Major | Modern Physics

LET Test Drill

Competency 2.1 Characterize the basic features of Modern C. Electron diffraction

Physics: Planck’s quantum theory and Einstein’s theory of D. Free fall
relativity 12. What is Planck’s constant symbolized as?
Competency 2.2 Distinguish between Classical Physics and A. c
Modern Physics B. h
C. e
1. Who proposed the quantum theory?
D. p
A. Newton
13. What does Planck’s constant relate?
B. Einstein
A. Energy and mass
C. Planck
B. Energy and frequency
D. Bohr
C. Mass and velocity
2. What does quantum theory state about energy?
D. Voltage and current
A. Energy is continuous
14. Which of the following best represents Modern Physics?
B. Energy is quantized
A. Newton’s laws
C. Energy cannot be measured
B. Boyle’s law
D. Energy is created and destroyed
C. Quantum theory
3. What is a quantum?
D. Hooke’s law
A. A particle with mass
15. The twin paradox involves which concept?
B. A unit of matter
A. Conservation of mass
C. The smallest amount of energy
B. Time dilation
D. A neutron
C. Reflection
4. Which of the following is a core idea of Einstein’s theory
D. Refraction
of relativity?
16. What is time dilation?
A. Gravity has no effect on time
A. Time moves faster in all frames
B. The speed of light is variable
B. Time slows down in moving frames
C. Time slows down at higher speeds
C. Time is an illusion
D. Mass is independent of energy
D. Time is absolute
5. What equation shows the equivalence of mass and
17. According to special relativity, the speed of light is:
energy?
A. Dependent on the observer
A. F = ma
B. Infinite
B. E = mc²
C. Constant in all inertial frames
C. V = IR
D. Variable
D. PV = nRT
18. General relativity primarily deals with:
6. What constant is represented by "c" in E = mc²?
A. Electrons
A. Planck’s constant
B. Gravitational fields
B. Speed of sound
C. Refraction
C. Speed of light
D. Heat transfer
D. Specific heat
19. Which experiment confirmed the photoelectric effect?
7. Which concept is not part of classical physics?
A. Millikan’s oil drop
A. Gravity
B. Rutherford’s gold foil
B. Thermodynamics
C. Young’s double slit
C. Quantum tunneling
D. Hertz’s experiment
D. Newton’s Laws
20. Who formulated the uncertainty principle?
8. According to quantum mechanics, electrons behave like:
A. Einstein
A. Planets
B. Planck
B. Waves and particles
C. Heisenberg
C. Protons
D. Bohr
D. Neutrons
21. The uncertainty principle suggests:
9. What is the photoelectric effect?
A. We can predict everything
A. Light bends through a prism
B. Light is only a wave
B. Light reflects off a surface
C. We cannot measure position and momentum exactly
C. Electrons are ejected from metal surfaces by light
at the same time
D. Light travels in straight lines
D. Atoms are indivisible
10. Which scientist explained the photoelectric effect using
22. In Einstein’s equation E = mc², what happens to mass at
quantum theory?
very high speed?
A. Bohr
A. It decreases
B. Rutherford
B. It stays constant
C. Einstein
C. It increases
D. Curie
D. It disappears
11. Which of the following phenomena supports wave-
23. Which theory describes gravity as curvature in
particle duality?
spacetime?
A. Melting
A. Newtonian gravity
B. Refraction
 Major | Modern Physics
LET Test Drill

B. Classical mechanics 35. What is quantum tunneling?

C. General relativity A. Energy loss in space
D. Thermodynamics B. Particles passing through energy barriers
24. The speed of light in a vacuum is approximately: C. Electrons bouncing off walls
A. 3 x 10³ m/s D. Gravitational deflection
B. 3 x 10⁶ m/s 36. Which of the following is not explained by Classical
C. 3 x 10⁸ m/s Physics?
D. 3 x 10¹² m/s A. Refraction of light
25. What is a photon? B. Motion of planets
A. A particle of matter C. Hydrogen emission spectrum
B. A discrete packet of electromagnetic energy D. Falling objects
C. A particle with mass 37. What is a blackbody?
D. A type of atom A. An object that reflects all light
26. Which physical concept is challenged by Modern Physics? B. An object that absorbs and emits all radiation
A. The conservation of energy C. A mirror
B. The absoluteness of time and space D. A vacuum
C. Newton’s three laws 38. What is the significance of the ultraviolet catastrophe?
D. Gravity A. It proved classical physics correct
27. What is quantum entanglement? B. It led to the development of relativity
A. The joining of atoms C. It led to the development of quantum theory
B. Instant correlation of particle states over distance D. It confirmed thermodynamics
C. Fusion of molecules 39. Which law is part of thermodynamics and not modern
D. Division of electrons physics?
28. In quantum theory, an electron’s position is described as A. E = mc²
a: B. Entropy law
A. Point C. Schrödinger’s equation
B. Cloud of probability D. Quantum tunneling
C. Static value 40. What does relativity say about simultaneity?
D. Fixed circle A. It is universal
29. Classical physics fails to explain: B. It is the same for all observers
A. Acceleration C. It depends on the observer’s frame of reference
B. Friction D. It is constant
C. Blackbody radiation 41. What does gravitational time dilation suggest?
D. Inertia A. Gravity makes time faster
30. Which branch is considered part of Classical Physics? B. Time passes slower near massive objects
A. Quantum mechanics C. Time is unaffected by gravity
B. Electromagnetism D. Time is fictional
C. Relativity 42. The wavefunction in quantum mechanics describes:
D. Quantum chromodynamics A. Particle charge
31. Who contributed the atomic model with quantized B. Particle behavior over time
orbits? C. Probability of finding a particle
A. Dalton D. Particle speed
B. Bohr 43. What is a key difference between classical and modern
C. Heisenberg physics?
D. Schrödinger A. Classical physics allows probability
32. The double-slit experiment showed that: B. Classical physics explains all atomic behavior
A. Light is only a particle C. Modern physics introduces uncertainty and
B. Electrons are massless quantization
C. Electrons show interference D. Modern physics is deterministic
D. Energy is conserved 44. Why is quantum physics considered probabilistic?
33. According to quantum mechanics, particles have: A. It uses averages
A. Only position B. It is not accurate
B. No momentum C. It deals with large-scale events
C. No mass D. It predicts outcomes based on probability
D. Wave-like properties 45. What fundamental force is described by general
34. What is spacetime? relativity?
A. A scientific theory A. Electromagnetic
B. The combination of space and time as a single B. Weak nuclear
continuum C. Gravity
C. Newton’s laws of motion D. Strong nuclear
D. A unit of gravity 46. What does the principle of superposition imply in
quantum physics?
 Major | Modern Physics
LET Test Drill

A. Only one state is possible 12. B. h

B. A particle can be in multiple states Planck’s constant is symbolized by “h” and has a value
C. No interactions occur of approximately 6.626 × 10⁻³⁴ J·s.
D. Only classical rules apply 13. B. Energy and frequency
47. What happens when a wavefunction collapses? The formula E = hf shows that energy of a quantum is
A. A particle disappears directly proportional to its frequency.
B. A particle's state becomes definite 14. C. Quantum theory
C. The atom splits Quantum theory is central to modern physics,
D. Mass is lost distinguishing it from classical physics.
48. What is the focus of particle physics? 15. B. Time dilation
A. Large bodies in motion The “twin paradox” illustrates that a twin traveling at
B. Thermodynamics high speed ages more slowly.
C. Subatomic particles and forces 16. B. Time slows down in moving frames
D. Weather This is a direct implication of Einstein’s Theory of
49. What device uses quantum theory for operation? Special Relativity.
A. Thermometer 17. C. Constant in all inertial frames
B. Compass Special relativity is based on the postulate that the
C. MRI scanner speed of light is constant in all inertial frames.
D. Barometer 18. B. Gravitational fields
50. The theory that combines quantum mechanics and General Relativity explains gravity as the warping of
special relativity is: spacetime by mass and energy.
A. Classical mechanics 19. D. Hertz’s experiment
B. General relativity Hertz experimentally confirmed the photoelectric
C. Quantum field theory effect, validating theoretical predictions.
D. Thermodynamics 20. C. Heisenberg
Werner Heisenberg formulated the uncertainty
principle.
Answer Key with Rationalization
21. C. We cannot measure position and momentum exactly
1. C. Planck at the same time
Max Planck proposed the Quantum Theory in 1900, This is the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle, a core
introducing the idea that energy is quantized. tenet of quantum mechanics.
2. B. Energy is quantized 22. C. It increases
The central concept of Planck’s theory is that energy According to relativity, an object’s mass increases as it
comes in discrete packets called quanta. approaches the speed of light.
3. C. The smallest amount of energy 23. C. General relativity
A quantum is the basic unit of energy in a system. Explains gravity as a curvature of spacetime caused by
4. C. Time slows down at higher speeds mass and energy.
This is a fundamental outcome of Einstein’s Theory of 24. C. 3 × 10⁸ m/s
Special Relativity. The speed of light in a vacuum is a constant used in
5. B. E = mc² many physics equations.
This famous equation shows the relationship between 25. B. A discrete packet of electromagnetic energy
mass and energy. A photon is the quantum of electromagnetic radiation.
6. C. Speed of light 26. B. The absoluteness of time and space
In the equation, “c” stands for the speed of light in a Modern physics rejects the Newtonian concept of
vacuum, approximately 3 × 10⁸ m/s. absolute time and space.
7. C. Quantum tunneling 27. B. Instant correlation of particle states over distance
A modern physics concept where particles pass Quantum entanglement is when two particles remain
through potential barriers. connected, instantly affecting each other regardless of
8. B. Waves and particles distance.
Electrons and light exhibit both particle and wave 28. B. Cloud of probability
properties – wave-particle duality. Modern atomic models depict electron positions as
9. C. Electrons are ejected from metal surfaces by light probability clouds.
This defines the photoelectric effect, a key evidence of 29. C. Blackbody radiation
quantum theory. Classical physics failed to explain the blackbody
10. C. Einstein spectrum, leading to quantum theory.
Albert Einstein explained the photoelectric effect using 30. B. Electromagnetism
quantum concepts, earning him the Nobel Prize in Electromagnetism is a branch of classical physics, not
Physics. modern.
11. C. Electron diffraction 31. B. Bohr
Shows the wave-like nature of particles like electrons. Niels Bohr introduced the model of the atom with
quantized electron orbits.
 Major | Modern Physics
LET Test Drill

32. C. Electrons show interference

The double-slit experiment with electrons confirms
their wave-like behavior.
33. D. Wave-like properties
Particles like electrons exhibit wave characteristics,
especially at the quantum scale.
34. B. The combination of space and time as a single
continuum
Spacetime is a key concept in Einstein’s relativity.
35. B. Particles passing through energy barriers
Quantum tunneling allows particles to pass through
potential barriers they classically shouldn’t.
36. C. Hydrogen emission spectrum
Quantum theory explains the discrete spectral lines of
hydrogen.
37. B. An object that absorbs and emits all radiation
A blackbody is a theoretical object used in
thermodynamics and quantum physics.
38. C. It led to the development of quantum theory
The ultraviolet catastrophe exposed flaws in classical
theory, prompting quantum theory.
39. B. Entropy law
The second law of thermodynamics is part of classical
physics.
40. C. It depends on the observer’s frame of reference
According to relativity, simultaneity is not absolute.
41. B. Time passes slower near massive objects
Gravitational time dilation occurs due to intense
gravitational fields.
42. C. Probability of finding a particle
The wavefunction gives the likelihood of a particle’s
position or momentum.
43. C. Modern physics introduces uncertainty and
quantization
Modern physics incorporates quantum uncertainty and
the idea that quantities are discrete.
44. D. It predicts outcomes based on probability
Quantum mechanics is inherently probabilistic rather
than deterministic.
45. C. Gravity
General Relativity deals specifically with gravity.
46. B. A particle can be in multiple states
Superposition allows particles to exist in multiple states
until measured.
47. B. A particle’s state becomes definite
Wavefunction collapse is the reduction of a
superposition to a single outcome after observation.
48. C. Subatomic particles and forces
Particle physics is a subfield of modern physics focused
on fundamental particles.
49. C. MRI scanner
Uses quantum properties of nuclei in a magnetic field
for imaging.
50. C. Quantum field theory
Unifies special relativity with quantum mechanics, and
is used in particle physics.