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CCTV Design Steps

The document outlines six essential steps for designing and planning an IP CCTV system, highlighting the advantages of IP systems over traditional analogue ones. Key steps include selecting the right network camera, ensuring effective network transmission, considering bandwidth and security, calculating storage needs, understanding video compression methods, and utilizing a video management system. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of ONVIF compliance for interoperability among devices.

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6 views3 pages

CCTV Design Steps

The document outlines six essential steps for designing and planning an IP CCTV system, highlighting the advantages of IP systems over traditional analogue ones. Key steps include selecting the right network camera, ensuring effective network transmission, considering bandwidth and security, calculating storage needs, understanding video compression methods, and utilizing a video management system. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of ONVIF compliance for interoperability among devices.

Uploaded by

ojnaidu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Six steps to successfully designing and

planning an IP CCTV system by Mayflex


IP based CCTV systems offer significant advantages over traditional analogue
systems such as better remote access, greater integration with other
systems, improved image quality as well as scalability. In order to take full
advantage of the benefits of an IP CCTV system, the design and
implementation of the solution needs to carefully planned and executed.

For designers and installers familiar with analogue surveillance systems, but
without experience with IP based systems, the following six steps will explain
the basic design concepts for implementation of a successful network
system.

The six steps are as follows:

Step 1: Choosing the right network camera: Network cameras offer a


range of benefits over their analogue equivalents, including better image
quality, flexibility, POE, analytics and more. However, when selecting a
network camera some of the initial considerations about specification are the
same as for an analogue camera such as, location, field of view, internal or
external deployment, fixed or zoom lens, ambient lighting and the types of
housings and mountings. There are six main types of network cameras:

 Fixed Network Camera: fixed, varifocal or zoom lens; boxed or bullet


type.
 Fixed Dome Camera: fixed, varifocal or zoom lens; compact and
dome casing.
 PTZ Dome Camera: pan, tilt & zoom functions; wider coverage and
superior zoom.
 Thermal Camera: creates images based on heat radiating from an
object, vehicle or person.
 360 Degree / Panoramic / Fish Eye Camera: wide area in a single
view, ideal for retail applications.
 HD & Megapixel Camera: 4K Ultra HD, superior video image
resolution; HD Res = 3 x analogue resolution; 4K Res = 4 x HD Res.

Step 2: Extended network transmission: Image transmission is vital


when designing a network based IP security system. Wide range of
transmission solutions that can be deployed such as ethernet switches,
baluns, encoders/decoders, fibre and wireless. Wireless IP based systems are
very effective and provide benefits like easy installation, high reliability, up
to 750 Mbps over 10 miles, stream up to 4 HD cameras at 25 fps, easy
operation from remote locations, lower maintenance and costs.
Three main types of wireless networks are point-to-point, point-to-multipoint
and mesh.

Drawbacks of wireless solutions are:

 Video latency and bandwidth, affected by the distance from the device
to the access point.
 Susceptibility to interference by other wireless technologies and
systems.

Step 3: Network design, bandwidth and security consideration: For IP


systems, the video data travels across a network based infrastructure. In
many cases it will be a dedicated LAN. It is increasingly common for the end
user to ask the system integrator to work in co-ordination with their IT
department so that the security system transitions smoothly on the network.

Typically, each network design will be bespoke to the needs of the user and
the specified installation. The security design consideration include IP
addressing and transport protocols, bandwidth, scalability and network
security.

Bandwidth is vital, as it can severely impact the performance of the end


user's network traffic throughout the business. In smaller systems up to 10
cameras, a simple 100 Mbit network switch can be used without affecting the
network much as a typical camera delivering high-quality images at high
frame rates uses only 2-3 Mbit/s of the available network bandwidth. Large
systems would require a switch connected to a gigabit backbone or a
separate LAN. Other solutions include VLAN's on a switched network, quality
of service capabilities via the switch and event-based recordings.

Selecting the right security options such as, firewalls, virtual private
networks and password protection, will eliminate concerns about how an IP
CCTV system might be compromised.

Step 4: Storage calculations and servers: Storage requirements,


accessibility and retrieval of images and related information including
scalability, redundancy and performance, are all important to a network
solution. There are two ways to design storage solutions: storage attached to
the server running the application, as in a Network Video Recorder (NVR) and
the other solution is here the storage is separate from the server running the
application, called network attached storage (NAS). NAS provides an
advantage such that it allows the designer to build redundancy so that the
data can be stored in more than one location.

Most manufacturers provide design tools that enable the system designer to
select the correct amount of storage for the specific application.
Step 5: Understanding compression engines: Video compression
methods are used to improve the efficiency of transmission and reduce the
need for more expensive storage. The three most commonly used standards
of video compression are: Motion JPEG, MPEG-4 and H.264. H.264 is the
latest and is considered to be the most efficient and most widely adopted.

Motion JPEG (MJPEG) - compresses each of the video frames using the JPEG
format. Clearer images as the compression ratio is lower, it is robust and can
afford to lose frames during transmission without affecting the rest of the
video.

MPEG-4 - compresses differences between the frames in a video sequence


resulting in a better compression ratio than MJPEG. It requires reduced
bandwidth and storage requirements thus generating cost savings.

H.264 - maintains image quality, reduces the size of of the file as much as
80% (vs MJPEG) and 50% (vs MPEG-4) thus needing much lesser network
bandwidth and lower storage space.

Step 6: Video management system (VMS): VMS manages video for live
monitoring and recording and provides integration into other systems. It is a
key feature as easy integration with access control devices and other
systems allows users to manage video and other building controls through a
single programme.

The choice of VMS depends upon a number of factors such as compatibility


of the cameras, available bandwidth, storage, scalability, frame-rate control
and integration requirements.

ONVIF

ONVIF stands for Open Network Video Interface Forum and was founded in
2008 by Axis Communications, Bosch Security Systems and Sony
Corporation.

ONVIF provides open standard across manufacturers and is designed to


make it easier to integrate video management software with third-party
cameras and third-party software. It is a single protocol for everything which
means there is no need for the development of custom API's. When
designing the system integrator must ensure that they choose products that
are ONVIF compliant to ensure interoperability between cameras and
network recording devices.

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