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Tutorial 9

This document contains a series of thermodynamics problems related to various processes involving gases, heat exchangers, turbines, and refrigeration units. It includes calculations for mass flow rates, power requirements, heat transfer, and entropy generation for different scenarios. The problems cover both theoretical and practical applications of engineering thermodynamics principles.

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bandarupavan2006
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14 views1 page

Tutorial 9

This document contains a series of thermodynamics problems related to various processes involving gases, heat exchangers, turbines, and refrigeration units. It includes calculations for mass flow rates, power requirements, heat transfer, and entropy generation for different scenarios. The problems cover both theoretical and practical applications of engineering thermodynamics principles.

Uploaded by

bandarupavan2006
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Engineering Thermodynamics (CH161)

Tutorial-9

1. Nitrogen gas is compressed from 80 kPa and 27°C to 480 kPa by a 10-kW compressor.
Determine the mass flow rate of nitrogen through the compressor, assuming the com-
pression process to be (a) isentropic, (b) polytropic with n = 1.3, (c) isothermal, and (d) ideal
two-stage polytropic with n = 1.3.
2. A 1200-W electric resistance heating element whose diameter is 0.5 cm is immersed in 40
kg of water initially at 20°C. Assuming the water container is well-insulated, determine how
long it will take for this heater to raise the water temperature to 50°C. Also, determine the
entropy generated during this process, in kJ/K.
3. In large steam power plants, the feedwater is frequently heated in closed feedwater heaters,
which are basically heat exchangers, by steam extracted from the turbine at some stage.
Steam enters the feedwater heater at 1 MPa and 200°C and leaves as saturated liquid at the
same pressure. Feedwater enters the heater at 2.5 MPa and 50°C and leaves 10°C below the
exit temperature of the steam. Neglecting any heat losses from the outer surfaces of the
heater, determine (a) the ratio of the mass flow rates of the extracted steam and the feedwater
heater and (b) the total entropy change for this process per unit mass of the feedwater.
4. Steam enters an adiabatic turbine at 5 MPa, 650°C, and 80 m/s and leaves at 50 kPa, 150°C,
and 140 m/s. If the power output of the turbine is 8 MW, determine (a) the mass flow rate
of the steam flowing through the turbine and (b) the isentropic efficiency of the turbine.
Answers: (a) 8.03 kg/s, (b) 82.8 percent
5. A refrigeration unit compresses saturated R-134a vapor at 10°C to 1000 kPa. How much
power is required to compress 0.9 kg/s of R-134a with a compressor efficiency of 85
percent? Answer: 19.3 kW
6. An ordinary egg can be approximated as a 5.5-cmdiameter sphere. The egg is initially at a
uniform temperature of 8°C and is dropped into boiling water at 97°C. Taking the properties
of the egg to be ρ = 1020 kg/m3 and cp = 3.32 kJ/kg·°C, determine (a) how much heat is
transferred to the egg by the time the average temperature of the egg rises to 70°C and (b)
the amount of entropy generation associated with this heat transfer process.
7. The electric power needs of a community are to be met by windmills with 40-m-diameter
rotors. The windmills are to be located where the wind is blowing steadily at an average
velocity of 6 m/s. Determine the minimum number of windmills that need to be installed if
the required power output is 1500 kW.
8. A freezer is maintained at -7°C by removing heat from it at a rate of 80 kJ/min. The power
input to the freezer is 0.50 kW, and the surrounding air is at 25°C. Determine (a) the
reversible power, (b) the irreversibility, and (c) the second-law efficiency of this freezer
Answers: (a) 0.16 kW, (b) 0.34 kW, (c) 32 percent

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