NSTP SECOND SEMESTER MIDTERMS

REVIEWER
1. COMMUNITY
● A community is a place where one lives, works and plays.
● A community denotes a group of people occupying a definite territory, with families and the
neighborhood.
● A community is a social group with some degree of "we feeling" living in a given area.

2. Basic Elements of Community (8)

L-C-W G-C P-S-P

1. Locality
2. Community Sentiment/Sentiments
3. Wider Ends
4. Group of People
5. Common Life
6. Particular Name
7. Spontaneous Origin of Life
8. Permanence

1. Locality
A community is often associated with a specific place or locality. It's a group of people who share a
common geographic area, like a neighborhood, town, or even a school.
Example: Your school can be a community. All the students and teachers belong to the same place,
creating a school community.

2. Community Sentiments
This refers to the feelings and emotions shared by members of a community. It's the sense of
belonging and connection that people have with each other.
Example: Imagine the excitement and camaraderie during a school sports event. The cheering and
support create a sense of community sentiments among the students.
3. Wider Ends
Communities often have broader goals or purposes that go beyond individual interests. They work
towards achieving common objectives or fulfilling shared needs.
Example: A town may come together to organize a clean-up day to make their environment better.
This demonstrates the wider ends of a community working towards a common goal.

4. Group of People
A community is made up of individuals who interact and share a sense of togetherness. It's a group
of people with shared interests or characteristics.
Example: Your family is a small community. It consists of different individuals (family members) who
live together and share their lives with one another.

5. Common Life
Members of a community often share common experiences, traditions, and routines. They engage
in activities together and contribute to a shared way of life.
Example: Holidays can be a time when communities come together to celebrate. Think of a
community gathering for a local festival, sharing common life experiences.

6. Particular Name
Communities usually have a specific name that identifies them as a distinct group. This name
reflects their identity and distinguishes them from other groups.
Example: Your school has a name, right? That name represents your school community and helps
identify it uniquely.

7. Spontaneous Origin of Life

Communities often form naturally and spontaneously as people come together due to shared
interests, geography, or common needs.
Example: If a group of students with a passion for art starts meeting regularly to create and share
their artwork, they are forming a community with a spontaneous origin of life centered around their
love for art.

8. Permanence:
Communities can be enduring and long-lasting. They often have a sense of continuity, with members
passing on traditions and values to future generations.
Example: Your town or city has been a community for many years, with people living there, working
together, and passing on their way of life to new residents.

3. What do we mean by Understanding and Describing the Community? (9)

Understanding and describing a community means analyzing its characteristics, structure, and
dynamics to gain insight into how it functions. This involves examining physical, social, and cultural
aspects to identify strengths, needs, and opportunities for development.

P-I-P D-H C-C E-E

1. Physical aspects
2. Infrastructure
3. Patterns of settlement, commerce, and industry
4. Demographics
5. History
6. Community leaders, formal and informal
7. Community culture, formal and informal
8. Existing groups
9. Existing institutions

1. Physical aspects – The natural and built environment, including land, climate, and
infrastructure.
o Example: A coastal community may face challenges related to flooding and typhoons due to
its geographic location.

2. Infrastructure – Facilities and services such as roads, bridges, water supply, electricity,
and communication systems.
o Example: A rural village with limited access to clean water may require infrastructure
improvements.

3. Patterns of settlement, commerce, and industry – How people are distributed, where
businesses are located, and the industries that sustain the economy.
o Example: A city center with high commercial activity versus a farming village with
agricultural livelihoods.

4. Demographics – Statistical data about the population, including age, gender, income
level, and education.
o Example: A community with a large elderly population may need more healthcare services.

5. History – The background and historical events that have shaped the community.
o Example: A town that was once a Spanish settlement may have historical landmarks and
cultural influences from colonial times.

6. Community leaders, formal and informal – Recognized individuals who influence and
guide the community, such as elected officials, religious leaders, or respected elders.
o Example: A barangay captain who leads local projects and maintains order in the
community.
 7. Community culture, formal and informal – Traditions, customs, values, and social
norms that shape daily life.
o Example: A community that values bayanihan (helping each other) often has strong
volunteerism and cooperation.

8. Existing groups – Organizations and social groups that provide support and engagement
opportunities.
o Example: Youth organizations, women’s associations, or environmental advocacy groups.

9. Existing institutions – Established organizations such as schools, hospitals, government

offices, and religious centers that provide essential services.
o Example: A town with a public hospital ensures access to healthcare for its residents.

4. Community Work
- Community Work is concerned with development and empowerment of communities through
facilitating the active participation of people in addressing issues that affect them collectively.

- They represent the voices and needs of target groups and disadvantaged communities to the policy
makers at local and national level.

5. Objectives of Community Work: (10)

M-A-M P-H C-B S-S-C

1. Make the people aware - working to make people aware of various problems in a community;
provide knowledge and to know about the main causes affecting their social life.
2. All sided development - seeks the opportunities for the better living standard of the people in the
community. Development is required in all sectors of the community.
3. Motivate People - programs are set up for the motivation of the community people for community
welfare and betterment of humanity.
4. Provide equality - gives equality to all people living in a territory, giving them equal chances and
opportunity-base to bring their resources for their utility.
5. Help the people to motivate themselves - Programs are made interesting to enable them to help
each other. It equips them to stand on their own.
6. Change of thinking - Gives new directions to change their mindset that will benefit them.
7. Bring reforms - Provide them better opportunities to solve the problematic situation through
reforms.
8. Social justice - It provides justice to all types of people. There would be no concept of rich and poor
but the programs would be utilization of all.
 9. Solve community problems - Different problems faced by the community people may be solved by
such programs in the affected areas. The community also lends a hand to the government to help
them in their development and growth.
10. Create interest - Mobilizes the people to participate in the collective work for community
development.

6. Characteristics of Community Work (9)

W-A-P-S M-P E-P-M

1. Work together toward a common goal

Example: one community may value environmental goals such as promoting recycling and making
forest areas more friendly to wildlife while another community may put more value on improving the
education system.
2. Allow freedom of expression
3. Promote fairness
Positive communities work to ensure that those !! who fall in minority populations are not treated
differently.
4. Set clear policies and obligations
Positive communities do not set rules. Instead, theory to encourage community members to fulfill
their obligations.
5. Maintain sensitivity towards members
Positive communities prioritize the well being of every member of the community and address
concerns in a timely and sensitive manner when they arise.
6. Promote interaction among members
Positive communities work to foster a feeling within positive communities should be fair and just in
their political focus.
7. Elect leaders that stand by community values
Leaders should also take the thoughts and suggestions of the community members into account
when making decisions that will affect their lifestyles.
8. Prioritize effective communication
Positive leaders ensure that all members are aware of the projects currently in process, as well as
what they can do to help those projects run smoothly.
9. Make smart decisions
Members will inevitably disagree on some issues or values, but effective community leader
incorporates concerns from both sides into the eventual decision made.
 7. (5) Five Principles of Community Economic
Development
S-C P-A-S

1. Sustainability refers to environmental, social, cultural, financial continuity and community well-
being. CED involves analysis and planning to implement policies and practices that will make
communities resilient for the long-term.
2. Community-Based means an enterprise or community-wide planning process that is on the common
interests of the broader community as well as the individual participants, CED facilitates community
control utilizing a grass- roots, bottom-up process.
3. Participatory. Participation in CED is by a broad and diverse range of community/project members in
terms of class, age, culture, gender and ability, CED invites and ensures active and inclusive
participation in planning and implementation of strategies.
4. Asset-Based. In CED, the resources, talents and abilities of the community form the foundation for
planning and developing projects. CED builds on local community resources and assets as well as
meeting needs.
5. Self-Reliance. CED reduces economic dependence of communities by analyzing the flow of wealth in,
out and within the community, identifying how leaks can be plugged and establishing trade links that
benefit all partners

8. (4) FOUR TYPES OF COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT

1. Community engagement with community development or community building
2. Community participation in consultation and decision making
3. Community engagement that helps organization businesses, etc. to improve their service delivery achieve
their goals.
4. Community engagement as part of social change or as a part of the work of voluntary organizations.

9.(4) Four Programs Focus of Community Engagement

H-E-C-E

1. Health, Nutrition and Food Security

2. Education
3. Child Protection
4. Environmental
10.
Finals