(1)

MORDERN PHYSICS
1. A radioactive isotope is being formed at a constant rate K. At t = 0, the number of active nuclei is No. The
decay constant of isotope is . The number of active nuclei
(A) first increases then decreases (B) goes on increasing
K 1
(C) goes on decreasing (D) is after a time t 
λ λ
2. An electron of an isolated free hydrogen atom jumps from a particular higher energy level to ground state.
Due to that total energy loss by electrons is E. In this process find the energy of emitted photon. Given that
mass of hydrogen atom is M.
2E 2E
(A) Ephoton = (B) Ephoton =
E 2E
1 1 1 1
Mc 2
Mc 2
2E
(C) Ephoton = (D) None of these
E
1 1
2Mc 2

3. A spring block system with mass of block m and spring constant K (all m
the surfaces of block are perfectly reflecting and smooth) is placed on a
smooth horizontal plane as shown in the diagram. A light beam of
intensity I is switched on from rightwards. Find the amplitude of
oscillations of the block. (face area of block is A)
I 2I 4I
(A) A (B) A (C) A (D) Zero
KC KC KC

5. Two identical photons of energy E (4eV  E  8eV) fall on two different metals whose work functions are in the
ratio of 1 : 2. The ratio of the kinetic energies of the most energetic electrons coming from each metal is 2 : 1.
Work function of one of the metal is 4 eV. What is the energy of photon in eV.
(A) 6eV (B) 8 eV (C) 4 eV (D) 5 eV

6. An electron is released from rest at one point in a uniform electric field and travels a distance of 10 cm in 10-7
seconds. Potential difference across the points is
(A) 11.375 volts (B) 10 volts (C) 5 volts (D) 5.7 volts

7. Determine the light pressure exerted on the walls of an electric bulb of power 100 W. The bulb is made in the
form of a sphere of radius 5 cm, its walls reflect 10% of the incident light and the rest 90% of the light is
transmitted. Assume that the entire power consumed by the bulb is converted into radiation and transmitted
light does not exert any pressure.
(A) 4 Pa (B) 6 Pa (C) 2 Pa (D) 12 Pa

8. A metallic surface is irradiated with monochromatic light of variable wavelength. Above a wavelength of 5000
Å, no photoelectrons are emitted from the surface. With an unknown wavelength, a stopping potential of 3 V is
necessary to eliminate the photo current. The unknown wavelength is
(A) 2258Å (B) 4133 Å (C) 3126 Å (D) 2679 Å

9. The collector plate in an experiment on photoelectric effect is kept

vertically above the emitter plate. Light source is put on and a
saturation photocurrent is recorded. A magnetic field is switched
on which is in horizontal rightward direction :
(A) The photocurrent will increase (B) The photocurrent may decrease
(C) The photocurrent will always remain same (D) None of these

10. An image of sun formed by a lens of focal length of 30 cm on the metal surface of a photoelectric cell and a
photocurrent I is produced. The lens forming the image is replaced by another lens of half diameter and focal
length 30 cm. Then the photocurrent in this case is
(A) I (B) I/2 (C) I/8 (D) I/4
11. Two identical photons of energy E (4eV  E  8eV) fall on two different metals whose work functions are in the
ratio of 1 : 2. The ratio of the kinetic energies of the most energetic electrons coming from each metal is 2 : 1.
Work function of one of the metal is 4 eV. Then the energy of photon is
(A) 2 eV (B) 3 eV (C) 6 eV (D) none of these

12. At t = 0, light of intensity 1012 photons/s–m2 of energy 6eV per photon start falling on a plate with work function
2.5 eV. If area of the plate is 2 × 10–4 m2 and for every 105 photons one photoelectron is emitted, charge on
the plate at t = 25 s is
(A) 8 × 10–15 C (B) 4 × 10–15 C (C) 12 × 10–15 C (D) 16 × 10–15 C.
 (2)

13. In a photo electric experiment, anode potential is plotted against plate IP

current.
(A) A, B and C will have same frequency photon beam
(B) A and B will have same intensity beam and C will have different
(C) B and C will have same intensity and frequency C B
(D) B and C will have same intensity but different frequency A
V

14. Even a photon experiences appreciable gravitational pull due to a massive star, due to this the wavelength of
the photon changes. The change in wavelength of light of wavelength  emitted from a massive star of mass
hf
M and radius R is (Consider a photon of frequency f has energy hf (h is plank constant) and mass 2 . (All
c
dimensions are in SI unit) Assume GM << Rc2.
GM GM 2GM GM
(A) (B) (C) (D)
3Rc 2 Rc 2 Rc 2 2Rc 2

15. Radiation of wavelength 0 (  0 being the threshold wavelength) is incident on a photosensitive metallic
3
sphere of radius R. The charge developed on the sphere when electrons cease to be emitted will be
40Rhc 60Rhc 80Rhc 120Rhc
(A) (B) (C) (D)
e 0 e 0 e0 e 0
16. Two identical photons of energy E (4eV  E  8eV) fall on two different metals whose work functions are in the
ratio of 1 : 2. The ratio of the kinetic energies of the most energetic electrons coming from each metal is 2 : 1.
Work function of one of the metal is 4 eV. What is the energy of photon in eV.
(A) 6eV (B) 8 eV (C) 4 eV (D) 5 eV
17. A parallel beam of light of monochromatic radiation of cross- I, b
section area A (<b2), intensity I and frequency  is incident on
a solid, perfectly absorbing conducting sphere of work function a
 0 (h  >  0) and radius b. The inner sphere of radius a is
grounded by a conducting wire. Assume that for each incident
photon one photoelectron is ejected. Current through the Insulated
conducting wire just after the radiation is stand

IAe b IAe 2IAe IAe a

(A) (B) (C) (D)
h a 2h h h b

18. The figure shows graph between stopping potential (along y- Vs B

D C A
axis) and incident frequency (along x-axis) for different target
metal A, B, C and D. Let A, B, C and D are the work
function of different target metals A, B, C and D respectively.
Then the correct rank of work function of different target
metals is 
(A) A > B > C > D (B) A < B < C < D
(C) A = B = C = D (D) can not be predict from the given data

19. When photons of wavelength 1 are incident on an isolated sphere suspended by an insulated thread, the
corresponding stopping potential is found to be  v. When photons of wavelength 2 are used, the
corresponding stopping potential was thrice of the above value. If light of wavelength 3 is used the stopping
potential for this case would be
hc  1 1 1 hc  1 1 3 
(A)     (B)    
e   3 2 2 1  e   3 2 2 21 
hc  1 1 1 hc  1 1 1
(C)     (D)    
e   3  2 1  e   3  2 1 

20. A parallel beam of light of monochromatic radiation of cross- I, b

section area A (<b2), intensity I and frequency  is incident
on a solid, perfectly absorbing conducting sphere of work a
function 0 (h >  0) and radius b. The inner sphere of radius
a is grounded by a conducting wire. Assume that for each
incident photon one photoelectron is ejected. Current Insulated
through the conducting wire just after the radiation is stand

IAe b IAe 2IAe IAe a

(A) (B) (C) (D)
h a 2h h h b
 (3)

21. If light of wavelength of maximum intensity emitted from a surface at temperature T1 is used to cause
photoelectric emission from a metallic surface, the kinetic energy of the emitted electron is 6 eV, which is 3
times the work function of the metallic surface. If light of wavelength of maximum intensity emitted from a
surface at temperature T2 (T2 = 2T1) is used to cause photo electric emission from the same metallic surface,
the maximum kinetic energy of the photoelectron emitted is
(A) 2 eV (B) 4 eV (C) 14 eV (D) 18 eV
22. When a monochromatic point-source of light is at a distance of 0.2 m from a small photoelectric cell, the
stopping potential and the saturation current are respectively 0.6 volt and 18.0 mA. If the same source is
placed 0.6 m away from the photoelectric cell, then:
(A) the stopping potential will be 0.2 volt. (B) the stopping potential will be 1.8 volt.
(C) the saturation current will be 6.0 mA. (D) the saturation current will be 2.0 mA.

23. Light of wavelength  is incident on a photocathode and the emitted photoelectrons have a range of kinetic
energies. The fastest photoelectron haves a de-Broglie wavelength of e. Then
(A)  e   (B)  e  
1 
(C)  e  , A is a constant (D)  e  , A is a constant
A A

24. What should be the approximate kinetic energy of an electron so that its de-Broglie wavelength is equal to the
wavelength of X-ray of maximum energy, produced in an X-ray tube operating at 24800 V? (given that h = 6.6
 1034 joule-sec, mass of electron = 9.1  1031 kg)
(A) 600 eV (B) 36.5 eV (C) 6000 eV (D) 300 eV

25. What should be the approximate kinetic energy of an electron so that its de-Broglie wavelength is equal to the
wavelength of X-ray of maximum energy, produced in an X-ray tube operating at 24800 V? (given that h = 6.6
 1034 joule-sec, mass of electron = 9.1  1031 kg)
(A) 600 eV (B) 36.5 eV (C) 6000 eV (D) 300 eV

26. Ratio of the de Broglie wavelength of molecules of helium and hydrogen at temperature
270 C and 3270C respectively is [P120614]
(A) 2 (B) 1 (C) 3 (D) 4

27. Ratio of the de Broglie wavelength of proton and  -particle which have been accelerated through some
potential difference:
(A) 2 3 (B) 3 2 (C) 2 2 (D) 3 3

28. There are two radio-active substances A and B whose disintegration

n N
constants are  A and  B respectively. At t = 0 the number of
radioactive nuclei of A is NAO and that of B is NBO. It is known that R
 A >  B and NAO < NBO. The broken line shows the variation of  n NA
with respect to time t for substance A. The graph of variation of n NB S
with respect to time t will be
(A) P (B) Q P
(C) R (D) S
Q
t
29. On an x-y plane the region (I) (x < 0) and region II (x > 0) are having i y
surface charge densities +  and   respectively. If a charge +q is
+ 
shifted from (0, 0,  d) to (0, 0, +d). Then find the work done by x
electrostatic forces in the above shifting. I II
2d
(A) zero (B)
0
4d
(C) (D) can’t be determined.
0
30. If a physical quantity A associated with a hydrogen atom satisfies:
A
= constant, where r is the radius of the electronic orbit of the hydrogen atom (not necessarily in the
r
ground state), then A could be
(A) wavelength of emitted radiation from the state
(B) frequency emitted radiation from the state
(C) Angular momentum of a revolving electron in the state
(D) Energy of the emitted radiation from the state

31. The radius of the shortest orbit in a hydrogen like atom is 18 pm. It may be
 (4)
(A) hydrogen (B) deuterium (C) He+ (D) Li++

33. In a hypothetical Bohr hydrogen, the mass of the electron is doubled. The energy E0 and the radius r0 of the
first orbit will be ( a0 is the Bohr radius)
(A) E0  27.2 eV :r0  a0 / 2 (B) E0  27.2 eV :r0  a0
(C) E0  13.6 eV :r0  a0 / 2 (D) E0  13.6 eV :r0  a0
 
34. The frequency of revolution of electron in nth orbit of Bohr model is n . The graph between log  n  and log(n)
 1 
will be (where n is frequency of revolution in nth orbit, 1 is frequency of revolution in first orbit and n is nth
orbit revolution.

(A) (B)

(C) (D)

 -ke2 
35. In a hypothetical atom, potential energy between electron and proton at distance r is given by  3  , where
 4r 
k is constant. Suppose Bohr theory of atomic structure is valid and n is principle quantum number, then total
energy E is proportional to
(A) n5 (B) n7 (C) n6 (D) n4

Ke2
36. Suppose the potential energy between the electron and proton at a distance r is given by  . Application
3r 3
of Bohr’s theory of hydrogen atom in this case shows that energy in the nth orbit is proportional to
(A) n6 (B) n3 (C) n2 (D) n4
nd
37. When an electron in a hydrogen atom makes a transition from 2 excited stated to ground state, it emits a
photon of frequency f. The frequency of photon emitted when an electron of Li++ makes a transition from 1st
excited state to ground state is
243 141 81 63
(A) f (B) f (C) f (D) f
32 32 32 32

38. When an excited H atom goes to ground state it emits a photon.

Statement 1 : Mass has changed into energy.
Statement 2 : K.E. has increased.
(A) Both 1 and 2 are true (B) Both 1 and 2 are false (C) Only 1 is true (D) Only 2 is true
39. Which of the following curve can represent the speed of electron
in a hydrogen atom as a function of principal quantum number.
1
(A) 1 (B) 2 v 3 4
(C) 3 (D) 4
2

40. The energy of an electron in excited Hydrogen atom is 3.4 eV. Then according to Bohr’s Theory the angular
momentum of this electron in Js is
(A) 2.11  1034 (B) 3  1034 (C) 2  1034 (D) 0.5  1034
41. Electrons are bombarded to excite hydrogen atoms and subsequently when atoms dexcite six spectral lines
are observed. If Eg is the magnitude of ground state energy of hydrogen, then minimum energy, bombarding
electrons should possess is
8 15 35 48
(A) Eg (B) Eg (C) Eg (D) Eg
9 16 36 49
 (5)
42. Radiation coming from transitions n = 2 to n = 1 of hydrogen atom falls on helium ions in n = 1 and n = 2
states. Which of the following is/are the possible transitions of helium ions as they absorb energy from the
radiation?
(A) n = 3 to 4 (B) n = 2 to 4 (C) n = 2 to 3 (D) n = 1 to 2

43. Radiation from hydrogen gas excited to first excited state is used for illuminating certain photoelectric plate.
When the radiation from some unknown hydrogen like gas excited to the same level is used to expose the
same plate, it is found that the de-Broglie wavelength of the fastest photoelectron has decreased 2.3 times of
its previous value. It is given that the energy corresponding to the longest wavelength of the Lyman series of
the unknown gas is 3 times the ionization energy of hydrogen gas (13.6 Ev). The work function of
photoelectric plate in Ev is: (Take (2.3)2 = 5.25)
(A) 1 Ev (B) 2 Ev (C) 3 Ev (D) 4 ev

44. The third line of Balmer series of an ion equivalent to hydrogen atom has wavelength of 108.5 nm. The
ground state energy of an electron of this ion will be
(A) 3.4 eV (B) 13.6 eV (C) 54.4 eV (D) 122.4 eV

45. An electron in a hydrogen atom makes a transition from n = n1 to n = n2. The kinetic energy of the electron in
the initial state is 4 times that in the final state. The possible value of n1 and n2 are
(A) n1 = 8, n2 = 4 (B) n1 = 6, n2 = 2 (C) n1 = 8, n2 = 1 (D) n1 = 6, n2 = 3
46. Electrons are bombarded to excite hydrogen atoms and subsequently when atoms dexcite six spectral lines
are observed. If Eg is the magnitude of ground state energy of hydrogen, then minimum energy, bombarding
electrons should possess is
8 15 35 48
(A) Eg (B) Eg (C) Eg (D) Eg
9 16 36 49

47. The energy of an electron in excited Hydrogen atom is 3.4 eV. Then according to Bohr’s Theory the angular
momentum of this electron in Js is
(A) 2.11  1034 (B) 3  1034 (C) 2  1034 (D) 0.5  1034
48. To start an endoergic reaction, a stationary nucleus (x) is bombarded by a neutron (n) to produce nuclei Y and
Z in the final state. Choose the correct option from the following statements related to this reaction.
(A) Kinetic energy of the bombarding neutron must be equal to the magnitude of the Q-value of the reaction.
(B) Kinetic energy of the bombarding neutron must be less than the magnetic
(C) Kinetic energy of the bombarding neutron must be greater than then magnetic
(D) In this type of reaction, principle of conservation of energy is not valid.
49. A photon radiated from hydrogen of 2nd line of Lyman series is absorbed by a H–like atom X in 2nd excited
state. As a result the H–like atom X makes a transition to nth orbit, then
(A) X = Li++, n = 9 (B) X = Li++, n = 5 (C) X = He+, n = 5 (D) X = He+, n = 9

50. A hydrogen atom and a Li2+ ion are both in the second excited state. If H and Li are their respective electronic
angular momenta, and EH and ELi their respectively energies then
(A) H > Li and |EH| > |ELi| (B) H = Li and |EH| < |ELi|
(C) H = Li and |EH| > |ELi| (D) H < Li and |EH| < |ELi|
51. In the hydrogen atom spectrum  3-1 and 2-1 represent wavelengths emitted due to transition from second and

first excited states to the ground state respectively. The value of 3 1 is
 2 1
(A) 27 / 32 (B) 32/27 (C) 4/9 (D) 9/4

52. When an electron jumps from n = n1 to n = n2 (where n1 > n2) in a hydrogen like atom, then the wavelength of
photon emitted is given by
1 1 1 1 1
(a)   R Z2  2  2  (B)  R Z2  2  2 
 n1 n2    n1 n2 
1 1 1 1 1
(C)  R Z2  2  2  (D)   R Z2  2  2 
  n2 n1   n2 n1 
53. In the hydrogen atom spectrum  3–1 and  2–1 represent wavelength emitted due to transition from second and

first excited states to the ground state respectively. The value of 3 1 is :
 2 1
(A) 27/32 (B) 32/27 (C) 4/9 (D) 9/4

54. An electron and a proton are separated by a large distance and the electron approaches the proton with K.E.
of 2 eV. If the electron is captured by the proton to form a hydrogen atom in the ground state, wavelength of
photon emitted will be
(A) 793 Å (B) 1096 Å (C) 704.5 Å (D) 1291.6 Å
 (6)
55. A Bohr hydrogen atom at rest in free space undergoes a transition from the energy level n = 2 to n = 1,
emitting a photon in the positive x direction. Since this photon has momentum, the atom must recoil in the
negative x direction. Find the recoil velocity of the atom.
(A) 125 cm/sec (B) 325 cm/sec
(C) 225 cm/sec (D) 425 cm/sec
56. Choose incorrect statement regarding X-ray
(A) If the accelerating potential in an x-ray tube is increased, the wavelengths of the characteristics X-ray
changes.
(B) X-ray do not get deflected on application of electric or magnetic field.
(C) X-ray can ionize the gas through it pass.
(D) x-ray can be reflected and refracted.
57. Current in a X-ray tube operating at 40 k V is 10 mA. 1% of the total kinetic energy of electrons hitting the
target is converted into X-rays. Then the heat produced in the target per second is :
(A) 396 J (B) 4J
(C) 400 J (D) cannot be determined

58. In a Coolidge tube, the potential difference used to accelerate the electrons is increased from 12.4 kV to 24.8
kV. As a result, the difference between the wavelengths of K  -line and minimum wavelength increases two
 hc 
times. The wavelength of the K line is   12.4 kVÅ 
 e 
(A) 1 Å (B) 0.5 Å (C) 1.5 Å (D) 1.25 Å

59. In which of the following situations the cut-off wavelength min of the continuous x-rays spectrum changes
(A) increasing the accelerating voltage of coolidge tube
(B) changing the target to an element of higher atomic number
(C) changing the thickness of target material
(D) all of the above.
60. Choose incorrect statement regarding X-ray
(A) If the accelerating potential in an x-ray tube is increased, the wavelengths of the characteristics X-ray
changes.
(B) X-ray do not get deflected on application of electric or magnetic field.
(C) X-ray can ionize the gas through it pass.
(D) x-ray can be reflected and refracted.

61. The figure represents the observed intensity of X-rays emitted

by two different tubes A and B as a function of wavelength  .
For the tube A, the potential difference between the filament
and target is VA and atomic number of the target is ZA. For the
tube B, the corresponding potential difference is VB and the
atomic number is ZB. The solid curve is for tube A and dotted
curve for tube B. Then

(A) Z A  ZB ;VA  VB (B) Z A  ZB ;VA  VB (C) Z A  ZB ; VA  VB (D) Z A  ZB ; VA  VB

62. The wavelength of k  and k  X-rays of a material are 21.3 pm and 18.5 pm respectively. Wavelength of L  X-
rays of the same material is
(A) 140.7 pm (B) 110.3 pm (C) 120.2 pm (D) 93.6 pm

63. When the voltage applied to an X-ray tube is increased 1.5 times, the short wave limit of the continuous X-ray
spectrum shifts by 26 pm. Find the initial voltage applied to the tube.
(A) 16 KV (B) 20 KV (C) 22 KV (D) 26 KV

64. An x-ray tube is operating at 150 kV and 10 mA. If only 1% of the electric power supplied is converted into X-
ray, the rate at which heat is produced in the target is
(A) 3.55 cal/sec (B) 35.5 cal/sec
(C) 355 cal/sec (D) 3550 cal/sec
65. If min is minimum wavelength produced in X–ray tube and K is the wavelength of K line. As the operating
voltage is increased
(A) K increases (B) K decreases
(C) (K – min) increases (D) (K – min) decreases.
 (7)
66. The diagram shows Coolidge tube 50 kV

for the production of X-rays.

Currents entering into the filament is
1.65 A and exiting is 1.666 A. The Metal Water
filament emits electrons with (24C)
negligible speed by thermo-ionic

Filament
1.666 A
emission. A high voltage 50 k V is
applied across the arrangement with Steam
filament as cathode. Assume that (100C)
only one X-ray photon is emitted for
100 electrons incident on the target 1.65 A X-rays
metal, find the amount of water
(24C) entering the pipe per sec,
which carries away all the thermal
energy produced.
Water comes out of the tube fully converted to steam at (100 C).
Given: Latent heat of steam = 540 cal/g, specific heat of water = 1 cal/g, 1 cal = 4.2 J.
(A) 0.3 g/sec (B) 1.25 g/s (C) 32 g/s (D) 135 gm/sec

67. Choose incorrect statement regarding X-ray

(A) If the accelerating potential in an x-ray tube is increased, the wavelengths of the characteristics X-ray
changes.
(B) X-ray do not get deflected on application of electric or magnetic field.
(C) X-ray can ionize the gas through it pass.
(D) x-ray can be reflected and refracted.
68. The filament current in the electron gun of a Coolidge tube is increased while the potential difference used to
accelerate the electron is decreased. As a result in the emitted radition.
(A) The intensity decreases while the minimum wavelength increases.
(B) The intensity increases while the minimum wavelength decreases.
(C) The intensity as well as the minimum wavelength increases.
(D) The intensity as well as the minimum wavelength decreases.
69. Consider nuclear fission reaction W  X + Y. Using the
Binding energy/nucleon

graph given, what is the Q-value of reaction? Z

E4
(A) E1A1  (E2A2 + E3A3) E3 X
(B) E2A2 + E3A3  E1A1
E2 Y
(C) E2A2 + E1A1  E3A3
(D) E1A1 + E3A3  E2A2 E1 W

A4 A3 A2 A1
mass number
70. When an electron jumps from n = n1 to n = n2 (where n1 > n2) in a hydrogen like atom, then the wavelength of
photon emitted is given by
1 1 1 1 1
(a)   R Z2  2  2  (B)  R Z2  2  2 
 n1 n2    n1 n2 
1 1 1 1 1
(C)  R Z2  2  2  (D)   R Z2  2  2 
  n2 n1   n2 n1 
71. In the hydrogen atom spectrum  3–1 and  2–1 represent wavelength emitted due to transition from second and

first excited states to the ground state respectively. The value of 3 1 is :
 2 1
(A) 27/32 (B) 32/27
(C) 4/9 (D) 9/4

72. An electron and a proton are separated by a large distance and the electron approaches the proton with K.E.
of 2 eV. If the electron is captured by the proton to form a hydrogen atom in the ground state, wavelength of
photon emitted will be
(A) 793 Å (B) 1096 Å (C) 704.5 Å (D) 1291.6 Å

73. A Bohr hydrogen atom at rest in free space undergoes a transition from the energy level n = 2 to n = 1,
emitting a photon in the positive x direction. Since this photon has momentum, the atom must recoil in the
negative x direction. Find the recoil velocity of the atom.
(A) 125 cm/sec (B) 325 cm/sec (C) 225 cm/sec (D) 425 cm/sec
74. Choose incorrect statement regarding X-ray
(A) If the accelerating potential in an x-ray tube is increased, the wavelengths of the characteristics X-ray
changes.
(B) X-ray do not get deflected on application of electric or magnetic field.
(C) X-ray can ionize the gas through it pass.
 (8)
(D) x-ray can be reflected and refracted.

75. Current in a X-ray tube operating at 40 k V is 10 mA. 1% of the total kinetic energy of electrons hitting the
target is converted into X-rays. Then the heat produced in the target per second is :
(A) 396 J (B) 4J (C) 400 J (D) cannot be determined

77. In a Coolidge tube, the potential difference used to accelerate the electrons is increased from 12.4 kV to 24.8
kV. As a result, the difference between the wavelengths of K  -line and minimum wavelength increases two
 hc 
times. The wavelength of the K line is   12.4 kVÅ 
 e 
(A) 1 Å (B) 0.5 Å (C) 1.5 Å (D) 1.25 Å

78. In which of the following situations the cut-off wavelength min of the continuous x-rays spectrum changes
(A) increasing the accelerating voltage of coolidge tube
(B) changing the target to an element of higher atomic number
(C) changing the thickness of target material
(D) all of the above.

79. Choose incorrect statement regarding X-ray

(A) If the accelerating potential in an x-ray tube is increased, the wavelengths of the characteristics X-ray
changes.
(B) X-ray do not get deflected on application of electric or magnetic field.
(C) X-ray can ionize the gas through it pass.
(D) x-ray can be reflected and refracted.

80. The figure represents the observed intensity of X-rays emitted by

two different tubes A and B as a function of wavelength  . For the
tube A, the potential difference between the filament and target is VA
and atomic number of the target is ZA. For the tube B, the
corresponding potential difference is VB and the atomic number is
ZB. The solid curve is for tube A and dotted curve for tube B. Then
(A) Z A  ZB ;VA  VB (B) Z A  ZB ;VA  VB
(C) Z A  ZB ; VA  VB (D) Z A  ZB ; VA  VB

81. The wavelength of k  and k  X-rays of a material are 21.3 pm and 18.5 pm respectively. Wavelength of L  X-
rays of the same material is
(A) 140.7 pm (B) 110.3 pm (C) 120.2 pm (D) 93.6 pm

82. When the voltage applied to an X-ray tube is increased 1.5 times, the short wave limit of the continuous X-ray
spectrum shifts by 26 pm. Find the initial voltage applied to the tube.
(A) 16 KV (B) 20 KV (C) 22 KV (D) 26 KV

83. An x-ray tube is operating at 150 kV and 10 mA. If only 1% of the electric power supplied is converted into X-
ray, the rate at which heat is produced in the target is
(A) 3.55 cal/sec (B) 35.5 cal/sec (C) 355 cal/sec (D) 3550 cal/sec

84. If min is minimum wavelength produced in X–ray tube and K is the wavelength of K line. As the operating
voltage is increased
(A) K increases (B) K decreases
(C) (K – min) increases (D) (K – min) decreases.

85. The diagram shows Coolidge tube for the production of 50 kV

X-rays. Currents entering into the filament is 1.65 A and
exiting is 1.666 A. The filament emits electrons with
negligible speed by thermo-ionic emission. A high voltage Metal Water
(24C)
50 k V is applied across the arrangement with filament as
Filame

1.666 A
cathode. Assume that only one X-ray photon is emitted
for 100 electrons incident on the target metal, find the Steam
amount of water (24C) entering the pipe per sec, which (100C)

carries away all the thermal energy produced. 1.65 A X-rays

Water comes out of the tube fully converted to steam at (100 C).
Given: Latent heat of steam = 540 cal/g, specific heat of water = 1 cal/g, 1 cal = 4.2 J.
(A) 0.3 g/sec (B) 1.25 g/s (C) 32 g/s (D) 135 gm/sec

86. Choose incorrect statement regarding X-ray

 (9)
(A) If the accelerating potential in an x-ray tube is increased, the wavelengths of the characteristics X-ray
changes.
(B) X-ray do not get deflected on application of electric or magnetic field.
(C) X-ray can ionize the gas through it pass.
(D) x-ray can be reflected and refracted.

87. The filament current in the electron gun of a Coolidge tube is increased while the potential difference used to
accelerate the electron is decreased. As a result in the emitted radition.
(A) The intensity decreases while the minimum wavelength increases.
(B) The intensity increases while the minimum wavelength decreases.
(C) The intensity as well as the minimum wavelength increases.
(D) The intensity as well as the minimum wavelength decreases.
88. Consider nuclear fission reaction W  X + Y. Using the

Binding energy/nucleon
graph given, what is the Q-value of reaction? Z
E4
(A) E1A1  (E2A2 + E3A3) E3 X
(B) E2A2 + E3A3  E1A1
E2 Y
(C) E2A2 + E1A1  E3A3
(D) E1A1 + E3A3  E2A2 E1 W

A4 A3 A2 A1
mass number
89. When an electron jumps from n = n1 to n = n2 (where n1 > n2) in a hydrogen like atom, then the wavelength of
photon emitted is given by
1 1 1 1 1
(a)   R Z2  2  2  (B)  R Z2  2  2 
 n1 n2    n1 n2 
1 1 1 1 1
(C)  R Z2  2  2  (D)   R Z2  2  2 
  n2 n1   n2 n1 
90. In the hydrogen atom spectrum  3–1 and  2–1 represent wavelength emitted due to transition from second and

first excited states to the ground state respectively. The value of 3 1 is :
 2 1
(A) 27/32 (B) 32/27 (C) 4/9 (D) 9/4

91. An electron and a proton are separated by a large distance and the electron approaches the proton with K.E.
of 2 eV. If the electron is captured by the proton to form a hydrogen atom in the ground state, wavelength of
photon emitted will be
(A) 793 Å (B) 1096 Å (C) 704.5 Å (D) 1291.6 Å

92. A Bohr hydrogen atom at rest in free space undergoes a transition from the energy level n = 2 to n = 1,
emitting a photon in the positive x direction. Since this photon has momentum, the atom must recoil in the
negative x direction. Find the recoil velocity of the atom.
(A) 125 cm/sec (B) 325 cm/sec (C) 225 cm/sec (D) 425 cm/sec

1
93. The given graph shows the variation of f us z for characteristics X-rays, 2 3
f 4
lines 1, 2, 3, 4 shown in the graph corresponds to any one of k, k , L , L,
Then L is represent by
(A) line 1 (B) line 2
(C) line 3 (D) line 4 Z

94. The graph shows the variation of cutoff wavelength in X-ray min
experiment with respect to the de-Broglie wavelength of the incident
electron. Cutoff wavelength  min  is plotted along y –axis and
wavelength of incident electrons ( e ) is plotted along x – axis. The
given X–ray tube is functioning corresponding to the point P. The P(x,a)
value of x – co-ordinate of point P is
ha ha
(A) (B)
2mc mc e

2ha
(C) (D) none of these
mc
h  planck’s constant ; m  mass of electron ; c  speed of light
95. If the frequency of K  x-ray emitted from the element with atomic number 31 is f, then the frequency of K  x-
ray emitted from element with atomic number 51 would be
5f 51f 9f 25f
(A) (B) (C) (D)
3 3 2f 9
 (10)

1
96. The given graph shows the variation of f us z for characteristics X- 2 3
f 4
rays, lines 1, 2, 3, 4 shown in the graph corresponds to any one of k ,
k, L, L, Then L is represent by
(A) line 1 (B) line 2
(C) line 3 (D) line 4 Z
97. The energy ratio of two K photons obtained in x-ray from two metal targets of atomic numbers Z1 and Z2 is:
2 2
Z Z   Z 1 (Z1  1)
(A) 1 (B)  1  (C)  1  (D)
Z2  Z2   Z2  1  (Z2  1)

98. Moseley’s law for characteristic X-rays is v  a(Z  b) . In this,

(A) both a and b are independent of the material
(B) a is independent but b depends on the material
(C) b is independent but a depends on the material
(D) both a and b depend on the material
99. If the K  radiation MO (Z = 42) has a wavelength of 0.71 A  . Find the wavelength of the corresponding
radiation of Cu (Z = 29)
(A) 1 A (B) 2 A (C) 1.52 A (D) 1.25 A

100. In the given graph K  line is drawn for square root of (a) K
(b) (c)
frequency and atomic number. Then choose the K  line (d)
graph in the figure shown.
(A) (a) (B) (b) 
(C) (c) (D) (d)

101. The adjacent diagram describes the intensity of x-ray photons versus
their wave length, coming out of a tube, when potential difference
across the tube is V, and atomic number of the target element is Z. If V
is changed to V1 and Z to Z1, choose the incorrect statement
I
(A) for V1 > V and Z1 = Z, m will decrease whereas  will remain same
(B) for V1 > V and Z1 = Z, m and  both will decrease
(C) for V1 = V and Z1 > Z,  m will remain same where as   will
decrease
(D) For V1 > V and Z1 > Z, m and  both will decreases
m  

102. Wavelength of the k characteristics X-ray of iron and potassium are 1.931  10-8 cm and
3.737  10-8 cm respectively. The atomic number (approximately) of the element for which characteristic k
wavelength is 2.289  10-8 cm is (atomic number of iron is 26 and atomic number is potassium is 19)
(A) 24 (B) 28 (C) 41 (D) 30

103. Activity of a radioactive sample is 50  1010 dps at t = 0. At t = 2 hrs activity becomes 40  1010 dps. The
activity at t = 4 hrs is
(A) 30  1010 dps (B) 32  1010 dps (C) 20  1010 dps (D) None of these

104. Which of the following is a wrong description of biding energy of a nucleus ?

(A) it is the energy required to break a nucleus into its constituent nucleons.
(B) it is the energy made available when free nucleons combined to from a nucleus.
(C) it is the sum of the rest mass energies of its nucleons minus the rest mass energy of the nucleus.
(D) it is the sum of the kinetic energy of all the nucleons in the nucleus.

1
105. The given graph shows the variation of f us z for characteristics X-rays, 2 3
f 4
lines 1, 2, 3, 4 shown in the graph corresponds to any one of k, k, L, L,
Then L is represent by
(A) line 1 (B) line 2
(C) line 3 (D) line 4 Z

106. Which of the following reaction in an endoergic reaction

(A) 12 H 12 H 13 H 11 H (B) 12 H 12 H 23 He  n
(C) 12 H 13 H 24 He  n (D) 24 He  24 He 84 Be
 (11)
Mass in amu. Given m( H)  1.0073, m(n) = 1.0087, m(12 H)  2.0141 , m(13 H)  3.0160 , m( 32 He)  3.0160 ,
1
1

m( 24 He)  4.0026 and m( 84 Be)  8.0053

107. If the frequency of K  x-ray emitted from the element with atomic number 31 is f, then the frequency of K  x-
ray emitted from element with atomic number 51 would be
5f 51f 9f 25f
(A) (B) (C) (D)
3 3 2f 9
1
108. The given graph shows the variation of f us z for characteristics X- 2 3
f 4
rays, lines 1, 2, 3, 4 shown in the graph corresponds to any one of k ,
k, L, L, Then L is represent by
(A) line 1 (B) line 2
(C) line 3 (D) line 4 Z
109. The energy ratio of two K photons obtained in x-ray from two metal targets of atomic numbers Z1 and Z2 is:
2 2
Z Z   Z 1 (Z1  1)
(A) 1 (B)  1  (C)  1  (D)
Z2  Z2   Z2  1  (Z2  1)
110. Moseley’s law for characteristic X-rays is v  a(Z  b) . In this,
(A) both a and b are independent of the material
(B) a is independent but b depends on the material
(C) b is independent but a depends on the material
(D) both a and b depend on the material
111. If the K  radiation MO (Z = 42) has a wavelength of 0.71 A  . Find the wavelength of the corresponding
radiation of Cu (Z = 29)
(A) 1 A (B) 2 A (C) 1.52 A (D) 1.25 A

112. In the given graph K  line is drawn for square root of (a) K
(b) (c)
frequency and atomic number. Then choose the K  line (d)
graph in the figure shown.
(A) (a) (B) (b) 
(C) (c) (D) (d)

z
113. Wavelength of the k characteristics X-ray of iron and potassium are 1.931  10-8 cm and
3.737  10-8 cm respectively. The atomic number (approximately) of the element for which characteristic k
wavelength is 2.289  10-8 cm is (atomic number of iron is 26 and atomic number is potassium is 19)
(A) 24 (B) 28 (C) 41 (D) 30

114. Which of the following is a wrong description of biding energy of a nucleus ?

(A) it is the energy required to break a nucleus into its constituent nucleons.
(B) it is the energy made available when free nucleons combined to from a nucleus.
(C) it is the sum of the rest mass energies of its nucleons minus the rest mass energy of the nucleus.
(D) it is the sum of the kinetic energy of all the nucleons in the nucleus.

115. Consider nuclear fission reaction W  X + Y. Using the

Binding energy/nucleon

graph given, what is the Q-value of reaction? Z

E4
(A) E1A1  (E2A2 + E3A3) E3 X
(B) E2A2 + E3A3  E1A1
E2 Y
(C) E2A2 + E1A1  E3A3
(D) E1A1 + E3A3  E2A2 E1 W

A4 A3 A2 A1
mass number
116. A heavy nucleus of mass Mx decay in to two nuclei (Y and Z) of mass My and Mz. The Q value of the reaction
is
p2y p2
(A) (Mx  My  Mz)C 2
(B) (Mx  My  Mz)C 2
 z
2My 2mz
py 2 pz2
(C) (Mx  My  Mz)C2   (D) none of these
2My 2mz
117. Consider two arbitrary decay equations and mark the correct alternative given below.
230 229 230 229
(i) 92 U  n  92 U (ii) 92 U  p  91 Pa

Given M  230
92 U  = 230.033927 u
 (12)
M  229
92 U  = 229.033496 u, M  229
91 U   229.032089
mn = 1.008665 u
mp = 1.007825
1 amu = 931.5 MeV.
(A) Only decay (i) is possible (B) Only decay (ii) is possible
(C) Both the decays are possible (D) Neither of the two decays is possible.

118. We have two radioactive nuclei A and B. Both ultimately decay into a stable nucleus C. Nucleus A converts
into C after emitting two  -particles and three  -particles. Nucleus B converts into C after emitting one  -
particle and five  -particles. If atomic numbers and mass numbers of A and B are Z1, Z2, A1 and A2
respectively. Then :
(A) Z1  Z2  6 (B) A1  A 2  4
(C) Both (a) and (b) are correct (D) Both (a) and (b) are wrong

119. An unknown particle is bombarded on N14, as a result O17 nucleus is formed and a proton is emitted. The
unknown particle is
(A) Neutron (B)  particle (C) Electron (D) Positron
120. A freshly prepared sample contains 16  1020 radioactive nuclei, whose mean life is 1010 seconds. The activity
of the sample just after 4 half lives time is
ln2 16
(A)  1010 dps (B) 1  1010 dps (C) 2  1010 dps (D) 16  1010 dps
16 ln
121. The atomic mass number of Radium is A=226, its half life is 1622 years. What is the activity of 1 g Radium?
(A) 3.6x1010 Bq (B) 0.6x1010 Bq (C) 1.6x1010 Bq (D) 2.6x1010 Bq

122. Nuclei of radioactive element A are produced at rate 't2' (where t is time) at any time t. The element A has
decay constant . Let N be the number of nuclei of element A at any time t. At time t = t0, is minimum. Then
the number of nuclei of element A at time t = t0 is
2t 0  t 02 t 0  t 02 2t 0  t 20 t 0  t 02
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2 2  

123. Two point charges q and – q are fixed in space at separation a. The flux through a 2a
infinite plane perpendicular to line joining the charges and at a distance a/3 from 3 3
+q will be :
q q
(A) (B)
3 0 2 0
+q –q
q 2q
(C) (D)
0 0

124. A radio nuclide A1 with decay constant  1 transform into a radio nuclide A2 with decay constant  2. Assuming
that at the initial moment the preparation contained only the radio nuclide A1, then the time interval after which
the activity of the radio nuclide A2 reaches its maximum value is
ln   2 1  ln  1 2 
(D) e  1 2 
  
(A) (B) (C) ln(2  1)
 2  1 1  2
125. A 2.71 gm sample of KCl from the chemistry stockroom is found to be radioactive, and it is decaying at a
constant rate of 4490 Bq. The decays are traced to the element potassium and in particular to the isotope
40
K . which constitutes 1.17% of normal potassium. The half life of nuclide is
(A) 1.25  109 year (B) 5.5  109 year (C) 5.5  108 year (D) 1.25  108 year
Given (MK = 39.102 gm/mole, MCl = 35.453 gm/mole, Avogadro number NA = 6.02  1023)

126. The radioactivity of a sample is A1 at a time T1 and A2 at time T2. If the half life of specimen is T, the number of
atoms that have disintegrated in the time interval (T2  T1) is proportional to
(A1  A 2 )
(A) (A1  A2)T (B) 2(A1  A2)T (C) (D) (A1  A 2 )
T
127. A freshly prepared sample contains 16  1020 radioactive nuclei, whose mean life is 1010 seconds. The activity
of the sample just after 4 half lives time is
ln2 16
(A)  1010 dps (B) 1  1010 dps (C) 2  1010 dps (D) 16  1010 dps
16 ln

128. A radioactive nucleus can decay simultaneously by two different processes which have decay constant 1 and
2. Then, the effective decay constant of the nucleus is
(A) 1 + 2 (B) (1 + 2)/2 (C) 12/(1 + 2) (D) (12)1/2
 (13)

129. A radioactive nucleus can decay simultaneously by two different processes which have decay constant 1 and
2. Then, the effective decay constant of the nucleus is
(A) 1 + 2 (B) (1 + 2)/2 (C) 12/(1 + 2) (D) (12)1/2

130. Two radioactive nuclei A and B convert into a stable nucleus C with half life of 1 minute and 2 minute
respectively. Nucleus A converts into C after emitting two  –particles and three  –particles. Nucleus B
converts into C after emitting one –particle and five –particles. At time t = 0, number of nuclei of A are 4N0
and that of B are N0. initially C was not present, then
(A) the difference between atomic number of A and B is 3
(B) the difference between mass number of A and that of B is 4
(C) if at a time t, number of nucleus of A and B are equal then the ratio of number of nuclei of C to B at that
instant is 10
(D) rate of disintegration of A and B will be equal after 5 minutes

131. An -particle is bombarded on 14N. As a result, a 17O nucleus is formed and a particle is emitted. This particle
is a
(A) neutron (B) proton (C) electron (D) positron.
 (14)
MORDERN PHYSICS
ANSWER KEY
1. D 45. A, D 89. C
2. B 46. B. 90. A
3. B 47. A 91. A
5. A 48. C 92. B
6. A 49. A 93. C
7. C 50. B 94. A
8. A 51. A 95 D
9. B 52. C 96. C
10. D 53. A 97. C
11. C 54. A 98. A
12. A 55. B 99. C
13. D 56. A 100. A
14. B 57. A 101. A
15. C 58. C 102. A
16. A 59. A 103. B
17. D 60. A 104. D
18. A 61. D 105. C
19. B 62. A 106. D
20. D 63. A 107 D
21. C 64. C 108. C
22. D 65. C 109. C
23. D 66. A 110. A
24. A 67. A 111. C
25. A 68. C 112. A
26. B 69. B 113. A
27. C 70. C 114. D
28. C 71. A 115. B
29. A 72. A 116. A
30. C 73. B 117. D
31. D 74. A 118. B
32. A 75. A 119. B
33. A 77. C 120. B
34. C 78. A 121. A
35. C 79. A 122. A
36. A 80. D 123. C
37. A 81. A 124. A
38. D 82. A 125. A
39. (C) 83. C 126. A
40. A. 84. C 127. B
41. B. 85. A 128. A.
42. B 86. A 129. A.
43. C 87. C 130. B
44. C 88. B 131. B