MODERN TIMELINE 1744-48 – First Carnatic War – first big

English-French fight in India

1749-54 – Second Carnatic War – English
1498 – Vasco da Gama reaches Calicut – back right prince, gain power
first direct sea link between 1751 – Siege of Arcot – Robert Clive’s bold
Europe & India win shifts local loyalties
1509 – Battle of Diu – Portuguese win 1756 – Black Hole of Calcutta – prison
control of Indian Ocean trade tragedy used as war excuse
1510 – Portugal captures Goa – Goa 1757 – Battle of Plassey – English defeat
becomes their main base in India Bengal Nawab; British rule truly begins
1758-63 – Third Carnatic War – English
1600 – East India Company gets British push French out for good
charter – English start Indian trade
1608 – First English factory at Surat – 1761 – Third Battle of Panipat – Afghan
Company’s first foothold in India king crushes Marathas
1612 – Battle of Swally – English defeat 1764 – Battle of Buxar – Company beats
Portuguese; Mughal emperor lets them Bengal, Awadh, Mughal alliance
trade 1765 – Treaty of Allahabad – Company
1615 – Thomas Roe gets Mughal pass – gets right to collect Bengal taxes
tax-free trade for Company 1767-69 – First Anglo-Mysore War –
1639 – Fort St George founded – later city Hyder Ali holds off British
of Madras (Chennai) 1770 – Great Bengal Famine – 10 million
1664 – French East India Company die; Company blamed
formed – French enter Indian trade game 1773 – Regulating Act – British
1668 – Bombay handed to Company – Parliament takes first control of Company
grows into key British port 1774 – Supreme Court in Calcutta –
1686-90 – Child’s War – Mughal army English-style court set up
beats Company, fines them 1775-82 – First Anglo-Maratha War –
1690 – Job Charnock sets up Calcutta – ends without clear winner
future British capital 1780-84 – Second Anglo-Mysore War –
1717 – Mughal order allows duty-free see-saw fight with Hyder Ali, Tipu
trade in Bengal – Company profits soar 1784 – Pitt’s India Act – London creates
Board of Control over Company
1786 – Cornwallis reforms – new courts

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and police system pays heavy fine, loses territory
1790-92 – Third Anglo-Mysore War – Tipu 1848 – Doctrine of Lapse policy – states
loses half his land with no heir taken by British
1793 – Permanent Settlement – landlords 1848-49 – Second Anglo-Sikh War –
in Bengal get fixed tax; peasants suffer Punjab fully annexed
1799 – Fourth Anglo-Mysore War – Tipu 1853 – First railway (Bombay-Thane) &
killed; British dominate South telegraph; open exam for Indian Civil
Service
1802 – Treaty of Bassein – Peshwa accepts 1854 – Wood’s Dispatch – plan for modern
British “protection” education; cheap postage starts
1803-05 – Second Anglo-Maratha War – 1856 – Awadh annexed; Hindu Widow
British grab Delhi and more land Remarriage Act passed
1806 – Vellore Mutiny – early sepoy rising
over new uniforms 1857 – Revolt of 1857 – major sepoy &
1813 – Charter Act 1813 – ends Company civil uprising against British
trade monopoly; money set for edctn 1858 – Government of India Act – British
1814-16 – Anglo-Nepal War – Gurkhas Crown takes rule; Company dissolved
join British army later 1859 – Indigo revolt – Bengal farmers
1817-18 – Third Anglo-Maratha War – protest forced indigo growing
Marathas crushed; Britain rules all India 1860 – Indian Penal Code – common
1824-26 – First Anglo-Burmese War – criminal law still used today
Assam & Arakan annexed 1861 – Indian Councils Act – a few
1829 – Sati banned – big social reform by Indians join law-making body
Governor-General Bentinck 1863 – Satyendranath Tagore – first
1833 – Charter Act 1833 – Indian to clear Civil Service exam
Governor-General of India post; trade 1865 – Indian Forest Act – state controls
fully free forests
1835 – English Education Act – English 1872 – Civil Marriage Act – legal
made top teaching language inter-caste & widow remarriage
1838-42 – First Anglo-Afghan War – 1875 – Arya Samaj formed; Aligarh
British invasion ends in disaster College opens – twin social reforms
1843 – Battles of Miani & Dabo – Sindh 1878 – Vernacular Press Act – tight gag on
annexed Indian language newspapers
1845-46 – First Anglo-Sikh War – Punjab 1881 – First Factory Act – limits child

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labour hours councils to block laws from inside
1885 – Indian National Congress founded; 1925 – Kakori train robbery; RSS founded
Burma fully annexed next year 1927 – Simon Commission lands – “No
1892 – Indian Councils Act – Indians may Indians, go back” protests
discuss budget, ask questions 1928 – Nehru Report (first home-made
1894-95 – Birsa Munda revolt – big tribal constitution); Bardoli tax revolt victory
uprising in Jharkhand area 1929 – INC demands full independence
1897 – Plague; tough Epidemic Diseases from 26 Jan 1930
Act 1930 – Salt March starts Civil
1905 – Partition of Bengal – sparks Disobedience Movement; Round Table
Swadeshi (boycott foreign goods) talks in London
movement 1931 – Gandhi-Irwin Pact; Karachi
1906 – Muslim League founded – political Resolution states Fundamental Rights
voice for Muslims 1932 – British give Depressed Classes
1907 – INC splits at Surat – Moderates vs separate electorates; Poona Pact changes it
Extremists to reserved seats
1909 – Morley-Minto Reforms – Muslims 1935 – Government of India Act –
get separate electorates provincial self-rule starts; federation plan
1911 – Capital moves from Calcutta to never applied
Delhi; Bengal partition cancelled 1937 – Elections – Congress forms
1913 – Ghadar Party set up in USA – plan ministries in most provinces
for armed revolt 1939 – World War II; Congress quits
1914-18 – World War I – over a million ministries in protest
Indian soldiers fight abroad 1940 – Lahore Resolution – Muslim
1916 – Home Rule Leagues; Lucknow Pact League demands Pakistan; August Offer
unites INC & League from Viceroy fails
1917 – Champaran Satyagraha – Gandhi 1942 – Cripps Mission offer rejected; Quit
wins for indigo farmers India Movement – “Do or Die”
1919 – Rowlatt Act; Jallianwala Bagh 1943 – Bengal Famine kills millions; INA
massacre; Government of India Act brings fights alongside Japanese
“diarchy” 1946 – Royal Indian Navy mutiny;
1920-22 – Non-Cooperation Movement; Cabinet Mission Plan; Interim Govt led by
halted after Chauri Chaura violence Nehru
1923 – Swaraj Party enters colonial 1947 – Mountbatten Plan accepts
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partition; Indian Independence Act; India
& Pakistan born on 15 August 1947

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