#L Complex Numbers Exercise 1 :

Single Option Correct Type Questions

n This section contains 30 multiple choice questions. 8. Let a and b be two fixed non-zero complex numbers and
Each question has four choices (a), (b), (c) and (d) out of z is a variable complex number. If the lines
which ONLY ONE is correct a z + a z + 1 = 0 and b z + b z − 1 = 0 are mutually
1. If cos (1 − i ) = a + ib, where a, b ∈ R and i = − 1, then perpendicular, then
1 1 1 1 (a) ab + ab = 0 (b) ab − ab = 0
(a) a = e −  cos 1, b = e +  sin 1
2 e 2 e (c) ab − ab = 0 (d) ab + ab = 0
1 1 1 1
8π   8π 
9. If α = cos 
(b) a = e +  cos 1, b = e −  sin 1
2 e 2 e  + i sin   , where i = − 1, then
 11   11 
1 1 1 1
(c) a = e +  cos 1, b = e +  sin 1 Re (α + α 2 + α 3 + α 4 + α 5 ) is
2 e 2 e
1 1 1 1 1 1
(d) a = (a) (b) − (c) 0 (d) None of these
e −  cos 1, b = e −  sin 1 2 2
2 e 2 e
10. The set of points in an Argand diagram which satisfy both
2. Number of roots of the equation z 10 − z 5 − 992 = 0, where π
real parts are negative, is | z | ≤ 4 and 0 ≤ arg (z ) ≤ , is
(a) 3 (b) 4 (c) 5 (d) 6 3
(a) a circle and a line (b) a radius of a circle
3. If z and z represent adjacent vertices of a regular (c) a sector of a circle (d) an infinite part line
polygon of n sides with centre at origin and if
Im (z ) 11. If f ( x ) = g ( x 3 ) + xh( x 3 ) is divisible by x 2 + x + 1, then
= 2 − 1, the value of n is equal to (a) g( x ) is divisible by ( x − 1 ) but not h( x )
Re (z )
(b) h( x ) is divisible by ( x − 1 ) but not g( x )
(a) 2 (b) 4 (c) 6 (d) 8
r
(c) both g ( x ) and h ( x ) are divisible by ( x − 1 )
4. If Π e ipθ = 1, where Π denotes the continued product
p =1
(d) None of the above
12. If the points represented by complex numbers
and i = − 1, the most general value of θ is z 1 = a + ib, z 2 = c + id and z 1 − z 2 are collinear, where
2nπ 2nπ i = − 1, then
(a) , n ∈I (b) , n ∈I
r (r − 1 ) r (r + 1 ) (a) ad + bc = 0 (b) ad − bc = 0
4nπ 4nπ (c) ab + cd = 0 (d) ab − cd = 0
(c) , n ∈I (d) , n ∈I
r (r − 1 ) r (r + 1 )
13. Let C denotes the set of complex numbers and R is the
(where, n is an integer)
set of real numbers. If the function f : C → R is defined
5. If (3 + i ) (z + z ) − (2 + i ) (z − z ) + 14 i = 0, where i = − 1, by f (z ) = | z |, then
then z z is equal to (a) f is injective but not surjective
(a) 10 (b) 8 (b) f is surjective but not injective
(c) − 9 (d) – 10 (c) f is neither injective nor surjective
(d) f is both injective and surjective
6. The centre of a square ABCD is at z = 0, A is z 1 . Then,
the centroid of ∆ABC is 14. Let α and β be two distinct complex numbers, such that
z1 | α | = | β |. If real part of α is positive and imaginary part
(a) z1 (cos π ± i sin π ) (b) (cos π ± i sin π )
3 of β is negative, then the complex number
 π π z1  π π (α + β ) / (α − β ) may be
(c) z1  cos ± i sin  (d)  cos ± i sin 
 2 2 3  2 2 (a) zero (b) real and negative
(where, i = − 1) (c) real and positive (d) purely imaginary
15. The complex number z, satisfies the condition
3 −i
7. If z = , where i = − 1, then (i 101 + z 101 )103 equals  z − 25  = 24. The maximum distance from the origin of
2
 z
to
(a) iz (b) z
coordinates to the point z, is
(a) 25 (b) 30
(c) z (d) None of these
(c) 32 (d) None of these
 Chap 01 Complex Numbers 65

16. The points A, B and C represent the complex numbers  z 

z1 − 
z 1 , z 2 , (1 − i ) z 1 + iz 2 respectively, on the complex plane | z | π z 
23. If arg  = and − z 1 = 3, then | z 1 | equals to
 z  2 | z | 
(where, i = − 1 ). The ∆ABC, is  
 |z | 
(a) isosceles but not right angled
(b) right angled but not isosceles (a) 3 (b) 2 2 (c) 10 (d) 26
π
24. If | z − 2 − i | = | z |
sin  − arg z 
(c) isosceles and right angled
, where i = − 1, then
(d) None of the above
 4 
17. The system of equations | z + 1 − i | = 2 and | z | = 3 has locus of z, is
(where, i = − 1) (a) a pair of straight lines (b) circle
(c) parabola (d) ellipse
(a) no solution (b) one solution
(c) two solutions (d) None of these 25. If 1, z 1 , z 2 , z 3 , …, z n − 1 are the n, nth roots of unity, then
n −1
18. Dividing f (z ) by z − i, we obtain the remainder 1 − i 1
and dividing it by z + i, we get the remainder 1 + i.
the value of ∑ (3 − z r )
, is
r =1
Then, the remainder upon the division of f (z ) by z 2 + 1, n ⋅ 3n − 1 1 n ⋅ 3n − 1
(a) n + (b) −1
is 3 −1 2 3n − 1
(a) i + z (b) 1 + z
n ⋅ 3n − 1
(c) 1 − z (d) None of these (c) +1 (d) None of these
3n − 1
19. The centre of the circle represented by | z + 1 | = 2 | z − 1 |
26. If z = (3 + 7i ) ( λ + iµ ), when λ , µ ∈ I ~ { 0 } and i = − 1,
on the complex plane, is
5 is purely imaginary then minimum value of | z | 2 is
(a) 0 (b)
3 (a) 0 (b) 58
1 3364
(c) (d) None of these (c) (d) 3364
3 3

20. If x = 9 1 / 3 ⋅ 9 1 / 9 ⋅ 9 1 / 27 … ∞, y = 4 1 / 3 ⋅ 4 − 1 / 9 ⋅ 4 1 / 27 … ∞ and 27. Given, z = f ( x ) + ig ( x ), where i = −1 and

∞ f , g : (0, 1) → (0, 1) are real-valued functions, which of the
z= ∑ (1 + i ) − r , where i = − 1, then arg ( x + yz ) is following hold good?
r =1 1  1  1  1 
(a) z = +i   (b) z = +i  
equal to 1 − ix  1 + ix  1 + ix  1 − ix 
 2
(a) 0 (b) − tan −1   1  1  1  1 
 3  (c) z = +i   (d) z = +i  
1 + ix  1 + ix  1 − ix  1 − ix 
 2   2
(c) − tan −1   (d) π − tan −1   28. If z 3 + (3 + 2i ) z + ( − 1 + ia ) = 0, where i = −1, has one
 3  3 
real root, the value of a lies in the interval (a ∈ R )
21. If centre of a regular hexagon is at origin and one of the (a) ( − 2, − 1 ) (b) ( − 1, 0 )
vertices on Argand diagram is 1 + 2i, where i = − 1, (c) ( 0, 1 ) (d) (1, 2 )
then its perimeter is 29. If m and n are the smallest positive integers satisfying
m n
(a) 2 5 (b) 4 5  π  π
(c) 6 5 (d) 8 5 the relation 2 CiS  =  4 CiS  , where i = − 1,
 6  4
 n  (m + n ) equals to
22. Let | z r − r | ≤ r , ∀ r = 1, 2, 3, …, n, then ∑ z r is less than (a) 60 (b) 72 (c) 96 (d) 120
r = 1 
30. Number of imaginary complex numbers satisfying the
(a) n (b) 2n
n(n + 1 ) equation, z 2 = z ⋅ 21 − | z | is
(c) n(n + 1 ) (d)
2 (a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3
66 Textbook of Algebra

#L Complex Numbers Exercise 2 :

More than One Option Correct Type Questions
n This section contains 15 multiple choice questions. z1 − z 4
(a) is purely real
Each question has four choices (a), (b), (c) and (d) out of z2 − z3
which MORE THAN ONE may be correct. z − z3
(b) 1 is purely imaginary
z +1 z2 − z4
31. If is a purely imaginary number (where i = − 1),
z +i (c) | z1 − z 3 | ≠ | z 2 − z 4 |
then z lies on a  z − z4  z − z4 
(a) straight line (d) amp  1  ≠ amp  2 
z2 − z4  z3 − z4 
(b) circle
(c) circle with radius =
1 38. If | z − 3 | = min {| z − 1 |, | z − 5 | }, then Re(z ) is equal to
2 (a) 2 (b) 2.5 (c) 3.5 (d) 4
(d) circle passing through the origin
π 2π
39. If arg (z + a ) = and arg (z − a ) = (a ∈ R + ), then
32. If z satisfies | z − 1 | < | z + 3 |, then ω = 2 z + 3 − i (where, 6 3
i = − 1) satisfies (a) | z | = a (b) | z | = 2a
π π
(a) | ω − 5 − i | < | ω + 3 + i | (b) | ω − 5 | < | ω + 3 | (c) arg (z ) = (d) arg (z ) =
π 3 2
(c) Im (iω ) > 1 (d) | arg (ω − 1 )| <
2 40. If z = x + iy, where i = −1, then the equation
33. If the complex number is (1 + ri ) = λ (1 + i ), when  (2z − i )

3
 = m represents a circle, then m can be
i = − 1, for some real λ, the value of r can be  (z + i ) 
π 3π 1
(a) cos (b) cosec (a) (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) ∈(3, 2 3 )
5 2 2
π π
(c) cot (d) tan 41. Equation of tangent drawn to circle | z | = r at the point
12 12
A (z 0 ), is
34. If z ∈ C , which of the following relation(s) represents a z z
circle on an Argand diagram? (a) Re   = 1 (b) Im   = 1
z0 z0
(a) | z − 1 | + | z + 1 | = 3 (b) | z − 3 | = 2
z 
(c) | z − 2 + i | =
7
(d) (z − 3 + i ) ( z − 3 − i ) = 5 (c) Im  0  = 1 (d) z z 0 + z 0 z = 2 r 2
z
3
(where, i = −1 ) 42. z 1 and z 2 are the roots of the equation z 2 − az + b = 0,
35. If 1, z 1 , z 2 , z 3 , …, z n − 1 be the n, nth roots of unity and ω where | z 1 | = | z 2 | = 1 and a, b are non-zero complex
numbers, then
be a non-real complex cube root of unity, then
n −1 (a) | a | ≤ 1 (b) | a | ≤ 2
∏ (ω − z r ) can be equal to (c) arg (a ) = arg (b 2 ) (d) arg (a 2 ) = arg (b )
r =1
(a) 1 + ω (b) − 1 43. If α is a complex constant, such that αz 2 + z + α = 0 has
(c) 0 (d) 1 a real root, then
(a) α + α = 1
36. If z is a complex number which simultaneously satisfies
(b) α + α = 0
the equations
(c) α + α = −1
3 | z − 12 | = 5 | z − 8i | and | z − 4 | = | z − 8 |, where (d) the absolute value of real root is 1
i = − 1 , then Im (z ) can be
44. If the equation z 3 + (3 + i ) z 2 − 3z − (m + i ) = 0, where
(a) 8 (b) 17
(c) 7 (d) 15 i = −1 and m ∈ R, has atleast one real root, value of m is
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 5
37. If P (z 1 ), Q(z 2 ), R(z 3 ) and S(z 4 ) are four complex
numbers representing the vertices of a rhombus taken in 45. If z + (3 + 2i ) z + ( − 1 + ia ) = 0, where i = − 1, has one
3

order on the complex plane, which one of the following real root, the value of a lies in the interval (a ∈ R )
is hold good? (a) ( − 2, 1 ) (b) ( − 1, 0 ) (c) ( 0, 1 ) (d) (− 2, 3)
 Chap 01 Complex Numbers 67

Complex Numbers Exercise 3 :

Passage Based Questions
n This section contains 4 passages. Based upon each of Passage III
the passage 3 multiple choice questions have to be (Q. Nos. 52 to 54)
answered. Each of these questions has four choices (a),
(b), (c) and (d) out of which ONLY ONE is correct. For any two complex numbers z1 and z 2 ,
| z | − | z 2 |
| z1 − z 2 | ≥  1
Passage I  | z 2 | − | z1 |
(Q. Nos. 46 to 48)
and equality holds iff origin z 1 and z 2 are collinear
π , if arg ( z ) < 0 and z 1 , z 2 lie on the same side of the origin.
arg ( z ) + arg ( − z ) =  , where
 − π , if arg ( z ) > 0 52. If z −  = 2 and sum of greatest and least values of | z |
1
− π < arg ( z ) ≤ π.  z
is λ, then λ 2 , is
46. If arg (z ) > 0, then arg ( − z ) − arg (z ) is equal to (a) 2 (b) 4 (c) 6 (d) 8
π
(a) − π (b) −
53. If z +  = 4 and sum of greatest and least values of | z |
2
2
π  z
(c) (d) π
2 is λ, then λ 2 , is
(a) 12 (b) 18 (c) 24 (d) 30
47. Let z 1 and z 2 be two non-zero complex numbers, such
54. If z −  = 6 and sum of greatest and least values of | z | is
3
that | z 1 | = | z 2 | and arg (z 1 z 2 ) = π, then z 1 is equal to
(a) z 2 (b) z 2  z
(c) − z 2 (d) − z 2 2λ, then λ 2 , is
(a) 12 (b) 18 (c) 24 (d) 30
 z1 
48. If arg ( 4 z 1 ) − arg (5 z 2 ) = π, then is equal to
z2  Passage IV
(a) 1 (b) 1.25 (Q. Nos. 55 to 57)
(c) 1.50 (d) 2.50
Consider the two complex numbers z and w, such that
Passage II z −1
w= = a + ib, where a, b ∈ R and i = − 1.
(Q. Nos. 49 to 51) z+2
Sum of four consecutive powers of i (iota) is zero.
55. If z = C iS θ, which of the following does hold good?
i.e., i n + i n + 1 + i n + 2 + i n + 3 = 0, ∀ n ∈ I . 9b
(a) sin θ =
25 1 − 4a
49. If Σ i n ! = a + ib, where i = −1, then a − b , is 1 − 5a
n =1 (b) cos θ =
1 + 4a
(a) prime number
(b) even number (c) (1 + 5a ) 2 + (3b ) 2 = (1 − 4a ) 2
(c) composite number (d) All of these
(d) perfect number b
95 50 56. Which of the following is the value of − , whenever it
Σ Σ
a
50. If ir + i r ! = a + ib, where i = −1, the unit place exists?
r=−2 r=0
 θ 1  θ
digit of a 2011
+b2012
, is (a) 3 tan   (b) tan  
 2 3  2
(a) 2 (b) 3
1 θ
(c) 5 (d) 6 (c) − cot θ (d) 3 cot
3 2
100 101
51. If Σ i r ! + rΠ= 1 i r
r=4
= a + ib, where i = −1, then a + 75b , is 57. Which of the following equals to | z | ?
(a) | w | (b) (a + 1 ) 2 + b 2
(a) 11 (b) 22
(c) 33 (d) 44 (c) a + (b + 2 )
2 2
(d) (a + 1 ) 2 + (b + 1 ) 2
68 Textbook of Algebra

#L Complex Numbers Exercise 4 :

Single Integer Answer Type Questions
n This section contains 10 questions. The answer to π 1 − π i π −i 
each question is a single digit integer, ranging from 0 63. If z = (1 + i ) 4  +  , where i = −1,
to 9 (both inclusive).
4  π +i 1 + π i
 |z | 
58. The number of values of z (real or complex) then   equals to
 amp (z )
simultaneously satisfying the system of equations
1 + z + z 2 + z 3 + … + z 17 = 0
64. Suppose A is a complex number and n ∈ N , such that
A n = ( A + 1)n = 1, then the least value of n is
and 1 + z + z 2 + z 3 + … + z 13 = 0 is
65. Let z r ; r = 1, 2, 3, …, 50 be the roots of the equation
59. Number of complex numbers z satisfying z 3 = z is 50 50
1
60. Let z = 9 + ai, where i = − 1 and a be non-zero real. ∑ ( z )r = 0. If ∑ (z = − 5λ, then λ equals to
r=0 r =1 r − 1)
p
If Im (z ) = Im (z ), sum of the digits of a is
2 3 2 32  10  2qπ 2qπ  
66. If P = Σ (3p + 2)  Σ sin − i cos  , where
61. Number of complex numbers z, such that | z | = 1 p =1 q = 1  11 11  

i = − 1 and if (1 + i ) P = n (n !), n ∈ N , then the value of n is
and +  = 1 is
z z
z z 67. The least positive integer n for which
1 + x 2 
n
62. If x = a + ib, where a, b ∈ R and i = − 1 and x = 3 + 4i, 2 1 + i  2 −1
  = sin   , where x > 0 and i = −1 is
x 3 = 2 + 11i, the value of (a + b ) is 1 − i  π  2x 

#L Complex Numbers Exercise 5 :

Matching Type Questions
n
This section contains 4 questions. Questions 68 and 69 have three statements (A, B and C) given in Column I and
four statements (p, q, r and s) in Column II and questions 70 and 71 have four statements (A, B, C and D) given in
Column I and five statements (p, q, r, s and t) in Column II. Any given statement in Column I can have correct
matching with one or more statement(s) given in Column II.

68. Column I Column II

If z −  = 2 and if greatest and least values of | z | are G and L respectively, then G − L , is
1
(A) (p) natural number
 z

Ifz +  = 4 and if greatest and least values of | z | are G and L respectively, then G − L , is
2
(B) (q) prime number
 z

If z −  = 6 and if greatest and least values of | z | are G and L respectively, then G − L , is
3
(C) (r) composite number
 z
(s) perfect number

69.
Column I Column II

(A) If (6 + 8 i ) + (− 6 + 8 i ) = z1 , z2 , z3 , z4 (where i = − 1), then | z1 |2 + | z2 |2 | + | z3 |2 + | z4 |2 is divisible by (p) 7

(B) If (5 − 12i ) + (− 5 − 12i ) = z1 , z2 , z3 , z4 (where i = − 1), then | z1 |2 + | z2 |2 + | z3 |2 + | z4 |2 is divisible by (q) 8

(C) If (8 + 15 i ) + (− 8 − 15 i ) = z1 , z2 , z3 , z4(where i = − 1), then | z1 |2 + | z2 |2 + | z3 |2 + | z4 |2 is divisible by (r) 13

(s) 17
 Chap 01 Complex Numbers 69

70. 71. Column I Column II

Column I Column
II (A)
If z −  = 5 and maximum and
6 (p) λµ + µ λ = 8
 z
(A) If λ and µ are the unit’s place digits of (p) 2
minimum values of | z | are λ and µ
(143)861 and (5273)1358 respectively,
respectively, then
then λ + µ is divisible by
(B)
If z −  = 6 and maximum and
7 (q) λµ − µ λ = 7
(B) If λ and µ are the unit’s place digits (q) 3
 z
of (212)7820 and (1322)1594
minimum values of | z | are λ and µ
respectively, then λ + µ is divisible
respectively, then
by
(C)
If z −  = 7 and maximum and
8 (r) λµ + µ λ = 7
(C) If λ and µ are the unit’s place digits of (r) 4
 z
(136)786 and (7138)13491 respectively,
minimum values of | z | are λ and µ
then λ + µ is divisible by
respectively, then
(s) 5
(s) λµ − µ λ = 6
(t) 6
(t) λµ + µ λ = 9

#L Complex Numbers Exercise 6 :

Statement I and II Type Questions
n
Directions (Q. Nos. 72 to 78) are Assertion-Reason 75. Statement-1 Locus of z satisfying the equation
type questions. Each of these questions contains two | z − 1 | + | z − 8 | = 5 is an ellipse.
statements:
Statement-1 (Assertion) and Statement-2 (Reason) Statement-2 Sum of focal distances of any point on
Each of these questions also has four alternative ellipse is constant for an ellipse.
choices, only one of which is the correct answer. You 76. Let z 1 , z 2 and z 3 be three complex numbers in AP.
have to select the correct choice as given below.
(a) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is true; Statement-2 Statement-1 Points representing z 1 , z 2 and z 3 are
is a correct explanation for Statement-1 collinear.
(b) Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is true; Statement-2 Statement-2 Three numbers a, b and c are in AP, if
is not a correct explanation for Statement-1 b − a = c − b.
(c) Statement1 is true, Statement-2 is false
77. Statement-1 If the principal argument of a complex
(d) Statement-1 is false, Statement-2 is true
number z is θ, the principal argument of z 2 is 2θ.
72. Statement-1 3 + 7i > 2 + 4i, where i = − 1.
Statement-2 arg (z 2 ) = 2 arg (z )
Statement-2 3 > 2 and 7 > 4
78. Consider the curves on the Argand plane as
73. Statement-1 (cos θ + i sin φ) 3 = cos 3 θ + i sin 3 φ, π
i = −1 C 1 : arg (z ) = ,
2 4
 π π 3π
Statement-2  cos + i sin  = i C 2 : arg (z ) =
 4 4 4
74. Statement-1 Let z 1 , z 2 and z 3 be three complex and C 3 : arg (z − 5 − 5i ) = π, where i = −1.
numbers, such that | 3z 1 + 1 | = | 3z 2 + 1 | = | 3z 3 + 1 | and Statement-1 Area of the region bounded by the curves
1 + z 1 + z 2 + z 3 = 0, then z 1 , z 2 , z 3 will represent vertices 25
of an equilateral triangle on the complex plane. C 1 , C 2 and C 3 is .
2
Statement-2 z 1 , z 2 and z 3 represent vertices of an Statement–2 The boundaries of C 1 , C 2 and C 3 constitute
equilateral triangle, if a right isosceles triangle.
z 12 + z 22 + z 32 + z 1z 2 + z 2 z 3 + z 3 z 1 = 0.
70 Textbook of Algebra

Complex Numbers Exercise 7 :

Subjective Type Questions
n In this section, there are 24 subjective questions. 88. Show that if a and b are real, then the principal value of
79. If z 1 , z 2 and z 3 are three complex numbers, then prove arg (a ) is 0 or π, according as a is positive or negative and
π π
that z 1 Im ( z 2 z 3 ) + z 2 Im ( z 3 z 1 ) + z 3 Im (z 1 z 2 ) = 0. that of b is or − , according as b is positive or negative.
2 2
80. The roots z 1 , z 2 and z 3 of the equation
89. Two different non-parallel lines meet the circle | z | = r .
x 3 + 3ax 2 + 3bx + c = 0 in which a, b and c are complex
One of them at points a and b and the other which is
numbers, correspond to the points A, B, C on the tangent to the circle at c. Show that the point of
Gaussian plane. Find the centroid of the ∆ ABC and 2c −1 − a −1 − b −1
show that it will be equilateral, if a 2 = b. intersection of two lines is .
c − 2 − a −1b −1
81. If 1, α 1 , α 2 , α 3 and α 4 are the roots of x
− 1 = 0, then 5
90. A, B and C are the points representing the complex
prove that
numbers z 1 , z 2 and z 3 respectively, on the complex
ω − α1 ω − α 2 ω − α 3 ω − α 4 plane and the circumcentre of ∆ABC lies at the origin. If
⋅ ⋅ ⋅ = ω, where ω is
ω 2 − α1 ω 2 − α 2 ω 2 − α 3 ω 2 − α 4 the altitude of the triangle through the vertex A meets
a non-real complex root of unity. the circumcircle again at P, prove that P represents the
 z z 
82. If z 1 and z 2 both satisfy the relation z + z = 2 z − 1 and complex number  − 2 3  .
 z1 
π
arg (z 1 − z 2 ) = , find the imaginary part of (z 1 + z 2 ). 91. If | z | ≤ 1 and | ω | ≤ 1, show that
4
83. If ax + cy + bz = X , cx + by + az = Y , bx + ay + cz = Z, | z − ω | 2 ≤ (| z | − | ω | ) 2 + {arg (z ) − arg (ω )} 2 .
show that 92. Let z, z 0 be two complex numbers. It is given that | z | = 1
(i) (a 2 + b 2 + c 2 − bc − ca − ab ) ( x 2 + y 2 and the numbers z, z 0 , z z 0 , 1 and 0 are represented in an
Argand diagram by the points P, P0 , Q, A and the origin,
+ z − yz − zx − xy ) = X
2 2
+Y 2
+ Z − YZ − ZX − XY
2
respectively. Show that ∆POP0 and ∆AOQ are
(ii) (a 3 + b 3 + c 3 − 3abc ) ( x 3 + y 3 + z 3 − 3xyz ) congruent. Hence, or otherwise, prove that
= X 3 + Y 3 + Z 3 − 3XYZ . | z − z 0 | = | z z 0 − 1 |.
93. Suppose the points z 1 , z 2 , …, z n (z i ≠ 0) all lie on one
84. For every real number c ≥ 0, find all complex numbers z
side of a line drawn through the origin of the complex
which satisfy the equation | z | 2 − 2iz + 2c (1 + i ) = 0,
planes. Prove that the same is true of the points
where i = −1 . 1 1 1
, , …, . Moreover, show that
85. Find the equations of two lines making an angle of 45° z1 z 2 zn
with the line (2 − i ) z + (2 + i ) z + 3 = 0, where i = −1 1 1 1
z 1 + z 2 + … + z n ≠ 0 and + +…+ ≠ 0.
and passing through ( − 1, 4 ). z1 z 2 zn

86. For n ≥ 2, show that 94. If a, b and c are complex numbers and z satisfies
2  2 2
 1 + i   1 + i    1 + i   az 2 + bz + c = 0, prove that | a | | b | = a (b ) 2 c and
1 + 
  2   1 +    1 +  
    2     2   | a | = | c | ⇔ | z | = 1.
 
 2n 
95. Let z 1 , z 2 and z 3 be three non-zero complex numbers
1 + i    1 
… 1 +   = (1 + i ) 1 − n  , where i = −1. | z1 | | z 2 | | z 3 |
  2    22  and z 1 ≠ z 2 . If | z 2 | | z 3 | | z 1 | = 0, prove that
 
| z 3 | | z1 | | z 2 |
87. Find the point of intersection of the curves
arg (z − 3i ) = 3π / 4 and arg (2z + 1 − 2i ) = π , where
(i) z 1 , z 2 , z 3 lie on a circle with the centre at origin.
4 2
z  z − z1 
i = − 1. (ii) arg  3  = arg  3  .
z 2  z 2 − z1 
 Chap 01 Complex Numbers 71

96. Prove that, if z 1 and z 2 are two complex numbers and π 3π 5π 1

(iii) sin sin sin =
 1 14 14 14 8
c > 0, then | z 1 + z 2 | 2 ≤ (1 + c ) | z 1 | 2 + 1 +  | z 2 | 2 . π 3π 5π 1
 c (iv) tan tan tan =
14 14 14 7
97. Find the circumcentre of the triangle whose vertices are
given by the complex numbers z 1 , z 2 and z 3 . Also, show that
98. Find the orthocentre of the triangle whose vertices are  π
(1 + y ) 7 + (1 − y ) 7 = 14 y 2 + tan 2 
given by the complex numbers z 1 , z 2 and z 3 .  14 
 2 2 3π   2 2 5π 
99. Prove that the roots of the equation y + tan  y + tan 
π 3π 5π  14   14 
8x 3 − 4 x 2 − 4 x + 1 = 0 are cos , cos and cos .
7 7 7 and then deduce that
Hence, obtain the equations whose roots are  π  3π   5π 
tan 2   + tan 2   + tan 2   = 5
π 3π 5π  14   14   14 
(i) sec 2 , sec 2 , sec 2
7 7 7
101. If the complex number z is to satisfy
2 π 2 3π 2 5π
(ii) tan , tan , tan | z | = 3, | z − {a (1 + i ) − i }| ≤ 3 and| z + 2a − (a + 1) i | > 3, where
7 7 7 i = − 1 simultaneously for atleast one z, then find all
π 3π 5π
(iii) Evaluate sec + sec + sec a ∈ R.
7 7 7
100. Solve the equation z 7 + 1 = 0 and deduce that 102. Write equations whose roots are equal to numbers
π 2π 3π nπ
π 3π 5π 1 (i) sin 2 , sin 2 , sin 2 , ..., sin 2 .
(i) cos cos cos =− 2n + 1 2n + 1 2n + 1 2n + 1
7 7 7 8
π 3π 5π π 2π 3π nπ
(ii) cos cos cos =
7 (ii) cot 2 , cot 2 , cot 2 , ..., cot 2 .
14 14 14 8 2n + 1 2n + 1 2n + 1 2n + 1

#L Complex Numbers Exercise 8 :

Questions Asked in Previous 13 Years’ Exams
n
This section contains questions asked in IIT-JEE, π
(a) | z − 1 | > 2; | arg (z − 1 )| <
AIEEE, JEE Main & JEE Advanced from year 2005 4
to year 2017. π
(b) | z − 1 | > 2; | arg (z − 1 )| <
2
103. If ω is a cube root of unity but not equal to 1, then π
(c) | z + 1 | > 2; | arg (z + 1 )| <
minimum value of | a + bω + cω 2 |, (where a, b and c are 4
integers but not all equal), is π
(d) | z + 1 | > 2; | arg (z + 1 )| <
[IIT-JEE 2005, 3M] 3
3
(a) 0 (b) (c) 1 (d) 2 105. If one of the vertices of the square circumscribing the
2 circle | z − 1 | = 2 is 2 + 3i, where i = − 1. Find the
104. PQ and PR are two infinite rays. QAR is an arc. Point other vertices of the square. [IIT-JEE 2005, 4M]
lying in the shaded region excluding the boundary
106. If z 1 and z 2 are two non-zero complex numbers, such
satisfies [IIT-JEE 2005, 3M]
that | z 1 + z 2 | = | z 1 | + | z 2 |, then arg (z 1 ) − arg (z 2 ) is
Y
(–1+√2, √2i) equal to [AIEEE 2005, 3M]
Q (a) − π (b) − π / 2
0) (1,0) (c) π / 2 (d) 0
(–1,
P A
X′
O
X 107. If 1, ω, ω 2 are the cube roots of unity, then the roots of
the equation ( x − 1) 3 + 8 = 0 are [AIEEE 2005, 3M]
R (a) − 1, 1 + 2 ω, 1 + 2 ω 2
(b) − 1, 1 − 2 ω, 1 − 2 ω 2
(–1+√2, –√2 i )
Y′ (c) − 1, − 1, − 1 (d) None of these
72 Textbook of Algebra

108. If ω =
z
and | ω | = 1, where i = − 1, then z lies on 115. The number of elements in the set A ∩ B ∩ C , is
1
z− i (a) 0 (b) 1
3 [AIEEE 2005, 3M] (c) 2 (d) ∞
(a) a straight line (b) a parabola 116. Let z be any point in A ∩ B ∩ C . Then,
(c) an ellipse (d) a circle
| z + 1 − i | 2 + | z − 5 − i | 2 lies between
109. If ω = α + iβ, where β ≠ 0, i = − 1 and z ≠ 1, satisfies the
(a) 25 and 29 (b) 30 and 34
 ω − ωz 
condition that   is purely real, the set of values (c) 35 and 39 (d) 40 and 44
 1 −z 
117. Let z be any point in A ∩ B ∩ C and ω be any point
of z is [IIT-JEE 2006, 3M]
satisfying | ω − 2 − i | < 3. Then, | z | − | ω | + 3 lies between
(a) {z : | z | = 1 } (b) {z : z = z }
(a) − 6 and 3 (b) − 3 and 6
(c) {z : z ≠ 1 } (d) {z : | z | = 1, z ≠ 1 }
(c) − 6 and 6 (d) − 3 and 9
2kπ 2kπ 
110. The value of Σ sin
10
+ i cos  (where i = − 1) 118. A particle P starts from the point z 0 = 1 + 2i, i = −1. It
 k =1 11 11 
moves first horizontally away from origin by 5 units and
is [AIEEE 2006, 3M]
then vertically away from origin by 3 units to reach a
(a) i (b) 1
point z 1 . From z 1 , the particle moves 2 units in the
(c) − 1 (d) − i
direction of the vector i$ + $j and then it moves through
111. If z 2 + z + 1 = 0, where z is a complex number, the value of
π
2 2 2 2 an angle in anti-clockwise direction on a circle with
 1  2 1  3 1  6 1
z +  + z + 2  + z + 3  + … + z + 6  2
 z  z   z   z  centre at origin, to reach a point z 2 , then the point z 2 is
is [AIEEE 2006, 6M] given by [IIT-JEE 2008, 3M]
(a) 18 (b) 54 (a) 6 + 7i (b) − 7 + 6i
(c) 6 (d) 12 (c) 7 + 6i (d) − 6 + 7i
112. A man walks a distance of 3 units from the origin 1
119. If the conjugate of a complex numbers is , where
towards the North-East (N 45° E) direction. From there, i −1
he walks a distance of 4 units towards the North-West i = − 1. Then, the complex number is [AIEEE 2008, 3M]
(N 45° W) direction to reach a point P. Then, the position
−1 1
of P in the Argand plane, is [IIT-JEE 2007, 3M] (a) (b)
i −1 i +1
(a) 3 e iπ / 4 + 4i (b) (3 − 4i ) e iπ / 4
−1 1
(c) ( 4 + 3i ) e iπ / 4 (d) (3 + 4i ) e iπ / 4 (c) (d)
i +1 i −1
(where i = −1)
z 120. Let z = x + iy be a complex number, where x and y are
113. If | z | = 1 and z ≠ ± 1, then all the values of lie on integers and i = − 1. Then, the area of the rectangle
1−z2
[IIT-JEE 2007, 3M] whose vertices are the roots of the equation
(a) a line not passing through the origin z z 3 + z z 3 = 350, is [IIT-JEE 2009, 3M]
(b) | z | = 2 (a) 48 (b) 32
(c) the X -axis (c) 40 (d) 80
(d) the Y -axis 121. Let z = cos θ + i sin θ, where i = − 1. Then the value of
114. If | z + 4 | ≤ 3, the maximum value of | z + 1 | is 15

[AIEEE 2007, 3M]

Σ Im (z 2 m − 1 ) at θ = 2° is
m =1 [IIT-JEE 2009, 3M]
(a) 4 (b) 10 1 1
(c) 6 (d) 0 (a) (b)
sin 2 ° 3 sin 2 °
Passage (Q. Nos. 115 to 117) (c)
1
(d)
1
Let A , B and C be three sets of complex numbers as defined 2 sin 2 ° 4 sin 2 °
A = {z : Im ( z ) ≥ 1}
122. If  z −  = 2, the maximum value of | z | is equal to
below: 4
B = {z : | z − 2 − i | = 3}  z [AIEEE 2009, 4M]
C = {z : Re ((1 − i ) z ) = 2}, where i = − 1 (a) 2 + 2 (b) 3 + 1
[IIT-JEE 2008, 4+4+4M] (c) 5 + 1 (d) 2
 Chap 01 Complex Numbers 73

123. Let z 1 and z 2 be two distinct complex numbers and 128. If z is any complex number satisfying | z − 3 − 2i | ≤ 2 ,
z = (1 − t ) z 1 + iz 2 , for some real number t with 0 < t < 1 where i = − 1 , then the minimum value of | 2z − 6 + 5i |,
and i = − 1 . If arg (w ) denotes the principal argument is [IIT-JEE 2011, 4M]
of a non-zero complex number w, then [IIT-JEE 2010, 3M] 129. The set
(a) | z − z1| + | z − z 2| = | z1 − z 2 |   2iz  
(b) arg (z − z1 ) = arg (z − z 2 )  Re   : z is a complex number | z | = 1, z ≠ ± 1 is
z − z1 z − z1   1 − z 2  
(c) =0
z 2 − z1 z 2 − z1 [IIT-JEE 2011, 2M]
(d) arg (z − z1 ) = arg (z 2 − z1 ) (a) ( − ∞, − 1 ] ∩ [1, ∞ ) (b) ( − ∞, 0 ) ∪ ( 0, ∞ )
2π 2π (c) ( − ∞, − 1 ) ∪ (1, ∞ ) (d) [2, ∞ )
124. Let ω be the complex number cos + i sin , where
3 3  1 
130. The maximum value of arg   for | z | = 1, z ≠ 1, is
i = − 1, then the number of distinct complex numbers z 1 − z 
z +1 ω ω2 given by [IIT-JEE 2011, 2M]
π π π 2π
satisfying ω z + ω2 1 = 0, is equal to (a) (b) (c) (d)
6 3 2 3
ω2 1 z +ω
[IIT-JEE 2010, 3M] 131. Let w = e iπ / 3 , where i = − 1 and a, b, c , x , y and z be
(a) 0 (b) 1
non-zero complex numbers such that
(c) 2 (d) 3
a +b +c = x
125. Match the statements in Column I with those in a + bw + cw 2 = y
Column II.
a + bw 2 + cw = z.
[Note Here, z takes values in the complex plane and Im
(z ) and Re (z ) denote respectively, the imaginary part | x |2 + | y |2 + | z |2
The value of , is
and the real part of z.] [IIT- JEE 2010, 8M] | a |2 + | b |2 + | c |2 [IIT-JEE 2011, 4M]

Column I Column II 132. Let α and β be real and z be a complex number. If

(A) The set of points z satisfying (p) an ellipse with z 2 + α z + β = 0 has two distinct roots on the line
| z − i | z || = | z + i | z ||, where eccentricity 4/5
Re (z ) = 1, then it is necessary that [AIEEE 2011, 4M]
i = − 1, is contained in or equal to
(a) β ∈ ( − 1, 0 ) (b) | β | = 1
(B) The set of points z satisfying (q) the set of points z (c) β ∈ (1, ∞ ) (d) β ∈( 0, 1 )
| z + 4 | + | z − 4 | = 10 is contained in satisfying
or equal to Im (z) = 0
133. If ω ( ≠ 1) is a cube root of unity and (1 + ω ) 7 = A + Bω,
1 (r) the set of points z then ( A, B ) equals to [AIEEE 2011, 4M]
(C) If | w | = 2, the set of points z = w − (a) (1, 1) (b) (1, 0)
w satisfying
is contained in or equal to |Im (z)| ≤ 1 (c) (−1, 1) (d) (0, 1)
1 (s) the set of points 134. Let z be a complex number such that the imaginary part
(D) If | w | = 1, the set of points z = w +
w satisfying of z is non-zero and a = z 2 + z + 1 is real. Then, a cannot
is contained in or equal to |Re (z) | ≤ 2
take the value [IIT-JEE 2012, 3M]
(t) the set of points z 1 1 3
satisfying | z | ≤ 3 (a) −1 (b) (c) (d)
3 2 4
126. If α and β are the roots of the equation x 2 − x + 1 = 0, z2
135. If z ≠ 1 and is real, the point represented by the
α 2009 + β 2009 is equal to [AIEEE 2010, 4M] z −1
(a) – 1 (b) 1 complex number z lies [AIEEE 2012, 4M]
(c) 2 (d) – 2 (a) on a circle with centre at the origin
127. The number of complex numbers z, such that (b) either on the real axis or on a circle not passing through
the origin
| z − 1 | = | z + 1 | = | z − i |, where i = − 1, equals to
(c) on the imaginary axis
[AIEEE 2010, 4M]
(d) either on the real axis or on a circle passing through the
(a) 1 (b) 2
origin
(c) ∞ (d) 0
74 Textbook of Algebra

136. If z is a complex number of unit modulus and argument 5

(a) is strictly greater than
1 + z 2
θ, then arg   equals to 5
1 + z  [JEE Main 2013, 4M]
(b) is equal to
2
π 3 5
(a) −θ (b) θ (c) is strictly greater than but less than
2 2 2
(c) π − θ (d) −θ (d) lies in the interval (1, 2)

137. Let complex numbers α and

1  2k π   2k π 
lie on circles 142. Let z k = cos   + i sin   ; k = 1, 2,K, 9. Then,
α  10   10 
( x − x 0 ) 2 + (y − y 0 ) 2 = r 2 and match the column.
( x − x 0 ) 2 + (y − y 0 ) 2 = 4 r 2 , respectively. If
Column I Column II
z 0 = x 0 + i y 0 satisfies the equation 2 | z 0 | 2 = r 2 + 2 ,
(A) For each zk there exists a z j such that (1) True
then | α | equals to [JEE Advanced 2013, 2M] zk ⋅ z j = 1
1 1 1 1
(a) (b) (c) (d)
2 2 7 3 (B) There exists a k ∈{1, 2, K , 9} such that (2) False
z1 ⋅ z = zk has no solution z in the set of
3 +i complex numbers
138. Let w = and P = {w n : n = 1, 2, 3, K }. Further,
2 (C) |1 − z1 ||1 − z2 | K |1 − z9 | (3) 1
 1   1  equals to
H 1 = z ∈ C : Re(z ) >  and H 2 = z ∈ C : Re(z ) <  −   , 10
 2   2 
 2kπ 
9
where C is the set of all complex numbers. If (D) 1− ∑ cos  10  equals to (4) 2
z 1 ∈ P ∩ H 1 , z 2 ∈ P ∩ H 2 and O represents the origin, k=1

then ∠z 1O z 2 equals to
[JEE Advanced 2013, 3M] [JEE Advanced 2014, 3M]
π π Codes
(a) (b)
2 6 A B C D A B C D
2π 5π (a) 1 2 4 3 (b) 2 1 3 4
(c) (d)
3 6 (c) 1 2 3 4 (d) 2 1 4 3

Passage (Q. Nos. 139 to 140) 143. A complex number z is said to be unimodular if | z | = 1.
Let S = S 1 ∩ S 2 ∩ S 3 , where Suppose z 1 and z 2 are complex numbers such that
z 1 − 2z 2
S 1 = {z ∈ C : | z | < 4}, is unimodular and z 2 is not unimodular. Then
2 − z 1z 2
  z − 1 + 3i 
S 2 =  z ∈ C : Im   > 0 the point z 1 lies on a [JEE Main 2015, 4M]
  1 − 3i   (a) circle of radius z
(b) circle of radius 2
and S 3 = {z ∈ C : Re z > 0}. [JEE Advanced 2013, 3+3M]
(c) straight line parallel to X -axis
139. min | 1 − 3i − z | equals to (d) straight line parallel to Y -axis
z ∈S
2− 3 2+ 3 144. Let ω ≠ 1 be a complex cube root of unity.
(a) (b)
2 2 If (3 − 3 ω + 2 ω 2 ) 4n + 3 + (2 + 3 ω − 3 ω 2 ) 4n + 3
3− 3 3+ 3 +( −3 + 2 ω + 3 ω 2 ) 4n + 3 = 0, then possible value(s) of n is
(c) (d)
2 2 (are) [JEE Advanced 2015, 2M]
140. Area of S equals to (a) 1 (b) 2
10 π 20 π (c) 3 (d) 4
(a) (b)
kπ   kπ 
3
16 π
3
32 π
145. For any integer k, let α k = cos   + i sin   , where
(c) (d) 7 7
12
3 3
141. If z is a complex number such that | z | ≥ 2, then the
∑ | αk +1 − αk |
k =1
i = −1. The value of the expression
  1  3
minimum value ofz +   , is
  2  ∑ | α 4k −1 − α 4k − 2 |
[JEE Main 2014, 4M] k =1
is [JEE Advanced 2015, 4M]
 Chap 01 Complex Numbers 75

2 + 3i sin θ 1 1 
146. A value of θ for which is purely imaginary, is (a) the circle with radius and centre  , 0 for a > 0, b ≠ 0
 2a 
1 − 2i sin θ 2a
[JEE Main 2016, 4M]
 3
1  1 
π −1 (b) the circle with radius − and centre  − , 0 for
(a) (b) sin   2a  2a 
6  4
a < 0, b ≠ 0
 1  π
(c) sin −1   (d) (c) the X -axis for a ≠ 0, b = 0
 3 3
(d) the Y -axis for a = 0, b ≠ 0
147. Let a, b ∈ R and a 2 + b 2 ≠ 0. 148. Let ω be a complex number such that 2ω + 1 = z, when
 1  1 1 1
Suppose S = z ∈ C : z = , t ∈ R, t ≠ 0 , where
 a + ibt  z = −3 if 1 − ω − 1 ω 2 = 3k, then k is equal to
2

i = −1. If z = x + iy and z ∈ S, then ( x , y ) lies on 1 ω2 ω7 [JEE Main 2017, 4M]

[JEE Advanced 2016 4M] (a) 1 (b) − z (c) z (d) − 1

Answers
Exercise for Session 1 71. A → (r); B → (p, s); C → (q, t)
72. (d) 73. (d) 74. (c) 75. (d) 76. (a) 77. (d)
1. (d) 2. (c) 3. (b) 4. (b) 5. (c) 6. (b)
78. (d)
7. (d) 8. (a)
82. 2

Exercise for Session 2 84. z = c + i (−1 ± (1 − c2 − 2c)) for 0 ≤ c ≤ 2 − 1 and no solution for
1. (b) 2. (b) 3. (b) 4. (b) 5. (b) 6. (b) c> 2 −1
7. (d) 8. (c) 9. (b) 10. (b) 11. (a) 12. (c) 85. (1 − 3i ) z + (1 + 3i ) z − 22 = 0 and (3 + i ) z + (3 − i ) z + 14 = 0
13. (c) 14. (a)
87. No solution 97.
∑ | z1 |2 ( z2 − z3 )
Exercise for Session 3 ∑ z1 ( z2 − z3 )
1. (a) 2. (b) 3. (d) 4. (a) 5. (b) 6. (a) 98.
∑ z12 ( z 2 − z 3 ) + ∑ | z1 | 2 ( z2 − z3 )
7. (c) 8. (b) 9. (c) 10. (d) 11. (c) 12. (a) ∑( z1 z2 − z2 z1 )
13. (b) 14. (b) 15. (a)
99. (i) x3 − 24x2 + 80x − 64 = 0
Exercise for Session 4 (ii) x3 − 21x2 + 35x − 7 = 0
1. (a) 2. (d) 3. (c) 4. (d) 5. (b) 6. (b) (iii) 4
7. (a) 8. (d) 9. (d) 10. (b) 11. (b) 12. (a) -
– –3 –5
13. (b) 14. (c) 100. Roots of z 7 + 1 = 0 are −1, α , α3, α 5, α , α , α , where
π π
α = cos + i sin
Chapter Exercises 7 7
1. (b) 2. (c) 3. (d) 4. (d) 5. (a) 6. (d)  1 − 71 −1 − 4 11   −1 + 4 11 1 + 71 
7. (b) 8. (d) 9. (b) 10. (c) 11. (c) 12. (b) 101. a ∈  ,  ∪ , 
 2 5   5 2 
13. (c) 14. (d) 15. (a) 16. (c) 17. (a) 18. (c)
2n+ 1
19. (b) 20. (b) 21. (c) 22. (c) 23. (c) 24. (c) 102. (i) C 1 (1 − x)n − 2n+ 1C 3 (1 − x)n− 1 x + ... + (−1)n xn = 0
2n+ 1
25. (d) 26. (d) 27. (b) 28. (b) 29. (b) 30. (c) (ii) C 1xn − 2n+ 1 C 3xn− 1 + 2n+ 1 C 5xn− 2 −... = 0
31. (b,c,d) 32. (b,c,d) 33. (b,c,d) 34. (b,c,d) 35. (a,c,d) 36. (a,b) 103. (c) 104. (c) 105. (1 − 3 ) + i, −i 3, ( 3 + 1) − i 106. (d)
37. (a,b,c) 38. (a,d) 39. (a,c) 40. (a,b,d) 41. (a,d)
107. (b) 108. (a) 109. (d) 110. (d) 111. (d) 112. (d)
42. (b,d) 43. (a,c,d) 44. (a,d) 45. (a,b,d)
113. (d) 114. (c) 115. (b) 116. (c) 117. (d) 118. (d)
46. (a) 47. (d) 48. (b) 49. (a) 50. (c) 51. (b)
119. (c) 120. (a) 121. (d) 122. (c) 123. (a, c, d) 124. (b)
52. (d) 53. (c) 54. (a) 55. (c) 56. (d) 57. (b) 125. A → (q, r); B → (p); C → (p, s); D → (q, r, s, t) 126. (b) 127. (a)
58. (1) 59. (5) 60. (9) 61. (8) 62. (3) 63. (4) 128. (5) 129. (a) 130. (c) 131. (3) 132. (c) 133. (a)
64. (6) 65. (5) 66. (4) 67. (4) 134. (d) 135. (d) 136. (b) 137. (c) 138. (c) 139. (c)
68. A → (p, q); B → (p, r); C → (p, r, s) 140. (b) 141. (d) 142. (c) 143. (a) 144. (a, b, d)
69. A → (q); B → (q, r); C → (q, s) 145. (4) 146. (c) 147. (a,c,d) 148. (b)
70. A → (p, q, r, t); B → (p, s); C → (p, r)