LITERATURE REVIEW COMMUNITY CENTRE DESIGN

COMMUNITY: COMMUNITY CENTRE

A COMMON DEFINITION OF COMMUNITY EMERGED PUBLIC LOCATIONS WHERE MEMBERS OF THE
AS A GROUP OF PEOPLE WITH DIVERSE COMMUNITY TEND TO GATHER FOR GROUP
CHARACTERISTICS WHO ARE LINKED BY SOCIAL ACTIVITIES, SOCIAL SUPPORT, PUBLIC
TIES, SHARE COMMON PERSPECTIVES, AND ENGAGE INFORMATION AND OTHER PURPOSES.
IN JOINT ACTION • FOCAL POINT FOR ALL AGE GROUP.

COMMUNITY CENTRE CAN BE USED :

- COMMUNAL GATHERING SPACE
- COMMUNITY BASED ACTIVITIES
- EMERGENCY RELIEF SPACES
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND:
- RECREATIONAL SPACES
WESTERN

1. PRE TO 1000 BCE 2. MEDIVAL PERIOD(500-1500BCE) 3. EARLY MODERN

GREEK AGORAS AND ROMAN FORUM •CHURCHES AND GUIDHALLS PERIOD(1400-1800CE)
CIVIC BUILDING AND SQUARE

6.DIGITAL COMMUNITY CENTERS 4. INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION(18TH -19TH )

5. 20TH CENTURY TO PRESENT
. ONLINE PLATFORMS AND VIRTUAL SPACES
COMMUNITY, CULTURAL AND SENIOR •SETTLEMENTS HOUSES
CENTERS

MADAN BHANDARI MEMORIAL SCHOOL PROJECT TITLE : LITERATURE REVIEW NAME: GROUP 6 ( VI ) ROLL.NO: 03, 21, 24,35,37 SHEET NO.:
OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE SUBJECT: DESIGN STUDIO-V DATE: 2024/ 05/05 CHECKED BY: 1
 LITERATURE REVIEW COMMUNITY CENTRE DESIGN
HISTORY OF COMMUNITY CENTERS:

IN CONTEXT OF EASTERN
1.ANCIENT GATHERING 2. TRADITIONAL SOCIAL 3. MEDIVAL AND EARLY 4. COLONIAL ERA
SPACES(PRE- 1000BCE) INSTITUTIONS(1000BCE- MODERN PERIOD(500-1800CE) (1800-2000CE)
CHAUTARA,, COUTYARD, PATI, 1500CE) FACILITIES FOR TRAVELERS AND TO ADDRESS SOCIAL
SATTAL, ETC SPACE FOR SOCIALIGING AND TRADERS, OFTEN DOUBLING AS WELFARE NEEDS.
DISCUSSION SOCIAL HUBS.

COMMUNITY SCHOOLS AND

CARAVANSERAIS
CULTURALCENTERS
CHAUTARA AND PATI`
BAITHAK AND DIWAN

5. MODERN COMMUNITY
IN CONTEXT OF NEPAL CENTERS(20 TH CENTURY)
1.PRE 20TH CENTURY 2. LATE 20TH CENTURY
MODERN CULTURAL PRACTICES AND
FOR INFORMAL GATHERINGS AND COMMUNITY MEETING HUB FOR PROGRAMS, SERVICES LIKE
COMMUNITY FESTIVALS
POINTS EDUCATION, HEALTHCARE

RECREATION CENTERS,YOUTH CENTERS

COMMUNITY CENTER BY NGOS, GOVERNMENT AND SENIOR CENTERS
CHAUTARA, TEMPLE, SQUARES
4. 21ST CENTURY ONWARDS 3. EARLY 21ST CENTURY
ADDRESSING EDUCATION, HEALTHCARE, 21ST CENTURY
TO STRENGTHEN COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION, CAPACITY-BUILDING,
SKILL DEVELOPMENT, AND CULTURAL
AND PARTNERSHIP MODELS .
PRESERVATION.

MADAN BHANDARI MEMORIAL SCHOOL PROJECT TITLE : LITERATURE REVIEW NAME: GROUP 6 ( VI ) ROLL.NO: 03, 21, 24,3
24,35,37 SHEET NO.:
OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE SUBJECT: DESIGN STUDIO-V DATE: 2024/ 05/05 5,37
CHECKED BY: 2
 LITERATURE REVIEW COMMUNITY CENTRE DESIGN
MARKET: SPACE REQUIREMENT:
A MARKET IS A PUBLIC AREA, OPEN OR COVERED, • 2 TO 4 SQUARE METERS PER TRADER IN
PROVIDED WITH STALLS, WHERE TRADERS MAY SELL SMALL RETAIL MARKETS AND, A SPACE
THEIR WARES ON RECOGNISED MARKET DAYS SUBJECT AROUND 100 SQUARE METERS PER TRADER
TO PAYMENT OF A STATUTORY CHARGE FOR WHOLESALE MARKET CAN BE TAKEN.
• MARKETS MAKE UP LESS THAN 1 PER CENT OF • 3M WIDE UNLOADING PLATFORM
TOTAL RETAIL SALES • 40 FT. DISPLAY PLATFORM
• THE CHARACTER OF MARKETS RELIES ON VARIETY, • SHOP SIZE: 4.8M X 11.6M / 4.8M X 48M
MIX OF TRADERS, SIMPLICITY AND LIVELINESS. • FARMERS MARKET = 2M X 2.5M

TWO TYPES OF MARKET:

i. OPEN MARKETS
ii. MAY BE SET UP IN STREETS, SQUARES AND OPEN FIG: ROADSIDE MARKET
SPACES,

IN CASE OF NEPAL
PUBLIC MARKET REFERS TO VEGETABLE
MARKETS,
MARKETS CAN BE PERMANENT, SEMI-
ii. COVERED MARKETS PERMANENT AND MOBILE VENDOR
PERMANENT MARKET STALLS ARE SITED IN
TOWN CENTRES AND FRINGE AREAS

MADAN BHANDARI MEMORIAL SCHOOL PROJECT TITLE : LITERATURE REVIEW NAME: GROUP 6 ( VI ) ROLL.NO: 03, 21, 24,35,37 SHEET NO.:
OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE SUBJECT: DESIGN STUDIO-V DATE: 2024/ 05/05 CHECKED BY:
MART/ SMALL SHOPPING LITERATURE REVIEW COMMUNITY CENTRE DESIGN
CENTRE
✓ A SHOPPING MALL (OR SIMPLY MALL) IS A
LARGE INDOOR SHOPPING CENTER,
USUALLY ANCHORED BY DEPARTMENT
STORES
CLEAR HEIGHT
• LENGTH AND THE SIZE VARIES WITH SIZE OF
SITE AND PROPOSED AREA
• HEIGHT OF THE FLOOR PREFERABLY
APPROXIMATELY10-14 FT OR MARE THAN 12
FT
• BASEMENT 8 TO 9 FT HIGH IN CLEAR

AISLE WIDTHS
AISLE WIDTHS FOR CLERKS, MIN.= 1FT 8INCH
DESIRABLE 2FT TO 2FT 3INCH
FOR MAIN PUBLIC AISLE,MIN. = 4FT 6INCH
SANITATION INSTALLATIONS
AVERAGE 5FT 6INCH TO 7FT
RATIO OF 3:5 FOR MALE AND FEMALE
15 SQ.M AREA

MADAN BHANDARI MEMORIAL SCHOOL PROJECT TITLE : LITERATURE REVIEW NAME: GROUP 6 ( VI ) ROLL.NO: 03, 21, 24,35,37 SHEET NO.:
OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE SUBJECT: DESIGN STUDIO-V DATE: 2024/ 05/05 CHECKED BY:
 LITERATURE REVIEW COMMUNITY CENTRE DESIGN
LAYOUT AND DIMENSIONS OF MART BUS STOP
SPACING

• PUBLIC TRANSPORT STOPS WITHIN 400M WALKING

DISTANCE
BUS STOP ZONE DESIGN TYPE:

MADAN BHANDARI MEMORIAL SCHOOL PROJECT TITLE : LITERATURE REVIEW NAME: GROUP 6 ( VI ) ROLL.NO: 03, 21, 24,35,37 SHEET NO.:
OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE SUBJECT: DESIGN STUDIO-V DATE: 2024/ 05/05 CHECKED BY:
 LITERATURE REVIEW COMMUNITY CENTRE DESIGN
AUDITORIUM:
• A ROOM DESIGNED TO HOST A RANGE OF SPACE REQUIREMENT
AUDIO AND/OR VISUAL PERFORMANCES I. (0.65-0.84) SQ.M/ SEAT
AND THEIR AUDIENCES. II. MAX. 16 SEATS IF DOOR WIDTH IS 1M
• FOUND IN ENTERTAINMENT VENUES, III. 25 SEATS IF DOOR WIDTH IS 1M
SCHOOLS, COMMUNITY HALLS, ETC IV. STAGE (50-70) SQ M/ PERSON
• USED FOR REHEARSALS, PRESENTATIONS, V. REHEARSAL ROOM: (35-50) % OF STAGE AREA
PERFORMING ARTS VI. WORKSHOP (50-70) %OF STAGE
VII. CEILING HEIGHT: (6-7.5) M
VIII. DISTANCE BETWEEN STAGE AND FRONT ROW: 3.6-4.5
M
IX. CHANGING ROOM: (3.8-5) SQ M/ PERSON

SIZE OF AUDITORIUM:
AN AREA OF AT LEAST 0.5 M2 PER SEATING PLANNING
SPECTATOR IS TO BE USED FOR SITTING FORM / SHAPE:
SPECTATORS.
LENGTH OF ROWS:
A MAXIMUM OF 16 SEATS PER AISLE. 25
SEATS PER AISLE IS PERMISSIBLE IF ONE
SIDE EXIT DOOR OF 1 M WIDTH IS
PROVIDED PER 3-4 ROWS.
VISUAL LIMITATIONS
✓ DRAMA/ DANCE: 20 M
✓ FOR OPERA= 30M
✓ FOR DANCE= 20M
✓ FOR CONFERENCE = 20M
✓ THE ANGLE OF HORIZONTAL
VISION FOR STATIONARY HEAD
IS 40 DEGREES.

MADAN BHANDARI MEMORIAL SCHOOL PROJECT TITLE : LITERATURE REVIEW NAME: GROUP 6 ( VI ) ROLL.NO: 03, 21, 24,35,37 SHEET NO.:
OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE SUBJECT: DESIGN STUDIO-V DATE: 2024/ 05/05 CHECKED BY:
 LITERATURE REVIEW COMMUNITY CENTRE DESIGN
WHEELCHAIR LOCATION
MINIMUM OF SIX, OR REHEARSAL ROOMS
1/100TH OF THE AUDIENCE • ENCLOSED SPACE WITHOUT
CAPACITY, NATURAL LIGHT CLOSE TO THE
FRONT OR SIDE OF DRESSING ROOM
SEATING. • SOUND SYSTEM, LIGHTING

CHANGING ROOM
1.65 SQ. M/ PERSON
STORAGE ROOM
6-10 SQ.M

RAISED FLOOR
• FOR GOOD VISIBILITY AS ALSO FOR SOUND INSULATION
GOOD LISTENING CONDITIONS, THE • USE OF ACOUSTIC PANEL FOR SOUND
SUCCESSIVE ROWS OF SEATS HAVE PROOFING OF AUDITORIUM.
TO BE RAISED. • ACOUSTIC PANELS OFFER GREAT
• CONCENTRIC SEATING IS FOUND RESULTS BY OBSERVING THE
TO BE MORE EFFICIENT THAN REFLECTION AND ECHOES WITHIN
STRAIGHT LINEAR SEATING. THE AUDITORIUM.
• MULTIPLE AISLE SYSTEM OF
SEATING IS FOUND TO BE MORE
EFFICIENT.

▪ LIGHTING
• TO CONCENTRATE ATTENTION
UPON THE STAGE. FIRE PROTECTION
• COLOR OF LIGHT SHOULD BE • SPRINKERS: UNDER ROOF
NEUTRAL. • USE OF FIRE CURTAIN
• SHOULD STRIKE ACTOR FACE
AT ABOUT 45 DEGREE AT
HORIZONTAL.

MADAN BHANDARI MEMORIAL SCHOOL PROJECT TITLE : LITERATURE REVIEW NAME: GROUP 6 ( VI ) ROLL.NO: 03, 21, 24,35,37 SHEET NO.:
OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE SUBJECT: DESIGN STUDIO-V DATE: 2024/ 05/05 CHECKED BY:
 LITERATURE REVIEW COMMUNITY CENTRE DESIGN
ADMINISTRATIVE BUILDING
•THIS BUILDING INCORPORATES A ➢WAITING ROOM
NUMBER OF SPACE TYPES TO MEET • 35-40 SQM
THE NEEDS OF STAFF AND VISITORS
CIRCULATION
• WIDTHS FOR HORIZONTAL
CIRCULATION PRESUMING A DENSITY
OF 1 PERSON/7M2 OF NIA:
• PRIMARY CIRCULATION 1.5-2.0 M2+
• SECONDARY CIRCULATION 0.9-
1.5M2+ ➢ RECEPTION :
• TERTIARY CIRCULATION 0.55-0.75 VISITORS CAN EASILY ACCESS THIS PLACE
M2+
• LIFT LOBBIES 3.0M2+

➢ACCOUNT SECTION PRIVATE MEETING AREA

• 35-40 SQ M
• 8-13 SQ M PER PERSON

FIG:WORKING SPACE DIMMENSIONS

MADAN BHANDARI MEMORIAL SCHOOL PROJECT TITLE : LITERATURE REVIEW NAME: GROUP 6 ( VI ) ROLL.NO: 03, 21, 24,35,37 SHEET NO.:
OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE SUBJECT: DESIGN STUDIO-V DATE: 2024/ 05/05 CHECKED BY:
 LITERATURE REVIEW COMMUNITY CENTRE DESIGN
STANDARD DIMENSION:
DIFFERENTLY ABLE PEOPLE: CURB RAMPS/PATHWAYS
• MAXIMUM SLOPE OF 6% (1:12) CORRIDOR:
• USE OF DIFFERENT TEXTURES AND MATERIALS TO
GUIDE
• MOVEMENT AREA OF MIN 1.5M WIDTH AND 1.5M
DEPTH.
• CARS OF LIFTS MUST HAVE A MIN. CLEAR WIDTH
OF 1.10 M AND A CLEAR DEPTH OF 1.40 M.
• IF RAMPS ARE LONGER THAN 6 M, AN
• INTERMEDIATE LANDING OF MIN. 1.50 M

RESTROOM

STAIRS

DOORS

PLATFORM LIFTS

MADAN BHANDARI MEMORIAL SCHOOL PROJECT TITLE : LITERATURE REVIEW NAME: GROUP 6 ( VI ) ROLL.NO: 03, 21, 24,35,37 SHEET NO.:
OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE SUBJECT: DESIGN STUDIO-V DATE: 2024/ 05/05 CHECKED BY:
 ENTRANCE LITERATURE REVIEW COMMUNITY CENTRE DESIGN
• THE SURFACE OF THE LANDING PARKING
SHOULD HAVE A SLOPE OF 2% FOR
• ACCESSIBLE PARKING PROVISIONS APPLY TO BOTH
DRAINAGE FINISH MATERIAL
OUTDOOR AND UNDERGROUND FACILITIES.
SHOULD BE NON-SLIPPERY.
• FOR PARKING FACILITIES OF LESS THAN 50 CAR
• THE COLOUR OF THE ENTRANCE
• PROVIDED PLUS 1 SPACE FOR EACH ADDITIONAL
DOOR SHOULD CONTRAST WITH
INCREMENT OF 100 CARS OVER 400.
THE SURROUNDING SURFACE SO AS
• FOR OUTDOOR PARKING, LOCATED NOT MORE THAN 50 M
TO BE DISTINGUISHABLE BY
FROM ACCESSIBLE BUILDING ENTRANCES.
PEOPLE WITH SIGHT PROBLEMS
• IF NO CURB EXISTS, A TEXTURED SURFACE AT LEAST 0.90
M WIDE IS NEEDED TO SEPARATE THE PATHWAY FROM
THE VEHICULAR AREA
• SLOPE OF RAMP SHOULD NOT EXCEED 1:20.
CURB RAMPS

• THE MINIMUM WIDTH OF A CURB

RAMP SHOULD BE 0.90 M,
EXCLUDING THE SLOPING SIDES.
THE RECOMMENDED WIDTH IS 1.20
M
• MAXIMUM SLOPE OF FLARES AND
A CURB RAMP SHOULD BE 1:12
• CURB RAMPS, INCLUDING FLARES,
SHOULD HAVE A ROUGH TEXTURE
OR GROUND PATTERN
PEDESTRIAN CROSSINGS

SIGNAGE
• SIGNAGE INCLUDE DIRECTION SIGNS, SIGNS
OF LOCALITY, STREET NAMES AND
NUMBERING, INFORMATION SIGNS, ETC.
• ALL TYPES OF SIGNS SHOULD BE VISIBLE,
CLEAR, SIMPLE, EASY TO READ AND
UNDERSTAND, AND PROPERLY LIT AT NIGHT.

MADAN BHANDARI MEMORIAL SCHOOL PROJECT TITLE : LITERATURE REVIEW NAME: GROUP 6 ( VI ) ROLL.NO: 03, 21, 24,35,37 SHEET NO.:
OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE SUBJECT: DESIGN STUDIO-V DATE: 2024/ 05/05 CHECKED BY:
 LITERATURE REVIEW COMMUNITY CENTRE DESIGN

WATER BODIES IN LANDSCAPE :

ROOF GARDENING

DIFFERENCE IN TEMPERTAURE
CRITERIA'S FOR ROOF
GARDENING
• THE SLOPE OF DOUBLE PITCH
ROOF SHOULD NOT BE GREATER
THAN 25%
• FLAT ROOFS SHOULD HAVE
MINIMUM SLOPE 2-3%

MADAN BHANDARI MEMORIAL SCHOOL PROJECT TITLE : LITERATURE REVIEW NAME: GROUP 6 ( VI ) ROLL.NO: 03, 21, 24,35,37 SHEET NO.:
OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE SUBJECT: DESIGN STUDIO-V DATE: 2024/ 05/05 CHECKED BY:
 LITERATURE REVIEW COMMUNITY CENTRE DESIGN
CRIME PREVENTION THROUGH ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN (CPTED)
•DEFINE PROPERTY LINES WITH
LANDSCAPING, ALLOW VISIBILITY-.
•DOORKNOBS SHOULD BE 40 IN. FROM
WINDOW PANES.
•CLEARLY IDENTIFY ALL BUILDINGS AND
RESIDENTIAL UNITS WITH WELL-LIT
ADDRESS NUMBERS A MINIMUM OF 5 IN.
HIGH.

•ENTRYWAYS OR VESTIBULES CREATE A

TRANSITIONAL AREA
•DEFINE PROPERTY LINES AND PRIVATE AREAS
WITH PLANTINGS, PAVEMENT TREATMENTS, OR
FENCES.
•STREET ADDRESS SHOULD BE CLEARLY
VISIBLE FROM THE STREET, MINIMUM OF 5 IN.
HIGH

Fencing design that promotes natural surveillance – City of Penrith

CLEAR LINE OF SIGHT FROM THE PORCH AND ON TO THE

GOOD STREET-TO-PLAZA VISIBILITY SHOULD ANNOUNCE THE PLAZA'S STREET. AREA IS ILLUMINATED WITH PROPER HEIGHTS AND
INTERNAL ATTRACTIONS NO OBSTRUCTIONS.

mage from CPTED site survey conducted by the Seattle Police

Department – courtesy city of Seattle
DOUBLE-GLAZING AT THE FRONT OF THE APPROPRIATE LIGHTING OF A FOOTPATH AND STREET
PROPERTY TO ALLOW SURVEILLANCE
TRANSPARENT ELEVATORS SEATING IN ACTIVE AREAS

MADAN BHANDARI MEMORIAL SCHOOL PROJECT TITLE : LITERATURE REVIEW NAME: GROUP 6 ( VI ) ROLL.NO: 03, 21, 24,35,37 SHEET NO.:
OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE SUBJECT: DESIGN STUDIO-V DATE: 2024/ 05/05 CHECKED BY:
 LITERATURE REVIEW COMMUNITY CENTRE DESIGN
FIRE SAFETY AND EVACUATION
FIRE LIFT
ESCAPE LIGHT FIRE EXIT

FIRE DOOR EXTERNAL STAIRCASE

MADAN BHANDARI MEMORIAL SCHOOL PROJECT TITLE : LITERATURE REVIEW NAME: GROUP 6 ( VI ) ROLL.NO: 03, 21, 24,35,37 SHEET NO.:
OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE SUBJECT: DESIGN STUDIO-V DATE: 2024/ 05/05 CHECKED BY:
 LITERATURE REVIEW COMMUNITY CENTRE DESIGN
INDOOR GAMES VOLLEYBALL TABLE TENNIS
❖ BADMINTON SIZE : 18M *9M TABLE TENNIS
• RECOMMENDED AREA IS 1620 SQ FT ADDITIONAL ZONES SIZE : 2.74 M * 1.525 M
✓ SINGLE COURT=17’X44’ SIDES : 5M ADDITIONAL ZONES
✓DOUBLE COURT=20’X44’ ENDS : 8M SIDES : 5.63M
▪ POSTS ARE 1.55M IN HEIGHT ENDS : 2.74M
▪ 9.14M FOR CLUB STANDARD

BASKETBALL
• DIMENSIONS ARE 94 FEET LONG AND
50 FEET WIDE
• PLAYING AREA=4520.4 FT. SQ
• PLAYING AREA INCLUDING RUN OFFS FUTSAL
AND SIDELINES = 7290 FT SQ SIZES : 30-50M *15-25M
ADDITIONAL ZONES
SIDES : 0.5M
ENDS : 8M

MADAN BHANDARI MEMORIAL SCHOOL PROJECT TITLE : LITERATURE REVIEW NAME: GROUP 6 ( VI ) ROLL.NO: 03, 21, 24,35,37 SHEET NO.:
OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE SUBJECT: DESIGN STUDIO-V DATE: 2024/ 05/05 CHECKED BY:
 LITERATURE REVIEW COMMUNITY CENTRE DESIGN
DANCE ROOM
• 3 METERS2 FOR EACH CHILD GYM ROOM
• 5 SQUARE METERS FOR EACH YOUNG ▪ BIG HALL WITH MECHANICAL EXERCISING YOGA/ MEDIDATION HALL
• CEILING HEIGHT OF 3.5 METERS. MACHINES.
• AREA SHOULD BE 100 SQ. FT PER STUDENT. ▪ FLOOR>ABSORBENT MATERIAL>REDUCE
• FLOOR AREA SHOULD BE OF 4800 - 5000 SQ. FT. MACHINE NOISE.
▪ WALL>GLASS PANEL>REDUCE MACHINE
NOISE.
▪ PROPER VENTILATION.
▪MIGHT BE 3,000 AND 10,000 SQUARE FEET,
DEPENDING ON THE TYPE AND SCALE OF THE
FACILITY.

SPACE REQUIREMENT FOR MEDITATION /

MUSIC ROOM YOGA HALL
• PER PERSON AREA 2.5 SQ M •IT IS GENERALLY A FREE PLAN, FLEXIBLE
• WIDTH OF THE ROOM AT LEAST 22FT. AND ADAPTABLE TO DIFFERENT USES.
• PER STUDENT AREA REQUIRED IS 20 – 24 SQ.FT •THE STANDARD MEASURES OF A YOGA MAT,
• THE FLOOR AREA SHOULD BE AROUND 1600 AN AREA OF APPROXIMATELY 1.70 X 60
SQ.FT. METERS
• THE HEIGHT OF ROOM SHOULD BE AROUND •AT LEAST 50 CM BETWEEN THE MATS, TO
12 FT. ALLOW THE FREE MOVEMENT OF USERS
• THE DIMENSION OF THE CHAIR SHOULD BE DURING THE EXERCISES.
OF LENGTH 1.5 FT AND BREADTH SHOULD BE
1.7 FT AND HEIGHT SHOULD BE OF 2.7 FT.

MADAN BHANDARI MEMORIAL SCHOOL PROJECT TITLE : LITERATURE REVIEW NAME: GROUP 6 ( VI ) ROLL.NO: 03, 21, 24,35,37 SHEET NO.:
OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE SUBJECT: DESIGN STUDIO-V DATE: 2024/ 05/05 CHECKED BY:
FOUNDATION LITERATURE REVIEW COMMUNITY CENTRE DESIGN
SHALLOW FOUNDATIONS
COMBINE COLUMN FOOTING RAFT/MAT FOOTING
-TYPICALLY THE MOST ECONOMICAL
FOUNDATIONS TO CONSTRUCT.
- PAD FOUNDATION WIDELY USED
- MAT OR RAFT FOUNDATION USED
IN COMMERCIAL BUILDING
- COMBINE FOUNDATION USED
DISTANCE BETWEEN TWO
COLUMNS IS SMALL, AND
BEARING CAPACITY OF SOIL IS
LOWER

PAD/ ISOLATED FOOTING

STRAP FOOTING

RECTANGULAR PAD/
ISOLATED FOOTING

MADAN BHANDARI MEMORIAL SCHOOL PROJECT TITLE : LITERATURE REVIEW NAME: GROUP 6 ( VI ) ROLL.NO: 03, 21, 24,35,37 SHEET NO.:
OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE SUBJECT: DESIGN STUDIO-V DATE: 2024/ 05/05 CHECKED BY:
 LITERATURE REVIEW COMMUNITY CENTRE DESIGN
CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY:
SOLID WALLS( WITHOUT CAVITY) RAMMED EARTH
WALLS:
• A FAST EFFICIENT METHOD OF
VERTICAL STRUCTURE THAT ENCLOSES AND DIVIDES AN •MAINTAINS COMPFORTABLE
BUILDING EXTERNAL WALLS.
AREA. INDOOR TEMPREATURE.
• THEY HAVE HIGH U VALUES ( THERMAL
LOAD BEARING AND NON LOAD BEARING WALL •PREPARED BY SUITABLE SOIL
INSULATION) TO RETAIN HEAT.
•LOAD BEARING WALL TRANSMIT LOAD TO THE MIXED.
FOUNDATION BUT OTHER DOESNOT.
•MADE OF CONCRETE, BRICK OR STEEL

CAVITY WALLS
• CONSIST OF AN INNER AND OUTER WALL
DIVIDED BY VOID – CALLED CAVITY.
MASONARY WALLS • USUALLY CONSTRUCTED EITHER BRICKS OK
•PROTECTS FROM WEATHER AND FIRE. BAMBOO/ TIMBER WALL
BLOCKS WITH RENDER APPLIED
•BRICKS,STONES OR BLOCKS ARE BI\NDED BY MORTAR. • GAP BETWEEN TWO WALL FOR INSULATION

RETAINING WALL
•SUPPORT SOIL ON ONE SIDE.
•PREVENT EROSION.
•CREATE LEVEL GROUND IN
SLOPPING TERRIAN

MADAN BHANDARI MEMORIAL SCHOOL PROJECT TITLE : LITERATURE REVIEW NAME: GROUP 6 ( VI ) ROLL.NO: 03, 21, 24,35,37 SHEET NO.:
OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE SUBJECT: DESIGN STUDIO-V DATE: 2024/ 05/05 CHECKED BY:
 LITERATURE REVIEW COMMUNITY CENTRE DESIGN
CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY:
STEEL SLAB: WOODEN SLAB :
FLOOR/SLAB: SLABS WERE 150 MM THICK, 600
MM WIDE AND 3.5 M LONG
CONSISTING OF A SPAN OF 1.5 M
BETWEEN THE SUPPORTS PLUS A
1000-MM OVERHANG FROM EACH
SUPPORT.

WAFFLE SLAB:

RCC SLAB:

MADAN BHANDARI MEMORIAL SCHOOL PROJECT TITLE : LITERATURE REVIEW NAME: GROUP 6 ( VI ) ROLL.NO: 03, 21, 24,35,37 SHEET NO.:
OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE SUBJECT: DESIGN STUDIO-V DATE: 2024/ 05/05 CHECKED BY:
 LITERATURE REVIEW COMMUNITY CENTRE DESIGN
CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY:
ROOF
TYPES OF ROOF: THATCH ROOF
1. GABLE ROOF 4.FLAT ROOF WITH PARAPET

2.SHED ROOF SLATE ROOF

3. BUTTERFLY ROOF
CGI ROOF
TIMBER ROOF

MADAN BHANDARI MEMORIAL SCHOOL PROJECT TITLE : LITERATURE REVIEW NAME: GROUP 6 ( VI ) ROLL.NO: 03, 21, 24,35,37 SHEET NO.:
OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE SUBJECT: DESIGN STUDIO-V DATE: 2024/ 05/05 CHECKED BY:
 LITERATURE REVIEW COMMUNITY CENTRE DESIGN
SITE SELECTION CRITERIA AND BYELAWS
❑ LOCATION
• NEAR TO THE COMMUNITY
• ACCESS OF PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION WITH
SECURITY.
• FREE FROM DISTURBANCE SUCH AS NOISE,
POLLUTION, CRIME AREA, ETC.
❑ LAND TOPOGRAPHY
• ACCESSIBLE TO UTILITIES E.G.
ELECTRICITY, SEWER, WATER, GAS, PHONE,
ETC.
• GENTLY SLOPING WITH AN ELEVATION AND
CONTOUR ENSURING GOOD DRAINAGE
SYSTEM.
• SAFE FROM LANDSLIDE
❑ BUILDING STRUCTURE
❑ COSTS AND RENOVATIONS
❑ LEGAL AND TIMING ISSUES

→ IF BUILDING LENGTH IS
MORE THAN 45M (IS 456)
EXPANSION SHOULD BE
PROVIDED.

MADAN BHANDARI MEMORIAL SCHOOL PROJECT TITLE : LITERATURE REVIEW NAME: GROUP 6 ( VI ) ROLL.NO: 03, 21, 24,35,37 SHEET NO.:
OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE SUBJECT: DESIGN STUDIO-V DATE: 2024/ 05/05 CHECKED BY:
 PLANNING AND DESIGN GUIDELINE LITERATURE REVIEW COMMUNITY CENTRE DESIGN
S.No Types of Infrastructure Norms Standards Space B Social Infrastructure C Economic Infrastructure
Requirement
A Physical Infrastructure 7. Educational Primary 1 per 3000 population at a 0.2 ha per
1. Road Expressway, Arterial, Sub arterial, ROW Setback Footpath Cycle 20% of the total Institution Higher Secondary distance of 0.4–0.8 km site
Collector street and Local Street Track built up area Graduate/ Post 1 per 7500 population at a 0.65 ha 17. Hall City hall 1 per 10000 0.2 ha
Graduate University distance of 30min in public per site (Multipurpose) population per site
All or 90% of household are within Expressway
1km from motorable road transportation
Arterial 30 1 2 2
1 per 25,000 population at a
Sub 22 1 2 1.5
distance of 45min in public
Arterial
transportation
Collector 14 1 2 1.5
1 per 40,000 population at a
Local 10 1 2 -
distance of 1hr in public 18. Sport complex City level (football 1 per 50000 1 ha – 3
2. Water Supply System 80% household have metered Quantity: 80-100 lpcd
transportation ground, volley ball, population ha per
house connection and distribution Minimum diameter of distribution pipe:
6
80mm 10 X 10 l = 10 MLD (capacity) swimming pool etc) 1 per 1,00,000 site
Treatment Plant (lab, dosing and Storage Capacity: 25% of the total 2 ha per site District Sports population 3ha–
guardhouse) with storage facility: treatment capacity (treatment plant Centre 19ha per
8. Health Primary Health Care 1 per 20000 population (5- 0.25 ha site
Reservoir (24hrs requirement) and storage)
Institution Center District 15 beds) per site
Provision of Rain Water Harvesting
Hospital 1 per 50000 population (25 – 1.3 ha per
in Public Buildings (Catchment 19. Movie Hall City and local level 5 seats per 1000
50 beds) site
area, population
Storage and Treatment Facility)
9. Open Space: 5% of total city area 1 @ 800 population 0.4 ha per
3. Sanitation / Sewerage Public sewer system (septic tanks) Min diameter of trunk line: 200mm 0.01ha – 0.02ha
Parks Neighborhood Park 1 @ 10000 population site
system Sewage Pumping Station 0.2 hectare/MLD – 0.75 Hectare/MLD per site
Parade Ground (with play 1 @ 20000 population 1 @ 1 ha per
Storm Water Drainage Treatment plant 5 ha – 7 ha per
(Tundikhel) equipment) each city site
system site
Local Park 2 ha per
Provision of public latrines 1/2000 passerby at a distance of 500m
Community Park site 20. Vegetable Neighborhood Level 1 wholesale, 1 retail 0.5 ha
Parade Ground Market and 1 Slaughter per site
House for
2 neighborhood
4. Integrated Solid Waste Collection Point (0.3 Separation of waste at household level 0.15 ha – 0.2 ha 10. Library Community level 1 per 10000 population 0.5 ha per (1 Neighborhood =
Management System kg/person/day) Total waste = Community collection/ Door to Door per site (waste Central Level 1 site 3000 population)
Around 33 tons/day collection. only gets
Transfer Station 1 collection point/container/ roadside collected and
Sanitary Landfill Site pickup point serves a radius of 200m transferred) 11. Fire Stations City level service 1 fire station for 5 to 7 km 1 ha per
1 Transfer Station for 1 city if the final 1 ha per site (if radius site
disposal is at distance of more than 10 km there are 12. Religious Incineration 1 0.5 ha per
Only 30% of the total waste generated recycling Institutions /Cremation areas site 21. Parking Space Parking (Two/ three/ 1 parking lot for 3000 0.04 ha
should go to landfill site. 70% = reduce, platform, Cemetery/ Burial four wheeler) Taxi population per site
reuse, recycle Sanitary Landfill Site: compost plant Ground park (1 Neighborhood =
Medium (> 25 and < 500 tons per day) and window 3000 population)
composting etc)
13. Museum/Art City Level 1/1 0.5 ha per
3 ha – 5 ha
Gallery site 22. Transportation Intra City Bus 1 parking lot for 100 4 ha per
(without buffer
system Terminal (Linking buses and 100 trucks site
zone) 14. Old age home, City and community 1 per 20,000 population 0.3 ha per with other cities) 1 parking lot for 100 2 ha per
A buffer of at orphanage, level site Inter City Bus buses site
least center for Terminal (within the
100m needs to differently able city)
be provided people
5. Electricity Supply National grid supply line and Power access to 100% coverage. Electric 0.55 ha per site
System Alternative energy (panels, battery sub station 66/33 KV Transmission Tower 80 - 100 sq. m
15. Security Police Post Police 1 per 10,000 population 0.1 ha per23. Airport National Airport National Airport 134-227
400 AH) Distribution Tower 20 - 25 sq. m
Station 1 per 40,000 population site hectares
150 – 200 Watt Solar Home System
0.5 ha per
6. Tele-communication Landline/mobile 100 % coverage 0.02 ha per site site
Public telephone booth (TB) Telephone Exchange Office (1 Exchange ROW: 5m
with a capacity of 6500 line capacity) Standard booth 16. Exhibition City level 1 per 50,000 population 4 ha per
Telephone transmission tower Centers site
1 TB per 5000 population

MADAN BHANDARI MEMORIAL SCHOOL PROJECT TITLE : LITERATURE REVIEW NAME: GROUP 6 ( VI ) ROLL.NO: 03, 21, 24,35,37 SHEET NO.:
OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE SUBJECT: DESIGN STUDIO-V DATE: 2024/ 05/05 CHECKED BY:
 LITERATURE REVIEW COMMUNITY CENTRE DESIGN
STRUCTURE DESIGN
1. FRAMED STRUCTURES
4. STEEL STRUCTURE
• COMMON TYPE OF CONSTRUCTION USED IN
METAL STRUCTURE WHICH IS MADE OF
BUILDINGS
STRUCTURAL STEEL COMPONENTS CONNECTED TO
• OFFER HIGH STRENGTH AND DURABILITY.
EACH OTHER TO CARRY LOADS AND PROVIDE
• VERSATILITY IN ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN. RIGIDITY.
• ALSO ARE KNOWN FOR THEIR SEISMIC RESISTANCE
• MAIN COMPONENTS INCLUDE
• COLUMNS,
• BEAMS,
• SLABS, AND
• FOOTINGS.
• SLAB TRANSFERS TO BEAM , BEAM TO COLUMN ,
3. CORE STRUCTURES
COLUMN TO FOUNDATION AND FOUNDATION
TRANSFERS THE LOAD TO THE GROUND. 5. PORTAL FRAME
. • TWO DIMENSIONAL RIGID FRAMES , BASIC
CHARACTERISTICS OF A RIGID JOINT
BETWEEN COLUMN AND BEAM.
• THE MOST COMMON FORM OF ENCLOSURE
• CORE IS USUALLY A SQUARE OR FOR SPANS OF 20 TO 60 M.
RECTANGULAR REINFORCED • USUALLY MADE FROM STEEL BUT CAN ALSO
CONCRETE TUBE BE MADE FROM CONCRETE OR TIMBER
• PROVIDES EXCELLENT
2. LOAD BEARING STRUCTURE STRUCTURAL INTEGRITY,
• ROBUST DESIGN ALLOWING IT TO
• LOADS ARE TRANSFERRED TO THE WITHSTAND EXTERNAL FORCES,
FOUNDATION THROUGH WALLS. SUCH AS WIND AND
• WALLS ARE THICKER AND HENCE FLOOR EARTHQUAKES, ENSURING THE
AREA IS REDUCED. SAFETY OF THE OCCUPANTS.
• WALLS ARE USUALLY CONSISTING OF BRICKS,
CEMENT OR STONE.
• THIS STRUCTURE DOES NOT FAVOR TOO
MANY OPENINGS FOR WINDOWS,
VENTILATION, DOORS IN GROUND FLOORS.
• WALL SHOULD HAVE MINIMUM THICKNESS OF
200MM.

MADAN BHANDARI MEMORIAL SCHOOL PROJECT TITLE : LITERATURE REVIEW NAME: GROUP 6 ( VI ) ROLL.NO: 03, 21, 24,35,37 SHEET NO.:
OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE SUBJECT: DESIGN STUDIO-V DATE: 2024/ 05/05 CHECKED BY:
 LITERATURE REVIEW COMMUNITY CENTRE DESIGN
BUILDING SCIENCE ASPECTS ➢BUOYANCY-DRIVEN VENTILATION
➢ORIENTATION
• NORTH-FACING ROOMS ARE PREFERRED
TO RECEIVE SUNLIGHT FOR LONGER
PERIODS IN WINTER AND BE SHADED BY
ROOF EAVES IN SUMMER

➢EARTH AIR TUNNEL ➢ PASSIVE COOLING

▪ REDUCING HEAT GAIN

➢VENTILATION ▪ INCREASING ACCESS TO
COOLING SOURCES

➢TROMBE WALLS

• USED TO GENERATE COOL AIR IN THE •COLLECTS HEAT IN WINTER

SUMMER AND HOT AIR IN THE WINTER. AND CAN DUMP HEAT IN
SUMMER.
• CAN ACT AS AN ADDITIONAL
PASSIVE HEATING :
TEMPERATURE REGULATOR.
WIND DRIVEN VENTILATION
WINDCATHER :

• LETTING THE SUN ON BUILDING

• STORING THE SUN’S HEAT INSIDE
MADAN BHANDARI MEMORIAL SCHOOL PROJECT TITLE : LITERATURE REVIEW NAME: GROUP 6 ( VI ) ROLL.NO: 03, 21, 24,35,37 SHEET NO.:
OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE SUBJECT: DESIGN STUDIO-V DATE: 2024/ 05/05 CHECKED BY:
 LITERATURE REVIEW COMMUNITY CENTRE DESIGN
NATURAL LIGHT/CROSS VENTILLATIO
NATURAL LIGHT/CROSS VENTILLATION

❑ STAGGERED LAYOUT-
ACCENTUATING WIND
MOVEMENT

• BUILDING ORIENTATION SHOULD

BE CHOSEN TO ACCOMMODATE
MAXIMUM NATURAL VENTILATION,
MAINTAIN THERMAL COMFORT
AND PROVIDE SPACES WITH
PREFERABLE AND STIMULATE
VIEWS

❑ PLACE BUILDING AT A 30 OR
45 DEGREE-ENHANCED
VENTILATION-STAGGERED
FORM

❑ ORIENT LONGER FACADES ALONG THE NORTH, WILL PROVIDE GLARE FREE
LIGHT IN SUMMER FROM NORTH WITHOUT SHADING AND WINTER SUN
PENETRATION FROM THE SOUTH.
MADAN BHANDARI MEMORIAL SCHOOL PROJECT TITLE : LITERATURE REVIEW NAME: GROUP 6 ( VI ) ROLL.NO: 03, 21, 24,35,37 SHEET NO.:
OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE SUBJECT: DESIGN STUDIO-V DATE: 2024/ 05/05 CHECKED BY:
 BANQUET : LITERATURE REVIEW COMMUNITY CENTRE DESIGN
➢ Banquet Table Sizes & Table Capacity LAYOUT :
Banquet Setup Diagrams and Illustrations
•ROUND •SQUARE
➢Classic Banquet Style Placement
•30" ROUND SEAT 2-3 •24" SQUARE: 2 PEOPLE
• CONSIST OF LONG
PEOPLE •30" SQUARE: 4 PEOPLE ROWS OF RECTANGLE
•36" ROUND SEAT 4 •32" SQUARE: 4 PEOPLE BANQUET TABLES
PEOPLE •36" SQUARE: 4 PEOPLE WITH SEATS ON BOTH
•42" ROUND SEAT 5 •42" SQUARE: 8 PEOPLE SIDES.
PEOPLE •60" SQUARE: 8-12
•48" ROUND SEAT 6 ➢Conference Style ➢U Shaped Setup
PEOPLE (12 IS A "LITTLE"
PEOPLE TIGHT) •DIMENSIONS OF 27
•54" ROUND SEAT 7-8 PERSON SETUP
PEOPLE •RECTANGULAR •SIDE :222 INCHES
•60" ROUND SEAT 8 •BOTTOM:192 INCHES
PEOPLE •18 X 60 SEMINAR SEAT •INNER U WIDTH:132 MEETING/ CONFERENCE HALL
•66" ROUND SEAT 9-10 2 (1 SIDED) •For 22 People INCHES • AREA
PEOPLE •18 X 72 SEMINAR SEAT REQUIREMENT:
•72" ROUND SEAT 10 3 (1 SIDED) ➢V Shaped Setup ➢Banquet Round Style 2.5 M2 PER SEAT
PEOPLE •18 X 96 SEMINAR SEAT • SPACE
• MUCH LIKE
4 (1 SIDED) CLASSROOM REQUIREMENT:
•30 X 48 INCH STYLE, EXCEPT 0.3-1.0 M2 PER
STANDARD BANQUET RECTANGLES SEAT 4 WORKSTATION
FOR THE TABLES
TABLE HEIGHT PEOPLE ARE TILTED FIG: ANGLE OF VISION FROM 1ST FIG: PODIUM MAX HEIGHT
STANDARD TABLE •30 X 72 INCH ROW OF SEATER
TOWARD THE
HEIGHT IS 29"-30". RECTANGLES SEAT 6 SPEAKER.
ALL OF OUR FOLDING PEOPLE
TABLES ARE 29" OR •30 X 96 INCH
30" IN HEIGHT RECTANGLES SEAT 8
➢BANQUETT SEATING : PEOPLE
FIG: PODIUM WIDTH

MADAN BHANDARI MEMORIAL SCHOOL PROJECT TITLE : LITERATURE REVIEW NAME: GROUP 6 ( VI ) ROLL.NO: 03, 21, 24,36,37 SHEET NO.:
OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE SUBJECT: DESIGN STUDIO-V DATE: 2024/ 05/05 CHECKED BY:
 LITERATURE REVIEW COMMUNITY CENTRE DESIGN
PARKING
➢ PARKING SPACES :
• TEMPORARILY PLACING A VEHICLE IN A
➢ PERPENDICULAR PARKING
DESIGNATED AREA OR SPACE, TYPICALLY
FOR A SPECIFIC PERIOD

➢MAXIMUM TURNING RADIUS FOR A

STANDARD CAR

▪PARALLEL PARKING ➢ CYCLE PARKING ➢BIKE PARKING ➢BUS PARKING

oPARKED ALONG THE
LENGTH OF ROAD • OUTER RADIUS: 40 FT. -
oMOST SAFEST PARKING 40’10”
➢DIFFERENT OUTDOOR PARKING FROM THE ACCIDENT
PATTERNS : • INNER RADIUS: 19’4”
1. ANGULAR PARKING PERSPECTIVE .
• VEHICLE WHEELBASE:
2. PERPENDICULAR PARKING 40’
3. PARALLEL PARKING • VEHICLE LENGTH: 45’6”
• VEHICLE WIDTH: 8’
ANGULAR PARKING
• VEHICLES CAN BE EASILY
REVERSED ➢BASEMENT PARKING
oPROVIDES AN EFFICIENT
PARKING SYSTEM IN CASE OF
VEHICULAR CIRCULATION .

➢ BASIC REQUIREMENTS

• MINIMUM HEIGHT SHALL BE 2.4M

• WALLS AND FLOORS OF THE BASEMENT SHALL BE
WATERTIGHT FIG. TURNING RADIUS
• SIGNAGE 5 FEET ABOVE GROUND LEVEL FOR DIRECTION

MADAN BHANDARI MEMORIAL SCHOOL PROJECT TITLE : LITERATURE REVIEW NAME: GROUP 6 ( VI ) ROLL.NO: 03, 21, 24,35,37 SHEET NO.:
OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE SUBJECT: DESIGN STUDIO-V DATE: 2024/ 05/05 CHECKED BY:
 LITERATURE REVIEW COMMUNITY CENTRE DESIGN
WORKSHOP
ACTIVITY AREA PER
PLACE IN
➢BAMBOO-WORKING
SQ.M
ART 4.7 • PROMOTE COMMUNITY
WORKING ENGAGEMENT AND SOCIAL
METAL 5.3 COHESION.
WORKING • CREATE ECONOMIC
1.NATURAL DAYLIGHT, HIGH LEVEL WINDOWS ELECTRONIC 3.3 OPPORTUNITIES,GENERATE
(25-30%)OF FLOOR AREA. S INCOME THROUGH SALE OF
2.ROOF LIGHTING PREFFERED, DAYLIGHT SPINNING BAMBOO PRODUCT
7.2
CONTROL. AND
BUFFER ADDING WALLS/VEGETATION WEAVING
3.SHOULD BE THERMALLY, MENTALLY, OPEN AIR THEATRE ( OAT )
PHYSICALLY COMFORTABLE SPECIFICATION ON OPEN AIR THEATRE (OAT).
4.METAL WORKSHOP
5.WOOD WORKSHOP • STAGE IS RAISED AT 75CM ABOVE THE GROUND FLOOR LEVEL.
6.TERRACOTTA WORKSHOP • LOWER SEAT RISE 30CM AND TREAD 100CM.
• HIGHER SEAT RISE OF 45CM.
➢POTTERY WORKING: • SLOPE OF SEATING SHOULD NOT BE LESS THAN 12 DEGREES, FOR BETTER
AUDIBILITY AND VISIBILITY·
DESIGN CONSIDERATION:
• NOISE LEVEL SHOULD NOT EXCEED 40 DECIBEL
• WORK ZONES
• · ANGLE OF VIEW=>20 DEGREES
• POTTERY WHEEL AND EQUIPMENT
• KILN AND VENTILATION
• WORK SURFACE AND TABLE
• LIGHTING AND ELECTRICAL OUTLET

➢WOOD-WORKING:

• USUALLY BUILT IN 1 STOREY.

• NATURAL LIGHTNING FROM
ABOVE IUS POSSIIBLE
• SPACE REQUIREMENT: 70-80 M2
PER EMPLOYEE (AVERAGE)

MADAN BHANDARI MEMORIAL SCHOOL PROJECT TITLE : LITERATURE REVIEW NAME: GROUP 6 ( VI ) ROLL.NO: 03, 21, 24,35,37 SHEET NO.:
OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE SUBJECT: DESIGN STUDIO-V DATE: 2024/ 05/05 CHECKED BY:
 LITERATURE REVIEW COMMUNITY CENTRE DESIGN
PUBLIC TOILET
➢SWIMMING POOL:
POOL LAYOUTS HAVE TYPICAL LENGTHS
BETWEEN 34'-44'6” (10.4-13.6 M), WIDTHS
OF 25'-33' (7.6-10 M), AND OVERALL AREAS
IN THE RANGE OF 577-994 FT2 (54-92 M2)

➢BATH HOUSE :

AREA OF BATHHOUSE IS USUALLY 1/3 OF POOL AREA ; AREA OF DRESSING

ROOM APPROXIMATES 1/5 POOL AREA.

3. FOR ROUGH ESTIMATE OF MAXIMUM NUMBER OF PERSONS WITHIN A

POOL ENCLOSURE(POOL AND WALKS) ASSUME ONE PERSON FOR EVERY 12
SQ . FT . OF POOL AREA . HENCE FOR A POOL 30 X 75 FT., ASSUME 190
PERSONS.

4. TOILETS OF THE WALL-HUNG TYPE ARE RECOMMENDED. UPTO 700

5. IT IS RECOMMENDED THAT BATHHOUSE FACILITIES, BASED ON THE

NUMBER OF BATHERS PRESENT AT ANY ONE TIME (2/3 OF WHOM MAY BE
ASSUMED TO BE MEN), BE PROVIDED AS FOLLOWS:
1 SHOWER FOR EACH 40 BATHERS
1 LAVATORY FOR EACH 60 BATHERS
1 TOILET FOR EACH 40 WOMEN
1 TOILET FOR EACH 60 MEN
TURINAL FOR EACH 60 MEN

MADAN BHANDARI MEMORIAL SCHOOL PROJECT TITLE : LITERATURE REVIEW NAME: GROUP 6 ( VI ) ROLL.NO: 03, 21, 24,35,37 SHEET NO.:
OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE SUBJECT: DESIGN STUDIO-V DATE: 2024/ 05/05 CHECKED BY:
WATER SUPPLY:
LITERATURE REVIEW COMMUNITY CENTRE DESIGN
RAIN WATER:
RAIN WATER STORE FILTRATION:

➢ MUNICIPAL WATER • RAINWATER HARVESTING FILTER DESIGN

➢ UNDERGROUND WATER: INCLUDES A CHAMBER WHICH IS FILLED WITH
TYPES OF PLUMBING(WASTE
• HAND PUMP WATER SUPPLY FILTERING SUBSTANCES SUCH AS FIBRE,
DISPOSAL)
COARSE SAND, AND GRAVEL LAYERS.
S.N TYPE OF BUILDINGS MINIMUM REQUIREMENT PER HEAD PER
DAY DRAINAGE AND SEWER :
• APARTMENT BUILDINGS 100 LIT
• AUDITORIUM (PER SEAT) 15 LIT DRAINAGE SHOULD BE AMONG THE FIRST
• HOSPITALS (INCLUDING LAUNDRY) PER BED THINGS TO BE COMPLETED IN A NEW
• A) NUMBER OF BEDS> 100 450 LIT BUILDING TO AVOID FUTURE PROBLEMS
• B) NUMBER OF BEDS> 100 450 LIT WHICH ARE DIFFICULT TO CORRECT .

• BUILDINGS HIGHER THAN 4-STOREY 45 LIT

• COMMERCIAL & INDUSTRIAL) FIG:SINGLE STACK SYSTEM THE PROCESS OF INSTALLATION OF SEWER LINE:
SEWAGE/WASTE WATER • DETERMINE THE PIPE'S DEPTH
• RECOMMENDED COLLECTION
• RESIDENCES 100 LIT • COMPUTE THE SLOPE
• OFFICE 45 LIT • DIG THE TRENCH AND LAY THE BLEEDING
• HOSTELS (INCLUDING QUARTERS FOR NURSES ETC.) 100 LIT FIG:ONE PIPE SYSTEM • INSTALL THE PIPE
SEWAGE/WASTE WATER
• HOTELS (PER BED) 100 LIT • BACK FILL THE TRENCH
COLLECTION
• RESTAURANTS (PER SEAT) 50 LIT
• SCHOOLS AND COLLEGES A) DAY SCHOOLS 15 LIT
B) BOARDING SCHOOLS 100 LIT
• CINEMAS, THEATRE HALLS, CONCERT HALL (PER SEAT) 15 LIT
• FACTORIES A) WITH BATHING FACILITIES 45 LIT
B) WITHOUT BATHING FACILITIES 30 LIT
TERMINAL STATIONS (BUS AND RAILWAYS) 15 LIT FIG : TWO PIPE SYSTEM
• AIRPORTS (INTERNATIONS ) 70 LIT SEWAGE/WASTE WATER
COLLECTION FIG: SOAK PIT FOR WATER WASTE
• AIRPORTS (DOMESTIC ) 20 LIT
MADAN BHANDARI MEMORIAL SCHOOL PROJECT TITLE : LITERATURE REVIEW NAME: GROUP 6 ( VI ) ROLL.NO: 03, 21, 24,35,37 SHEET NO.:
OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE SUBJECT: DESIGN STUDIO-V DATE: 2024/ 05/05 CHECKED BY:
 LITERATURE REVIEW COMMUNITY CENTRE DESIGN
REST HOUSE
➢PATI
➢BAHA, BAHI •SMALLEST AND MOST WIDELY DISTRIBUTED OF THE REST HOUSE
•SERVED AS A MEETING PLACE FOR GAMES OR SOCIAL AND CULTURAL GATHERING
• IDENTICAL LAYOUT OF RECTANGULAR BRICK PLATFORM RAISED ABOVE 60CM TYPICAL
•PLINTH OF AROUND 2 FEET OF HEIGHT
• DIMENSIONS OF PATI AND SATTAL IS USUALLY 17*10 FEET.
•FOR THIS PARTICULAR FUNCTION, RAILINGS
OF HEIGHT 1’-6” HAVE BEEN PROVIDED,
SLOPED AT AN ANGLE OF 60 DEGREES

FRONT ELEVATION
SECTION SIDE ELEVATION
➢CHAUTARI

•MADE BY PILING STONES TO CREATE

A PLATFORM
PLAN •PLANTED TO PROVIDE SHADE
•ENTRANCE: PART OF A BRICK WALL.
•PROVIDE BRIEF REST STOP TO
•ACROSS THE COURTYARD, THERE IS A
TRAVELERS HIKING AND PLACE FOR
SHRINE DEDICATED TO BUDDHA
SOCIAL GATHERINGS
•FOUR CORNERS COURTYARD ,ALLOWS
AFTER A DAY OF WORK.
PEOPLE TO PRAY BY GOING AROUND THE
FOUR CORNERS. ➢DHUNGE DHARA
•WOODEN MATERIALS ARE USED INSIDE OF
THE COURTYARD • TRADITIONAL STONE DRINKING FOUNTAIN
•FACADE : TWO STEPPED PLATFORM IN FOUND IN NEPAL
FRONT OF ENTRANCE • HELP ALLEVIATE THE WATER PRESSURE CAUSED
BY THE MONSOON RAINS.
•INTRICATELY CARVED STONE WATERWAY THROUGH
WHICH WATER FLOWS UNINTERRUPTED FROM
UNDERGROUND SOURCES.
• PONDS AND CANALS THAT FORM AN ELABORATE
NETWORK OF WATER BODIES,
SECTION

MADAN BHANDARI MEMORIAL SCHOOL PROJECT TITLE : LITERATURE REVIEW NAME: GROUP 6 ( VI ) ROLL.NO: 03, 21, 24,35,37 SHEET NO.:
OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE SUBJECT: DESIGN STUDIO-V DATE: 2024/ 05/05 CHECKED BY:
 LITERATURE REVIEW COMMUNITY CENTRE DESIGN
LIFT: ESCALATOR:

➢STAIRCASE :
FIG: PLAN OF LIFT

FIG: LIFT DESIGN KEY MINIMUM DIMENSION

LENGTH IN PLAN:
• WITH 30 DEGREE ESCALATOR=
1.732* STOREY HEIGHT
• WITH 35 DEGREE = 1.428 * STOREY
HEIGHT
• INCLUDING LANDING TOP AND
BOTTOM, TOTAL LENGTH IS FIG: SECTION
APPROXIMATELY 9M, ALLOWING
FOR 20 PEOPLE TO STAND IN A
ROW ON THE ESCALATOR

❑ CIRCULATION AND ESCAPE ROUTES

MADAN BHANDARI MEMORIAL SCHOOL PROJECT TITLE : LITERATURE REVIEW NAME: GROUP 6 ( VI ) ROLL.NO: 03, 21, 24,35,37 SHEET NO.:
OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE SUBJECT: DESIGN STUDIO-V DATE: 2024/ 05/05 CHECKED BY:
 LITERATURE REVIEW COMMUNITY CENTRE DESIGN
LIGHT/ HVAC

LIGHTING SYSTEM SHOULD PROVIDE APPROPRIATE LEVELS

OF LUMINANCE WHEN ARTIFICIAL LIGHT ADAPTS DYNAMICALLY TO THIS
• AN ANGLE OF INCIDENCE OF 30 ° TO THE VERTICAL IS PROCESS AND TAKES INTO ACCOUNT,
CONSIDERED AS A GOOD GUIDELINE COLD WHITE, COOL LIGHT COLOURS HAVE AN ACTIVATING
•THE OPTIMUM STANDARDS FOR VISUAL COMFORT ARE EFFECT AND PROMOTE CONCENTRATED WORK (5000K) T
>0.5% MINIMUM DAYLIGHT FACTOR AND >2-5% INCREASES BOTH WELL-BEING AND SUCCESSFUL LEARNING.
• AVERAGE DAYLIGHT FACTOR (WITH THE DAYLIGHT
FACTOR BEING LUX INSIDE/LUX OUTSIDE X 100%). TRANSFORMER/ ELECTRIC POLE
• AMBIENT LIGHTING FOR CORRIDORS, TOILETS, STORE
ROOM ETC. <100-200 LUX; GENERAL OFFICE SPACE
REQUIRES <300-500 • A TYPICAL STANDARD FOR A PADMOUNTED TRANSFORMER
• LIGHT FROM AN OVERCAST SKY BEING AROUND 5000 ON GRADE IS AT LEAST 10 FT FROM BUILDING WALLS AND
LUX WINDOWS.
THE SPACING BETWEEN WIRES IS A SAFE DISTANCE,

HVAC PROVIDE FRESH AIR FOR THE OCCUPANTS, AND

REMOVE CONTAMINANTS FROM THE BUILDING

MADAN BHANDARI MEMORIAL SCHOOL PROJECT TITLE : LITERATURE REVIEW NAME: GROUP 6 ( VI ) ROLL.NO: 03, 21, 24,35,37 SHEET NO.:
OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE SUBJECT: DESIGN STUDIO-V DATE: 2024/ 05/05 CHECKED BY:
 LITERATURE REVIEW COMMUNITY CENTRE DESIGN
TEMPLE COMPLEX
PRIMARY HEALTH CARE
PATAN DURBAR SQUARE
PHARMACY
• SERVE FOR VARIOUS FESTIVALS, EVENTS AND DEMANDS OF CITIZEN A 20MSQ PHARMACY CAN SUPPLY A COMBINATION OF
THROUGH THE SPACE AND ELEMENT PRESENT WITHIN IT. ANAESTHETICS AND SURGICAL.
• ENHANCE BOTH ACTIVE AND PASSIVE INTERACTION.
• GIVES IDEA OF HOW TO MAKE PEOPLE ENGAGED IN THE SPACE AND CLEANING ROOMS
ENHANCE BOTH LONG -TERM AND SHORT TERM STAY. ROOM A SIZE OF 5 MSQ IS SUFFICIENT FOR CLEANING
• IT IS THE TYPICAL EXAMPLE OF TEMPLE COMPLEX COMMUNITY CENTRE ROOMS.

DICTATION ROOM
NO LARGER THAN 5MSQ IN SIZE, SUCH ROOMS ARE WHERE
THE DOCTOR PREPARE REPORTS FOLLOWING AN
OPERATION.

WCS
WASHROOM SHOULD BE LOCATED ONLY WITHIN THE
LOBBIES AND NOT IN THE SURGICAL AREA.

• THERE ARE TOTAL THIRTEEN TEMPLES AND FEW SHRINES OF DIFFERENT

FORM IN THE SQUARE LIKE AS KRISHNA TEMPLE, NARSIMHA AND
CHYASIN DEGA ARE BUILT IN SHIKHARA FORM, BISWESWOR TEMPLE AND
FEW SHRINES ARE BUILT IN DOMICAL FORM, AND THE OTHERS ARE BUILT
IN PAGODA AND CHAITYA FORM.
• THE TEMPLES ARE BUILT ON PLINTHS RAISED TO DIFFERENT HEIGHTS.
• THOUGH THE HIGH PLINTHS WERE SYMBOLIC TO THE HIGH BEING OF THE
DEITIES, THEY BEHAVE DIFFERENTLY IN AN URBAN OPEN SPACE.
• THESE PLINTHS ARE SERVING AS SITTING FOR THE PUBLICS.
• GATHERING SPACES AROUND TEMPLE

MADAN BHANDARI MEMORIAL SCHOOL PROJECT TITLE : LITERATURE REVIEW NAME: GROUP 6 ( VI ) ROLL.NO: 03, 21, 24,36,37 SHEET NO.:
OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE SUBJECT: DESIGN STUDIO-V DATE: 2024/ 05/05 CHECKED BY:
PLANNING AND ARCHITECTURAL LITERATURE REVIEW COMMUNITY CENTRE DESIGN
DESIGN GUIDELINES

FIG: ZONING OF COMMUNITY CENTRE OF SMITHVILLE

❖ PRINCIPLES FOR SUCCESSFUL COMMUNITY CENTRES

▪ ADDRESS COMMUNITY NEEDS AND PROMOTE SOCIAL
OUTCOMES
▪ PROVIDE A RANGE OF COMMUNITY SERVICES, ACTIVITIES AND
PROGRAMS
▪ CONTRIBUTE TO THE PUBLIC DOMAIN AND SENSE OF PLACE
▪ ADOPT SUSTAINABLE FUNDING, MANAGEMENT AND
MAINTENANCE ARRANGEMENTS
▪ ENSURE EQUITABLE ACCESS
▪ SUPPORT COMMUNITY COHESION
▪ DEVELOP A STRONG LOCAL PROFILE
▪ INVOLVE THE COMMUNITY
▪ WORK COLLABORATIVELY
FIG: PLANNING OF COMMUNITY CENTRE ▪ PROMOTE PHYSICAL INTEGRATION
▪ ENSURE FLEXIBILITY AND ADAPTABILITY
▪ ENSURE INTEGRATED PLANNING

MADAN BHANDARI MEMORIAL SCHOOL PROJECT TITLE : LITERATURE REVIEW NAME: GROUP 6 ( VI ) ROLL.NO: 03, 21, 24,35,37 SHEET NO.:
OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE SUBJECT: DESIGN STUDIO-V DATE: 2024/ 05/05 CHECKED BY: