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HiYield Paper B

Started on Wednesday, 20 May 2020, 11:55 AM

State Finished
Completed on Wednesday, 20 May 2020, 11:55 AM
Time taken 8 secs
Marks 0/6
Grade 0 out of 100

Question 1 HiY Stats 047

Not answered Which of the following statements is true concerning the probability
of an event occurring?
Marked out of 1

Flag question Select one:

An event whose probability is a negative value, will occur very
rarely

The sum of all individual probabilities of different outcomes

must be equal to the number of outcomes

An event with probability of zero can occur but at a low

frequency

An event with probability of 1 will always occur

The probability of any event must be between -1 and +1

Check

Your answer is incorrect.

The standard equation for a probability calculation is P(event) =
A/N, where P(event) is the probability of the studied event
occurring, A is the number of times the desired event actually
occurs, and N is the total number of trials during which A may occur.
The probability of A occurring is expressed as a percentage that is
never greater than 1 (100%) or less than 0 (0%).
The correct answer is: An event with probability of 1 will always

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 occur

Question 2 HiY Stats 048

Not answered You are waiting for your next new patient in the OPD. Your clinical
team books only three types of new patients for you to see -
Marked out of 1
borderline personality, schizophrenia or depression. Concerning the
Flag question probability of your next patient having a diagnosis of borderline
personality, which of the following is true?

Select one:
The probability is 1/3

The probability is 1/2

The probability is zero

The probability is 1

The probability is 3

Check

Your answer is incorrect.

Out of 3 different types of events, the probability of one event to
occur is 1/3.
The correct answer is: The probability is 1/3

Question 3 HiY Stats 049

Not answered You are waiting for your next new patient in the OPD. Your clinical
team books only three types of new patients for you to see -
Marked out of 1
borderline personality, schizophrenia or depression. You are aware
Flag question that a high degree of comorbidity among the three disorders is
noted in your clinical sample. Which of the following can be said
about the probability of your next patient having one of the three
diagnoses, assuming random booking?

Select one:
If the next patient has borderline disorder, she cannot have
schizophrenia.

The chance that the next patient has any of the three

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 diagnoses is 3

The chance that the next patient is neither depressed nor

having borderline personality is around 2/3

The chance that the next patient has none of the three
diagnoses is one.

The three events are not mutually exclusive

Check

Your answer is incorrect.

Due to a high degree of co-morbidity, the events become dependent
on each other i.e. they are not mutually exclusive.The probability
that the next patient has any of the three must less than one - it
cannot be 3. The chance that they have neither of the three is zero -
it cannot be one given the fact that your team books only one of
these three patients for you to see. The chance that the next patient
is neither depressed nor having borderline personality must be
around 1/3.
The correct answer is: The three events are not mutually exclusive

Question 4 HiY Stats 050

Not answered The chance of having Down syndrome if born to a mother aged 35
is 2%. The chance of having Williams Syndrome if born to a mother
Marked out of 1
aged 35 is 0.5%. What is the probability of being born with either
Flag question Down or Williams syndrome if the mother is aged 35, assuming the
two syndromes occur independent of each other and cases with
both Down and Williams syndrome have been reported?

Select one:
0.25

0.015

0.1

0.01

0.024

Check

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 Your answer is incorrect.
For two events, the probability that either will occur is the sum of
their probabilities, minus the probability that both will occur (if they
are not mutually exclusive i.e. they are not like toss of coin where
having a head means not having a tail or vice versa). This is
because a simple addition of two probabilities will result in the
shared probability (Down AND Williams) getting counted twice.
Hence the combined probability is subtracted from the sum of the
probabilities: p (Williams or Down) is = p (Williams) + p (Down) - p
(Down AND Williams). For events that are independent of each
other, as stated here, the probability that both will occur is the
product of their probabilities. So p (Down AND Williams) = 2%*0.5%
= 0.01% [note that the denominator had two 100s]. Then p (Down
OR Williams) = 2%+0.5% - 0.01% = 2.49%. If two conditions are
mutually exclusive such as coin toss, then the probability that either
one will occur is simply the sum of their probabilities. The closest
answer is 0.024.
The correct answer is: 0.024

Question 5 HiY Stats 051

Not answered In an acute admission ward, 25 patients are admitted. There are ten
patients with psychosis and 15 with neurosis. If one randomly
Marked out of 1
selects a patient the odds of him/her being psychotic is
Flag question

Select one:
(10/25)

(10/15)
150/25

Not enough information to calculate the odds

(15/25)

Check

Your answer is incorrect.

Odds = frequency of one event occurring / frequency of another
event. Probability = frequency of one event occurring / frequency of
all events of interest. Here odds of being psychotic are = 10/15. If

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 probability is asked then the probability of being psychotic = 10/25 =
2/5
The correct answer is: (10/15)

Question 6 HiY Stats 052

Not answered In an acute admission ward, 25 patients are admitted. If the odds of
a randomly selected patient being psychotic are 2/3, then the
Marked out of 1
probability of finding a psychotic patient from the sample is
Flag question

Select one:
(2/5)

(1/5)

(3/5)

(1/3)

Not enough information to calculate the probability

Check

Your answer is incorrect.

Odds = frequency of one event occurring / frequency of other event
Probability = frequency of one event occurring / frequency of all
events of interest The relationship between odds (O) and probability
(P) is P = O / (1+O) = (2/3) / (1 + 2/3) = 2/3 / ( 5/3) = 2/5
The correct answer is: (2/5)

Finish review

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