,611,268.18
Vat (15%) 3,541,690.23
Grand total 11,152,958.40

As shown on Table 5, the total cost of building and civil work is estimated at
Birr 10,152,958.40 and out of which the proponent has worked more than
birr 8.6 million.

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5.2 Manpower and training requirement

5.2.1 Manpower requirement

The list of manpower and the annual cost of labor is indicated in Table 6.

Table 6: Manpower Requirement and Annual Labor Cost

Position N Qualification Monthl Annual

S o y salary in
N salary Birr
in Birr
1 General manager 1 BA in management 10, 120,0
000 00
2 Building admin 1 BA in Acct/Mgt 8, 96,0
000 00
3 Secretary 1 10+2 in secretariat science 3, 36,0
000 00
4 HRM Officer 1 10+2 in HRM/Management 4, 48,0
000 00
5 Technical and 1 Diploma in building 8, 96,0
maintenance maintenance 000 00
manager
6 Finance head 1 BA in Accounting 6, 72,0
000 00
7 IT Technician 1 Diploma in computer 6, 72,0
science/IT 000 00
8 Marketer 1 Diploma in marketing 5, 60,0
000 00
9 Accountant 1 Diploma in accounting 4, 48,0
000 00
10 Guards/Security 4 Basic 2, 30,0
500 00
11 General Service 1 Diploma in Management 6, 72,0
head 000 00
12 Purchaser 1 Diploma in purchasing 3, 42,0
&Sup Mgt 500 00
13 Electrician 1 10+2 in general electricity 4, 48,0
000 00
14 Plumber 1 10+2 in general mechanic 3, 42,0
500 00
15 Casher 1 10+1 in bookkeeping 3, 42,0
500 00

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16 Cleaner 5 Unskilled 3, 36,0

000 00
17 Maintenance officer 1 10+2 in General mechanic 3, 42,0
500 00
18 Driver 1 10 completed 2,500 30,0
00
Total 2 86,000 1,032,000
6
Benefit (20%) 17, 206,4
200 00
Grand Total 103 238,400
,200

5.2.2 Labor Availability

Workers for this type of plant are available throughout the year. No
foreseeable problems are expected as most of the work requires no previous
skills.

5.3 Project implementation

The project’s implementation is expected to take 24 months. The major

activities include Bank loan processing construction of the building, cleaning
the area around the building, Procurement of equipment’s and start
rendering services. The time schedule for major activities is presented
below:

Table 7: project Implementation schedule

SN Activities Date
1 Preparation Project Proposal May 2020
2 Bank loan processing June-July 2020
3 Site Development July 2020
4 Building and construction work August, 2019-July 2022
5 Preparation for service September, 2022
6 Service execution February, 2022

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5.4 Organizational Structure

5.4.1 Organization and management

Organizational Structure

The organizational structure of the project is designed by including all the

necessary personnel under the right division. At the top of the organizational
structure, there will be manager with the responsibility of supervising the
overall activity of the building. Depending up on the nature of the center and
the amount of work to be performs; there exist auxiliary units under the
general manager.

Employees under each unit will be supervised by the department head that
is accountable for the general manager. General Manager is appointed by
the owners

As clearly shown in the organizational structure, the center organization has

one general manager and three main sections. Under the general manager
there are the, Marketing Department, Maintenance and Building
administration department. Under building admin dept there exist two
sections i.e., HRM & finance and general service. Further sub sections are
also organized under technical and maintenance manager. The following
section deals with the duties and responsibilities of each department.

A. The General Manager’s Duties and Responsibilities

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 He/she will plan, organize, direct and control the overall activities of the
building.

 He/she will devise policies and strategies that will enable the center to be
profitable.

 He/she will incorporate modern technological innovation that will facilitate

the service delivery of the building to increase customer’s satisfaction.

 He/she will plan, organize, direct and control the human and non-human
resources of the building so as to achieve the short and long run
objectives of the organization.

B. Building Administration Department

The building Administration Department of the multipurpose building has two

main sections (HRM and Finance and General Service section). It has
responsible for undertaking the following activities;

 Manage the human resources and control employee’s activity

 Well non human resources of the project, which include; effective

handling of the different resources of the building, and devise
strategies of controlling against fraud and damage.

 Will provide the right material or inventory to the center with right
price at the right time.

 Will plan, organize direct and control the financial transaction of the
building by using all the necessary documents.

 Accountant and casher that will collect money from the customers.

 Will develop sound financial control system by developing modern

financial control systems.

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 Will prepare the annual financial statements and prepare condensed

reports for both the General Manager and other concerned government
body.

 Follow the overall status of the business and provide maintenance and
repair services

C. The marketing Department

 Will handle the overall marketing activities of the organization which

include planning, organizing, directing, and controlling.

 Will develop the marketing strategies for future multipurpose building

development

 Will develop effective customer handling strategies.

 Execute the promotion methods.

D. Technical and maintenance manager

 Will handle the overall physical maintenance and related issues

 Will make sure electricity and back up is organized.

 Follow up security issues and educate tenants

 Works in collaboration with general service to make sure tenants are

well served

Owners

General Manager

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5.6 Financial Requirement and Analysis

The financial resource is a prime resource for undertaking any activities.

Hence for implementing this mixed use building a total of 15,000,000ETB is
required. From this 30% 4,500,000birr will be covered by the promoter of
the project while the rest 70%(10,500,000) will be covered through loan
from bank at the prevailing interest rate.

Therefore the said amount of finance is needed for undertaking the following.

5.1 fixed Investment

A. Land, Building & Construction
S. Description of works Total Cost in birr
N
1 Building construction 10,152,958.40
2 Site Development 50,000
3 Design and supervision 120,000.00
4 1st Year land lease 422,640
Total 10,745,598.40

B. Building Machineries and Equipments

SN Description Measu Qty Unit cost Total cost in
remen in Birr Birr.
t
1 Generator Unit 1 300,000.00 300,000.00
2 Carpentry tool box Set 1 27,000.00 27,000.00
3 Electrician tools box Set 1 18,500.00 18,500.00
4 Plumber tools kit Set 1 12,300.00 12,300.00

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5 Fire extinguisher Unit 12 16,000.00 192,000.00

(Security Equipment)
6 Elevator Unit 1 750,000 750,000
Total 1,123,800 1,299,800

C. Vehicle
S Description UOM Qty Unit Cost Total cost in Remark
N in Fr. Birr
1 Mini-Bus Unit 1 300,000.0 300,000.00 Duty
0 Free
Total 300,000.00

D. Office Equipment’s
S Description Measureme Qty Unit cost Total cost
N nt in birr in Birr
1 Managerial tables Unit 1 12,600.00 12,600.00
2 Managerial chairs Unit 1 19,500.00 19,500.00
3 Office table with chair Unit 7 12,000.00 12,000.00
4 Secretarial table with chairs Unit 1 8,500.00 8,500.00
5 Computer with chairs Unit 1 15,000.00 15,000.00
6 Shelf Unit 3,500.00 3,500.00
7 Filing cabinets Unit 1 1,500.00 1,500.00
8 Guest chairs Unit 1 4900 4900
9 Fax & Telephone machine Unit 1 1,300.00 1,300.00
10 Carpet and Curtain LS 1 23,000.00
Total 101,800.0
0

Working Capital

Operating Expenses
S List of Items Annual cost in birr Assumptions Used
N
1 Audit and legal fee 48,000.00 4000 br/per ,month
2 Stationery supplies 12,000.00 1000 br/month
3 Promotional Cost 40,000.00 Lump sum annual cost
4 Property Insurance 84,009.00 1% of the building

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5 Cleaning Supplies 12,000.00 1000 br. Per month

6 Uniforms 12,000.00
7 Water consumption 5,000.00 2500 m3 by 3.15 br
8 Electric consumption 130,000.00 100,000KWH By Br.1.30
9 Fuel 38,000.00 2000 lit per year by Br.19
11 Telephone & fax 20,000.00 1800 per month
12 Repair expense 72,018.00 2% of building cost
13 Miscellaneous costs 40,000.00 6000 per month
Total 513,027.00

Pre-service Expenses
SN Description Cost in birr
1 Project proposal 100,000.00
2 Licensing fee and others
Total 100,000.00

Summary of Total initial investment cost

SN Description Cost in Birr Percentage

Share
1 Land, building & construction 10,000,000 80.39%
2 Building machines & 1,299,800.00 3.77%
Equipments
3 Vehicle 300,000.00 1%
4 Office Equipment 101,800.00 0.29%
5 Total fixed investment cost 10,447,198.0 85.32%
0
6 Salary expense 238,400.00 3.59%
7 Operation Expense 513,027.00 1.49%
8 Pre service Expense 100,000.00 0.29%
9 Total Working capital 731,836.00 2.12%
10 Sub total 4,604,532.00 7.49%
11 Contingency (10%) 460,453.20
Total initial investment capital 15,000,000

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6 Financial analysis

The financial analysis of thismixed use project is based on the data

presented in the previous chapters and the following assumptions: -

Finishing period 2 years

Source of finance 30 % equity
Debt finance 70 % loan
Bank interest 13%
Discount cash flow 10%
Accounts receivable 30 days
Raw material (perishable) 3 days
Raw Material (nonperishable) 30 days
Cash in hand 5 days
Accounts payable 30 days
Repair and maintenance 5% of equipment cost

6.1 Repair and Maintenance Cost

The annual repair and maintenance cost of the plant is estimated based on
the following rates.

Table 8: Repair and Maintenance Cost

Item Rate
Machinery and equipment 5% of the total cost or Book

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 MIXED USE BUILDING
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value
Building and civil works 2% of the total cost or Book
value
Utilities 5% of the total cost or Book
value

6.2 Depreciation and Amortization

The following depreciation rates are applied to depreciate the assets of the
project:

 Buildings and associated Civil works 5%, linear to scrap Value

 Machinery and Equipment’s 10%, linear to scrap Value

6.3 Total Revenue

Based on the projected profit and loss statement, the project will generate
a profit throughout its operation life. Annual net profit after tax increases
from Birr 8,810,480at the beginning of the project to Birr
22,502,429during the last year of operation year. The detail is presented
in Annex.

6.4 Discounted Payback Period

The payback period, also called pay–off period is defined as the period
required recovering the original investment outlay through the
accumulated net cash flows earned by the project. Accordingly, based on
the projected cash flow it is estimated that the project’s initial investment
will be fully recovered within 3 year 9 months.

6.5 Cash flow

The projected cash flow of the envisaged project shows that the project
would generate positive net cash flows throughout the operation years.
Cumulative cash flow generated by the project towards the end of the first

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 MIXED USE BUILDING
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operation year will amount to Birr 9,259,139. At the end of the project life,
this amount will rise to Birr 23,618,548. The detail is presented in Annex.

6.6 Benefit cost ratio

The BCR is defined as the ratio of the sum of the project’s discounted
benefits to the sum of its discounted investment and operating costs.

6.7 Internal Rate of Return

The internal rate of return (IRR) is an indicator of the efficiency or quality of

an investment. A project is a good investment proposition if its IRR is greater
than the rate of return that could be earned by alternate investments or
putting the money in a bank account. Accordingly, the IRR of the project
after tax is computed to be 34.13% indicating the viability of the project.

6.8 Net present value

Net present value (NPV) is defined as the total present (discounted) value
of a time series of cash flows. NPV aggregates cash flows that occur during
different periods of time during the life of a project into a common
measuring unit i.e. present value. It is a standard method for using the time
value of money to asses’ long-term projects. NPV is an indicator of how
much value an investment or project adds to the capital invested. In
principle a project is accepted if the NPV is non-negative. Accordingly, the
net present value of the project at 10% discount rate is found to be
Birr24,439,417which is acceptable.

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Annex 1. Sales Revenue

Description Project year

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Ground floor Rent
5,240,000 7,164,000 8,180,400 9,298,440 10,528,284 11,881,112 12,369,224 13,006,146 14,806,761 15,787,437
Size
1110 1110 1110 1110 1110 1110 1110 1110 1110 1110
unit price
350 385 424 466 512 564 620 682 750 825
Rent for shop and office 1-3 floor
2,956,800 3,252,480 3,577,728 3,935,501 4,329,051 4,761,956 5,238,152 5,761,967 6,338,163 6,971,980
Size
1110 1110 1110 1110 1110 1110 1110 1110 1110 1110
unit price
224 246 271 298 328 361 397 437 480 528
Rent for shop and office 4-7 floor
2,890,800 3,179,880 3,497,868 3,847,655 4,232,420 4,655,662 5,121,229 5,633,351 6,196,687 6,816,355
Size
1110 1110 1110 1110 1110 1110 1110 1110 1110 1110
unit price
219 241 265 291 321 353 388 427 469 516
Rent for shop and office 8-12 floor 1,980,000 2,217,600 2,439,360 2,439,360 2,683,296 2,683,296 2,951,625 2,951,625 3,246,787 3,246,787
Size 1110 1110 1110 1110 1110 1110 1110 1110 1110 1110
unit price 150 165 182 200 220 242 266 292 322 354
Parking 91,250 100,375 110,413 121,454 133,599 146,959 161,655 177,820 195,602 215,163
Size
1110 1110 1110 1110 1110 1110 1110 1110 1110 1110
unit price
5 5.50 6.05 6.66 7.32 8.05 8.86 9.74 10.72 11.79
Total Sale 17,158,850 18,914,335 20,805,769 22,642,409 24,906,650 27,128,986 29,841,884 32,530,910 35,784,000 39,037,721

Annex 2. operating cost

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Operating years of the project

Description 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
A. Direct cost

Raw Material Cost

513,027 538,678 565,612 593,893 623,588 654,767 687,505 721,881 757,975 795,873
Sub-total
Total Direct cost

B. Indirect cost

 Wages and 238,400 1300,320 365,336 433,603 505,283 580,547 659,574 742,553 829,681 921,165
Salary

 Repair and 667,449.00 667,450.00 667,451.00 667,452.00 667,453.00 667,454.00 667,455.00 667,456.00 667,457.00 667,458.00
Maintenance

 Property 4,275.00 4,275.00 4,275.00 4,275.00 4,275.00 4,275.00 4,275.00 4,275.00 4,275.00 4,275.00
Insurance

 Utility 1,188,000 1,247,400 1,309,770 1,375,259 1,444,021 1,516,222 1,592,034 1,671,635 1,755,217 1,842,978
 Land lease 422,640 422,641 422,642 422,643 422,644 422,645 422,646 422,647 422,648 422,649
 Advertising and 50,000.00 50,001.00 50,002.00 50,003.00 50,004.00 50,005.00 50,006.00 50,007.00 50,008.00 50,009.00
Promotion

 Miscellaneous 40,000.00 40,001.00 40,002.00 40,003.00 44,003.30 48,403.63 53,243.99 58,568.39 64,425.23 70,867.75
Expense

Total operating 4,123,791 4,270,766 4,425,090 4,587,130 4,761,271 4,944,319 5,136,739 5,339,022 5,551,686 5,775,275
cost

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Annex.3 income statement

Operating years of the project

Description 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Sales
Revenue 17,158,850 18,914,335 20,805,769 22,642,409 24,906,650 27,128,986 29,841,884 32,530,910 35,784,000 39,037,721
Less: 4,123,791 4,270,766 4,425,090 4,587,130 4,761,271 4,944,319 5,136,739 5,339,022 5,551,686 5,775,275
Operating
cost
Income 13,035,059 14,643,569 16,380,679 18,055,279 20,145,379 22,184,667 24,705,145 27,191,888 30,232,314 33,262,446
before
Depreciation
and interest

Less: interest 448,658.00 448,658.00 448,658.00 448,658.00 448,659.00 448,660.00 448,661.00 448,662.00 448,663.00 448663

Income 12,586,401 14,194,911 15,932,021 17,606,621 19,696,720 21,736,007 24,256,484 26,743,226 29,783,651 32,813,783
before
Depreciation

Less: 0.00 0.00 667,449 667,450 667,451 667,452 667,453 667,454 667,455 667,455
Depreciation

Profit /Loss 12,586,401 14,194,911 15,264,572.00 16,939,171.00 19,029,269.00 21,068,555.00 23,589,031.00 26,075,772.00 29,116,196.00 32,146,328.00
Before Tax
Less: Tax 3,775,920.30 4,258,473.30 4,579,371.60 5,081,751.30 5,708,780.70 6,320,566.50 7,076,709.30 7,822,731.60 8,734,858.80 9,643,898.40
(30%)
Net Profit or 8,810,480.70 9,936,437.70 10,685,200.40 11,857,419.70 13,320,488.30 14,747,988.50 16,512,321.70 18,253,040.40 20,381,337.20 22,502,429.60
Loss After
Tax

Annex. 4 loan disturbance

Installment Periods (in years )

Item 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Loan disbursed 10,500,000

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Principal 10,500,000 3,451,218 3,451,218 3,451,218 3,451,218 3,451,218 3,451,218 3,451,218

Interest (13%) 4,486,583 448,658 448,658 448,658 448,658 448,658 448,658 448,658 448,658 448,658 448,658
Total 10,545,111 448,658.00 448,658.00 448,658.00 3,899,876.00 3,899,876 3,899,876 3,899,876 3,899,876 3,899,876 3,899,876
Outstanding
Balance

Annex. 5 Man power

SN Position No Qualification Monthly salary in Birr Annual salary in Birr

1 General manager 1 BA in management 10,000 120,000

2 Building admin 1 BA in Acct/Mgt 8,000 96,000

3 Secretary 1 10+2 in secretariat science 3,000 36,000

4 HRM Officer 1 10+2 in HRM/Management 4,000 48,000

5 Technical and maintenance manager 1 Diploma in building maintenance 8,000 96,000

6 Finance head 1 BA in Accounting 6,000 72,000

7 IT Technician 1 Diploma in computer science/IT 6,000 72,000

8 Marketer 1 Diploma in marketing 5,000 60,000

9 Accountant 1 Diploma in accounting 4,000 48,000

10 Guards/Security 4 Basic 2,500 30,000

11 General Service head 1 Diploma in Management 6,000 72,000

12 Purchaser 1 Diploma in purchasing &Sup Mgt 3,500 42,000

13 Electrician 1 10+2 in general electricity 4,000 48,000

14 Plumber 1 10+2 in general mechanic 3,500 42,000

15 Casher 1 10+1 in bookkeeping 3,500 42,000
16 Cleaner 5 Unskilled 3,000 36,000

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17 Maintenance officer 1 10+2 in General mechanic 3,500 42,000

18 Driver 1 10 completed 2,500 30,000

Total 25 86,000 1,032,000

Benefit (20%) 17,200 206,400
Grand Total 103,200 238,400

Annex 6. discounted cash flow

Investment
Project Life years
Year
Description
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

INFLOW

Net sales
revenue 0
17,158,850 18,914,335 20,805,769 22,642,409 24,906,650 27,128,986 29,841,884 32,530,910 35,784,000 39,037,721
TOTAL
INFLOWS 0
17,158,850 18,914,335 20,805,769 22,642,409 24,906,650 27,128,986 29,841,884 32,530,910 35,784,000 39,037,721
OUTFLOWS

Investment
cost - - - - - - - -
15,000,000 - -
Operating cost
0 4,123,791 4,270,766 4,425,090 4,587,130 4,761,271 4,944,319 5,136,739 5,339,022 5,551,686 5,775,275

Income tax
0 3,775,920 4,258,473 4,579,371 5,081,751 5,708,780 6,320,566 7,076,709 7,822,731 8,734,858 9,643,898

TOTAL
8,529,23 12,213,44 13,161,75 14,286,54
OUTFLOWS 15,000,000 7,899,711 9,004,461 9,668,881 10,470,051 11,264,885 15,419,173
9 8 3 4

NET CASH 10,385,096.0 17,628,436.0 19,369,157.0 21,497,456.0

FLOW 10,850,695.00 9,259,139.00 11,801,308.00 12,973,528.00 14,436,599.00 15,864,101.00 23,618,548.00
0 0 0 0

NET PRESENT VALUE (NPV) 244,439,417.00

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INTERNAL RATE OF RETURN (IRR) 34.13%

DISCOUNTED PAYBACK PERIOD (DPBP) 3.9years

Annex 7 undiscounted cash flow

Project Years
Description Investment Year Operating years

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
INFLFOWS
Inflow Funds
Own Equity
4,500,000
Long-term Loan 0 0
10,500,000
Inflow Operations

17,158,850 18,914,335 20,805,769 22,642,409 24,906,650 27,128,986 29,841,884 32,530,910 35,784,000 39,037,721
Sales revenue
0
17,158,850 18,914,335 20,805,769 22,642,409 24,906,650 27,128,986 29,841,884 32,530,910 35,784,000 39,037,721
TOTAL INFLOWS
15,000,000 17,158,850 18,914,335 20,805,769 22,642,409 24,906,650 27,128,986 29,841,884 32,530,910 35,784,000 39,037,721
OUTFLOWS
Investment cost 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
15,000,000
Operating cost 0 4,123,791 4,270,766 4,425,090 4,587,130 4,761,271 4,944,319 5,136,739 5,339,022 551,686 5,775,275
Financing Cost

· Principal 0 0 0 0 3,451,218 3,451,218 3,451,218 3,451,218 3,451,218 3,451,218 3,451,218

·Interest 0 448,65 448,65 448,658 448,65 448,65 448,658 448,658 448,658 448,658 448,658

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8 8 8 8
Income Tax 3,775,92
0 4,258,473 4,579,371 5,081,751 5,708,780 6,320,566 7,076,709 7,822,731 8,734,858 9,643,898
0
TOTAL
8,348,369 8,977,897 9,453,119 13,568,757 14,369,927 15,164,761 16,113,324 17,061,629 13,186,420 19,319,049
OUTFLOWS 15,000,000
NET CASH FLOW 0 8,810,481 9,936,438 11,352,650 9,073,652 10,536,723 11,964,225 13,728,560 15,469,281 22,597,580 19,718,672
BEGINNING
0 0 8,810,481 18,746,919 30,099,569 39,173,221 49,709,944 61,674,169 75,402,729 90,872,010 113,469,590
CASH BALANCE
ENDING CASH
0 8,810,481 18,746,919 30,099,569 39,173,221 49,709,944 61,674,169 75,402,729 90,872,010 113,469,590 133,188,262
BALANCE

Annex. 8 Civil works

No Description
Total price
A. SUB-STRACTURE
1 excavation and earth works
279,570.67
2 concrete work 1,936,546.34
Sub total
1,216,117.01
B. SUPER STRACTURE

1 Concrete work
2,753,358.45
2 Block work
551,534.40
3 Roofing
171,108.00
4 Carpentry and joinery
323,760.00
5 Metal works 820,860.00
6 Finishing
1,111,379.44
7 Painting
275,798.88
8 Electrical installation
236,330.00
9 Sanitary installation
1,151,022.00
Subtotal
8,395,151.17
A+B
14,611,268.18
Vat (15%) 541,690.23

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 MIXED USE BUILDING
BUSINESS PLAN FOR

Grand total
10,152,958.40

47