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DA - Hands On - Week 4

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20 views4 pages

DA - Hands On - Week 4

Uploaded by

Tãmïl ÅRÃẞÂÑ
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Session 4: SQL Filtering, Sorting,

Aggregation & Basic Joins (Using Oracle


Live SQL)
Objective:
✔ Learn to filter, sort, and aggregate data using SQL.
✔ Perform basic joins to extract business insights.
✔ Execute multiple hands-on queries to strengthen SQL concepts.

1️⃣ Creating the Database Structure


Scenario:
You work for a restaurant chain analyzing customer orders, menu items, and employee
details. You need to store, retrieve, and analyze data using SQL.

Activity: Define the structure of the database.

Table 1: Customers (Stores customer details)

✔ CustomerID → Unique ID for each customer (Primary Key)


✔ Name → Customer’s full name
✔ City → City of residence
✔ JoinDate → When the customer joined the restaurant’s loyalty program

CREATE TABLE Customers (


CustomerID NUMBER PRIMARY KEY,
Name VARCHAR2(100),
City VARCHAR2(50),
JoinDate DATE
);

Table 2: Menu (Stores restaurant menu items)

✔ DishID → Unique ID for each dish (Primary Key)


✔ DishName → Name of the dish
✔ Category → Type of cuisine (Italian, Japanese, etc.)
✔ Price → Cost of the dish

CREATE TABLE Menu (


DishID NUMBER PRIMARY KEY,
DishName VARCHAR2(100),
Category VARCHAR2(50),
Price NUMBER(10,2)
);
Table 3: Orders (Stores customer orders)

✔ OrderID → Unique ID for each order (Primary Key)


✔ CustomerID → Reference to the customer placing the order (Foreign Key)
✔ DishID → Reference to the dish ordered (Foreign Key)
✔ OrderDate → Date of order placement
✔ Quantity → Number of items ordered
✔ TotalPrice → Total cost of the order

CREATE TABLE Orders (


OrderID NUMBER PRIMARY KEY,
CustomerID NUMBER,
DishID NUMBER,
OrderDate DATE,
Quantity NUMBER,
TotalPrice NUMBER(10,2),
FOREIGN KEY (CustomerID) REFERENCES Customers(CustomerID),
FOREIGN KEY (DishID) REFERENCES Menu(DishID)
);

Table 4: Employees (Stores employee details)

✔ EmployeeID → Unique ID for each employee (Primary Key)


✔ Name → Employee’s full name
✔ Role → Job position (Chef, Waiter, etc.)
✔ Salary → Employee’s monthly salary

CREATE TABLE Employees (


EmployeeID NUMBER PRIMARY KEY,
Name VARCHAR2(100),
Role VARCHAR2(50),
Salary NUMBER(10,2)
);

2️⃣ Inserting Sample Data (10 Records Each)


Activity: Populate tables with restaurant data for realistic hands-on practice.

Adding 10 Customers
INSERT INTO Customers VALUES (1, 'Alice Johnson', 'New York',
TO_DATE('2023-01-15', 'YYYY-MM-DD'));
INSERT INTO Customers VALUES (2, 'Bob Smith', 'Los Angeles', TO_DATE('2023-
02-10', 'YYYY-MM-DD'));
-- (Add remaining 8 customers similarly)

Adding 10 Menu Items


INSERT INTO Menu VALUES (101, 'Pasta Alfredo', 'Italian', 12.99);
INSERT INTO Menu VALUES (102, 'Sushi Roll', 'Japanese', 15.99);
-- (Add remaining 8 dishes similarly)

Adding 10 Orders
INSERT INTO Orders VALUES (1001, 1, 101, TO_DATE('2023-07-10', 'YYYY-MM-
DD'), 2, 25.98);
INSERT INTO Orders VALUES (1002, 2, 102, TO_DATE('2023-07-12', 'YYYY-MM-
DD'), 1, 15.99);
-- (Add remaining 8 orders similarly)

Adding 10 Employees
INSERT INTO Employees VALUES (1, 'David Miller', 'Chef', 4000.00);
INSERT INTO Employees VALUES (2, 'Sarah Lee', 'Waiter', 2500.00);
-- (Add remaining 8 employees similarly)

3️⃣ Querying & Filtering Data


Objective: Learn how to retrieve specific data using WHERE, ORDER BY, and conditions.

1️⃣ Retrieve Customers from a Specific City


SELECT * FROM Customers WHERE City = 'New York';

Explanation: This query finds all customers who live in New York.

2️⃣ Find Expensive Orders (Above $30)


SELECT * FROM Orders WHERE TotalPrice > 30;

Explanation: Filters orders where total price exceeds $30.

3️⃣ Sort Menu by Price (Highest First)


SELECT * FROM Menu ORDER BY Price DESC;

Explanation: Sorts menu items from highest to lowest price.

4⃣ Find Total Orders Per Customer


SELECT CustomerID, COUNT(*) AS OrderCount FROM Orders GROUP BY CustomerID;

Explanation: Groups orders by customer and counts how many orders each
customer placed.

5️⃣ Find Employees with Salaries Above $4000


SELECT Name, Role FROM Employees WHERE Salary > 4000;
Explanation: Lists all employees earning more than $4000 per month.

4⃣ Basic Joins for Business Insights


Objective: Learn to combine multiple tables using JOIN for meaningful data analysis.

1️⃣ Retrieve Orders with Customer Names


SELECT O.OrderID, C.Name, O.OrderDate, O.TotalPrice
FROM Orders O
JOIN Customers C ON O.CustomerID = C.CustomerID;

Explanation:
✔ Fetches order details along with customer names.
✔ JOIN condition: Matches CustomerID in both tables.

2️⃣ Retrieve Orders with Dish Names & Prices


SELECT O.OrderID, M.DishName, M.Price, O.Quantity, O.TotalPrice
FROM Orders O
JOIN Menu M ON O.DishID = M.DishID;

Explanation:
✔ Fetches order details along with dish names and prices.
✔ JOIN condition: Matches DishID in both tables.

✅ Summary: Hands-on SQL Practice with 10 Sample


Records
✔ Learned: Filtering, Sorting, Aggregation, Basic Joins.
✔ Practiced 20+ Queries with 10 sample records per table.
✔ Outcome: Strong SQL foundation through real-world data analytics.

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