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Laura Casaban Oliver - Algorithms

The document explains computational thinking, emphasizing its components like decomposition, pattern recognition, abstraction, and algorithm formulation. It defines algorithms as precise, ordered, finite, concrete, and defined sets of instructions for problem-solving. Additionally, it discusses the importance of flowcharts and pseudocode in representing algorithms before coding.

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7 views2 pages

Laura Casaban Oliver - Algorithms

The document explains computational thinking, emphasizing its components like decomposition, pattern recognition, abstraction, and algorithm formulation. It defines algorithms as precise, ordered, finite, concrete, and defined sets of instructions for problem-solving. Additionally, it discusses the importance of flowcharts and pseudocode in representing algorithms before coding.

Uploaded by

laura.casaban
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PROGRAMMING

FUNDAMENTALS
1.​ What is computational thinking and what are its main components?
It is the thinking process that allows us to formulate or solve problems in the
world around us by using skills and techniques, such as ordered sequences of
instructions (algorithms), to arrive at a solution.
The main components are:
-​ Decomposition of a problem into smaller phases.
-​ Recognition of repetitive patterns.
-​ Abstraction of information irrelevant to the proposed problem.
-​ Written algorithms presented to solve the problem.

2.​ Define what an algorithm is and describe its main characteristics.


A computer algorithm is a defined, ordered and bounded set of instructions for
solving a problem, performing a computation or carrying out a task.
Algorithms have a number of common characteristics:
Precise: Objective, unambiguous.
Ordered: They present a clear and precise sequence to reach the solution.
Finite: They contain a determined number of steps.
Concrete: They offer a specific solution to the situation or problem posed.
Defined: The same algorithm must give the same result when given the same input.

3.​ Write the instructions of the algorithm to solve a first degree equation.
-​ Problem analysis.
-​ Identify the inputs, processes and outputs of the problem, declaration of
variables.
-​ Algorithm design.
-​ Algorithm coding.
-​ Execution and validation of the program.

4.​ Why is it important to represent an algorithm before writing a program in a


programming language?
Algorithms are very important in the world of computing as they allow the
programmer to solve the problem before writing it in a programming language
understood by the machine or computer. Before writing the code of a program, the
problem must be solved with an algorithm.
5.​ What is a flowchart and why are flowcharts used in programming and other
fields?
A flowchart is a diagram that describes a process, system or computer algorithm.
They are widely used in many fields to document, study, plan, improve and
communicate often complex processes in clear, easy-to-understand diagrams.

You can use a flowchart to explain in detail the logic behind a programme before you
start coding the automated process. It can help to organise an overview and provide
guidance when it comes time to code.

6.​ What is the difference between a flowchart and pseudocode?


Flowcharts are the most abstract, as they use symbols and text to represent the
main steps and logic of an algorithm. Pseudocode is less abstract, as it uses natural
language and some programming concepts to describe the details and logic of an
algorithm.

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