Team

Retrospective
 Participants

Tahir Husnain Zainab Saba Areeba Muhammad Adil Mariam

Moderator
Database management system
with structure and working
 Topics Page

Database management system 1

Context
Database 2—8

Types of database 9—10

Structure of database 11—14

Working of database 15—20

Conclusion 21
 1

Database Management Systems (DBMS)

are software systems used to store,
retrieve, and run queries on data. A DBMS
What is Database serves as an interface between an end-

management system? user and a database, allowing users to

create, read, update, and delete data in the
database.
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A database is information that is

set up for easy access,

DataBase
management and updating.
Computer databases typically store
aggregations of data records or files
that contain information, such as
sales transactions, customer data,
financials and product information.
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DataBase

Fields Tables Reports

Records Forms
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Fields:
In a database table, a field is a data structure for a single piece of data.
Fields are organized into records
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Records:
A record in a database is an object that can contain one or
more values. Groups of records are then saved in a table; the
table defines the data that each record may contain.
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Tables:
A table is a collection of related data held in a table format within
a database. It consists of columns and rows.
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Forms:
A form is a database object that contains different
fields. These fields collect information from a source
which is collected and stored in a database for further
reference.
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Reports:
A database report is the formatted result of database queries
and contains useful data for decision-making and analysis.
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There are different types of database

management systems, such as relational
databases, object-oriented databases,
hierarchical databases, distributed

Types of Database databases and NoSQL databases. Each

type of DBMS has its own advantages
and disadvantages, and the type of
DBMS used depends on the needs of the
organization.
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Relational Database:
A relational database is a collection of information that
organizes data in predefined relationships where data is
stored in one or more tables (or "relations") of columns and
rows, making it easy to see and understand how different
data structures relate to each other.
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The database system is divided

Structure of into three components: Query

Database
Processor, Storage Manager, and
Disk Storage. These are explained
as following below.
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1. Query Processor:
It interprets the requests (queries) received from end user via an
application program into instructions. It also executes the user
request which is received from the DML compiler.

2. Storage Manager:
Storage Manager is a program that provides an interface between
the data stored in the database and the queries received. It is also
known as Database Control System. It maintains the consistency
and integrity of the database by applying the constraints and
executing the DCL statements.
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3. Disk Storage:

It contains the following components –

• Data Files: It stores the data.

• Data Dictionary: It contains the information about the

structure of any database object. It is the repository of
information that governs the metadata.
• Indices: It provides faster retrieval of data item.
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Creating DataBase Table:

List the necessary fields…..

Working of Steps to define a field:

DataBase 1. Descriptively name the field.
2. Specify the field type.
3. Determine the field type.
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Understanding Field Type:

Field types:
1. Describes the type of data stored.
2. Most DBMS use the same type:
Text field stores numbers and letters.
Numerical field stores numbers.
Date and Time field.
Logical field stores yes or no.
Binary fields stores images or sounds.
Counter field generates sequential numbers.
Memo field stores large amounts of data.
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Entering data into tables:

1. Users types data into fields.
2. Data must be entered accurately:
—Constraints help to verify data.
3. Forms are typically used for data entry.

Viewing records:
1. Datasheet view shows all records.
2. Filters can limit the records shown.
—Display only records matches criteria.
3. Forms allow viewing one record.
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Sorting records:

1. Order record based on a field.

2. Multiple sub sorts resolves 'ties'.
3. Several types of sorts:
—Alphabetic
—Numeric
—Chronological
—Ascending
—Descending
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Querying a database:
1. Statement that describes desired data.
2. List of fields can be modified.
3. Uses of querying.
—Find data
—Calculate values per second
—Delete records
4. Most important DBMS skills.
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Generating reports:

1. Printed information extracted from a database.

2. Can calculate data.
—Calculate data per rows
—Calculate for entire table
3. Pictures and formatting can be included.
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The DBMS is an important part of any

organization or company, as it helps
manage the data that is used by the
organization. It provides a secure
environment for storing and accessing
data, and also helps ensure the accuracy

Conclusion
and integrity of the data. The DBMS also
provides a variety of tools to help
manage the data, such as query
languages, reporting tools, data
visualization tools, and data mining tools.

The DBMS is an essential part of any

organization or company, and it is
important to choose the right type of
DBMS for the needs of the organization.