Scribd
Upload
29 views22 pages

CH-4 Tyres

Chapter 4 discusses the tire coordinate system, detailing the camber and sideslip angles that define tire orientation. It also covers tire stiffness, tireprint forces, and the distribution of normal stress on a stationary tire under load. The chapter emphasizes the importance of understanding these concepts for analyzing tire performance and behavior.

Uploaded by

getayedamtie9
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
29 views22 pages

CH-4 Tyres

Chapter 4 discusses the tire coordinate system, detailing the camber and sideslip angles that define tire orientation. It also covers tire stiffness, tireprint forces, and the distribution of normal stress on a stationary tire under load. The chapter emphasizes the importance of understanding these concepts for analyzing tire performance and behavior.

Uploaded by

getayedamtie9
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 22

Chapter 4: Tyres

By Muluken Tadesse, PhD.


(Asst. Professor)
FIGURE 3.1. A vertically loaded
stationary tire.
Tire Coordinate Frame and Tire Force System
 To
, we
attach a Cartesian coordinate
frame at the center of the
tireprint, as shown in Figure ,
assuming a flat and horizontal
ground.
 The x-axis is along the
intersection line of the tire- FIGURE . Tire coordinate system.
plane and the ground.
 Tire plane is the plane made by
narrowing the tire to a flat disk.
 The z-axis is perpendicular to the
ground, opposite to the gravitational
acceleration g, and
 The y-axis makes the coordinate
system a right-hand triad.

the tire orientation, use two


angles:
 camber angle “γ” and
 sideslip angle “α”.
The camber angle
is the

measured
about the x-axis.
• The camber angle can be
recognized better in a
front view as shown in Front view of a tire and measurment of the
camber angle.
Figure .
The sideslip angle ‘α’, or simply sideslip
 is the angle between the velocity vector ‘v’ and the x-
axis measured about the z-axis.
 The sideslip can be recognized better in a top view, as
shown in Figure.

Top view of a tire and


measurement of the
side slip angle.
Tyres…

SAE tire coordinate system.


6. Yaw moment Mz
It is an .
The if it tends to turn the tire
about the z-axis.
The yaw moment is also called the

The moment applied to the tire from the vehicle about the
tire axis is called .
Tyres…
Tire Stiffness Vs Tire Forces
 As an applied approximation, the can be
calculated as a of the normal tire deflection Δz
measured at the tire center.

The coefficient kz is called tire stiffness


in the z-direction.
Similarly, the reaction of a tire to a
can be
approximated by:

where the coefficient kx and ky are called tire stiffness in the x


and y directions.
Tireprint
• Is the contact area between a tire and the
road shown by AP .
• The tireprint is also called contact patch,
contact region, or tire footprint.
Tyres…
Tireprint Forces
• The force per unit area applied on a tire in

 The normal component is the contact pressure σz , while


 The tangential component can be further decomposed in
the x and y directions to make the longitudinal and lateral
shear stresses τ x and τ y .
• For a stationary tire under normal load, the
tireprint is symmetrical.
• Due to equilibrium conditions,
the overall integral of the normal stress over the
tireprint area AP must be equal to the normal
load Fz , and the integral of shear stresses must
be equal to zero.
Static Tire, Normal Stress
• The figure illustrates a stationary tire under a
normal load Fz along with the generated normal
stress σz applied on the ground.

Normal stress σz applied on the round because of a stationary tire under a normal load Fz .
• The applied loads on the tire are illustrated in the
side view shown in Figure.

Side view of a normal force Fz and stress σz applied on a stationary tire.


• For a stationary tire, the
shape of normal stress σz(x,
y) over the tireprint area
depends on tire and load
conditions, however its
distribution over the
tireprint is generally in the
shape shown in Figure. A model of normal stress σz(x, y)
in the tireprint area for a stationary
tire.
• The may be approximated by the
function

Where a and b indicate the


dimensions of the tireprint, as
shown.
The tireprints may approximately
be modeled by a mathematical
function
A mode for tireprint of stationary
radial tires under normal load.
For radial tires, n = 3 or n = 2 may be used,

while for non-radial tires n = 1 is a better approximation.


Tyres…

Normal stress in tireprint


 A car weighs 800 kg,
 If the tireprint of each radial tire is
AP = 4×a×b =4 × 5 cm× 12cm, then
the normal stress distribution
under each tire, σz, must satisfy
the equilibrium equation.

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy