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assignment2 cn lab

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2 views7 pages

assignment2 cn lab

Uploaded by

Filza Zarqa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ASSIGNMENT-2

NETWORKING TOPOLOGIES
1. Bus Topology
• Description: All devices are connected to a single central cable, called the bus or
backbone.
• Advantages:
o Cost-effective (requires minimal cable).
o Easy to set up for small networks.
• Disadvantages:
o Limited scalability.
o A failure in the main cable can bring down the entire network.
o Performance degrades with more devices.
• Common Use: Small or temporary networks.

Zarqa Gulrez(22310237)
2. Star Topology
• Description: All devices are connected to a central hub or switch.
• Advantages:
o Easy to install and manage.
o Failure of one device doesn’t affect others.
o High performance with fewer collisions.
• Disadvantages:
o If the central hub fails, the entire network is disrupted.
o Requires more cables than a bus topology.
• Common Use: Modern home and office networks.

Zarqa Gulrez(22310237)
3. Ring Topology
• Description: Devices are connected in a circular chain, forming a closed loop.
• Advantages:
o Easy to identify and isolate faults.
o Data flows in one direction, reducing collisions.
• Disadvantages:
o A failure in any single connection disrupts the entire network.
o Adding or removing devices can be complex.
• Common Use: Token Ring networks (less common today).

Zarqa Gulrez(22310237)
4. Mesh Topology
• Description: Every device is connected to every other device in the network.
• Advantages:
o Highly reliable (multiple paths between devices).
o Failure of one connection doesn’t affect the network.
• Disadvantages:
o Expensive due to the number of connections and cables required.
o Complex to set up and manage.
• Common Use: High-reliability networks like WANs or data centers.

Zarqa Gulrez(22310237)
5. Tree Topology
• Description: A hierarchical structure where groups of devices are connected to a
central hub, and these hubs are connected to a higher-level hub.
• Advantages:
o Scalable and easy to manage in a structured way.
o Fault isolation is easier than in some other topologies.
• Disadvantages:
o If the root node fails, the entire network is affected.
o Requires a lot of cable and configuration.
• Common Use: High-reliability networks like WANs or data centers.

Zarqa Gulrez(22310237)
6. Hybrid Topology
• Description: A combination of two or more different topologies (e.g., star-bus or star-
ring).
• Advantages:
o Flexible and can be tailored to meet specific needs.
o Reliable and scalable.
• Disadvantages:
o Complex design and management.
o Expensive due to diverse hardware and configuration requirements.
• Common Use: Enterprise networks with varying needs.

Zarqa Gulrez(22310237)
7. Irregular Topology
• Description: No fixed structure. Nodes are connected randomly based on immediate
needs or physical limitations.
• Advantages:
o Highly flexible and adaptable.
o Can be customized for specific use cases.
• Disadvantages:
o Difficult to manage and troubleshoot.
o Lack of a defined structure can lead to inefficiencies.
• Common Use: Informal device connections in home networks.

Zarqa Gulrez(22310237)

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