GRAVITATION

1. Given below are two statements: One is labelled 3. As observed from earth, the sun appears to
as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as move in approximate circular orbit. For the

Reason (R). motion of another planets like mercury as

observed from the earth. This would :-
Assertion (A) : An artificial satellite is moving in
(1) be approximately
a circular orbit of the earth. If the gravitational
(2) not be true because the force between earth
pull suddenly disappears, then it moves with the
& mercury is not inverse square law
same speed tangential to the original orbit. (3) not be true because the major gravitational
Reason (R) : The orbital speed of a satellite force on mercury is due to sun
decreases with the increase in radius of the orbit. (4) not be true because mercury is influenced by
In the light of the above statements, choose the forces other than gravitational
most appropriate answer from the options given 4. Choose the correct statement(s) from the
below: following:-
(1) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the (A) The magnitude of the gravitational force
between two bodies of mass 1 kg each and
correct explanation of (A).
separated by a distance of 1 m is 9.8 N.
(2) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is NOT
(B) Higher the value of escape velocity for a
the correct explanation of (A).
planet, higher is the abundance of lighter
(3) (A) is true but (R) is false. gases in its atmosphere.
(4) (A) is false but (R) is true. (C) Force of friction arises due to gravitational

2. Given below are two statements: One is labelled attraction.

(D) The gravitational force of attraction between
as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as
two bodies of ordinary mass is not noticeable
Reason (R).
because the value of the gravitational
Assertion (A) : Total energy is conserved in constant is extremely small.
moving a satellite to higher orbit. (1) A, B (2) B, C, D (3) D (4) B, D
Reason (R) : For a satellite change in potential 5. A satellite is moving round the earth in a circular
energy and kinetic energy is same in magnitude orbit. The following statements are given :-
and opposite in nature. (i) It is moving with a constant velocity.
In the light of the above statements, choose the (ii) It has no acceleration.

most appropriate answer from the options given (iii) It’s angular momentum w.r.t. centre of the
earth remains conserved.
below:
(1) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the (iv) Its distance from center must be equal to 2
times of earth's radius.
correct explanation of (A).
The correct option is :-
(2) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is NOT
(1) i & ii are true
the correct explanation of (A).
(2) i, iii & iv are true
(3) (A) is true but (R) is false. (3) only iii is true
(4) Both (A) and (R) are false. (4) i & iv are true

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6. Consider the following statement for a satellite S 8. Two concentric spherical shells of non-zero
masses are as shown in the figure :-
moving in an elliptical orbit around the earth
B
(mass of satellite is negligibly small compared to A D
earth)
C
I : The acc. of S is always towards earth.
II : The total mechanical energy of S varies
Column - I Column - II
periodically with time.
(A) Potential at A (P) Greater than B
III : The linear momentum of 'S' remain constant Gravitational (Q) Less than B
(B)
in magnitude. field at A
(C) As one moves (R) Potential remains
The correct sequence of true (T) and false (F) for from C to D constant
the above statement is :- (D) As one moves (S) Gravitational field
from D to A decreases
(1) TTF (2) TFT (3) TFF (4) FFF (T) Data insufficient
7. A satellite is in a circular equatorial orbit of radius (1) (A) → P; (B) → Q; (C) → R; (D) → S
(2) (A) → Q; (B) → T; (C) → R; (D) → S
7000 km around the earth. If it is transferred to a
(3) (A) → P; (B) → Q; (C) → S; (D) → R
circular orbit of double of radius :- (4) (A) → Q; (B) → P; (C) → S; (D) → R
Column - I Column - II

(A) Angular (P) Increases

momentum
(B) Area of earth (Q) Decreases
covered by
satellite signal
(C) Potential energy (R) Becomes double
(D) Kinetic energy (S) Becomes half
(1) (A) → Q; (B) → P; (C) → P, R; (D) → Q, S
(2) (A) → P; (B) → P; (C) → P; (D) → Q, S
(3) (A) → Q; (B) → Q; (C) → P, S; (D) → P, R
(4) (A) → P; (B) → Q; (C) → P; (D) → P, R

ANSWER KEY
Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Ans. 2 4 1 4 3 1 2 2

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 Solution

1. After the force disappears, it continue to move in 7. r → 2r

a straight line due to inertia of direction and GM
(A) Angular Momentum := = m
L mvr .r
GM r
orbital speed V0 = .
r L∝ r r ↑⇒ L ↑

1
So, V0 ∝ ⇒ r ↑⇒ V0 ↓
r

2. Work has to be done on a satellite by external (B)

agency to shift it in higher orbit. So total energy

will not remain conserved.

Area covered will ↑
4. (A) The magnitude of force between 1 Kg bodies
GMm
–11 (C) U = − = –U0
is 6.67 × 10 N r

(B) is correct, if escape velocity for a planet is GMm U 

U′ = − = − 0 
2r  2 
high, the thermal speeds of lighter gases are less
P.E. will ↑
than the escape velocity. GMm
(D) KE = ⇒ KE will ↓
2r
∴ Lighter gases are not able to escape.
B
(C) is wrong; friction force is electromagnetic in r2

nature. r1 D
8. R1
(D) is correct.
C
5. Satellite in circular orbit has constant speed, but R2 m1
m2
not constant velocity and it will have centripetal
Gm1 Gm2 Gm1 Gm2
acceleration. (A) U A =
− − ; UB =
− −
r1 R2 r2 r2
6. I. Gravitational force on satellite due to earth UA < UB
Gm1 G(m1 + m2 )
acts always towards the centre of earth. (B) I A = 2
; IB =
r1 r22
II. Since distance of the satellite from the earth
Can't compare as data is insufficient.

changes, then the total mechanical energy will be Gm1 Gm2 Gm1 Gm2
(C) U C =
− − ; UD =
− −
R1 R2 R1 R2
change.
remains same
III. Since v changes in magnitude & direction. Gm1 Gm
(D) I A = ; ID = 2 1
r12 R1
∴ Linear momentum is not conserved.
ID > IA