Tribhuvan University

Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences

Travel Management System

[YATRA]

FINAL PROJECT REPORT

Submitted to
Department of Computer Application
Advanced College of Engineering and Management

In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Bachelors in

Computer Application

Submitted by
Bishwa Sharma [ACE079BCA003]
Saurav Subedi [ACE079BCA016]

Feburary 17, 2025

Under the Supervision of

Govinda Gautam
 Tribhuvan University

Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences

Advanced College of Engineering and Management

Supervisor’s Recommendation

I hereby, recommend that this project prepared by BISHWA SHARMA & SAURAV
SUBEDI under my supervision entitled “TOURISM MANAGEMENT SYSTEM”
named as “YATRA” in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor
of Computer Application is recommended for the final evaluation.

…………………
Signature
Govinda Gautam
Supervisor
Advanced College of Engineering and Management
Kalanki, Kathmandu

i
 Tribhuvan University

Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences

Advanced College of Engineering and Management

LETTER OF APPROVAL

This is to certify that this project prepared by BISHWA SHARMA & SAURAV SUBEDI
entitled “TOURISM MANAGEMENT SYSTEM” named as “YATRA” in partial
fulfilment of the requirements for the Bachelor in Computer Application degree has been
evaluated. In our opinion, it is satisfactory in scope and quality as a project for the
required degree.

……………………………………. ………………………………………….
Signature of Supervisor Signature of Coordinator
Govinda Gautam Kritika Gulati
Lecturer Coordinator
Advanced College of Engineering and Advanced College of Engineering and
Management Management
Kalanki, Kathmandu Kalanki, Kathmandu

………………………………………. …………………………….………..
Signature of Internal Examiner Signature of External Examiner

ii
 ABSTRACT

Traveling is a popular activity for people worldwide, whether it involves short or long
distances. The need for a comprehensive travel management system that can efficiently
handle tourism information is essential for every tour management company.

The final project report Travel Management System is a dynamic web application
designed for the tourism industry. It allows travel agencies to manage various tour
packages based on different destinations. This system enables tour companies to create
tailored packages that cater to diverse budgets and preferences. The integrated search
module allows administrators to easily find, update, or upgrade tour packages.
Additionally, this feature can be extended to a customer-facing page, enabling users to
browse and choose tour packages that fit their budget and destination preferences.

The primary goal of this system is to assist tourism companies in managing their tour
packages effectively. The system is versatile, supporting both leisure and business travel.
By maintaining a centralized database, the system simplifies travel arrangements and
provides quick access to relevant information.

Keywords: Tour Package, Travel, Tourists, Booking

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 Contents
ABSTRACT........................................................................................................................iii

Contents..............................................................................................................................iv

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT.................................................................................................vii

List of Abbreviations........................................................................................................viii

List of Figures.....................................................................................................................ix

List of Tables........................................................................................................................x

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION........................................................................................1

1.1 Introduction................................................................................................................1

1.2 Problem Statement.....................................................................................................2

1.3 Objectives...................................................................................................................2

1.4 Scope and Limitation.................................................................................................2

1.4.1 Scope...................................................................................................................2

1.4.2 Limitation............................................................................................................2

1.5 Development Methodology........................................................................................3

Figure 1: Waterfall Model for Software Development Process...................................3

1.6 Report Organization...................................................................................................5

CHAPTER 2: BACKGROUND STUDY AND LITERATURE REVIEW.........................6

2.1 Background Study......................................................................................................6

2.2 Literature Review.......................................................................................................6

Chapter 3: System Analysis and Design..............................................................................8

3.1 System Analysis.........................................................................................................8

3.1.1 Requirement Analysis.........................................................................................8

Figure 2:Use Case Diagram of Tour and Travel Agency.............................................8

3.1.2 Feasibility Analysis.................................................................................................9

3.1.3 Data Modeling: ER Diagram...........................................................................10

Figure 3: ER Diagram of Tour and Travel Agency....................................................10

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 3.1.4 Process Modeling (DFD)......................................................................................11

3.1.4.1 Context Diagram............................................................................................11

Figure 4: Context Diagram of Tour and Travel Agency.............................................11

3.1.4.2 Physical DFD.................................................................................................12

Figure 5: Physical DFD of Tour and Travel Agency..................................................12

....................................................................................................................................13

3.1.4.5 logical DFD....................................................................................................13

Figure 6: Logical DFD of Tour and Travel Agency...................................................13

3.2 System Design..........................................................................................................14

3.2.1 Architectural Design..........................................................................................14

Figure 7: Architectural Design of Tour and Travel Agency.......................................14

3.2.2 Database Schema Design..................................................................................15

Figure 8: Database Schema of Tour and Travel Agency............................................15

3.2.3 Interface Design(UI/UX)..................................................................................16

Figure 9: Homepage of Tour and Travel Agency.......................................................16

Figure 10: Signup Page for Users..............................................................................16

Figure 11: SignIn Page for Users...............................................................................17

Figure 12: Login Page for Admin..............................................................................17

CHAPTER 4.......................................................................................................................18

IMPLEMENTATION AND TESTING..............................................................................18

4.1 Implementation........................................................................................................18

4.1.1 Tools Used.........................................................................................................18

1. Visual Studio Code(VS Code)................................................................................18

2. HTML(Hypertext Markup Language)...................................................................18

3. CSS(Cascading Style Sheet)..................................................................................19

4. JavaScript(JS).........................................................................................................19

5. PHP........................................................................................................................19

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 6. MySQL...................................................................................................................19

7. XAMPP Server.......................................................................................................20

8. Microsoft Word......................................................................................................20

9. Microsoft Excel......................................................................................................20

10. Microsoft PowerPoint..........................................................................................20

4.1.2 Modules Used:..................................................................................................21

Testing........................................................................................................................21

Test Cases for Unit Testing........................................................................................21

Table 1: Test cases of Unit Testing.............................................................................21

Conclusion..........................................................................................................................22

References..........................................................................................................................23

Appendices.........................................................................................................................24

Appendices 1: User Register Panel............................................................................24

Appendices 1: User Login Panel................................................................................24

Appendices 3: Admin Panel Dashboard.....................................................................25

Appendices 4: Home Page of User Portal..................................................................25

Appendices 5: List of Users registered in the system................................................26

Appendices 6: List of Admin registered in the system..............................................26

Appendices 7: List of Packages in the system...........................................................27

Appendices 8: Example of Packages.........................................................................27

Appendices 9: Details of Packages............................................................................28

Appendices 10: List of Booking in the Systems........................................................28

Appendices 11: Packages Create Method..................................................................29

Appendices 12: Users Tour History...........................................................................29

Appendices 13: User Registration Validation............................................................30

Appendices 14: Package Booking Validation............................................................30

Appendices 15: Create Package Booking Validation.................................................31

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The completion of this project has been possible due to the support and guidance of many
individuals, and I would like to express my gratitude to all those associated with this
project.

First and foremost, we would like to extend our sincere thanks to the supervisor of this
project, Mr. Govinda Gautam. We are also deeply grateful to our lecturer, Mr. Sakriya
Maharjan, whose guidance greatly enriched my learning and who supported us
throughout the project. Special thanks to our Head of Department, Mrs. Kritika Gulati,
for her valuable suggestions and continuous support during the project. Their input and
direction have been instrumental in the successful completion of this project.

Lastly, I would like to thank all of my lecturers and friends for their consistent support,
valuable suggestions, and guidance, which were of great help in various stages of the
project’s development.

Bishwa Sharma
Saurav Subedi

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 List of Abbreviations
CASE tools: Computer Aided Software Engineering tools

CMS: Content Management System

CSS: Cascading Style Sheet

DFD: Data Flow Diagram

ER: Entity Relationship

HTML: Hypertext Markup Language

JDBC: Java Database Connectivity

JS: Java script

JSP: Jakarta Server Pages

SQL: Structured Query Language

UI: User Interface

viii
 List of Figures
Figure 1: Waterfall Model for Software Development Process...........................................3
Figure 2:Use Case Diagram of Tour and Travel Agency.....................................................8
Figure 3: ER Diagram of Tour and Travel Agency............................................................10
Figure 4: Context Diagram of Tour and Travel Agency.....................................................11
Figure 5: Physical DFD of Tour and Travel Agency..........................................................12
Figure 6: Logical DFD of Tour and Travel Agency...........................................................13
Figure 7: Architectural Design of Tour and Travel Agency...............................................14
Figure 8: Database Schema of Tour and Travel Agency....................................................15
Figure 9: Homepage of Tour and Travel Agency...............................................................16
Figure 10: Signup Page for Users......................................................................................16
Figure 11: SignIn Page for Users.......................................................................................17
Figure 12: Login Page for Admin......................................................................................17

ix
 List of Tables
Table 1: Test cases of Unit Testing.....................................................................................21

x
 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Introduction

A tour and travel agency plays a crucial role in facilitating travel by organizing trips that
involve visiting various destinations, often as part of a group guided by an expert. Travel
agents assist clients in planning their journeys by helping them choose destinations, book
transportation, and arrange accommodations. They also provide essential information
about travel requirements and responsibilities. Over the years, tourism has emerged as a
major economic contributor, promoting the development of many countries. In the
modern world, holidays are seen as a necessity, not just a luxury. The tourism industry
depends on the seamless coordination between travel agents, tour operators, and tourists.

Tourism encompasses key elements such as destinations, attractions, accommodations,

and other supporting services. With the growing demand for tourism, the need for an
efficient and dynamic travel management application has become essential. To address
this demand, we have developed an application designed to provide efficient travel
services to both customers and travel agents. The Travel Management System allows
tourists to easily search and find suitable tour packages based on their preferences. It also
promotes responsible tourism by encouraging travelers to explore diverse cultures,
enriching their travel experience and fostering pride in global tourism.

This system is a web-based application aimed at automating the various processes and
activities involved in managing a travel agency. Planning a trip can often be a complex
task for customers, and executing it without an organized system can be difficult. The
proposed system replaces the existing manual system by offering a more efficient solution
to manage customer data, destinations, and payment records. The system is highly
automated, making travel arrangements more flexible and easier to manage. The backend
of the system utilizes SQL Server for data storage, ensuring that all information is
securely kept, and data loss is mitigated through reliable backups.

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1.2 Problem Statement
The main purpose of the study was to find out how the current traveling sites are
operating. It turns out that most of the traveling sites are outdated and have boring
UI/UX.

1. They lack the necessary information a traveler would look for before traveling.
2. They don’t have transparency about their packages and itinerary.
3. Tourists find it difficult to plan their trips. It’s very hard to collect full information
and takes much time even for limited details.
4. Tourists need to rely on paper maps or human instructors.
5. It becomes really inconvenient for tourists when there is a lack of information.
6. Thus, we figured out that our travel site can address these issues and help tourists
get all the information they need before traveling.

1.3 Objectives
The objectives of Tour and Travel Agency are as follows:

 To provide travelers with all the information they need before traveling.
 To maintain transparency about the traveling packages and itinerary.
 To ensure safe traveling.

1.4 Scope and Limitation

1.4.1 Scope
The field of the tour and travel agency primarily deals with taking care of tourists,
hospitality management, travel management, etc. Tour and Travel Agency is an integrated
software developed for tour operating companies. The main aim of this project is to help
tourism companies manage their customers, vehicles, and agents. It makes all operations
of the tour company easy and accurate. The standalone platform makes tourism
management easy by handling agency requests and providing services for the customers
located in different parts of various cities. Different modules have been incorporated into
this project to handle different parts and sectors of the tour management field.

1.4.2 Limitation
It does not provide the information of all places in Nepal.

It does not have online payment functionality.

2
1.5 Development Methodology
Waterfall Model is used to develop this system. In the waterfall model, each phase must
be completed before the next phase can begin, and there is no overlapping in the phases.
This means the output of the previous phase works as input to the next phase.

Figure 1: Waterfall Model for Software Development Process

3
The Tour and Travel Agency system is developed using the waterfall model. The reason
for choosing this approach is its simplicity. Likewise, we were accustomed to the
objectives and intended course of action that were going to follow to make this project a
reality. Hence, the waterfall model seemed to be the best method to implement this
project. The major steps that we undertook while following the waterfall model of
development are as follows:

 Planning: In this phase, we planned what and how our system will be. We
gathered ideas from the surroundings and nearby people. We also tried to gather
facts about why we need this system.
 Analysis: Here, we analyzed old projects, currently used systems, and the
problems we faced. We analyzed the needs and requirements of potential
customers and their expectations from the system. Based on the collected facts, we
finalized the requirements for our project. Later, we decided on the requirements,
target users, and targeted platforms for our system.
 Design: In this phase, we designed database schemas, interface designs, process
modeling, etc. In short, we designed everything from how our system will look to
how it will work. We also designed workflows and architectural designs of our
system.
 Implementation: Finally, we moved to the coding and testing phase. We used the
outputs of the previous phases as input to this phase. We implemented each study
and design made earlier. We also tested our system by preparing different test
cases for unit and system testing.

4
1.6 Report Organization
This project report is divided into five chapters. The chapters are as follows:

Chapter 1: Introduction – This chapter contains brief introduction about the project.

Chapter 2: Background Study and Literature Review – This chapter contains information
that we acquired from background studies and literature reviews on similar projects.

Chapter 3: System Analysis and Design – The analysis part of the system along with the
design process is mentioned in this chapter.

Chapter 4: Implementation and Testing – The implementation of the system and the
testing results have been included in this chapter.

Chapter 5: Conclusion and Future Recommendations – The summary of the project along
with the improvements and recommendations for future projects have been mentioned in
this chapter.

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 CHAPTER 2: BACKGROUND STUDY AND LITERATURE
REVIEW
2.1 Background Study
Tourism is one of the most important sources of income for the nation. Nepal, with its
natural wonders as well as man-made attractions, has the potential to become a premier
tourist destination in Asia despite fierce competition from neighboring countries. The
higher arrival of foreign tourists can be attributed to the aggressive campaigns undertaken
by the government, which have been in place in recent years. The allocation for the
development of the tourism industry has also steadily increased in view of Malaysia's vast
potential in the business. Indeed, tourism is a significant industry, as it was already the
third-largest foreign exchange earner in Malaysia, following the export of industrial
goods and primary commodities. Realizing this, the government is sparing no effort in
promoting the tourism industry by granting various development and tax incentives to
boost the sector, which is fast becoming a lucrative venture for local entrepreneurs.

2.2 Literature Review

Potentially, all current travel and tourism transactions can be performed online on the
Internet. The opportunity presented by the industry, now the biggest in the world, is
immense. The World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC) reported in World Economic
Impact in 1998 that Travel and Tourism—encompassing transport, accommodation,
catering, recreation, and services for travelers—is expected to grow to US$10.0 trillion of
economic activity and 328 million jobs by 2010 [1].

The development of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) and

particularly the Internet has had a profound impact on the travel industry. These
developments have changed travelers’ behavior as they now depend on the Internet to
search for information, plan their travel, and make purchases. Over a decade ago,
Werthner and Klein already stressed that tourism and ICTs fit well together since travel
products and services have the ideal characteristics to be sold online. Predictions that the
Internet would have an enormous impact on how hospitality and tourism services are
distributed have certainly proven true. Various sources highlight the importance of online
travel shopping [2].

6
Tourism is one of the industries that has shown great growth over the years, both as a
source of income and in the development of new technologies. This industry generates a
large direct and indirect impact on the world economy and promotes local development
through the creation of jobs and the sustainable use of available resources in the regions.
However, tourism development is limited by the infrastructure and transport network in
the tourist area. Therefore, transportation plays a crucial role in terms of accessibility to
points of interest (POI) and, in some cases, defines the attractiveness of these sites.
Additionally, there are restrictions on supply and access to information for supply chain
actors. Typically, tourist packages and static routes are designed, which highlights the
lack of tools that allow planning travel itineraries with real-time information. All these
aspects limit the ability to respond positively to the shift from mass tourism to an
independent travel market under the new orientation of personalized tour itineraries [3].

Leisure travelers increasingly prefer to book hotels online due to the convenience and
cost/time savings. This research examines the direct and mediating effects of brand
image, perceived price, trust, and perceived value on consumers' booking intentions,
comparing gender differences in online hotel booking. The outcomes confirm most of the
direct and indirect path effects and are consistent with findings from previous studies.
Consumers in Taiwan tend to believe that the hotel price is affordable, the hotel brand is
attractive, the hotel is trustworthy, and the hotel will offer good value for the price, thus
increasing the likelihood of their booking intentions. Brand image, perceived price, and
perceived value are the three critical determinants directly influencing purchase
intentions. However, the impact of trust on purchase intentions is not significant.
Additionally, gender differences in purchase intentions are not significant. Managerial
implications of these results are discussed.

In Nepal, too, the tour management platform seems relevant. Nepal is a beautifully
naturally gifted country with great potential for the tourism industry. Following the
glorious success of past Tourism Year campaigns, such as Visit Nepal 2011 and Visit
Nepal 1998, a new tourism campaign was announced. The objectives of Visit Nepal 2020
were to promote Nepal as a Tourism Destination. Hence, the Nepal Tourism Year 2020
was named Visit Nepal 2020 [4].

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 Chapter 3: System Analysis and Design
3.1 System Analysis
3.1.1 Requirement Analysis
i. Functional Requirements

Admin
User

Figure 2:Use Case Diagram of Tour and Travel Agency

8
The above use case diagram shows the functional requirements of the TTA management
system. It is clearly exhibited that the system consists of two actors – user and admin. The
admin has all administrative controls and privileges, whereas the user is a member of the
system. The admin can approve users' booking packages, control their rights, and manage
users in the system. Users can register and login to the system.

ii. Non-functional Requirements

 Availability: The system is developed as a web application and can be used
online.
 Security: The system is secure, and data isn’t shared with third parties.
Likewise, only authorized entities have access to the data.
 Performance: The system is designed for smooth performance with
optimization.
 Reliability: The system is reliable and gives the same result irrespective of
the user if the same operations are done.

3.1.2 Feasibility Analysis

1. Technical:
The Tour and Travel Agency system is a technically feasible project as it uses
open-source, free, and readily available components and programming languages.
It is built using HTML, CSS, Bootstrap, JavaScript, PHP, and MySQL.
2. Operational:
The Online Tour and Travel Agency system will be developed in both inter and
intranet operability environments. The end-user application part will be developed
using open-source software, and the database will be hosted and managed by
MySQL, a free version of Microsoft server.
3. Economical:
In order to create an Online Tour and Travel Agency system, economic feasibility
is crucial. How the budget is utilized and where it is being spent is an important
aspect to be considered. Most of the system budget is used for testing and backend
activities.

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3.1.3 Data Modeling: ER Diagram
Data modeling is used for representing entities and their relationships in the database.
The ER (Entity Relationship) Model can be referred to as a Data Model. The E-R
Model is a popular high-level conceptual data model. This model and its variations
are frequently used for the conceptual design of database applications, and many
database design tools employ its concept.

Figure 3: ER Diagram of Tour and Travel Agency

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3.1.4 Process Modeling (DFD)
3.1.4.1 Context Diagram
A Data Flow Diagram (DFD) is a graphical tool used to describe and analyze the
movement of data through the system. These are central tools and the basis from which
components are developed. The transformation of data from input to output, through
processing, may be described logically and independently of physical components
associated with the system. These are known as logical data flow diagrams.

Figure 4: Context Diagram of Tour and Travel Agency

In the above figure, it shows the context-level DFD of TTA. In this figure, the user can
book packages and also log in and sign up in the system. The user can view details of the
packages, and the admin can add and manage packages in the system. The admin can also
log in to the system. The context-level DFD provides an overall view of the system.

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3.1.4.2 Physical DFD

Figure 5: Physical DFD of Tour and Travel Agency

The above diagram shows the physical DFD of the Tour and Travel Agency. It provides a
more detailed view than the context-level DFD. In this figure, there are four processes,
and each has its own database, which works with the respective database.

12
3.1.4.5 logical DFD

Figure 6: Logical DFD of Tour and Travel Agency

The above figure shows the Level 1 DFD of the Tour and Travel Agency system. It
provides a more detailed view than the context-level DFD. In this figure, there are four
processes, and each has its own database which works with the respective database.

13
3.2 System Design
3.2.1 Architectural Design
Architectural design is considered the basis and the first phase before bringing the idea to
reality. It combines design, understood as the creative process, and architecture, which is
based on the creation and presentation of solutions at a technical level.

Figure 7: Architectural Design of Tour and Travel Agency

14
3.2.2 Database Schema Design

Database schema design represents the actual database schema used in an application.
The actual fields, data types, and relationships are clearly represented so that anyone can
understand what data is being stored and where in the designed system.

Figure 8: Database Schema of Tour and Travel Agency

The above figure shows the database relations in the system. In this system, there are
seven tables such as tbluser, admin, tbltourpackage, etc. In this schema, every table has a
primary key (ID). It denotes the unique attribute of the table.

15
3.2.3 Interface Design(UI/UX)
Interface Design focuses on anticipating what users might need to do and ensuring that
the interface has elements that are easy to access, understand, and use to facilitate those
actions. UI brings together concepts from interaction design, visual design, and
information architecture.

Figure 9: Homepage of Tour and Travel Agency

Figure 10: Signup Page for Users

16
 Figure 11: SignIn Page for Users

Figure 12: Login Page for Admin

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 CHAPTER 4

IMPLEMENTATION AND TESTING

4.1 Implementation
Data was gathered in the initial phase. Data collection takes longer than the other phases.
The entire project's physical design has been translated into functional computer code.
The chapter before addressed a variety of techniques and technologies that were used to
construct the system.

4.1.1 Tools Used

The tools that are used while designing this web application are:

Frontend: HTML, CSS, JavaScript

Backend: PHP

Database: MySQL

Documentation tools: Microsoft Word, Microsoft Excel, Microsoft PowerPoint

1. Visual Studio Code(VS Code)

Visual Studio Code (VS Code) is a popular source code editor that supports HTML and
CSS development. VS Code provides syntax highlighting, auto-completion, and code
formatting for HTML files. We can create and edit HTML documents using the built-in
HTML language. We can write CSS code and apply styles to HTML elements. We can
use CSS to define the visual appearance of our web pages, including colors, fonts, layout,
and more. VS Code provides debugging capabilities for JavaScript, which is commonly
used to enhance interactivity and functionality in web development.

2. HTML(Hypertext Markup Language)

Since this project is a web-based application, HTML serves the best for the content of the
application as it has more precise semantics, support for multimedia, and higher
performance. HTML is a text-based approach to describing how content contained within
an HTML file is structured. This markup tells a web browser how to display text, images,
and other forms of multimedia on a webpage.

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3. CSS(Cascading Style Sheet)
CSS is the standard and preferred mechanism for formatting HTML pages. It has a lot of
features like rounded corners, shadows, gradients, transitions, animations, and new
layouts like multi-columns, flexible box, and grid layouts. CSS has been used in this
project for the design of the canvas and to give users a full-fledged operation that a
common paint application usually provides. CSS is implemented in the project for
designing HTML content and proper placement of HTML content.

4. JavaScript(JS)
JavaScript is a scripting language to enable web authors to design interactive sites.
JavaScript can interact with HTML source code, enabling web authors to spice up their
sites with dynamic content. JavaScript (JS) is a cross-platform, object-oriented scripting
language. It is a lightweight interpreted programming language. It is the most well-known
scripting language for web pages. JS is a prototype-based, multi-paradigm, dynamic
scripting language, supporting object-oriented, imperative, and declarative styles. It has
been widely used throughout this project.

5. PHP
PHP is an open-source, server-side, and HTML embedded scripting language used to
create dynamic web pages. PHP can perform any task that any CGI program can do, but
its strength lies in its compatibility with many types of databases. PHP is a general-
purpose scripting language that is especially suited to server-side web development,
where PHP generally runs on a web server. Therefore, it is best for server-side
programming for this project.

6. MySQL
MySQL is an open-source relational database management system (RDBMS) with a
client-server model. It runs as a server providing multi-user access to a number of
databases. MySQL is a popular choice of database for use in web applications and is an
open-source product.

19
7. XAMPP Server
We utilized XAMPP Server to host our project locally. It acted as a host for the PHP
website as well as MySQL database. XAMPP is a software package that simplifies the
setup and deployment of a local web server environment. It provides the necessary tools
and services to develop and test websites locally before deploying them to a live server.

8. Microsoft Word
Microsoft Word is a computer program that helps you create and edit documents. It's like
a digital notepad where you can type letters, stories, reports, or anything you want to
write. In this project, we used it for documentation purposes and report making purpose.
You can change the text's appearance, like making it bold or colorful, and add pictures to
your documents. It's handy for making things look neat and organized before you print
them or share them with others.

9. Microsoft Excel
Microsoft Excel is like a digital spreadsheet. We used excel to record timeline of the
project in the form of Gantt chart. It helps you organize and calculate numbers. Imagine a
table where you can put numbers and do math with them easily. You can make lists,
budgets, or charts to show information in a clear way. It's great for managing finances,
keeping track of data, and making things like graphs and tables.

10. Microsoft PowerPoint

Microsoft PowerPoint is like a digital tool for making presentations. It helps you create
slides that show pictures, text, and even videos to explain or share something. It's like
making a picture story to tell people about a topic. You can make each slide look nice and
add transitions to make the presentation interesting. In our project, we used PowerPoint to
create presentations.

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 4.1.2 Modules Used:
The proposed system categories and follows these modules to implement:

 Login Component
o Admin
o Users

 User Component
o Tour Packages Details
o Users Details

Testing
Test Cases for Unit Testing
Test Scenario Enter Value Expected Actual Output Remarks
Case Output

1 Check Email: (blank), Password: Login Invalid email id fail

login with (blank) successful or Password
empty field

2 Check Email:bishwa@gmail.co Login Invalid email id fail

login with Password: bishwa123 successful or Password
un-
registered
email
3 Check Email:saurav@mail.com, Login Invalid email id fail
login with Password: saurav123 successful or Password
invalid
password
4 Check Email:bishwa@gmail.com, Login Login successful pass
Login with Password: Bishwa@123 successful
valid data

Table 1: Test cases of Unit Testing

21
 Conclusion
The YATRA project successfully addresses the challenges faced in the tourism sector by
providing a dynamic and user-friendly web-based application. This system streamlines
tour and travel management by automating package creation, customer handling, and
administrative tasks. The use of robust technologies like HTML, CSS, JavaScript, PHP,
and MySQL ensures efficient performance and reliability. While the project achieves its
primary objectives of enhancing transparency, simplifying travel planning, and ensuring
safety, there are opportunities for further improvement. Incorporating online payment
functionality and expanding the geographical data coverage can significantly enhance the
system's usability and appeal. YATRA demonstrates the potential of technology to
revolutionize traditional travel agency operations, offering a scalable and effective
solution for the tourism industry. This project paves the way for more advanced and
integrated travel management systems in the future.

22
 References
[1] Z. M. Rachman, 01 Aug 2022. [Online]. Available:
https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download.

[2] S. A. a. P. Duarte, "Online travel purchasing: A literature review," S. Amaro and P.

Duarte, Vols. vol. 30, no. 8, p. 755–785, 2013.

[3] J. R.-M. a. J. R. Montoya-Torres, "A systematic literature review for the tourist trip
design problem: Extensions, solution techniques and future research lines," vol. vol.
9, 2022.

[4] S. Lamsal, "Visit Nepal 2020: Nepal Tourism Year 2020: What to Expect from Visit
Nepal 2020," Jul 24, 2023.

23
 Appendices
Appendices 1: User Register Panel

Appendices 1: User Login Panel

24
Appendices 3: Admin Panel Dashboard

Appendices 4: Home Page of User Portal

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Appendices 5: List of Users registered in the system

Appendices 6: List of Admin registered in the system

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Appendices 7: List of Packages in the system

Appendices 8: Example of Packages

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Appendices 9: Details of Packages

Appendices 10: List of Booking in the Systems

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Appendices 11: Packages Create Method

Appendices 12: Users Tour History

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Appendices 13: User Registration Validation

Appendices 14: Package Booking Validation

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Appendices 15: Create Package Booking Validation

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