The internet is a global network that connects millions of private, public, academic, business, and

government networks. It uses a standardized communication protocol, known as TCP/IP (Transmission

Control Protocol/Internet Protocol), to enable data exchange across different systems and devices.
Advantages of the Internet: - Access to Information: Easy access to vast amounts of information. -
Communication: Facilitates quick communication via email, video calls, and social media. - Online
Services: Allows online shopping, banking, and other services. - Education: Provides access to online
learning platforms and resources. - Entertainment: Access to music, movies, and games.

WWW stands for the World Wide Web. It is a system of interlinked hypertext documents and
multimedia content accessed via the internet. It is a part of the internet that allows users to browse
websites using a web browser.

Internet: A vast network that connects millions of devices worldwide, providing public access to
information, services, and communication. Extranet: A private network that allows controlled access
to external users, often used by businesses to provide partners, vendors, or customers with access to
certain data or services.

A dial-up connection is an internet connection that uses a telephone line to establish a connection to
the internet. It is relatively slow compared to modern broadband technologies, typically offering
speeds of up to 56 kbps.

Types of internet connections are:- 1)Dial-up Connection: A slow connection that uses a telephone line
to connect to the internet. 2)Broadband Connection: A high-speed internet connection that uses
cable, DSL, fiber optics, or satellite. 3)Fiber-optic Connection: High-speed internet using light signals
transmitted over fiber cables. 4)Satellite Connection: Internet access provided via satellites; ideal for
remote areas. 5)Mobile Data: Internet access through mobile networks (e.g., 3G, 4G, 5G).

INTERNET: A global network that connects millions of devices and allows for the sharing of data and
services. INTRANET: A private network within an organization used for secure internal communication
and resource sharing. EXTRANET: A private network that allows controlled access to external users,
typically business partners or customers, to share specific information.

Internet Protocol (IP) is a set of rules that governs the addressing and routing of data packets
between devices on a network. It ensures that data sent over the internet or other networks reaches
the correct destination.

- TCP (Transmission Control Protocol): Reliable, connection-oriented, ensures data delivery, and
suitable for accuracy-dependent applications. - UDP (User Datagram Protocol): Unreliable,
connectionless, no data guarantee, used in real-time applications. - FTP (File Transfer Protocol):
Used for transferring files between a client and server. - HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol): A
protocol for transferring web pages and resources.

ISP (Internet Service Provider) is a company or organization that provides individuals and businesses
with access to the internet, offering services like broadband, email, and web hosting.

- Hashtag: A word or phrase preceded by '#' used on social media to categorize and search
forcontent. - IRC: Internet Relay Chat, a protocol for real-time communication on the internet.
HTML (HyperText Markup Language) is the standard language used to create and design webpages.
It provides the basic structure of a webpage using markup tags. Features of HTML: - Easy to learn
and use. - Platform-independent. - Provides multimedia integration (audio, video, images). - Allows
creating hyperlinks. - Structure-based (head, body, etc.)

- href: The href (Hypertext Reference) attribute is used in anchor tags (<a>) to specify the URL of
the page the link goes to. - src: The src (source) attribute is used in image tags (<img>) to specify
the path to the image.

The anchor tag (<a>) is used to create hyperlinks, allowing users to navigate between different pages
or websites. The href attribute within the anchor tag specifies the destination URL.

<b>, <i>, <u>, <strike>, <sup> superscript text, <sub> subscript text, <strong> represents important
text typically bold, <em>: Represents emphasized text (typically italic).

HTML elements:- <div> defines a division or section, <p> represents a paragraph, <h1> to <h6>
represents headings, <a> represents a hyperlink, <img> embeds an image, <ul>,<ol>,<li> used for
unordered and ordered lists, <table>,<tr>,<td>: Used for creating tables.

Advantages of HTML: - Simple and easy to learn. - Open standard, widely used. - Supports
multimedia integration. - Platform-independent. - Allows easy hyperlinking to other documents.

Disadvantages of HTML: - Limited in terms of design and interactivity (requires CSS and
JavaScript). - Not suitable for creating complex applications. - No built-in support for dynamic
content.

The <caption> tag is used to provide a title or a description for a <table> element. It is placed
directly after the <table> tag.

cellpadding: It is the space between the content of a cell and the cell's border. It is used within the
<table> tag. cellspacing: It is the space between the individual cells in a table. It is used to set the
spacing between the borders of adjacent cells.

GET: Sends data in the URL and is used to request data from a server. It is visible to the user and
limited in size. POST: Sends data as part of the HTTP request body and is used to submit data to
the server. It is not visible in the URL and has a higher capacity.

The <input> tag is used to create interactive controls in a form, allowing users to enter data. The
type attribute specifies the kind of input element: 1)text: Single-line text input. 2)password:
Password input, hides the entered text. 3)radio: Radio button for selecting a single option from a
group. 4)checkbox: Checkbox for selecting multiple options. 5)email: Email input field with validation.
6)submit: Button to submit the form.

Web publishing is the process of creating and maintaining websites, which involves uploading content to
the web using technologies like HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. It includes the management of text,
images, video, and interactive features on the web.

CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) is a language used to describe the look and feel of a webpage. It
defines the layout, colors, fonts, spacing, and other visual aspects of a webpage.
JavaScript is a programming language used to create dynamic and interactive effects on websites. It
allows web pages to update content without refreshing the page and is often used for tasks such as
form validation, animations, and event handling.

A domain name is the address of a website on the internet, such as www.example.com. It is used to
identify a specific location on the web and is mapped to an IP address.

SEO (Search Engine Optimization) is the practice of optimizing a website to improve its visibility on
search engines like Google. It involves techniques such as keyword research, content optimization, and
improving website structure.

Website hosting is the service that provides the infrastructure and resources to store and serve a
website's files over the internet. Hosting services make websites accessible on the web. Name one
free and one paid hosting service. 1)Free hosting service: WordPress.com 2)Paid hosting service:
Bluehost

Two common website structures are hierarchical structure (where pages are organized in a tree-like
structure) and sequential structure (where pages are linked in a linear manner, such as a step-by-
step process).

A CMS (Content Management System) is software that enables users to create, manage, andmodify
content on a website without the need for specialized technical knowledge. Examples include
WordPress, Joomla, and Drupal.

Que Describe website structure, web page titles, themes, and methods of publishing.

Website structure refers to the arrangement of content on a website, typically organized into
categories or sections like the homepage, about page, and product pages. Web page titles are HTML
tags that describe the content of the page and appear on the browser tab. Themes determine the
visual appearance and layout of a website, typically using CSS. Methods of publishing a website
include uploading the website files to a web server via FTP or using a content management system
(CMS) for publishing and managing content.

Que Explain the concept of Web Publishing. Discuss its key components, various methods, and the
steps involved in creating a website.

Web publishing is the process of creating, managing, and maintaining a website. Key components
include HTML (for structure), CSS (for styling), and JavaScript (for interactivity). Methods of web
publishing include manual coding using text editors or using website builders or CMS platforms. The
steps involved in creating a website are: planning the site structure, designing the layout, coding the
content using HTML and CSS, adding interactivity with JavaScript, and finally, hosting the website on
a web server for public access.