DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,

BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL

विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

Syllabus of B.A. LL.B (Hons) Programme

Vision of the Department.....................................................................................................................................4
Mission of the Department..................................................................................................................................4
Programme Outcomes of undergraduate B.A.LL.B programme............................................................. 5
Programme Specific Outcomes of undergraduate B.A.LL.B programme............................................. 6
General Instructions..............................................................................................................................................7
BA LLB I YEAR I SEMESTER..................................................................................................................................8
Subject 1: Law of Torts (Including Consumer Protection Act and Motor Vehicle Act)........................... 8
Subject 2: Sociology- I (Minor) (Introduction to Sociology)........................................................................... 10
Subject 3: Political science –I (Major)....................................................................................................................... 11
Subject 4: Economics –I (Minor)................................................................................................................................. 12
Subject 5: General English-I...........................................................................................................................................13
Subject 6: Law of Contract –I........................................................................................................................................ 14
BA LLB I YEAR II SEMESTER..............................................................................................................................16
Subject 1: Sociology II...................................................................................................................................................... 16
Subject 2: Political Science - II (Major).....................................................................................................................18
Subject 3: Constitution – I.............................................................................................................................................. 19
Subject 4: General English –II....................................................................................................................................... 20
Subject 5: Economics –II (Minor)................................................................................................................................22
Subject 6: Special Contract.............................................................................................................................................23
BA LLB II YEAR III SEMESTER.......................................................................................................................... 26
Subject 1: Political Science – III (Major)...................................................................................................................26
Subject 2: Jurisprudence.................................................................................................................................................27
Subject 3: Legal Language/Legal Writing including General English..........................................................29
Subject 4: Constitution - II..............................................................................................................................................31
Subject 5: Family Law- I (Hindu Law)....................................................................................................................... 32
Subject 6: Sociology - III..................................................................................................................................................34
BA LLB II YEAR IV SEMESTER...........................................................................................................................35
Subject 1: Company Law.................................................................................................................................................35
Subject 2: Language I (Hindi)....................................................................................................................................... 37
Subject 3: Political Science – IV (Representative Political Thinkers and Ideology).............................. 39
Subject 4: Economics III (Macro Economics).........................................................................................................41
Subject 5: Family Law-II (Muslim Law)....................................................................................................................42
Subject 6: Administrative Law......................................................................................................................................43
BA LLB III year V Semester.............................................................................................................................. 44

1
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

Subject 1: Labour and Industrial Laws - I................................................................................................................44

Subject 2: Law of crimes-I (Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita 2023)........................................................................... 47
Subject 3: Environmental Law......................................................................................................................................49
Subject 4: Hindi-II.............................................................................................................................................................. 51
Subject 5. Comparative Government and Politics (Political Science- V).................................................... 52
Subject 6: Intellectual Property Law......................................................................................................................... 53
BA LLB III year VI Semester............................................................................................................................. 57
Subject 1: Law of Crimes II (Bhartiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita 2023)....................................................57
Subject 2: Hindi-III............................................................................................................................................................ 60
Subject 3: Moot Court (Clinical Course)................................................................................................................... 61
Subject 4: International Relations and Organisation (Political Science – VI).......................................... 66
Subject 5: Interpretation of Statutes..........................................................................................................................67
Subject 6: Labour and Industrial Law- II................................................................................................................. 69
BA LLB IV YEAR VII SEMESTER........................................................................................................................ 72
Subject 1: Forensic Science............................................................................................................................................ 72
Subject 2: Property Law.................................................................................................................................................. 73
Subject 3: Media and Law...............................................................................................................................................74
Subject 4: Code of Civil Procedure and Limitation Act...................................................................................... 75
Subject 5: Drafting, Pleading and Conveyancing (Clinical Course)...............................................................77
B.A.LL.B. IV Year VIII semester........................................................................................................................ 79
Subject 1: Bhartiya Sakshya Adhiniyam 2023....................................................................................................... 79
Subject 2: Gender Justice and Feminist Jurisprudence......................................................................................81
Subject 3: Health Law.......................................................................................................................................................83
Subject 4: Professional Ethics and Accounting System......................................................................................84
Subject 5: Comparative Constitutional Law............................................................................................................85
BA LLB V Year IX semester................................................................................................................................ 87
Subject 1: Local Self Govt................................................................................................................................................87
Subject 2. Taxation.............................................................................................................................................................88
Subject 3: Offence Against Child.................................................................................................................................. 89
Subject 4: Criminology and Penology........................................................................................................................90
Subject 5: Alternative Dispute Resolution (Clinical Course)...........................................................................91
BA LLB V Year X semester................................................................................................................................. 96
Subject 1: Public International Law........................................................................................................................... 96
Subject 2: Right to Information................................................................................................................................. 100
Subject 3: Land Laws including Tenure and Tenancy system. (Optional)...............................................103
Subject 4: Indirect Taxation (Optional)................................................................................................................. 106

2
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

Subject 5: Women And Criminal Law (Optional)...............................................................................................108

Subject 6: Information Technology Law (Optional)......................................................................................... 109
Subject 7: International Environmental Law (Optional)................................................................................111
Subject 8: Comparative criminal Procedure (Optional)................................................................................. 113
Subject 9: Human Rights Law & Practice.............................................................................................................. 114

3
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

Vision of the Department

To achieve the pinnacle in the field of Legal education, to impart professional legal education
to transform the students, and provide a platform for intellectual growth to.the Research
professionals.

Mission of the Department

The mission of the Department of Legal Studies and Research is to impart comprehensive
Legal education that aims at dealing with issues which are socially relevant and also
contemporarily prevalent.
The mission of the department is to become an excellence oriented centre for
students, scholars and the teachers to enable their intellectual stimulation which will in turn
result in making the department an epitome of Legal education.

4
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

Programme Outcomes of undergraduate B.A.LL.B

programme
1. Legal Knowledge: Demonstrate the knowledge and understanding of the
Substantive and Procedural Laws and thereby applying the legal knowledge to the
complex Socio-legal problems
2. Communication Professional Skills: To possess professional and effective
communication skills required for legal practice such as drafting, pleadings,
argumentation, conveyancing, presentation, pedagogy etc.
3. Professional Practice: to make students eligible to practise in Courts, Industries,
Companies as legal practitioners.
4. Professional Ethics: To understand and apply principles of professional ethics,
responsibilities, and norms of the legal profession.
5. Legal research & legal reasoning: To develop legal research skills & legal reasoning
and apply it during programme & in Legal practice.
6. Problem Analysis and development of solution: Identify, formulate, research,
review literature, and analyse complex legal problems to design legal solutions.
7. Modern Tool Usage: To utilise, learn, and incorporate latest techniques, resources,
IT tools, and other modern technologies into the legal profession.
8. The Law and Society: To understand the interdisciplinary nature of law and relate it
with other disciplines like humanities, social sciences, management, technology, etc.,
to assess societal, safety, legal, and cultural issues; and the consequent
responsibilities and roles of legal professionals arising thereof.
9. Individual and leadership skills: To provide a platform of self-employability by
developing professional skills in legal industry as well as development of leadership
skills to act as a member or leader in diverse teams and roles.
10. Life-long learning: To develop an attitude of self-reflection to recognize the need for
the ability to engage in independent and life-long learning in view of the constantly
changing societal and legal contexts.
11. Environment and sustainability: To encourage use of legal knowledge for
environmental protection and a sustainable future.

5
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

Programme Specific Outcomes of undergraduate

B.A.LL.B programme
At the end of the program,A graduate of this degree:
1. PSO 1: Should have a firm grasp of the fundamentals of economics, politics, sociology,
history, and the connection between these disciplines and the legal system.
2. PSO 2: Should have advanced knowledge of the law and familiarity with fundamental
legal theories, ideas, institutions, dispute resolution procedures, and legislation in the
broader socio-economic and political environment
3. PSO 3: Should have the potential to read, comprehend, and interpret legal texts with
objectivity and circumstances; the ability to analyse facts, determine the issues, and
thereby utilise the law; the ability to engage in higher-level critical thinking; the
ability to identify the legal lacunas and suggest changes for legal reform.
4. PSO 4: Should have the ability to act truthfully, vigilantly, and transparently in all
professional endeavours; a dedication to equity and justice under all circumstances;
an appreciation and respect for diversity, equality of the sexes, and multiple cultures;
and the skills of a skilled and etiquette in the courtroom.

6
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

General Instructions
1. For all subjects, unless specified otherwise, the evaluation pattern is divided into 80
marks for the external examination and 20 marks for internal evaluation. The
minimum passing marks are 32 for the external exam and 8 for the internal
evaluation. Evaluation Pattern:
Evaluation Component Total Marks Minimum Passing Marks

External Examination 80 32

Internal Evaluation 20 8

Total 100 40
2. No separate approval or revision is required for incorporating the latest acts,
amendments, and case laws into the respective subjects. Up-to-date legal
jurisprudence is to be taught continuously.
3. In every subject, the curriculum will incorporate landmark judgments and the latest
judgments to ensure students are exposed to the evolving legal landscape and judicial
interpretations.
4. Continuous assessment through assignments, quizzes, presentations, class
participation, and any other modes will form part of the internal evaluation.
5. Students are expected to adhere to the highest standards of academic integrity.
Plagiarism, cheating, and other forms of academic misconduct will not be tolerated
and will result in disciplinary action as per university policies.
6. Timely submission of assignments and projects is mandatory. Late submissions may
attract penalties unless prior approval for extension is obtained.
7. Practical training, including Moot Courts, Mock trials, Lok Adalat visits, and Clinical
Legal Education, is a crucial component of the program. Students must complete the
required hours of practical training as specified in the curriculum.
8. Students are expected to conduct themselves professionally and ethically at all times.
Respect for faculty, staff, and fellow students is mandatory.
9. Dress code, behaviour, and classroom etiquette must be adhered to as per university
norms.
10. The university reserves the right to amend the syllabus, evaluation patterns, and
general instructions as deemed necessary. Any changes will be communicated to the
students in a timely manner.
11. The edition of textbooks listed in this syllabus is indicative. Students are required to
refer to the latest edition of the prescribed textbooks unless otherwise specified.

7
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

BA LLB I YEAR I SEMESTER

Subject 1: Law of Torts (Including Consumer Protection Act and
Motor Vehicle Act)
Course Outcomes: On successful completion of this module, learners will be able:
CO 1: To identify the origins and functions of tort law
CO 2: To demonstrate a specialised knowledge of the fundamental doctrines and principles
of the law of torts and the characteristics of specific torts.
CO 3: To demonstrate an understanding of the inter-relationship between tort and the other
branches of law particularly contract and constitutional law.
CO 4: To demonstrate a foundation knowledge of the remedies available in tort and the legal
underpinnings behind them.
CO 5: To apply basic tort law principles to practical, abstract factual situations arising in a
legal context.

Syllabus
Unit 1: Introduction to the Law of Torts
1. Nature and Definition of Torts
○ Definition and scope
○ Distinction between torts, contracts, and crimes
○ Historical development of tort law in India
2. General Principles of Liability in Torts
○ Fault, wrongful intent, negligence
○ Strict and absolute liability
○ Vicarious liability
3. Justification and Defences in Tort
○ Volenti non fit injuria
○ Inevitable accident
○ Act of God
○ Necessity
○ Private and public defence
○ Statutory authority
○ Doctrine of Sovereign Immunity and its Relevance in India
Unit 2: Specific Torts
1. Trespass to Person
○ Assault
○ Battery
○ False imprisonment
2. Trespass to Property
○ Trespass to land

8
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

○ Trespass to goods
○ Conversion
3. Defamation
○ Libel and slander
○ Essentials of defamation
○ Defences to defamation
4. Nuisance
○ Public and private nuisance
○ Legal remedies for nuisance
5. Negligence
○ Essentials of negligence
○ Duty of care
○ Breach of duty
○ Damage
○ Contributory negligence
Unit 3: Law relating to Consumer Protection.
1. Introduction to Consumer Protection Law
2. Consumer Rights and Redressal Mechanisms
3. Procedure for Filing Complaints
4. Unfair Trade Practices and Restrictive Trade Practices
5. Recent Amendments and Case Laws
Unit 4: Law relating to Motor vehicle laws.
1. Introduction to Motor Vehicles Law
2. Regulation of Motor Vehicles
3. Liability and Compensation
4. Offences and Penalties
5. Road Safety and Traffic Management

Suggested readings
1. 20th edn., W.V.H. Rogers, Winfield & Jolowicz on Tort (Sweet & Maxwell) (2020).
2. R.F.V.Heuston and R.A. Buckley, Salmond & Heuston on The Law of Torts (MPP House)
(2022)
3. 29th edn., Akshay Sapre , Ratanlal & Dhirajlal The Law of Torts (LexisNexis)(2023).
4. 4th edn., Dr. Harpreet Kaur Dr. Avtar Singh, Introduction To The Law Of Torts And
Consumer Protection (LexisNexis) (2020).
5. 24th edn., Dr.R.K.Bangia's LAW OF TORTS including Compensation under the Motor
Vehicles Act and Consumer Protection Act (Allahabad Law Agency) (2019).
6. डॉ जय नारायण पाण्डेय , अपकृत्य विधि एवं उपभोगता संरक्षण अधिनियम (सेंट्रल लॉ
पब्लिकेशंस)(२०१७)।
7. एम एन शक् ु ला, , अपकृत्य विधि उपभोगता संरक्षण अधिनियम एवं मोटर यान अधिनियम के
अन्तर्गत क्षतिपर्ति
ू सेंट्रल लॉ पब्लिकेशंस)(२०२२)

9
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

Subject 2: Sociology- I (Minor) (Introduction to Sociology)

Course Outcomes: On successful completion of this module, learners will be able:
CO 1: To know the contributions of founding fathers of Sociology in developing sociology as
an academic discipline.
CO 2: To understand and to objectively interpret the role of social processes, social
institutions, social change, and social interactions in their lives.
CO 3: To understand Sociological Methods and its significance in Social Research.
CO 4: To know the relation between Sociology and law.

Syllabus

UNIT 1
● Sociology: The Sociological Perspective.
● Scientific and Humanistic orientation to Sociological study
● Relevance of Sociology to Law
UNIT 2
● The Sociological Methods Positivism and Phenomenology
● Data, Concept and Theory.
● Objectivity, Generalizations and Validity;
UNIT 3
● Basic concepts: Society, Culture, Group, Social Structure and Function, Institution,
● Association, Status and Role, Norms and Values, etc.
UNIT 4
● Basic Social Institutions: Family and Kinship; Religion, Socialization and Education;
● Defence; Economy.
UNIT 5
● Social Processes: Cooperation and Conflict;
● Social Stratification;
● Social Control: Order and Stability;
● Social Change: Types, Factors and Theories;

Suggested readings
1. T B Bottomore, Sociology A guide to problems and literature (Routledge) (2019).
2. 8th edn., Michael Haralambos & Martin Holborn, Sociology Themes and Perspectives
(Collins Publications)(2014)
3. Richard T Schaenter, and Robert P. Lamm, Sociology (McGraw Hill)(1998).
4. Vidya Bhushan & D.R.Sachdeva, Introduction to Sociology (Kitab Mahal) (2014).
5. Yogendra Singh, Indian sociology Social conditioning and emerging trends (Vistaar
Publications) (1986).
6. Uberoi Patria, Family, Kinship and Marriage in India (Oxford University Press)(1997).

10
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

Subject 3: Political science –I (Major)

Course Outcomes: On successful completion of this module, learners will be able:
CO1: To analyse the nature, scope and importance of Political Science and understand the
traditional and the modern approaches to the study of Political Science. To acquaint the
students with the relation between Political Science and Law.
CO2: To assess the theories of the origin of state: social contract, historical, and evolutionary.
CO3: To critically examine the theories of Sovereignty: Monistic and Pluralistic.
CO4: To understand the meaning of power, authority and legitimacy.
CO5: To provide an in-depth knowledge of the concepts of Liberty, Equality, Rights, Law and
Justice.

Syllabus

Unit I
● Political Science - Definition, Nature, Scope behaviourism.
● Relation between Political Science and Law.
Unit II
● Meaning of State, Social Contract and Evolutionary theory, Sovereignty, Austin’s
theory
● of Sovereignty, Pluralistic attack of Sovereignty.
Unit III
● Power, Authority and Legitimacy.
Unit IV
● Rights, Theories of Rights and Duties.
Unit V
● Law, Liberty, Equality, Rule of Law.

Suggested readings
1. V.D Mahajan, Political Theory (S Chand Publications)(2006).
2. S.R. Myneni, Political Science (Allahabad Law Agency) (2021).
3. R.C.Agarwal, Political Theory (S Chand Publications)(2004).
4. Pukhraj Jain, Rajniti Vigyan (SBPD Publishing House)(2021)
5. Dr. B.L. Fadiya & Dr. Kuldeep Fadia, Bhartiya Shasan Evam Rajniti (Sahitya Bhawan)
(2020).
6. Dr.Eddy Asirvatham and K K. Mishra, Political Theory (S Chand Publications)(2010).

11
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

Subject 4: Economics –I (Minor)

Course Outcomes: On successful completion of this module, learners will be able:
CO1: To understand the fundamentals of microeconomics & get an introduction to supply
and demand and the basic forces that determine equilibrium in market economy.
CO2: To learn about consumer behaviour and analyse consumer decisions & to study
firms and their decision about optimal production.
CO3: To solve basic microeconomics problems and use the fundamental techniques to
think about several policy questions related to the operation of the real economy.
CO4: To understand introductory microeconomics theory in local, regional and
international scenarios and get an introduction to supply and demand and the basic
forces that determine equilibrium in market economy.
Syllabus
Unit 1: Introduction
● Definition and scope of economics
● Approach of economics inductive and deductive method positive and normative
science
● Demand analysis: law of demand, elasticity of demand, types and measurement law
of supply
Unit 2: Consumer behaviour
● Concept of utility ,wants ,desire
● Characteristics of Wants
● Law of diminishing marginal utility, law of equi marginal utility
Unit 3: Production function
● Factor of production and their characteristics
● Law of variable proportion, return to scale
● Concepts of cost and revenue-Cost and revenue curves
Unit 4: Product pricing
● Market and their characteristics
● Types of market perfect and imperfect competition market
● Price and output determination under perfect competition market
● price and output determination under imperfect competition market
Unit 5: Theories of factor of production
● Theories of Rent: Ricardian and modern theory

12
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

● Theories of wages: Iron law of wages, marginal productivity theory and modern theory
● Theories of interest: Keynes liquidity preference theory ,modern theory of interest
● Theories of profit: knight, JB Clark, Schumpeter

Subject 5: General English-I

Course Outcomes: On successful completion of this module, learners will be able:
CO 1: To understand the basic principles of grammar for effective communicative skills
CO 2:To make inferences and predictions based on comprehension.
CO 3: To heighten their awareness of correct usage of English Grammar in writing and
speaking.
CO 4: To strengthen their ability to write presentations, legal essays, and other legal
documents.
CO 5: To attain and enhance competence in the four modes of literacy : writing, speaking,
reading and comprehending.
Syllabus
Unit I: Grammar: Clause and phrase Structure
a) Parts of Speech
b) Sentences and its kinds
c) Tenses
d) Modals
Unit II: Usages of Grammar
a) Subject–verb agreement
b) Orders of words: Sentence structure
c) Idioms and Phrases
d) Transformation of Sentence
e) Spotting common errors
Unit III: Introduction to Reading skills
a) Reading Comprehension, principles and practice
b) Four modes of reading
c) Techniques to increase reading speed
d) Critical and Fluent reading skills: introduction
e) Reading exercise –Stress, accent and intonation with emphasis of clarity of speech
Unit IV: Introduction to Writing skills
a) Note making and note taking
b) Paragraph writing
c)Formal correspondence
d) Informal correspondence
Unit V: Introduction to Report writing

13
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

a) Types of Reports
b) Salient features of report
c)Drafting of report, viz. Crime reporting, court case reporting , accident reporting
and eye
witness reporting
d)Meeting, Kinds of meeting, Minutes of meeting

Suggested Readings
1. R K Bansal and J B Harrison. Spoken English for India: A Manual of Speech and
Phonetics (Orient Blackswan)(1983).
2. S Pit Corder, An Intermediate English Practice Book (Orient Longman)(1996).
3. S.C.Tripathi, Legal Language,Legal Writing and General English (Central Law
Publications)(2020).
4. Thomson and Martinet, A practical English Grammar (OUP)(1997).
5. Wren and Martin, English Grammar and Composition (S. Chand Publications) (2023).
6. William Shakespeare, The Merchant of Venice (Act–IV, the court scene)
7. BM Gandhi, Legal Language and Legal Writing (EBC Publications) (2009).
8. Raymond Murphy, Intermediate English Grammar (Cambridge University
Press)(2018).
9. M.K. Gandhi, The Story of my Life(Navajivan Publishing House Ahmedabad) (1955).
10. M.K. Gandhi, The Law and Lawyers (Navajivan Publishing House Ahmedabad)(1999).

Subject 6: Law of Contract –I

Course Outcomes: On successful completion of this module, learners will be able:
CO 1: To develop an intricate understanding of Contract & specific relief act and thereby its
application in the commercial & business transactions.
CO 2: To identify the relevant legal issues that arise on a given set of facts in the area of
contract law
CO 3: To understand the statutes and develop the ability to interpret them.

Syllabus
UNIT I
1.History and nature of contractual obligations.
2.Agreement and contract: definitions, elements and kinds of contract.
3.Proposal and acceptance.
4.Consideration.
UNIT-II
Capacity to contract
1.Free consent
2. Undue Influence
3. Misrepresentation

14
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

4. Fraud
5.Mistake
6.Unlawful considerations and objects
7. Fraudulent
UNIT-III
1.Injurious to person or property.
2. Immoral.
3.Against public policy.
4.Void and voidable agreements.
5.Contract without consideration.
6.Agreements in restraint of marriage.
7.Wagering contract and its exceptions.
UNIT-IV
1.Contractual obligations remedies
2.Damages; remoteness of damages, and ascertainment of damages.
3.Government Contracts
4. Law relating to Electronic Contracts.
UNIT-V
Specific Relief Act.
1.Specific performance of contract.
2.Contract that can be specifically enforced & that cannot be enforced.
3. Persons against whom specific enforcement can be ordered.
4. Rescission and cancellation.
5. Injunctions: Temporary, Perpetual.
6. Declaratory orders.
7. Discretion and powers of court.

Suggested Readings
1. The Indian Contract Act, 1872.
2. The Specific Relief Act, 1963.
3. The Indian Majority Act, 1875.
4. The Information Technology Act, 2000
5. 16th edn., R Yashod Vardhan & Chitra Narayan eds., Pollock & Mulla, Indian Contract
& Specific Relief Act (LexisNexis) (2019).
6. 28th edn., J. Beatson, Anson’s Law of Contract (OUP)(2002).
7. 11th edn., H.K. Saharay, Dutt on Contract – The Indian Contract Act, 1872 (Eastern
Law House)(2019).
8. 13th edn., Rajesh Kapoor, Avtar Singh’s Contract and Specific Relief (Eastern Book
Company) (2024).
9. Sachin Rastogi, Insights into E-Contracts in India (LexisNexis)(2013).
10. R K Singh, Law Relating to Electronic Contracts (LexisNexis)(2013).

15
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

BA LLB I YEAR II SEMESTER

Subject 1: Sociology II
Course Outcomes: On successful completion of this module, learners will be able:
CO 1: To Explain how major Sociological perspectives view Indian Society.
CO 2: To cultivate successful interactions among people of diverse racial and ethnic
backgrounds.
CO 3: To Explain the theoretical aspect of Indian Society.

16
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

CO 4: To compare and to interface between present and past Colonial impact in India
CO 5: To explain Changing occupational Structures and its impact on social stratification
CO 6: To discuss issues of nationalism development and globalisation
CO 7: To cope effectively with the socio-cultural and interpersonal processes of a constantly
changing complex society.
CO 8: To understand and analyse the key concepts of Hinduism, Jainism, Buddhism, Islam
and impact of these religions on society.
CO 9: To realise the basic issues of Indian society like unity in diversity, problems of
nationalism, Secularism and Communalism

Syllabus

UNIT 1
The structure and composition of Indian society: Socio-cultural profile ethnic and cultural
diversity, characteristic features of Indian society

UNIT 2
Indian society: The textual and the field view of Indian society, the significance of the old
view the interface between the present and the past Colonial impact

UNIT 3
Tribes and scheduled Caste: characteristic features of tribal and caste society. Problems of
tribal people. Problems of schedule caste Issues of identity and development

UNIT 4
Changing occupational structure and its impact on social stratification-Class, Caste, Tribes
and Gender, Issues of marginalisation, inclusion, backwardness, poverty and inequality
Social problems.

UNIT5
Sociology as a critique of society. Issues of nationalism, development and globalisation.

Suggested Readings
1. Nirmal Kumar Bose Culture and Society in India Bombay (Asia Publishing House)
(1967).
2. Shyama Charan Dube, Indian Society (National Book Trust) (1992).
3. Shyama Charan Dube, Indian Village (Taylor & Francis)(2012).
4. Irawati Karve, Hindu Society: An Interpretation (Poona Deccan College)(1961).
5. David Goodman Mandelbaum, Society in India: Change and Continuity (Popular
Prakashan)(1970).
6. M.N. Srinivas, India Social Structure (Hindustan Publishing Corporation) (1980).

17
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

7. Yogendra Singh, Modernization of Indian Tradition (Delhi Thomson Press)(1973).

8. Alfred D Souza, The Indian City, Poverty Ecology and Urban development (Manohar
Publishing)(1978).
9. P R Desouza ed., Contemporary India Transitions (Sage Publications) (2000).
10. Mahbub ul Haq, Reflections on Human Development (O.U.P) (1996).
11. Andre Beteille, Six Essays in Comparative Sociology (O.U.P)(1975).

Subject 2: Political Science - II (Major)

Course Outcomes: On successful completion of this module, learners will be able:
CO 1: To enable the students to understand democracy and the concept of welfare and
developing state.
CO 2: To assess the theory of separation of powers and the types of Constitution.
CO 3: To provide an in-depth study of the working and importance of the three organs of
Government-Legislature,Executive and Judiciary.
CO 4:To critically examine the various forms of Government-Democracy and Dictatorship,
Parliamentary and Presidential.
CO 5: To evaluate the role of political parties and pressure groups.
CO 6: To analyse the purpose and importance of public opinion and women empowerment.

Syllabus

Unit I
Democracy meaning, types and theories, principles of representation,
developing and welfare state.
Unit II
Theory of Separation of Powers, Constitution meaning and types.
Unit III
Legislature, Executive and Judiciary
Unit lV
Types of Government, Dictatorship, Parliamentary and Presidential
Unit V
Unitary and Federal, party system, pressure groups, women’s empowerment, public opinion.

18
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

Suggested readings
1. V.D Mahajan, Political Theory (S Chand Publications)(2006).
2. S.R. Myneni, Political Science (Allahabad Law Agency) (2021).
3. R.C.Agarwal, Political Theory (S Chand Publications)(2004).
4. Pukhraj Jain, Rajniti Vigyan (SBPD Publishing House)(2021)
5. Dr. B.L. Fadiya & Dr. Kuldeep Fadia, Bhartiya Shasan Evam Rajniti (Sahitya Bhawan)
(2020).
6. Dr. Eddy Asirvatham and K K. Mishra, Political Theory (S Chand Publications)(2010).

Subject 3: Constitution – I
Course Outcomes: On successful completion of this module, learners will be able:
CO 1: To realise the significance of the constitution of India to students from all walks of life
and help them to understand the basic concepts of Indian constitution.
CO 2: To identify the importance of fundamental rights as well as fundamental duties.
CO 3: To understand the functioning of Union, State and Local Governments in the Indian
federal system.
CO 4: To learn procedure and effects of emergency, composition and activities of election
commission and amendment procedure.

Syllabus

UNIT - I
1. Preamble
2. Nature of Indian Constitution
3. Characteristic of federalism
4. Indian federalism

19
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

5. Unitary form of Government

UNIT - II
1. Citizenship
2. State
3. Fundamental Rights - equality, freedom and social control, personal liberty, changing
dimensions of personal liberty, cultural and educational rights
4. The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009.
UNIT - IlI
1 Directive principles of State policy
2. Inter relationship between fundamental rights and directive principles
3. Fundamental duties
UNIT - IV
1. Union Executive- the President, Vice President
2. Union Legislature - Council of ministers
3. Union Judiciary - Supreme Court
UNIT - V
1. State Executive- Governor,
2. State Legislature: Vidhan Sabha, Vidhan Parishad
3. State Judiciary - High Court

Suggested readings:
1. The Constitution of India, 1950.
2. 4th edn., H.M. Seervai, Constitutional Law of India (Universal Law Publishing) Vol 1
(1991), Vol. 2 (1993), Vol. 3 (2019 Rep.).
3. 8th edn, M.P. Jain, Indian Constitutional Law (LexisNexis) (2018).
4. 14th edn, M. P. Singh, V. N. Shukla’s Constitution of India (Eastern Book
Company)(2024).
5. 16th edn, D.D. Basu, Shorter Constitution of India(LexisNexis) (2021).
6. 2nd edn, Granville Austin, The Indian Constitution: Cornerstone of a Nation
(OUP)(1999)
7. Granville Austin, Working a Democratic Constitution - A History of the Indian
Experience (OUP)(1999)
8. B. Shiva Rao, The Framing of India’s Constitution– Select Documents (1967).
9. H.M. Seervai, Constitutional Law of India (4th ed., Vol 1 (1991), Vol. 2 (1993), Vol. 3
(1996).
10. Report of the Commission on Centre – State Relations (Sarkaria Commission) (1987)
11. Report of the National Commission to Review the Working of the Constitution (2002)

20
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

Subject 4: General English –II

Course Outcomes: On successful completion of this module, learners will be able:
CO1: To attain competency in vocabulary, speaking and listening skills.
CO2: To strengthen their vocabulary skills by learning criminal law and civil law vocabulary
as per industry requirement
CO3: To develop their abilities as critical thinkers, readers and writers by applying their
learning in writing legal documents effectively
CO 4: To make them understand basic principles to improve speaking skills and
Pronunciations for better personality.

Syllabus
Unit-1 Vocabulary
1. Foreign words and phrases
2. Set expressions and phrases.
3. One-word substitution
4. Words often confused
5. Synonyms and Antonyms, especially Legal words
Unit II: Grammar
1)Question tags and short responses
2)Reported speech: Direct and Indirect
3)Conditionals
4)Punctuation marks
5)Possessives and “Self” forms
Unit III: Legal Reasoning
1) Logical Fallacy: An introduction
2) Material Fallacy
3) Verbal Fallacy
4) Formal Fallacy
Unit IV: Drafting Skills
1)Legal documents and is types
2)Legal Drafting, Qualities of good drafting, General principal of Drafting
3) Pleading; Object, Functions and fundamental of pleading
4) Plaint, Written Statement, Petition, Affidavit
5)Deeds and its types
6) conveyancing
Unit V: Communication Skills
1)Stages of communication
2)Barriers to effective communication
3)Types of conversion: Formal and Informal
4)Body language viz.: Eye contact, Facial expression, Gestures, Postures and body
movements.

21
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

Suggested Readings
11. R K Bansal and J B Harrison. Spoken English for India: A Manual of Speech and
Phonetics (Orient Blackswan)(1983).
12. S Pit Corder, An Intermediate English Practice Book (Orient Longman)(1996).
13. S.C.Tripathi, Legal Language,Legal Writing and General English (Central Law
Publications)(2020).
14. Thomson and Martinet, A practical English Grammar (OUP)(1997).
15. Wren and Martin, English Grammar and Composition (S. Chand Publications) (2023).
16. William Shakespeare, The Merchant of Venice (Act–IV, the court scene)
17. BM Gandhi, Legal Language and Legal Writing (EBC Publications) (2009).
18. Raymond Murphy, Intermediate English Grammar (Cambridge University
Press)(2018).
19. M.K. Gandhi, The Story of my Life(Navajivan Publishing House Ahmedabad) (1955).
20. M.K. Gandhi, The Law and Lawyers (Navajivan Publishing House Ahmedabad)(1999).

Subject 5: Economics –II (Minor)

Course Outcomes: On successful completion of this module, learners will be able:
CO1: To understand the various phases of Indian economic growth, understand the
demography changes and its impact on gross domestic productions.
CO2: To understand the philosophy of economic planning in India .Evaluation the Indian
agriculture sector, its current issues and prospects.
C03: To evaluate the Indian industrial sector, its current issues and prospects.
CO4: To create a compressive outlook towards India’s economic growth.

Syllabus
Unit-1
Basic features and structures of Indian economy
Demographic features and population policy of India
National income estimation and its trends in India
Unit-2
Basic feature of Indian agriculture
Emerging trends of agriculture production and green revolution
Problem of agriculture marketing in India
Agriculture credit:Sources and problem
Unit-3
Industrial policies of India
Cottage and small scale industries and their problems
Problem of industrial development in India
Skill India make in India

22
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

Unit -4
Objectives and strategies of Niti Aayog
Inter regional variation of economic development in India
Central street finance relation rule of finance Commission in India
Latest finance Commission in India
Unit-5
Unemployment: Causes and types of unemployment
Poverty: Concepts and trends in India
Various government measures to eradication of property and unemployment
Problems of rising pricing in India.

Subject 6: Special Contract

Course Outcomes: On successful completion of this module, learners will be able:
CO1: To initiate the students to different kinds of contracts with emphasis on intricacies
therein.
CO2: To understand the general principles of contract wherein the emphasis was on
understanding the basic essentials of a valid contract and to make the contractual
relationship in different circumstances.
CO3: To better appreciate the legal services required in a corporate office.

Syllabus
UNIT- I: Indemnity
1. The Concept
2. Need for indemnity to facilitate commercial transactions
3. Method of creating indemnity obligations
4. Definition of indemnity
5. Nature and extent of liability of the indemnifier
6. Commencement of liability of the indemnifier
7. Situations of various types of indemnity creations
8. Documents/ agreements of indemnity
9. Nature of indemnity clauses
10. Indemnity in case of International transactions
11. Indemnity by Governments during interstate transactions
UNIT - II: Guarantee
1. The concepts
2. Definition of guarantee: as distinguished from indemnity
3. Basic essentials for a valid guarantee contract

23
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

4. The place of consideration and the criteria for ascertaining the existence of consideration
in guarantee contracts
5. Position of minor and validity of guarantee when minor is the principal debtor, creditor or
surety
6. Continuing guarantee
7. Nature of surety's liability
8. Duration and termination of such liability
4. Illustrative situations of existence of continuing guarantee
10. Creation and identification of continuing guarantees
11 Letters of credit and bank guarantee as instances of guarantee transactions
12. Right of surety:
13 Position of surety in the eye of law
14 Various judicial interpretations to protect the surety
15 Co-surety and manner of sharing liabilities and rights
16 Extent of surety's liability
17. Discharge of surety's liability

UNIT - III: Bailment

1. Identification of bailment contracts in day today life
2. Manner of creation of such contracts
3. Commercial utility of bailment contracts
4. Definition of bailment
5. Kinds of bailees
6. Duties of bailor and bailee towards each other
7. Rights of bailor and bailee
8. Finder of goods as a bailee
9. Liability towards the true owner
10. Obligation to keep the goods safe
11. Right to dispose of the goods
Pledge
1. Pledge: comparison with bailment
2. Commercial utility of pledge transactions
3. Definition of pledge under the Indian Contract Act
4. Other statutory regulations (State & Centre) regarding pledge, reasons for the same
5. Rights of the pawner and pawnee
6. Pawnee's right of sale as compared to that of an ordinary bailee
7. Pledge by certain specified persons mentioned in the Indian Contract Act

UNIT - IV: Agency

1. Identification of different kinds of agency transactions in day to day life in the commercial
world

24
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

2. Kinds of agents and agencies

3. Distinction between agent and servant
4. Essential of agency transaction
5. Various methods of creation of agency
6. Delegation
7. Duties and rights of agent
S. Scope and extent of agent's authority
9. Liability of the principal for acts of the agent including misconduct and tort of the agent
10. Liability of the agent towards the principal
11. Personal liability towards the parties
12. Methods of termination of agency contract
13. Liability of the principal and agent before and after such termination

UNIT-V: Sale of Goods

1. Concept of sale as a contract
2. Illustrative instances of sale of goods and the nature of such contracts
3. Essentials of contract sale
4. Essential conditions in every contract of sale
5. Implied terms in contract sale
6. The rule of caveat emptor and the exceptions thereto under the sale of Goods Act
7. Changing concepts of caveat emptor
8. Effect and meaning of implied warranties in the sale
9. Transfer of title and passing of risk
10. Delivery of goods: various rules regarding delivery of goods
11. Unpaid seller and his rights
12. Remedies for breach of contract

Suggested Readings
1. The Indian Partnership Act, 1932
2. The Limited Liability Partnership Act, 2008 (6 of 2009)
3. The Indian Contract Act, 1872
4. The Sale of Goods Act, 1930
5. Devashish Bharuka, LexisNexis Pollock & Mulla The Indian Partnership (LexisNexis)
(2022)
6. Avtar Singh, Introduction to Law of Partnership-Including Limited Liability
Partnership (EBC) (2023).
7. V.P. Verma (Rev.), S. D. Singh and J.P. Gupta, Law of Partnership in India (Orient Law
House) (1998).
8. R Yashod Vardhan & Chitra Narayan, Pollock & Mulla’s The Indian Contract and
Specific Relief Acts (LexisNexis) (2019).

25
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

9. 10th edn.,Akshay Sapre,, Pollock & Mulla’s The Sale of Goods Act (LexisNexis) (2017).

BA LLB II YEAR III SEMESTER

Subject 1: Political Science – III (Major)
Course Outcomes: On successful completion of this module, learners will be able:
CO 1 : To introduce the Indian Constitution to the students with a focus on the role
of the Constituent Assembly and to know the essence of the Preamble.
CO 2 : To understand the Fundamental Rights and Duties of Indian citizens and
examine the significance of Directive Principles of State Policy.
CO 3 : To evaluate the nature of Indian Federalism and Union- State Relations.
CO 4 : To critically analyse the important institutions of the Indian Union: the Executive:
President, Prime Minister, Governor, Chief Minister, The legislature: Rajya Sabha, Lok Sabha
and the State Legislature.
CO5 : To acquaint the students with the nature of Indian Judiciary: Composition and
functions.

26
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

CO6: To familiarise the students with the role of Election Commission and the working and
importance of Panchayati Raj System.
CO 7: Critically evaluate the role of the Indian Party system and the influence of various
factors like:caste, language, religion and region on Indian politics.

Syllabus

Unit l
Making and sources of Indian Constitution, Preamble, Salient features of the Constitution,
Centre State relations.
Unit ll
Fundamental Rights and duties, Directive Principles of state policy, Union and State
legislature- organisation and functions.
Unit lll
Union Executives: (President, Prime Minister)powers and functions
State Executives : (Governor and Chief Minister) Powers and functions
Unit lV
Indian Judiciary:Organization powers and functions, Election Commission of India,
importance of Local Self Government (Panchayati Raj System)
Unit V
Indian Party system, influence of religion, caste ,regionalism and language on Indian
politics.

Suggested readings
1. A.P. Awasthi, Indian Government and Politics (Lakshmi Narain Agarwal Educational
Publishers) (2017).
2. Dr. B.L.Fadia & Kuldeep Fadia, Indian government and Politics (Sahitya
Bhawan)(2017).
3. D.D. Basu, Introduction to the Constitution of India(LexisNexis)(2024).
4. Subhash Kashyap, Our Constitution (National Book Trust)(2021).
5. R.C. Agrawal and Mahesh Bhatnagar, Constitutional Development and National
Movement of India (S Chand & Company)(2006).

Subject 2: Jurisprudence
Course Outcomes: On successful completion of this module, learners will be able:

27
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

CO 1 : to gain knowledge about the basic grounding in the central themes of the legal
philosophies which involves understanding the major schools of legal theory and the
articulation of an art to identify and understand concepts and sources of law.
CO 2 : to think carefully about the values that ought to underpin a Country’s legal system.
CO 3 : to understand the core legal concepts and rational reasoning that have preoccupied
legal philosophers from the early days of civilization to modern times.
Syllabus
UNIT-I: Introduction
1. Definition of the term 'Jurisprudence'
2. Definition of Law, kinds of law
3. Justice & its kinds
UNIT-II: Schools of Jurisprudence
1. Natural law school 2. Analytical school 3. Historical school 4. Sociological school 5.
Realistic school
UNIT - III Source of Law
1. Legislation
2. Precedents: concept of stare decisis
3. Customs
UNIT-IV: Legal Rights and Personality
Legal Rights
1. Rights: kinds, meanings
2. Duty: meaning and kinds
3. Relation between right and duty
Personality
3. Corporate personality
4. Dimension of the modern legal personality: Legal personality of non-human beings.
UNIT-V: Possession and Ownership; Liability; Obligation
Possession and Ownership: the Concept
1. Kinds of possession
2. Kinds of ownership
3. Difference between possession and ownership
Liability
1. Condition of imposing liability
2. Strict liability
3. Vicarious liability
Obligation
1. Nature and kind

Suggested Readings

28
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

1. Edgar Bodenheimer, Jurisprudence: The Philosophy and Method of the Law (EBC)
(2018).
2. John W. Salmond, Jurisprudence (Stevens and Haynes) (1913).
3. W. Friedmann, Legal Theory (Sweet and Maxwell)(2016).
4. 3rd edn, H.L.A Hart, The Concept of Law (Clarendon Law Series) (2012).
5. Ronald Dworkin, Law’s empire (Harvard University Press) (1988).
6. John Finnis, Natural Law and Natural Rights (OUP)(1980).
7. 6th edn., V D Mahajan, Legal Theory (EBC) (2023)

Subject 3: Legal Language/Legal Writing including General

English
Course Outcomes: On successful completion of this module, learners will be able:
CO 1: To introduce legal language as per industry requirement.
CO 2: To Summarise paraphrase information in text.
CO 3 : To enhance the students ability of reading ,writing ,listening ,speaking and
comprehending.
CO 4 : To develop the basics of communication skills and listening skills.
CO 5 : To develop critical thinking skills.

Syllabus
UNIT -1 Introduction to Legal Language
1. Characteristics of Legal Language
2. History of Legal Language
3. Legal Language in India
4.English as a medium of communication for legal transactions
UNIT -2 Vocabulary
1) Criminal law Vocabulary
2) Civil law Vocabulary
3) Latin words and Expressions: Law register
Unit III: Vocabulary
1. Consulting a dictionary - consulting a thesaurus
2. Synonyms and antonyms - related words - regular exercises
3. Phonetics Theory and Practice
a. The phonetic script
b. Consulting a dictionary for pronunciation - exercise
c. Reading exercises - stress, accent and intonation suitable speaker with emphasis on
clarity of speech and felicity
Unit IV:
1) Inter language study , Translation and transliteration.
2) Legal Essay

29
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

3) Precis Writing
4) Legal Briefs
UNIT -V General Legal writings in English
1. Writing of case comments
(i) Ashby v/s White and others 2 Id Rayon 938
(ii) Donoughe v/s Stevenson, House of Lords (1932) Ac 562 (1932) All Er Rep.-1
(iii) Keshvananda Bharti v/s State of Kerala (AIR 1973 SC 1461
(iv) Mohiri Biwi v/s Dharmdas Ghosh Privy Council (1903) 30 IA114.
(v) Balfour v/s Balfour (1919) 2 KB 57.
(vi) Menka Gandhi v/s Union of India AIR 1978 SC 597.
(vii) Subhagwanti v/s Delhi Municipal Corporation AIR 1966 SC 1750
2) General guidelines relating to legal writing

Suggested Readings
1. Edward Abbott Parry, The Seven Lamps of Advocacy ( Forgotten Books) (2018).
2. G C Mogha & S N Dhingra, Mogha's Indian Conveyancer (Eastern Law House) (2022).
3. G. C. Mogha & S. N. Dhingra, Mogha's Law of Pleadings in India with Precedents
(Eastern Law House) (2013)
4. R.P. Bhatnagar, Law and Language (Trinity Press Pvt Ltd) (2012).
5. Gordon W. Brown, Legal Terminology (Pearson)(1997).

30
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

Subject 4: Constitution - II
Course Outcomes: On successful completion of this module, learners will be able:
CO 1: To familiarise the students with the key elements of the Indian constitution, evaluate
Administration of Union territories, Local and Urban Government, Schedule and Tribal area.
CO 2: To enable students to grasp the constitutional provisions and values.
CO 3: To acquaint the students with the powers and functions of various constitutional
offices and Institutions.
CO 4: To make students understand the basic premises of Indian politics and role of
constitution and citizen oriented measures in a democracy.
CO 5: To understand the power and functions of various constitutional offices and
institutions.
CO 6: To realise the significance of the constitution and appreciate the role of constitution
and citizen oriented measures in a democracy.

Syllabus
UNIT - I
1. Administration of Union Territories
2. The Panchayat: and Municipalities
3. The schedule and tribal areas
UNIT - II
1. Relation between the Union and the State
2. Distribution of legislative power
3. Administrative relations
4. Disputes relating to water, trade, commerce and intercourse within territory of India
UNIT - III
1. Financial provisions: property, contracts, rights, liabilities obligation and suit

31
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

2. Public service commissions, service under the Union and the States
UNIT- IV
1. Tribunals, elections, special provisions, relating to certain classes, official language
UNIT - V
1. Emergency provisions: Proclamation of emergency, effect of emergency, financial
emergency.
2. Amendment in the Constitutions

Suggested Readings
1. S. Choudhary, M Khosla, and PB Mehta, The Oxford Handbook of the India
Constitution (OUP) (2016).
2. The Constitution of India, 1950.
3. 4th edn., H.M. Seervai, Constitutional Law of India (Universal Law Publishing) Vol 1
(1991), Vol. 2 (1993), Vol. 3 (2019).
4. 8th edn, M.P. Jain, Indian Constitutional Law (LexisNexis) (2018).
5. 14th edn, M. P. Singh, V. N. Shukla’s Constitution of India (Eastern Book
Company)(2024).
6. 16th edn, D.D. Basu, Shorter Constitution of India(LexisNexis) (2021).
7. 2nd edn, Granville Austin, The Indian Constitution: Cornerstone of a Nation
(OUP)(1999).
8. Granville Austin, Working a Democratic Constitution - A History of the Indian
Experience (OUP)(1999).
9. B. Shiva Rao, The Framing of India’s Constitution– Select Documents (1967).
10. Report of the Commission on Centre – State Relations (Sarkaria Commission) (1987).
11. Report of the National Commission to Review the Working of the Constitution
(2002).
12. Udai Raj Rai, Fundamental Rights and their Enforcement (Prentice Hall India)(2011)

Subject 5: Family Law- I (Hindu Law)

Course Outcomes: On successful completion of this module, learners will be able:
CO 1 : To understand the core areas of family law such as marriage, divorce, maintenance,
adoption, custody, guardianship, acknowledgement, succession,etc.
CO 2 : to analyse the factors underlying development and prompts to encourage discussion
of the law.
CO 3 : To apply the concept of personal law technique in solving problems, involving persons
of different religions.

32
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

CO 4 : To study the political, economic, social and legal issues in guardianship and adoption.
CO 5 : To recognise the role and importance of recent trends in family law.
CO 6 : To endow the students with knowledge of both codified and uncodified portions of
Hindu Law.
CO 7 : To gain skill of thinking, analysis, written and verbal presentations.
CO 8 : To learn about concepts like succession, Inheritance, etc.
Syllabus
UNIT-I
1. Nature, concept & Objective of Hindu Law
2. Hinduism, Origin, History and Development, Definitions
3. Schools and Sources of Hindu Law
UNIT-II
1. Marriage-concept, meaning & definition
2. Kinds, of marriage, nullity of marriage
3. Hindu marriage Act 1955
4. Special marriage Act 1954
5. Divorce-meaning & kinds.
6. Concepts of Judicial separation & Restitution of conjugal rights
7. Group for matrimonial remedies
UNIT-III
1. Concepts of Joint Hindu Family
2. Coparcenaries, property under Mitakshara and Dayabhag
3. Partition and Reunion, women estate & stridhan
UNIT-IV
1. Gifts, wills & Debts in Hindu Law
2. Hindu adoption and maintenance Act 1956
3. Hindu Minority & guardianship Act 1956
UNIT-V: Inheritance
1. General rules of Succession
2. Disqualification relating to Succession
3. Hindu Succession Act 1956
4. Religious & charitable Endowment

Suggested Readings:
1. The Hindu Marriage Act, 1955
2. The Hindu Adoptions and Maintenance Act, 1956
3. The Hindu Minority and Guardianship Act, 1956
4. The Dissolution of Muslim Marriages Act, 1939
5. The Muslim Woman (Protection of Rights on Divorce) Act, 1986
6. Prohibition of Child Marriages Act, 2006
7. Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005.

33
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

8. Dr. Vijender Kumar, Mayne’s Treatise on Hindu Law & Usage (Bharat Law House) (2014).
9. 23rd edn., Satyajeet A. Desai, Mulla’s Principles of Hindu Law (LexisNexis) (2021).
10. Paras Diwan, Law Of Marriage And Divorce: A Comprehensive Treatise On Matrimonial
Laws Of All The Indian Communities (Universal Law Publishing) (2016).
11. Dr. Poonam P. Saxena, Family Law (LexisNexis)(2018).

Subject 6: Sociology - III

Course Outcomes: On successful completion of this module, learners will be able:
CO1: To define Sociological theories, understand its features and describe and illustrate the
role of theory in building Sociological knowledge.
CO2: To gain knowledge about the basics of criminology and become familiar with basic
criminal laws and criminal justice processes in the country.
CO3: To study the Legal system and society help the students to understand the concept of
law and the legal system in the wider context of society.
CO4: To know the various kinds of interrelations between law and society.

Syllabus
UNIT 1
Sociology of Law: Nature Scope and Relevance., Sociology of Legal Profession
UNIT 2
Relationship Between Society and Law; Law and Social Solidarity
UNIT 3
Law as an Instrument of Social Change
UNIT 4
Sociological Jurisprudence
UNIT 5
Criminology; Schools of Criminology; Theories of Crime.
UNIT 6
Social Debates in Legal Justice System
UNIT 7
Social Justice: Gender; Tribe; Caste; Poverty; Child Labour; Etc.
UNIT 8
Globalisation: Law as Emergence of Globalization,
World System Theory: Global Inequality & Justice.

Suggested Readings
1. 2nd edn., Kitty Calavita, Invitation to law & society: An introduction to the study of
real law. (Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Press)(2016).
2. Roger B M Cotterrell The sociology of law: An Introduction (Butterworths)(1992).

34
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

3. Ram Ahuja, Criminology (Rawat Publications) (2000).

4. Richard L Abel, The law and society reader (New York Univ. Press) (1995).
5. Michael Clarke, Durkheim's Sociology of Law, British Journal of Law and Society,
3(2):246-255, 1976. (Available at http://www.jstor.org/stable/1409819)
6. Nicholas S. Timasheff, What is "sociology of law"?, American Journal of Sociology,
43.2: 225-235, 1937. (Available at http://www.jstor.org/stable/2769025).
7. Roger Cotterrell, The Sociological Concept of Law, Journal of Law and Society, vol. 10,
no. 2, 1983, pp. 241–55. JSTOR, https://doi.org/10.2307/1410234.
8. Yogendra singh, Law and social change in India: A Sociological Perspective (available
athttp://14.139.60.116:8080/jspui/bitstream/123456789/721/8/Law%20and%20Social%
20Change%20in%20India.pdf)

BA LLB II YEAR IV SEMESTER

Subject 1: Company Law
Course Outcomes: On successful completion of this module, learners will be able:
CO 1 : To understand the company law model in India, and the concept and theories relating
to Corporate Personality in India.
CO 2 : To get acquainted with the forms of corporate and non-corporate organisations.
CO 3 : To familiar with the legal provisions, guidelines and key legislations and provisions on
the subject of Company Law in India and the recent changes in the Companies Act 2013.
CO 4 : To know the different bodies functioning to coordinate and manage company affairs in
India.
CO 5 : To get familiarised with the procedure of documentation for a company and will
develop the ability to identify and apply the provisions of law in realistic scenarios.

Syllabus
Unit - I Company: Nature and Scope

35
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

1.1 Meaning, Definition and characteristics of company.

1.2 Theories of corporate personality
1.3 Merits and Demerits of Incorporation of company - Lifting the corporate veil
1.4 Kinds of companies
Unit - II Procedure for Incorporation of companies
2.1 Promoter: Meaning, Role and duties. Legal Position of Promoter.
2.2 Pre-incorporation contracts
2.3 Procedure for Incorporation
2.4 Memorandum of Association and Articles of Association - Meaning Purpose, Content.
2.5 Doctrine of Ultra-vires, Doctrine of Constructive Notice and Indoor Management

Unit - III Prospectus, Shares and Debentures

3.1 Prospectus: Meaning and Kinds,
3.2 Formalities of issue Prospectus- Misrepresentation of Prospectus
3.3 Shares and Debentures - Meaning, Types and Transfer of shares
3.4 Share Capital, Meaning, Kinds, Alternation, Reduction and Voting Rights
3.5 Members and Membership Rights: Modes of acquiring Membership, Rights and
Privileges of Members and Shareholders

Unit - IV Management and Administration of Company

4.1 Directors - Appointment, Qualifications, Types, Powers and Functions
4.2 Duties and Liabilities of Directors
4.3 Meetings, Kinds, Requisites of Valid Meeting
4.4 Meaning and Prevention of Oppression and Mismanagement

Unit - V Amalgamation and winding up

5.1 Merger, Demerger and Amalgamation of Company
5.2 Winding up - Meaning, Types, Procedure
5.3 Role of Official Liquidator, Court and National Company Law Tribunal.
5.4 Offences and Penalties of Company under Companies Act, 2013
5.5 Corporate Social Responsibility.

Suggested Readings
1. C. A. Kamal Garg, Handbook on Corporate & Allied Laws (Bharat Law House Pvt. Ltd.)
(2018)
2. Avtar Singh, Company Law (Eastern Book Company) (2024).
3. C.R. Datta, Dutta on Company Law (LexisNexis)(2016).
4. Dr. N.V. Paranjape, The New Company Law (Central Law Agency) (2021).

36
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

5. Dr. G.K. Kapoor & Dr. Sanjay Dhamija, Taxmann's Company Law & Practice (Taxmann
Publications Private Limited)(2024).

Subject 2: Language I (Hindi)

पाठ्यक्रम के परिणाम: इस मॉड्यल ू के सफल समापन पर, शिक्षार्थी सक्षम होंगे:
CO 1 : कि विधि शिक्षण में हिंदी भाषा की महत्वपर्ण ू भमिू का है । अतः हिंदी भाषी राज्यों में हिंदी भाषा का
प्रयोग आवश्यक है |
CO2 : कि विधि, यह एक ऐसा क्षेत्र है जिसमें विद्यार्थी विधि से सम्बंधित न्यायालयीन प्रकरणों का संवाद
एवं सम्प्रेषण सामान्य नागरिकों से उचित ढं ग से कर सकें।
CO3 : कि साथ ही अन्य प्रशासनिक क्षेत्रों में विद्यार्थी जाना चाहे तो उसे हिंदी भाषा का उचित ज्ञान प्राप्त हो।
CO4 : कि इसी तारतम्य में हिन्दी भाषा का लेखन, पठन – पाठन तथा बोधगम्यता का विकास सहजता
पर्व
ू क किया जा सके। इस हे तु विद्यार्थियों को हिंदी भाषा के विविध स्वरूप की जानकारी दे ने के उद्दे श्य से
हिंदी भाषा का ज्ञान प्रदान किया जाता है ।
CO5 : कि भाषा के क्रमबद्ध यानि व्याकरण सम्मत स्वरूप का ज्ञान प्रदान करना तथा वे हिंदी भाषा को
सरलतापर्व ू क समझ सकें एवं लेखन-पठन कार्य कर सकें, यही विभाग में हिंदी भाषा की शिक्षा का मख् ु य
उद्दे श्य है ।

37
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

पाठ्यक्रम
इकाई – 1
भाषा का परिचय एवं संवध ै ानिक तथा वैधानिक परिप्रेक्ष्य
1. मानक हिंदी भाषा
2. राजभाषा
3. संचार भाषा
4. सज ृ नात्मक भाषा
5. लक्ष्य भाषा
6. स्रोत भाषा
इकाई – 2
हिंदी का शब्द भंडार
1. पारिभाषिक शब्दावली
2. प्रशासनिक शब्दावली
3. विधि की शब्दावली
4. तकनीकी शब्दावली
5. वैज्ञानिक शब्दावली
इकाई – 3
वाक्य रचना एवं उसके प्रकार
1. हिंदी वाक्य रचना
2. वाक्य के प्रकार
3. लिपि की समस्याएं एवं उनके समाधान
4. विराम चिन्हों का प्रयोग
5. रस
इकाई – 4
1. संज्ञा
2. सर्वनाम
3. क्रिया
4. विशेषण
5. कारक
इकाई – 5
निबंध, संक्षेपिका एवं रिपोर्ट लेखन
1. विधिक विषयों एवं समस्याओं पर निबंध लेखन
2. सामान्य समस्याओं पर निबंध लेखन
3. संक्षेपिका लेखन एवं उसके नियम
4. घटनाओं का विवरण लेखन

Suggested Readings
1. हिंदी भाषा और संवेदना आधार पाठ्यक्रम तत ृ ीय सेमेस्टर - एकल प्रश्नपत्र (मध्यप्रदे श हिंदी ग्रंथ
अकादमी)
2. हिंदी भाषा संरचना आधार पाठ्यक्रम प्रथम सेमेस्टर - एकल प्रश्नपत्र (मध्यप्रदे श हिंदी ग्रंथ अकादमी)

38
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

3. नैतिक मल् ू य और भाषा प्रथम प्रश्नपत्र, षष्ठ सेमेस्टर वैज्ञानिक तथा तकनीकी शब्दावली आयोग
(मध्यप्रदे श हिंदी ग्रंथ अकादमी)
4. नैतिक मल् ू य और भाषा प्रथम प्रश्नपत्र, पंचम सेमेस्टर वैज्ञानिक तथा तकनीकी शब्दावली आयोग
(मध्यप्रदे श हिंदी ग्रंथ अकादमी)
5. हिंदी भाषा और नैतिक मल् ू य प्रथम वर्ष(वार्षिक पद्धति) शिक्षा सत्र 2017-18 वैज्ञानिक तथा तकनीकी
शब्दावली आयोग (मध्यप्रदे श हिंदी ग्रंथ अकादमी)

Subject 3: Political Science – IV (Representative Political

Thinkers and Ideology)

39
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

Course Outcomes: On successful completion of this module, learners will be able:

CO1: To provide an insight into ancient Greek Political thought with focus on the ideas of
Plato and Aristotle.
CO2: To study and examine modern political thoughts of Machiavelli.
CO3: To critically examine Bentham’s Utilitarianism and John Stuart Mill’s political thought.
CO4: To be acquainted with the thoughts of ancient Indian Political thinkers.To provide an
in-depth understanding of the political and social thoughts of Raja Ram Mohan Roy, Swami
Vivekanand, Mahatma Gandhi and Dr.B.R.Ambedkar.
CO5: To enable the students to analyse various ideologies like: Individualism, Fascism,
Socialism and Marxism .

Syllabus
Unit I
Greek political thought;
Plato - Ideal State, Communism, Education
Aristotle-State, Slavery, Revolution
Unit ll
Machiavelli, Jeremy Bentham, J. S. Mill
Unit lll
Political thoughts of Manu and Kautilya.
Unit lV
Political and Social thoughts of Raja Ram Mohan Roy, Swami Vivekanand, M. K. Gandhi, B. R.
Ambedkar
Unit V
Individualism,Fascism
Marxism and Socialism

Suggested Readings
1. J.P .Suda, History of Political thought: Ancient and mediaeval Vol. 1 & 2 (K Nath and
Co)(2020).
2. J.P. Suda, Modern Political thought (K Nath and Co)(2018).
3. O.P.Gauba, Western Political Thought (Mayur Paperback)(2016).
4. Sukhbir Singh, History of Political thought Vol. 1 and Vol.2 (Rastogi Publications)
(2021).
5. R.C.Agrawal, Indian Political Thought (Laxmi Narayan Agarwal) (2020).
6. R.C.Gupta, Western Political Thought (Laxmi Narayan Agarwal) (2020).
7. V.P. Verma, Modern Indian Political Thought (Laxmi Narayan Agarwal) (2020).
8. V P Verma, Ancient and Medieval Indian Political Thought (Laxmi Narayan Agarwal)
(2020).

40
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

Subject 4: Economics III (Macro Economics)

Course Outcomes: On successful completion of this module, learners will be able:
CO 1: To describe and analyse the economy in quantitative terms using employment and
national income statistics.
CO 2: To describe the contemporary banking and monetary system, and analyse the role of
money ,credit and monetary policy.
CO 3: To utilise a simple contemporary economic model such as the aggregate
demand/aggregate supply model and describe the interrelationship among prices, income
and interest rates as they affect consumption, savings and investment.
CO 4: To analyse the fiscal and monetary policy decision, the counter business cycle by using
the macroeconomics model.

Syllabus

Unit – I
Money – Definition , function and importance
Inflation and Deflation : concept and effects
Unit – II
Business cycle : various phases , Keynesian theory of employment – classical approach,
Keynesian multiplier and accelerator
Unit – III
Consumption demand and investment function banks – definitions, classification
Commercial bank – function and process of credit creation
Central Bank – functions
Reserve bank of India and its monetary policy
Unit – IV
International Trade -- difference between internal and international trade
Comparative cost theory of International trade
Free trade V/S protection
Balance of trade and balance of payments causes of advance balance of payments and
corrective measures
Unit – V
IBRD ( World Bank ) and India IMF – its functions
MNCs and their role in India
Capital market regulation – SEBI

41
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

Subject 5: Family Law-II (Muslim Law)

Course Outcomes: On successful completion of this module, learners will be able:
CO1 : To understand the significance of personal laws in the Indian Legal System.
CO2 : To learn the essential characteristics of personal laws and understand the differences
between Personal law and other laws.
CO3 : To learn the sources of Muslim law and its necessary elements.
CO4 : To study the Muslim law governing marriage, adoption, inheritance, succession,
Inheritance, maintenance, etc.
CO5 : To examine the relation between Right to religion and personal laws.
CO6 : To identify the challenges faced in implementation and enforcement of the personal
laws.

UNIT - I
Origin and development of Muslim, who is Muslims, conversation to Islam Nature and
history of Mohammedan law, schools of Muslim law and sources of Muslim law Siya and
Sunnie
UNIT - II
1. Marriage, Iddet, Muta Marriage, option of poverty Divorce, Dissolution of Marriage
Act 1939
UNIT - III
1. Guardianship - elements, types
2. Maintenance, liability Mehar- types
UNIT - IV
1. Wills, gift, doctrine of musha pre-emption, wakf
UNIT - V
1. Parentage and acknowledgement
2. Succession and death bed transaction

Suggested Readings
1. Dr. Vijender Kumar, Mayne’s Treatise on Hindu Law & Usage (Bharat Law House)
(2014).
2. Satyajeet A. Desai, Mulla’s Principles of Hindu Law (LexisNexis) (2024).
3. Dr. Poonam Pradhan Saxena, Family Law Lectures - Family Law II (LexisNexis)
(2021).
4. Mulla, Principles of Mahomedan Law (LexisNexis) (2021)

42
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

5. Tahir Mahmood eds., Asaf A.A. Fyzee, Outlines of Muhammadan Law (Oxford India)
(2009)
6. Daniel Latifi, Muslim Law in S.K Verma and Kusum (ed.), Fifty years of the Supreme
Court of India- Its grasp & reach (Oxford University Press)(2000).
7. M A Qureshi, Muslim Law(Central Law Publications)(2020).

Subject 6: Administrative Law

Course Outcomes: On successful completion of this module, learners will be able:
CO1 : To understand the structure, powers, and functions of the organs of administration
and the method and procedures followed by them in exercising their powers and functions.
CO2 : To get acquainted with the method by which the organs of the administration are
controlled and the remedies which are available to a person against them when his rights
are infringed by their actions.
CO3 : To analyse whether those who exercise the executive (and coercive) powers of the
state can be called on to explain and justify the way in which they have gone about any
particular task.
CO 4 : To examine that the administrative decision and action should conform to universally
accepted standards, such as rationality, fairness, consistency, transparency etc.

Syllabus
UNIT- I
Meaning, definitions, nature, historical development, sources, relationship with
Constitutional law, Droit administrative, rule of law and separation of powers, classification
of administrative functions and distinction between them.

UNIT-II
Delegated legislation and its kinds, administrative directions and distinction between
delegated legislation and administrative directions, control over delegated legislation
procedural, judicial and parliamentary control, principles of natural justice

UNIT- III
Administrative discretion and judicial control of discretionary power, act of State, tortuous
and contractual liability of the State

43
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

UNIT- IV
Government privileges in legal proceedings, Estoppel and Waiver, official secrets and right to
information, lokpal, lokayukt and central Vigilance Commissions, Commission of inquiry

UNIT- V
Administrative Tribunals-merits, demerits, reasons for growth, distinction between court
and tribunals, Public corporation – classification characteristics, control, Remedies
Constitutional and ordinary

BA LLB III year V Semester

Subject 1: Labour and Industrial Laws - I
Course Outcomes: On successful completion of this module, learners will be able:
CO 1: To understand labour laws and various aspects of management of labour relation and
dispute settlement bodies and techniques and also develop an understanding regarding
Trade Unions and power of Collective Bargaining. It also aims at giving a legal understanding
of Standing Orders and Resolution of Industrial Dispute.
CO 2: To understand the rights and responsibilities of the management and especially
workmen and trade unions, compliances and penalties provided under the labour laws.
CO 3: To explain the significance of trade unions and the crucial role played in collective
bargaining for maintaining industrial peace and the well-being of the workmen.
CO 4: To identify, appreciate and critically analyse what changes would be required under
the law with reference to its current need in the society.

Syllabus
Unit-I: The Industrial Relations Code, 2020
a. Applicability
b. Features
c. Definitions
i. Employer
ii. Employee
iii. Worker
iv. Industry
v. Industrial Dispute
vi. Certifying Officer
vii. Standing Order
viii. Trade Union

44
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

d. Bi-Partite Forums (Chapter- II)

i. Work Committee (Section 3)
ii. Grievance Redressal Committee (Section4)
e. Trade Unions (Chapter- III)
i. Registration of Trade Union (Section 5)
ii. Criteria for registration (Section 6)
iii. Provision to be contained in constitution or rules of Trade Unions
(Section 7)
iv. Application for registration, alteration of name and procedure thereof
(Section 8)
v. Registration of Trade Union and cancellation thereof (Section 9)
vi. Appeal against non- registration or cancellation of registration (Section
10)
vii. Communication to trade union and change in its registration particulars
(Section 11)
viii. Incorporation of a registered trade union (Section 12)
ix. Certain Acts not to apply to registered trade unions (Section 13)
x. Recognition of negotiating union or negotiating council (Section 14)
xi. Objects of general fund, composition of separate fund and
membership fee of trade union (Section 15)
xii. Immunity from criminal conspiracy (Section 17)
xiii. Right to inspect books of Trade Union (Section 19)
xiv. Rights of minor to membership of trade union (Section 20)
xv. Disqualification of office bearers of trade union (Section 21)
xvi. Adjudication of disputes of trade unions (Section 22)
xvii. Proportion of office bearers to be connected with industry (Section 23)
xviii. Change of name, amalgamation, notice of change and its effect (Section
24)
xix. Dissolution (Section 25)
xx. Annual Return (Section 26)
xxi. Recognition of trade union at Central and state Level (Section 27)
f. Standing Orders (Chapter IV)
i. Application of standing order and related provisions (Section 28-41)

Unit-II: The Industrial Relations Code, 2020

a. Voluntary reference of disputes to arbitration (Section 42)
i. Mechanism for resolution of industrial Disputes (Section 43) (Chapter VII)
b. Conciliation Office
c. Industrial Tribunal
d. National Industrial Tribunal
e. Procedure and powers of arbitrator, conciliation officer, tribunal and national

45
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

industrial tribunal
i. Strike and Lockouts (Section 62-64) (Chapter VIII)
ii. Lay- off, Retrenchment and closure (Section 65- 76)
f. Workers Re-skilling Fund (Section 83) (Chapter –XI)
i. Unfair labour practice (Section 84) (Chapter –XII)
ii. Offences and penalties (Chapter –XIII)

Unit III Code on Wages, 2020 (Part 1)

a. Applicability
b. Definitions
i. Workers
ii. Wages
iii. Minimum wages
iv. Floor wages
v. Deduction
c. Minimum wages (Chapter II)
d. Fixation of minimum wages
e. Components of minimum wages
f. Procedure for fixing and revising minimum wages
g. Power of central government to fix floor wage
h. Wages of employee who work for less than normal working day
i. Wages for two or more classes of work
j. Minimum time rate wages for piece work
k. Fixing hours of work for normal working day
l. Wages for overtime work

Unit IV: Code on Wages, 2020 (Part 2)

a. Payment of wages (Chapter III)
i. Mode of payment of wages (Section 15)
ii. Fixation of wage period (Section 16)
iii. Time limit for payment of wages (Section 17)
iv. Deductions which may be made from wages (Sections 18, 20- 25)
v. Fines (Section 19)
b. Payment of Bonus (Chapter IV)
i. Eligibility for bonus etc
ii. Disqualification for bonus
c. Advisory Board (Chapter V)
d. Inspector cum –Facilitator (Chapter VII)
Appointment of inspectors-cum-facilitators and their powers
e. Offences and penalties (Chapter VIII)

46
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

Suggested Readings
1. S.C Srivastava, Industrial Relations and Labour Laws (Vikas Publishing House Pvt
Ltd)(2022).
2. Dr. Avtar Singh & Prof (Dr) Harpreet Kaur, Introduction to Labour and Industrial
Laws I & II (LexisNexis)(2022).
3. Dr. Bhagyashree A. Deshpande, Textbook on New Labour and Industrial Laws
(Central Law Publications )(2022).
4. V.G. Goswami, Labour and Industrial Laws (Central Law Agency, Allahabad) (2019)
5. S.N. Mishra, Labour and Industrial Laws with latest Amendments (Central Law
Publication) (2021).
6. Haber W & Cohen W, Reading in Social Security’ (Prantice Hall INC, New York)(1949).
7. International Labour office, Introduction to social security, ILO Geneva, 1984.
8. P. L. Malik's Handbook of Labour and Industrial Law (Eastern Book Company)(2021)
9. G.B. Pai: Labour law in India Vol. I (New Delhi: Butterworths India)(2001).
10. S.N.Dhyani, ILO and India (National Publishing House, New Delhi)(1977).
11. International Social Security Systems (Anmol Publication Private Limited, Delhi)
(1993).

Subject 2: Law of crimes-I (Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita 2023)

Course Outcomes: On successful completion of this module, learners will be able:
CO 1: To help the students in understanding the Concept and Meaning of Crime.
CO 2: To familiarise the students with the key concepts of Criminal Law and Criminal
Liability.
CO 3: To facilitate the students to understand Mens Rea as an essential for committing a
crime.
CO 4: To teach Specific Offences under the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita 2023 and their
Ingredients along with the general defences.

47
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

CO 5: To keep the students abreast of the latest Legislative and Judicial developments and
changes in the field of Criminal Law.
Syllabus
Unit 1: Basic Concepts of Criminal Law
1. Concept and Meaning of Crime
2. Distinction Between Crime and Other Wrongs
3. Classification of Crimes
4. Fundamental Elements of Crime
5. Stages of Crime
6. Parties to Crime
7. Inchoate Offences
8. Corporate Criminal Liability
9. Principles of Criminal Liability
10. Definitions, general explanations, and expressions (Section 2-3)
Unit 2: Punishments and General Exceptions
1. Punishments (Section 4-13)
2. General Exceptions (Section 14-33)
3. Right of Private Defence (Section 34-44)
Unit 3: Abetment, Conspiracy, and Offences Against Women and Children
1. Abetment (Sections 45-60)
2. Criminal Conspiracy (Section 61)
3. Attempt (Section 62)
4. Offences Against Women (Section 63-90)
5. Offences Against Children (Sections 91-97)
Unit 4: Offences Affecting the Human Body, Property, and reputation.
1. Offences Affecting Life (Sections 98-111)
2. Hurt, Grievous Hurt, wrongful restraint, wrongful confinement (Sections 112-125)
3. Criminal Force and Assault (Sections 126-134)
4. Kidnapping, Abduction, Slavery, and Forced Labour (Sections 135-144).
5. Offences Against Property (301-332)
6. Offences relating to documents and property marks (Section 333-348)
7. Offences of criminal intimidation, insult, annoyance, defamation etc. (Section
349-353)
Unit 5: Offences Against the State, Offences relating to public tranquillity, and Other
related offences.
12. Offences Against the State (Sections 145-156)
13. Offences relating to army, navy, and air force (Sections 157-166)
14. Offences Relating to Elections (Sections 167-175).
15. Offences relating to coin, currency notes, bank notes, and government stamps.
(Section 176-186).
16. Offences Against Public Tranquility (Section 187-195).

48
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

17. Offences Relating to Public Servants and Public Justice (Section 196-267).
18. Offences affecting the public health, safety, convenience, decency, and morals.
(Section 268-295)
19. Offences relating to religion (Section 296-300)

Suggested readings:
1. Bare Act, Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023.
2. Ratanlal & Dhirajlal’s Indian Penal Code (Butterworths Wadhwa, Nagpur)(2021)
3. K. D. Gaur, A text Book on the Indian Penal Code (Universal Delhi)(2023).
4. P. S. Achuthan Pillai, Criminal Law (Eastern Book Co.)(2023).
5. B. M. Gandhi , Indian Penal Code (Eastern Book Co.) (2023)
6. S. N. Mishra, Indian Penal Code, Central Law Publication (2020)
7. Prof. Vageshwari Deswal & Adv. Saurabh Kansal,Taxmann's Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita
2023 (Taxmann)(2024).

Subject 3: Environmental Law

Course Outcomes: On successful completion of this module, learners will be able:
CO 1: To be exposed to the ground realities of how the environment is affected both at the
global, national and the local level.
CO 2: To foster a high level of understanding in the matters pertaining
to Environmental law, common law aspects, constitutional provisions etc. Students should
be able to understand the emerging trends in the domain of protection of environmental
laws and policies.

49
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

CO 3: To learn and analyse the advanced and complex body of understanding in the field of
environmental law including but not limited to: Constitutional perspectives, Statutory
perspectives, International perspectives, Judicial perspectives.
CO 4: To develop the understanding and capacity to identify and analyse new statutory
developments and existing laws in the rapid changing environmental jurisprudential
landscape.

Syllabus
UNIT-I: Concept of Environment and Pollution
1. Environment, Meaning and concept
2. Pollution-Meaning and Effects of pollution
3. Environmental Pollution (Water, Air and Noise Pollution)
4. Meaning and standards, Culprits and victims, Offences and penalties,

UNIT-II: International Historical Perspective

1. Stockholm conference
2. Rio conference
3. U.N. declaration on right to development

UNIT-III: Constitutional Provisions related to Environment

1. Constitution making - development and property oriented approach
2. Directive principles (Status, role and interrelationship with fundamental rights and
fundamental duties)
3. Fundamental Duty.
4. Judicial approach
5. Fundamental Rights (Rights to clean and healthy environment, Environment Vs
Development)
6. Enforcing agencies and remedies (Courts, Tribunal, Constitutional, statutory and judicial
remedies)
7. Emerging principles (Polluter pays: public liability insurance, Precautionary principles)
8. Sustainable development

UNIT-IV: Environment Protection Measures VIS A VIS Environment Pollution

1. Protection agencies: power and functions
2. Protection: means and sanctions
3. Emerging principles through delegated legislation
4. Hazardous waste
5. Biomedical waste
6. Judiciary: complex problems in administration of environmental justice

50
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

UNIT-V
A. Forest and Wildlife Protection
1. Greenery conservation laws
2. Forest conservation
3. Conservation agencies
4. Prior approval and non-forest purpose
5. Symbiotic relationship with tribal people
6. Deforestation: Judicial approach
7. Sanctuaries and national parks
8. Licensing of zoos and parks
9. State monopoly on the sale of wildlife and wildlife articles
10. Wildlife
11. Offences against wildlife
B. Biodiversity
1. Legal Control
2. Control of eco unfriendly experimentation on animals, plants, seeds &
microorganisms

Subject 4: Hindi-II
पाठ्यक्रम के परिणाम: इस मॉड्यल ू के सफल समापन पर, शिक्षार्थी सक्षम होंगे:
CO1- विद्यार्थियों में दे श के प्रति सम्मान, दे शभक्ति की भावना, आध्यात्मिकता की भावना का विकास
तथा हिंदी भाषा के प्रति जागरूकता का विकास करना।
CO2- विद्यार्थियों में नैतिक मल् ू यों का विकास करना तथा सामाजिक व्यवहार कौशल का विकास
CO3- भारतीय इतिहास, सभ्यता और संस्कृति से परिचित कराना
CO4- विद्यार्थियों में दृढ़ प्रतिज्ञा, संघर्ष और सहनशीलता का भाव जागत ृ करना
CO5- हिंदी भाषा के व्याकरण, वैज्ञानिकता, महत्व तथा भाषा की समद् ृ धि से अवगत कराना।

51
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

पाठ्यक्रम
इकाई - 1
1. जवानी (काव्य) – माखनलाल चतर्वे ु दी
2. शिकागो व्याख्यान – स्वामी विवेकानंद
3. हिंदी भाषा की रूप संरचना
इकाई – 2
1. आचरण की सभ्यता – सरदार पर्ण ू सिंह
2. मध्यप्रदे श का लोक-साहित्य
3. हिंदी भाषा का मानकीकरण
इकाई – 3
1. शिरीष का फूल – आचार्य हजारी प्रसाद द्विवेदी
2. मांडव – श्री रामनारायण उपाध्याय
3. समास – संरचना और प्रकार
इकाई – 4
1. महाजनी सभ्यता
2. एक थे राजा भोज (निबंध) – डॉ. त्रिभव ु ननाथ शक्
ु ल
3. संधि : परिभाषा और भेद
इकाई – 5
1. उसने कहा था – श्री चंद्रधर शर्मा ‘गुलेरी’
2. फिल्टर तो चाहिए ही – डॉ. दे वेंद्र दीपक
3. संक्षिप्तियां

Suggested Readings
1. हिंदी भाषा और संवेदना आधार पाठ्यक्रम तत ृ ीय सेमेस्टर - एकल प्रश्नपत्र (मध्यप्रदे श हिंदी ग्रंथ
अकादमी)
2. हिंदी भाषा संरचना आधार पाठ्यक्रम प्रथम सेमेस्टर - एकल प्रश्नपत्र (मध्यप्रदे श हिंदी ग्रंथ अकादमी)
3. नैतिक मल् ू य और भाषा प्रथम प्रश्नपत्र, षष्ठ सेमेस्टर वैज्ञानिक तथा तकनीकी शब्दावली आयोग
(मध्यप्रदे श हिंदी ग्रंथ अकादमी)
4. नैतिक मल् ू य और भाषा प्रथम प्रश्नपत्र, पंचम सेमेस्टर वैज्ञानिक तथा तकनीकी शब्दावली आयोग
(मध्यप्रदे श हिंदी ग्रंथ अकादमी)
5. हिंदी भाषा और नैतिक मल् ू य प्रथम वर्ष(वार्षिक पद्धति) शिक्षा सत्र 2017-18 वैज्ञानिक तथा तकनीकी
शब्दावली आयोग (मध्यप्रदे श हिंदी ग्रंथ अकादमी)

52
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

Subject 5. Comparative Government and Politics (Political

Science- V)
Course Outcomes: On successful completion of this module, learners will be able:
CO 1:Transformation of students understanding of the constitutional law role in
establishing effective government system;
CO 2: Considering how comparative constitutional study can offer insights into our own
constitutional system.
CO 3: Using a comparative approach to constitutional law with a view to developing a
critical understanding of how different constitutional systems deal with similar issues. The
course will enable students to understand; and will cover the basic principles of a
Constitution and comparative analysis of various provisions of different Constitutions
including but not limited to (USA, Switzerland, UK and People’s Republic of China).
CO 4: To enable students to develop an understanding of federal systems, various houses of
parliament, head of state/ government of various nations

Syllabus

UNIT - I
British Constitution- Salient features, Prime Minister, Crown, Parliament
UNIT - II
Constitution of America - Salient features, President, Congress, Judiciary
UNIT - II
Swiss Constitution- Salient features, federal assembly, federal council, direct democracy
UNIT- IV
Constitution of China- Salient features, fundamental rights, Communist party, Paliv
Bureau
UNIT - V
Comparative study- federal system of America and Switzerland, House of Lords and Senate,
power and functions of President of America and the Prime Minister of…political parties in
China and U.S.A.

Suggested Readings
1. Vishnu Bhagwan et al., World Constitutions: A comparative study (Sterling
Publishers Pvt Ltd)(2017).
2. A.C. Kapoor & K.K. Mishra, Select Constitutions (S Chand Publications)(2010).
3. S.N. Dubey, World Constitution (Laxmi Narayan Agarwal Publications)(2020).
4. Pukhraj Jain, Vishwa ke pramukh Samvidhan (Sahitya Bhawan Publications) (2022).

53
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

Subject 6: Intellectual Property Law

Course Outcomes: On successful completion of this module, learners will be able:
CO 1: To enrich the knowledge with respect to the domain of Intellectual property and apply
the theories, principles, and legal provisions of intellectual property law (including
copyright, patents, designs and trademarks) to real life problems and analyse the social
impact of intellectual property law and policy.
CO 2: To analyse ethical and professional issues which arise in the intellectual property
law context, to understand the pros and cons of IP law, identify possible stakeholders and
highlight the apparent conflict between rights of IP holders and the interest of the public at
large.
CO 3: To know the main components of the studied protection systems such as the
protectable subject matter, conditions of protection, rights of IP holders, exceptions to the
rights of IP holders, duration, and other relevant aspects.
CO 4: to understand the international perspectives; the various International Institutions,
Agreements, Treaties and Convention like WIPO, GATT, TRIPS, and others; and the
arrangement in regard to Intellectual Property rights between different countries.

Syllabus

Unit 1: Introduction to Intellectual Property Rights (IPR)

1. Concept and Nature of Intellectual Property
○ Definition and types of intellectual property
○ Historical development and significance of IPR
2. Theories of Intellectual Property
○ Natural Rights Theory
○ Utilitarian Theory
○ Personality Theory
○ Social Planning Theory
3. International Framework of IPR
○ Overview of major international treaties and conventions (e.g., Paris
Convention, Berne Convention, TRIPS Agreement, WIPO)
○ Role of international organisations (e.g., WIPO, WTO)
4. National Framework of IPR in India
○ Evolution of IPR laws in India

54
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

○ Overview of Indian IPR legislation (e.g., Patents Act, Copyright Act,

Trademarks Act)
5. Importance and Rationale for Protecting Intellectual Property
○ Economic, cultural, and social significance
○ Balance between private rights and public interest

6. Challenges and Issues in IPR

○ Enforcement issues
○ Digital era and IPR
○ Cross-border infringement and remedies
Unit 2: Patents
1. Introduction to Patents
○ Definition and scope
○ Historical development of patent law
○ Patentable and non-patentable inventions
2. Patent Application and Granting Process
○ Procedure for filing a patent application in India
○ Examination, opposition, and grant of patents
○ Rights and obligations of a patentee
3. Duration and Term of Patents
○ Term of a patent
○ Renewal and lapse of patents
4. Patent Infringement and Remedies
○ Acts constituting infringement
○ Defences against infringement
○ Remedies for infringement (civil, criminal, and administrative)
5. Case Studies and Landmark Judgments
○ Important Indian and international patent cases
○ Analysis of recent judgments
Unit 3: Copyrights
1. Introduction to Copyrights
○ Definition and scope
○ Historical development of copyright law
○ Works protected by copyright
○ Important concepts: Idea-expression dichotomy, Doctrine of originality,
Doctrine of Merger, Scenes a faire, Scènes à faire.
2. Ownership, Rights, and Duration
○ Ownership and authorship
○ Economic and moral rights
○ Duration of copyright protection
3. Registration and Transfer of Copyright

55
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

○ Procedure for copyright registration

○ Assignment and licensing of copyright
4. Copyright Infringement and Remedies
○ Acts constituting infringement
○ Exceptions to infringement (fair use/dealing)
○ Remedies for infringement (civil, criminal, and administrative)
5. Case Studies and Landmark Judgments
○ Important Indian and international copyright cases
○ Analysis of recent judgments
Unit 4: Trademarks and Geographical Indications
1. Introduction to Trademarks
○ Definition and scope
○ Types of trademarks
○ Functions of a trademark
2. Trademark Registration and Protection
○ Procedure for registration in India
○ Grounds for refusal of registration
○ Rights and obligations of a trademark owner
3. Trademark Infringement and Remedies
○ Acts constituting infringement
○ Defences against infringement
○ Remedies for infringement (civil, criminal, and administrative)
4. Geographical Indications
○ Definition and scope
○ Registration and protection of geographical indications in India
○ Differences between trademarks and geographical indications
5. Case Studies and Landmark Judgments
○ Important Indian and international trademark and GI cases
○ Analysis of recent judgments

Unit 5: Other Forms of Intellectual Property

1. Trade Secrets and Confidential Information

○ Definition and scope
○ Legal protection of trade secrets
○ Remedies for misappropriation
2. Plant Varieties and Farmers’ Rights
○ Protection of plant varieties in India
○ Farmers’ rights and breeders’ rights
○ Procedure for registration and protection

56
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

Suggested Readings
1. V K Ahuja, Law Relating To Intellectual Property Rights Paperback (LexisNexis)
(2017)
2. Ashwani Kr. Bansal, Law of TradeMarks in India: With Introduction to Intellectual
Property (Institute of Constitutional & Parliamentary Studies) ( 2009).
3. Ashwani Kr Bansal, Law of Designs (Universal Law Publishing)(2012).
4. K.C. Kailasam & Ramu Vedaraman, Law Of Trademarks - Including International
Registration Under Madrid Protocol & Geographical Indications (LexisNexis)(2017).
5. P Narayanan, Law of Trade Marks & Passing off: With supplement containing the
amendments (Eastern Law House)(2018).
6. S.R Myneni, Law of Trademarks & Design (New Era Law Publication)(2019).
7. P. Narayanan, Law of Copyright and Industrial Designs(Eastern Law House)(2017).
8. Latha R Nair & Rajendra Kumar, Geographical Indication- A search for Identity
(2005)
9. Dr. Vandana Singh, The Law of Geographical Indications – Rising above the horizon
(Eastern Law House) (2017).
10. Paul Goldstein & P. Bernt Hugenholtz, International Copyright: Principles, Law,
Practice (Oxford University Press Inc)(2021).
11. K.C. Kankanala, Indian Patent Law and Practice (Oxford University Press) (2012).
12. Professor William Cornish, Intellectual Property: Patents, Copyrights, Trademarks &
Allied Rights (Sweet & Maxwell) (2013)
13. Raman Mittal, Licensing Intellectual Property Law & Management (Satyam Law
International) (2011)
14. R.R. Hanchinal & Raj Ganesh, Plant Varieties & Farmers' Rights (Eastern Law
House)(2018)

BA LLB III year VI Semester

…………………………………………….

Subject 1: Law of Crimes- II (Bhartiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita

2023)
Course Outcomes: On successful completion of this module, learners will be able:
CO 1: To demonstrate a thorough understanding of the pre-trial procedures, including the
arrest of persons, processes to compel appearance and production of things, and reciprocal
arrangements for assistance. They will be able to apply these procedures in practical
scenarios and understand the rights and obligations of the parties involved.

57
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

CO 2: To acquire proficiency in conducting trials according to the Bhartiya Nagarik Suraksha

Sanhita 2023. They will be able to navigate through the different stages of a trial, from the
commencement of proceedings before Magistrates to the trial procedures before a Court of
Session and Magistrates, ensuring adherence to legal protocols and fair trial principles.
CO 3: To develop competence in handling post-trial procedures, including sentencing,
appeals, and execution of sentences. They will be adept at managing the submission of death
sentences for confirmation, understanding the appeals process, and executing, suspending,
remitting, or commuting sentences in compliance with the law.
CO 4: To effectively manage evidence in inquiries and trials, including the recording and
presentation of evidence, examination of witnesses, and handling of commissions for
witness examination. They will demonstrate the ability to utilise scientific and expert
evidence appropriately and ensure the integrity of the evidence management process.
CO 5: To apply legal principles in ensuring public order and preventive actions as outlined in
the Bhartiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita 2023. They will be able to enforce security measures
for keeping the peace and good behaviour, manage maintenance orders for wives, children,
and parents, and execute preventive actions by the police to avert cognizable offences.

Syllabus
Unit 1: Basic Concepts of Criminal Procedure Laws and Constitution of Criminal
Courts (Section 1-33)
1. Introduction to Criminal Procedure
○ Definition and scope
○ Historical development and significance of criminal procedure law
2. General Principles of Criminal Procedure
○ Due process of law
○ Rights of the accused
○ Principles of natural justice
3. Hierarchy of Criminal Courts
○ Structure and organisation of criminal courts
○ Jurisdiction and powers of various courts
4. Role of Police and Prosecution
○ Powers and functions of police in criminal investigation
○ Role and responsibilities of public prosecutors
5. Fundamental Rights and constitutional provisions related to Criminal Proceedings
○ Right to fair trial
○ Right to legal representation
○ Right against self-incrimination
6. Preliminary
7. Constitution of Criminal Courts and Offices
8. Power of Courts
Unit 2: Offices and Pre-Trial Procedures (Sections 34-288)

58
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

1. Arrest of Persons
2. Processes to Compel Appearance
3. Process to Compel Production of Things
4. Reciprocal Arrangements for Assistance
5. Information to the Police and Their Powers to Investigate
Unit 3: Trial Procedures (Sections 197-338)
1. Jurisdiction of the Criminal Courts in Inquiries and Trials
2. Conditions Requisite for Initiation of Proceedings
3. Complaints to Magistrates
4. Commencement of Proceedings Before Magistrates
5. The Charge
6. Trial Before a Court of Session
7. Trial of Warrant-Cases by Magistrates
8. Trial of Summons-Cases by Magistrates
9. Summary Trials
Unit 4: Post-Trial Procedures and other general provisions (Sections 289-406)
1. Plea Bargaining
2. Attendance of Persons Confined or Detained in Prisons
3. Evidence in Inquiries and Trials
4. General Provisions as to Inquiries and Trials
5. Accused persons with mental illness
6. Provisions as to offences affecting the administration of justice
Unit 5: Sentencing, Appeals, and Miscellaneous Provisions (Sections 407-533)
1. Submission of Death Sentences for Confirmation
2. Appeals
3. Reference and Revision
4. Transfer of Criminal Cases
5. Execution, Suspension, Remission, and Commutation of Sentences
6. Provisions as to Bail and Bonds
7. Disposal of Property
8. Irregular Proceedings
9. Limitation for Taking Cognizance of Certain Offences
10. Miscellaneous Provisions.

59
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

Subject 2: Hindi-III
पाठ्यक्रम के परिणाम: इस मॉड्यल ू के सफल समापन पर, शिक्षार्थी सक्षम होंगे:
CO 1: काव्य के माध्यम से दे श के प्रति प्रेम जाग्रत करना
CO 2: हिंदी भाषा के व्याकरण, वैज्ञानिकता, महत्व तथा भाषा की समद् ृ धि से अवगत कराना।
CO 3: विद्यार्थियों में निबन्ध एवं कहानी के माध्यम से समाज के प्रति करुणा का भाव जाग्रत करना
CO 4: कहानी का उद्दे श्य निर्णय लेने की क्षमता का विकास करना
CO 5: विद्यार्थियों को योग के माध्यम से शारीरिक, मानसिक स्वास्थ्य के प्रति जागरूक करना
CO 6: हिंदी भाषा का शद् ु ध लेखन एवं पत्र लेखन का महत्व और उसके विविध रुपों से परिचित कराना जो कि
विधि का अत्यंत महत्वपर्ण ू अंग है ।
पाठ्यक्रम
इकाई 1
1. भारत वंदना काव्य - सर्य ू कांत त्रिपाठी निराला

60
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

2. स्वतंत्रता पक ु ारती काव्य - जयशंकर प्रसाद

3. भाषा की महत्ता और उसके विविध रूप
इकाई 2
1. करुणा निबंध - आचार्य रामचंद्र शक् ु ल
2. बिच्छी बआ ु कहानी – डॉ. लक्ष्मण सिंह विष्ट बटरोही
3. हिंदी की शब्द संपदा – पर्यायवाची, अनेकार्थी, शब्द- यग्ु म, विलोमार्थी
इकाई 3
1. विलायत पहुंच ही गया आत्मकथांश - महात्मा गांधी
2. तीर्थ यात्रा - डॉ मिथिलेश कुमारी मिश्र
3. अलंकार
इकाई 4
1. दीक्षांत भाषण वक्तत्ृ व कला - स्वामी श्रद्धानंद
2. पत्र मैसरू के महाराजा को पत्र लेखन - स्वामी विवेकानंद
3. पत्र लेखन महत्व और उसके विविध रूप
इकाई 5
1. योग की शक्ति पत्र लेखन (डायरी) - डॉ हरिवंश राय बच्चन
2. यात्रा संस्मरण - डॉ. दे वेंद्र सत्यार्थी
3. सार लेखन, भाव पल्लवन

Suggested Readings
1. हिंदी भाषा और संवेदना आधार पाठ्यक्रम तत ृ ीय सेमेस्टर - एकल प्रश्नपत्र (मध्यप्रदे श हिंदी ग्रंथ
अकादमी)
2. हिंदी भाषा संरचना आधार पाठ्यक्रम प्रथम सेमेस्टर - एकल प्रश्नपत्र (मध्यप्रदे श हिंदी ग्रंथ अकादमी)
3. नैतिक मल् ू य और भाषा प्रथम प्रश्नपत्र, षष्ठ सेमेस्टर वैज्ञानिक तथा तकनीकी शब्दावली आयोग
(मध्यप्रदे श हिंदी ग्रंथ अकादमी)
4. नैतिक मल् ू य और भाषा प्रथम प्रश्नपत्र, पंचम सेमेस्टर वैज्ञानिक तथा तकनीकी शब्दावली आयोग
(मध्यप्रदे श हिंदी ग्रंथ अकादमी)
5. हिंदी भाषा और नैतिक मल् ू य प्रथम वर्ष(वार्षिक पद्धति) शिक्षा सत्र 2017-18 वैज्ञानिक तथा तकनीकी
शब्दावली आयोग (मध्यप्रदे श हिंदी ग्रंथ अकादमी)

Subject 3: Moot Court (Clinical Course)

Course Outcomes: On successful completion of this module, learners will be able:
CO 1: To gain a thorough understanding of the concept, significance, and functioning of moot
courts, including the roles of participants and the formalities involved. They will be able to
articulate the historical development and educational benefits of moot court participation.

61
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

CO 2: To develop advanced legal research skills, utilising various sources of legal

information. They will be proficient in analysing moot problems, identifying relevant legal
issues, and drafting comprehensive memorials with proper citation and formatting.
CO 3: To acquire essential oral advocacy skills, including effective presentation techniques,
voice modulation, and handling questions from judges. They will be able to present
persuasive arguments confidently and respond adeptly to judicial inquiries.
CO 4: To gain practical insights into the functioning of civil and criminal trials by attending
court sessions. They will be able to document their observations, understand procedural
aspects, and reflect on the roles and responsibilities of various courtroom participants.
CO 5: To learn and apply interviewing techniques and pre-trial preparations by observing
client interviewing sessions and the preparation of legal documents. They will maintain a
detailed internship report, reflecting on their practical experiences and professional
development.

Syllabus
Unit 1: Introduction to Moot Court
1. Concept and Importance of Moot Court
○ Definition and purpose of moot court
○ Historical development and significance in legal education
○ Benefits of moot court participation for law students
2. Structure and Functioning of Moot Courts
○ Organisation of moot court sessions
○ Roles of participants: Judges, advocates, researchers, and clerks
○ Overview of moot court competitions (national and international)
3. Moot Court Procedure and Protocols
○ Formalities and decorum in moot courts
○ Dress code and behaviour
○ Courtroom etiquette and professional conduct
Unit 2: Preparation for Moot Court
1. Understanding Moot Problems
○ Types of moot problems: Civil, criminal, constitutional, international, etc.
○ Analysing and breaking down a moot problem
○ Identifying legal issues and relevant laws
2. Research Skills for Moot Court
○ Legal research techniques
○ Sources of legal research: Case laws, statutes, journals, commentaries
○ Use of online legal databases and libraries
3. Drafting Memorials
○ Structure and components of a memorial: Title page, table of contents, index
of authorities, statement of jurisdiction, statement of facts, issues presented,
summary of arguments, arguments advanced, prayer for relief

62
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

○ Citation methods and formatting

○ Common mistakes and best practices in memorial drafting
Unit 3: Oral Advocacy and Moot Court Participation
1. Basics of Oral Advocacy
○ Principles of effective oral advocacy
○ Differences between written and oral arguments
○ Developing persuasive arguments
2. Presentation Skills
○ Voice modulation, clarity, and articulation
○ Body language and eye contact
○ Handling questions from judges
3. Practise Sessions and Feedback
○ Mock oral arguments and practice sessions
○ Role-playing as judges and participants
○ Constructive feedback and improvement techniques
4. Moot Court Participation
○ Participation in a single moot court for evaluation purposes
○ Comprehensive assessment of both written and oral components
Unit 4: Observance of Trials
1. Civil and Criminal Trial Observations
○ Importance of observing real trials
○ Guidelines for attending and observing trials
○ Documentation of trial proceedings
2. Observing Civil Trials
○ Attending a civil trial and observing the various stages
○ Maintaining a record of observations
○ Learning the roles and responsibilities of courtroom participants
3. Observing Criminal Trials
○ Attending a criminal trial and observing the various stages
○ Maintaining a record of observations
○ Understanding the procedural aspects of criminal trials
4. Reflection and Reporting
○ Reflecting on trial observations
○ Writing detailed reports on observations and learnings
Unit 5: Interviewing Techniques, Pre-Trial Preparations, and Internship
1. Interviewing Techniques
○ Principles and ethics of client interviewing
○ Observation of client interviewing sessions at a lawyer’s office or legal aid
office
○ Recording the proceedings in a diary
2. Pre-Trial Preparations

63
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

○ Preparation of legal documents and court papers by advocates

○ Observing the procedure for filing suits/petitions
○ Recording observations in a diary
3. Internship Report
○ Detailed report on internship experiences, tasks performed, and learnings
○ Documenting interactions with legal professionals
○ Reflection on practical applications of legal theory
4. Professional Development
○ Building professional skills through internships
○ Understanding the practical aspects of legal practice
○ Networking and career opportunities in the legal field
Evaluation Pattern for Moot Court Paper
This paper will have three components of 30 marks each and a Viva Voce for 10 marks.
(A) Moot Court (30 Marks)
● Each student is required to participate in a single moot court for evaluation purposes.
● The moot court will be evaluated based on the following criteria:
○ Speakers: 20 Marks
■ Oral advocacy
○ Researchers: 20 Marks
■ Researcher’s test
○ Memorials: 10 Marks
■ Written submissions/memorial: 10 marks
● The moot court work will be based on an assigned problem and will be evaluated
comprehensively for both written and oral components.
(B) Observance of Trial in Two Cases: One Civil and One Criminal (30 Marks)
● Students are required to attend two trials during the course of the last two to three
years of their LL.B. studies:
○ Civil Suit Observation: 15 Marks
○ Criminal Trial Observation: 15 Marks
● Students must maintain a detailed record of their observations, documenting the
various steps and procedures observed during their attendance on different days in
the court.
● This should involve critical analysis of procedures and cases being observed
including a comparative analysis and contrasting between the two observations.
● The record and documentation of these observations will carry a total of 30 marks.
(C) Interviewing Techniques and Pre-Trial Preparations and Internship Diary (30 Marks)
● Each student will observe two interviewing sessions of clients at a lawyer's office or a
legal aid office, record the proceedings in a diary, and analyse the techniques:
○ Interviewing Sessions Observation: 15 Marks
■ Each session observation will carry 7.5 marks

64
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

● Students will further observe the preparation of legal documents and court papers by
an advocate and the procedure for filing a suit/petition. This will be recorded in the
diary:
○ Document Preparation and Filing Observation: 7.5 Marks
● Additionally, each student will maintain an internship report detailing their
experiences, tasks performed, and learnings from their internship:
○ Internship Report: 7.5 Marks
(D) Viva Voce Examination (10 Marks)
● The viva voce examination will be conducted on all the above three aspects:
○ Moot Court
○ Observance of Trials
○ Interviewing Techniques and Pre-Trial Preparations
● The viva voce will carry a total of 10 marks.
Summary of Evaluation Components
Component Total Marks Breakdown

Moot Court (Team of three 30 Speakers: 20 Marks (Based on

students) (2 Speakers, 1 performance during the moot)
researcher)*
Researchers: 20 Marks (Based on
*may be changed as per Researcher’s test to be conducted)
discretion of course
teacher. Memorials: 10 Marks (common for all
team members)

Observance of Trials (Civil 30 Civil Trial Observation: 15 Marks

& Criminal)
Criminal Trial Observation: 15 Marks

Interviewing Techniques 30 Interviewing Sessions: 15 Marks

and Pre-Trial Preparations

Document Preparation and Filing: 7.5

Marks

Internship Report: 7.5 Marks

Viva Voce Examination 10 On all the above three aspects

65
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

Total 100

Subject 4: International Relations and Organisation (Political

Science – VI)
Course Outcomes: On successful completion of this module, learners will be able:
CO 1: To explain the scope and subject matter of International relations. Different
approaches and evaluates the working of the UN and its Organs.
CO 2: To define National Power and Analysing Its Elements and Limitations.

66
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

CO 3: To study the national interests and means of its promotions, Analysing the foreign
policy of India.
CO 4: To study the major problems of International Politics and regional organisation.
CO 5: To analyse Indian relations with neighbouring countries.

Syllabus

UNIT-I
International Relations definition, meaning and scope.
Evolution of International Relations as a discipline
Various theories of International Relations
UNO: specialised UN agencies, aims, and functioning the need for UN reforms
UNIT- II
National power meaning and elements - population, geography, resources technology,
military force, economic organisation and ideology
Limitations on National power- International morality, public opinion, disarmament,
balance of power and collective security
UNIT - lll
National interest - meaning and instruments for the promotion of national
Interest-Imperialism diplomacy, role of media (propaganda)
UNIT - IV
Regional organisations-NAM, SAARC, ASEAN, BIMSTEC, NATO
Evolution of the international economic system from Bretton woods to WTO
Third world demand for new international economic order.
Globalisation of the world economy
UNIT - V
Objectives of India’s foreign policy.
The recent developments in Indian foreign policy.
India’s relations with the global centres of power-USA,EU, China and Russia
India's bilateral and multilateral Relations with neighbouring countries.

Suggested Readings
1. S.R.Myneni, International Relations and organisation (Allahabad Law Agency)(2017).
2. Dr. B.L.Fadia & Dr. Kuldeep Fadia, Antarastriya Rajniti (Sahitya Bhawan)(2020).
3. Norman D. Palmer & Howard C. Perkins, International Relations(CBS)(2001).
4. Peu Ghosh, International Relations (PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.)(2020).
5. V.N.Khanna, International Relations (Vikas Publishing House)(2013).

67
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

Subject 5: Interpretation of Statutes

Course Outcomes: On successful completion of this module, learners will be able:
CO 1: To understand the process of interpretation and its utility.
CO 2: To ascertain the intention of the legislature in enacting a law.
CO 3: To apply general principles of statutory interpretation to construe the law in a manner
in alignment with the rules of interpretation.
CO 4: To identify admissible internal and external aids to interpretation.
CO 5: To identify and apply subsidiary rules of interpretation.
CO 6: To apply appropriate rules of interpretation according to the objects and nature of the
law and understand doctrines relevant to the interpretation of the Constitution.
CO 7: To interpret legal provisions keeping in view the intention of the legislature while
giving reasons on the interpretation arrived at.

Syllabus

UNIT-I: Interpretation of Statues

1. Meaning of the term 'statues
2. Commencement, operation and repeal of statutes
3. Purpose of interpretation of statues

UNIT-II: Aids to Interpretation

1. Internal aids
1. Titles
2. Preamble
3. Heading and marginal notes
4. Sections and sub- sections
5. Punctuation marks
6. Illustrative, exceptions, provisos and saving clauses
7. Schedules
8. Non - obstante clause
2. External aids
1. Dictionaries
2. Translations
3. Travaux preparatoires
4. Statutes in pari materia
5. Contemporanea Exposito
Debates, inquiry commission reports and Law commission reports

UNIT-III: Rules of Statutory Interpretation

1. Primary rules
2. Literal rule

68
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

3. Golden rule
4. Mischief rule (rule in the Heydon's case)

UNIT IV
1. Rule of harmonious construction
2. Noscitur a sociis
3. Ejusdem generis
4. Reddendo singula singulis

UNIT-V
Interpretation with reference to the subject matter and purpose
1. Restrictive and beneficial construction
2. Taxing statutes
3. Penal statutes
4. Welfare, legislation

UNIT-VI
Principal of Constitutional Interpretation
1. Harmonious constructions
2. Doctrine of pith and substance
3. Colourable legislation
4. Ancillary powers
5. "Occupied field"
6. Residuary power
7. Doctrine of repugnancy

Suggested Readings:
1. The General Clauses Act, 1897
2. Principles Of Statutory Interpretation – G.P. Singh , Wadhwa & Co.
3. Interpretation of statutes – V.P. Sarathi, Eastern Book Company
4. P. St. J. Langan, Maxwell on the Interpretation of Statutes (12th ed., 1969)
5. Diggory Bailey and Luke Norbury, Bennion on Statutory Interpretation (7th ed.).
6. S.G.G. Edgar, Craies on Statute Law (1971)

69
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

Subject 6: Labour and Industrial Law- II

Course Outcomes: On successful completion of this module, learners will be able:
CO1- To introduce the basic philosophy of labour laws in relation to Wages, Social Security,
Safety, Health, and Welfare, etc.
CO2 - To understand the industrial relations policy and critically evaluate the legal
framework in relation to the Payment of Wages, Social Security Protections, Safety, Health
and Welfare measures etc. and
CO3-To enable students to acquire a critical understanding of various legal rules relating to
remuneration, bonus, disablement compensation

Syllabus

Unit-I: The Occupational Safety, Health And Working Conditions Code, 2020
a. Applicability
b. Features
c. Definitions-
i. Manufacturing process
ii. Occupier
iii. Audio- visual worker
iv. Audio- visual production
v. Building workers
vi. Contract labour
vii. Dock work
viii. Building or other construction work
ix. Inter- state migrant worker
d. Duties of Employers and Employees: Sections 6 to 13 (Chapter –III) & Section
33 (Chapter- VIII) & Section 78 (Chapter- XI, Part- VI)
e. Rights of Employee: Section 14 (Chapter –III)
f. Occupational Safety & Health: Sections 16 to 22 (Chapter IV)
g. Health, Safety & working conditions: Section 23 (Chapter- V)
h. Welfare provisions: Section 24 (Chapter- VI)
i. Hours of work & Annual Leave with wages: Section 25-32 (Chapter- VII)

Unit-II: The Occupational Safety, Health And Working Conditions Code, 2020

70
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

a. Inspector-cum-Facilitator and other Authority: Section 34 (Chapter- IX)

b. Special provision relating to employment of women: Section 43
c. Contract workers: Sections 45 to 58 (Chapter- XI, Part- I)
d. Inter- State Migrant workers: Sections 59 to 65 (Chapter- XI, Part- II)
e. Audio- visual workers: Sections 66 (Chapter- XI, Part- III)

f. Mines: Sections 67 to 73 (Chapter- XI, Part- IV)

g. Beedi and Cigar Workers: Sections 74 to 77 (Chapter- XI, Part- V)
h. Factories: Sections 79 to 91 (Chapter- XI, Part –VII)
i. Plantation: Sections 92 – 93 (Chapter- XI, Part- VIII)
j. Social Security Fund (Chapter –XIII)
k. Offences & Penalties
Unit-III: The Code On Social Security, 2020
a. Applicability
b. Features
c. Definitions:
i. Factory
ii. Dependant
iii. Employment injury
iv. Occupational disease
v. Permanent total disablement
vi. Permanent partial displacement
vii. Self- employed worker
viii. Home- based worker
ix. Gig workers
x. Wage worker
xi. Social security
xii. Contribution
xiii. National Security Board
d. Social Security Organization (Chapter II)
e. Employees Provident Fund (Chapter III)
f. Employees State Insurance Corporation (Chapter IV)
g. Gratuity (Chapter V)
h. Maternity Benefit (Chapter VI)
i. Employee’s Compensation (Chapter VII)
j. Social Security and CESS in respect of building and other construction
workers (Chapter VIII)

UNIT- IV: Social Security For Unorganized Workers Under Code On Social Security,
2020

71
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

a. Framing of scheme for unorganized workers and constitution of social

security fund for gig workers, platform workers, etc (Section 109 & 110)
b. Registration of unorganized worker. (Section 113)
c. Schemes for gig workers & platform workers (Section 114)
d. Offences & penalties (Chapter XII)
e. Employment Information and monitoring (Chapter XIII)
f. Miscellaneous (Chapter XIV)

Suggested readings:

1. S.C Srivastava, Industrial Relations and Labour Laws (Vikas Publishing House Pvt
Ltd)(2022).
2. Dr. Avtar Singh & Prof (Dr) Harpreet Kaur, Introduction to Labour and Industrial
Laws I & II (LexisNexis)(2022).
3. Dr. Bhagyashree A. Deshpande, Textbook on New Labour and Industrial Laws
(Central Law Publications )(2022).
4. V.G. Goswami, Labour and Industrial Laws (Central Law Agency, Allahabad) (2019).
5. S.N. Mishra, Labour and Industrial Laws with latest Amendments (Central Law
Publication) (2021).
6. Haber W & Cohen W, Reading in Social Security’ (Prantice Hall INC, New York)(1949).
7. International Labour office, Introduction to social security, ILO Geneva, 1984.
8. P. L. Malik's Handbook of Labour and Industrial Law (Eastern Book Company)(2021)
9. G.B. Pai: Labour law in India Vol. I (New Delhi: Butterworths India)(2001).
10. S.N.Dhyani, ILO and India (National Publishing House, New Delhi)(1977).
11. International Social Security Systems (Anmol Publication Private Limited, Delhi)
(1993).

BA LLB IV YEAR VII SEMESTER

Subject 1: Forensic Science
Course Outcomes: On successful completion of this module, learners will be able:
CO 1 : To develop an understanding of the scientific principles of crime scene
investigation and reconstruction, including collection and preservation of evidences.
CO 2 : To demonstrate the capabilities, use, potential and limitations of forensic

72
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

laboratory theory and techniques in respect to the analysis of evidence.

CO 3 : To utilise ethical principles and have an understanding of legal precedents to make
decisions related to investigative techniques, analysis of evidence, and courtroom
testimony.
CO 4 : To demonstrate problem-solving skills and synthesise forensic, evidential, and
investigatory information from multiple sources to generate theories about crimes.
CO 5 : To demonstrate the ability to conduct interviews and interrogations, develop
and execute investigative plans, follow up investigative leads, document their
findings, and testify to the interpretation of evidentiary findings in a courtroom
setting.
CO 6 : To demonstrate integration of knowledge and skills through an applied
capstone experience.

Syllabus
UNIT-I
Finger Prints – Patterns and type development lifting preservation and comparison
Foot and Footwear Print – Pattern, Types, Preservation and comparison
UNIT - II
Wounds – Types and Characteristics, Anti Mortem and Post Mortem Wounds
UNIT- III
Composition and analysis of Blood, Semen, Saliva, Urine and Hair
UNIT- IV
Poison and Toxicology – Definition, Classification and Types of Poison
UNIT-V
Death Investigation – Types of Death, Medico Legal Causes, Determination of Sex and Age
post death

Subject 2: Property Law

Course Outcomes: On successful completion of this module, learners will be able:
CO 1 : To understand the concept and meaning of Property and the nature of
Property Rights.
CO 2 : To analyse the general principles governing the transfer of property along with the
various theories and doctrines given under the Transfer of Property Act, 1882.
CO 3 : To demonstrate understanding of the substantive law relating to sale, mortgage, lease,
exchange, gift and actionable claims.

73
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

CO 4 : To analyse the various modes of transfer of property and the formalities of the
various modes of transfer.
CO 5 : To Understand the concept and characteristics of Easement and License.
Syllabus
UNIT I
Introduction
1. Concept and meaning of Property
2. Various definitions given under the Transfer of Property Act, 1882
3. Interpretation Clause of Transfer of Property Act
4. Kinds of Property- Movable and Immovable property, Tangible and
Intangible property, Intellectual property-copyright,patents and designs,
trademarks, etc.
UNIT II
Law relating to Transfer of Property under Transfer of Property Act, 1882 :
General principles of transfer of property whether movable or Immovable (Sec. 5
to 37)
UNIT III
1. General principles of transfer of Immovable property (Section 38 to 53A)
2. Sale
3. Mortgage and Kinds of Mortgage
UNIT IV
1. Gift
2. Lease
3. Exchange
4. Transfer of Actionable claims
UNIT V: Easement
1. Nature, Characteristics, definition and essentials of easement
2. Kinds of Easements - Riparian rights
3. Extinction, Suspension and revival of easements
4. Licences

Suggested Readings
1. Dr. R.K. Sinha, The Transfer Of Property Act (Central Law Agency)(2023)
2. Mulla, Transfer of Property Act (LexisNexis)(2023).
3. V.P. Sarathi, Law of Transfer of Property (Eastern Book Company)(2018)
4. Dr. G.P. Tripathi, The Transfer of Property Act (Central Law Publications)(2016).
5. Dr. Poonam Pradhan Saxena, Property Law (LexisNexis)(2024)
6. J. D. Jain, Indian Easements Act 1882 (Allahabad Law Agency)(2023).
7. Noshirvan H. Jhabvala, The Indian Easements Act (C. Jamnadas & Co.) (2016).

74
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

Subject 3: Media and Law

Course Outcomes: On successful completion of this module, learners will be able:
CO 1 : To introduce to the students the concepts of media and law under the purview of
constitutional provisions and the development of laws of media over the years according to
the needs of the society.
CO 2 : To provide the students with an understanding of the various facets and the rights of
media.
CO 3 : To acquaint the students with the concept of censorship along with the rules and
regulations of censorship and the purpose of censorship.
CO 4 : To enable the students to learn about the various impacts of judicial intervention on
rights and liabilities of the media.
CO 5 : To make the students understand the government monopoly and various policies on
radio and television media.
Syllabus
Unit I. Media, Ethics and the Constitution
1. Disseminating facets of media
2. Media and Ethics
3. Constitutional Rights of Media & Limitations on Freedom of Speech and Expression
4. Issues relating to reporting Legislature and Judiciary
Unit II. Media and the Law
1. Media & Criminal Law
2. Media and Civil wrongs (Torts)
3. Media & Copyright issues
4. Trial by Media: Influence on Adjudicators
Unit III. Advertisement and the Law
1. Basis of Advertisement
2. Content of Advertisements: Civil and Criminal liability
3. Advertising Standards Council of India: A Private Regulatory
4. Misleading Advertisements: Need for New Law
Unit IV. Electronic Media and Regulatory Law
1. Convergence of New Media in the Internet: Cinema, Social Media
2. Freedom of Private Broadcasting
3. Information Technology Act 2000
4. Cinematography Act, Pre-censorship, Indecent Representation of Women
(Prohibition) Act

75
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

Subject 4: Code of Civil Procedure and Limitation Act

Course Outcomes: On successful completion of this module, learners will be able:
CO 1 : To Study the importance of procedural laws. Procedural Law providing for a fair
procedure is significant for a just society.
CO 2 : To acquaint the students with the various stages through which a civil case
passes through, and the connected matters.
CO 3 : To acquaint the student with organisation of the functionaries, their power
and functions at various stages and the procedure according to which these
powers and functions are to be exercised under the provisions of procedural law.
CO 4 : To understand the concept of limitation and various provision of Limitation
Act.

Syllabus
UNIT I: Preliminary
1. Introduction
2. Definitions

UNIT II: Suits

1. Jurisdiction of Civil Courts
2. Res Sub Judice and Res Judicata
3. Foreign Judgment
4. Place of Suing
5. Institutions of Suit
6. Pleadings
7. Plaint and Written Statement
8. Appearance and Non-appearance of Parties
9. First Hearing
10. Discovery, Inspection and Production of Documents
11. Interim Orders
12. Withdrawal and Compromise of Suits
13. Death, Marriage and Insolvency of Parties
14. Trial
15. Judgment and Decree
16. Special Suits

UNIT III: Appeals, Reference, Review and Revision

1. General
2. First Appeals

76
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

3. Second Appeals
4. Appeals from Orders
5. Appeals by Indigent Persons
6. Appeals to Supreme Court
7. Reference
8. Review
9. Revision

UNIT IV: Execution

1. Execution in General
2. Courts Which May Execute Decrees
3. Application for Execution
4. Stay of Execution
5. Mode of Execution
6. Arrest and Detention
7. Attachment of Property
8. Questions to be Determined
9. Adjudication of Claims
10. Sale of Property
11. Delivery of Property
12. Distribution of Assets by Executing Court

UNIT V: Miscellaneous
1. Transfer of Cases
2. Restitution
3. Caveat
4. Inherent Powers of Courts
5. Delay in Civil Litigation

UNIT VI: Limitation

1. Limitation Act, 1963

Suggested Readings:
1. Justice C.K. Thakker et al., Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (In 6 Volumes) (Eastern
Book Company)(2020).
2. C.K. Takwani, Civil Procedure (CPC) (Eastern Book Company)(2024).
3. Dr. S.R. Myneni, Code of Civil Procedure & Limitation Act (Asia Law House) (2020).
4. Justice ML Singhal et al., Sarkar’s Code of Civil Procedure [Volume 1 & 2]
(LexisNexis)(2022).
5. The Code of Civil Procedure (Abridged) by Mulla (LexisNexis) (2023)

77
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

Subject 5: Drafting, Pleading and Conveyancing (Clinical Course)

Course Outcomes: On successful completion of this module, learners will be able:
CO 1 : To help the students to get an insight of the Drafting, Pleading and conveyancing.
CO 2 : To make the students learn about the importance of the various techniques involved
in drafting a legal document.
CO 3: To enable the students to draft legal documents such as Plaint, Written Statement,
Memorandum of Appeal, Sale deed, Mortgage deed, Lease deed, gift deed etc. required to
produce potential procedural practice in various court cases.
CO 4 : To enable the students to possess a thorough understanding of the detailed
technicalities involved in drafting and pleading.
CO 5 : To make the students understand the complex structure of the Conveyancing in an
effective manner.
CO 6 : To demonstrate a high level of understanding in learning the art of lawyer not only
both in written and oral form but also in analytical form.

Syllabus

Drafting
General Principles of Drafting and relevant Substantive rules shall be taught.

Pleadings

1. Civil
Plaint, Written Statements, Interlocutory Application, Original Petition, Affidavit Execution
Petition, Memorandum of appeal and revision, Petition under Articles 226 and 32 of the
Constitution of India.

2. Criminal:
Complaint, Criminal Miscellaneous Petition, Bail Application, Memorandum of Appeal and
Revision.

3. Conveyance:

78
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

Sale Deed, Mortgage Deed, Lease Deed, Gift Deed, Promissory Note, Power-of-Attorney, Will,
Trust Deed.

4. Drafting:
Drafting of Writ Petition and PIL Petition
The course will be taught through class instructions and simulation exercise preferably with
the assistance of Practising Lawyers/retired judges.

Clinical Course
Apart from teaching the relevant provision of law, the course may include not less than 15
Practical exercises in drafting carrying a total of 45 marks (3 marks for each) and 15
exercises in conveyance carrying another 45 marks (3 marks for each exercise), remaining
10 marks will be given for Viva-Voce.

79
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

B.A.LL.B. IV Year VIII semester

…………………………………………………………………

Subject 1: Bhartiya Sakshya Adhiniyam 2023

Course Outcomes: On successful completion of this module, learners will be able:

CO 1: To demonstrate a comprehensive understanding of the basic principles and concepts
of evidence law, including the types of evidence, relevance, and admissibility. They will be
able to explain the foundational aspects of evidence law and its significance in the judicial
process.
CO 2: To apply the rules of relevancy and admissibility of evidence in legal proceedings.
They will demonstrate the ability to identify and distinguish between facts that are relevant
and admissible under the Bhartiya Sakshya Adhiniyam 2023, and those that are not.
CO 3: To develop the skills to critically analyse and evaluate documentary and oral evidence.
They will be proficient in understanding the procedures for proving the contents of
documents, the distinctions between primary and secondary evidence, and the specific
provisions related to electronic evidence.
CO 4: To acquire expertise in the examination of witnesses, including the methods of direct
examination, cross-examination, and re-examination. They will be able to effectively assess
the credibility of witnesses and understand the legal implications of their testimony.
CO 5: To critically evaluate the various legal presumptions and the burden of proof as
stipulated in the Bhartiya Sakshya Adhiniyam 2023. They will be able to apply these
principles in practical scenarios, making informed legal arguments and decisions based on
the burden of proof and relevant presumptions.

Syllabus
Unit 1: Basic Concepts of Evidence Law
1. Introduction to Evidence Law
○ Definition and scope of evidence
○ Historical development and significance of evidence law
2. Relevancy of Facts
○ Facts in issue and relevant facts
○ Relevancy and admissibility of evidence
3. Types of Evidence

80
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

○ Oral evidence
○ Documentary evidence
○ Primary and secondary evidence
4. Presumptions and Burden of Proof
○ Legal presumptions
○ Burden of proof and its implications
5. Judicial Notice
○ Facts judicially noticeable
○ Scope and limitations
Unit 2: Relevancy of Facts (Sections 3-50)
1. General Principles of Relevance
2. Admissions
3. Confessions
4. Statements by Persons Who Cannot be Called as Witnesses
5. Statements made under special circumstances
6. Judgments of Courts when relevant
7. Opinions of Third Persons When Relevant
8. Character when relevant
Unit 3: On Proof, Oral evidence, Documentary evidence and related law (Sections
51-103)
1. Facts Which Need Not be Proved
2. Oral Evidence
3. Documentary Evidence
4. Public Documents
5. Presumptions as to Documents
6. Exclusion of Oral Evidence by Documentary Evidence
Unit 4: Production and Effect of Evidence (Sections 104-168)
1. Burden of Proof
2. Estoppel
3. Witnesses
4. Examination of Witnesses
Unit 5: Improper Admission and Rejection of Evidence and Miscellaneous (Sections
169-170)
1. Improper Admission and Rejection of Evidence (Sections 169-170)
○ No new trial for improper admission or rejection of evidence
○ Repeal and savings (Section 170)
○ Impact of Technology on Evidence Law
○ Challenges and solutions
○ Future trends in evidence law

81
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

Subject 2: Gender Justice and Feminist Jurisprudence

Course Outcomes: On successful completion of this module, learners will be able:
CO 1 : To evaluate the meaning of gender justice in complex settings.
CO 2 : To analyse the position of women in ancient , mediaeval and modern India.
CO 3 : To understand the socio-legal dimensions of gender and analysing personal
laws in India.
CO 4 : To get acquainted with gender equality and the law, and the legislations
related to women in India.
CO 5 : To evaluate feminist doctrines and their application to laws on violence
against women in India.
CO 6 : To make the students understand gender-based harassment and discrimination.

Syllabus
UNIT I: Women in Pre- Independence India
1. Social and legal inequality
2. Social reform movement in India
3. Gandhian movement
4. Nehru's views on joint family, etc.
5. Karachi congress- Fundamental Rights Resolution
6. Equality of sexes

UNIT II: Women in Post-Independence India

1. Preamble of the Constitution - Equality provisions in fundamental Rights and
Directives principles of State Policy
2. Negative Aspects of the Constitution - Exploitation of sex not mentioned in Article
23.
3. Different personal laws- unequal position of women
4. Uniform Civil Code towards gender justice
5. Indian tradition and family ideology: growth of feminism

UNIT III: Sex Inequality in Inheritance Rights

1. Continuance of feudal Institutions of joint family - women's inheritance position und
Hindu Law
2. Inheritance right of women under Christian law
3. Inheritance right of women under Parsi law

82
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

4. Inheritance right of women under Muslim law

5. Movement towards Uniform Civil Code
6. Matrimonial Property
7. Separation of property
8. Maintenance under different systems of personal law
9. Division of assets on divorce

UNIT IV: Social Welfare Laws for Women

Non-implementation of protective labour legislation
1. Maternity Benefit Act
2. Equal remuneration Act
3. Factories Act
4. Inequality in the workplace
5. Additional burden of domestic responsibilities
6. Male bias
7. Lack of neutrality in law

UNIT V: Criminal Law

1. Adultery
2. Rape
3. Dowry death
4. Cruelty to married women
5: Bigamy
6. Dowry prohibition
7. Amniocentesis

83
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

Subject 3: Health Law

Course Outcomes: On successful completion of this module, learners will be able:
CO 1 : To Understand the concept and meaning of Health.
CO 2 : To Analyse the International Law on Health.
CO 3 : To get acquainted with the Constitutional Safeguards related to Right to Health.
CO 4 : To analyse legislations related to Right to Health in India.
CO 5 : To explore Judicial developments in the field of Health Law.

Syllabus

UNIT I
1.Concept & Definition of Health
2. Right to health
3. International law & health

UNIT II
Constitutional protection - Fundamental Right & directive principle

UNIT III
Offence affecting the Public Health (Chapter XIV of IPC) Nuisance, miscarriage, (312.313IPC)
relevant provision of CrPC

UNIT IV
1.Health & Legal protection- environmental law
2.J.J. Act
3. Prenatal diagnostic technique, regulation
4. Prevention of misuses of Factory Act
5. Mental Healthcare Act,2017
6. Maternity benefit Act

UNIT V
Health law & Judiciary

84
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

Subject 4: Professional Ethics and Accounting System

Course Outcomes: On successful completion of this module, learners will be able:
CO 1 : To understand the basic purpose of professional ethics and the importance of values
and ethics in professional careers.
CO 2 : To relate professional legal ethics and human values.
CO 3 : To understand the professional rules of conduct for lawyers and get acquainted with
the codes of conduct.
CO 5 : To identify and analyse ethical issues in the subject matter under investigation.
CO 6 : To apply practical strategies for handling ethical dilemmas and integrate
academic learning with experiential learning in the profession.

Syllabus

Professional Ethics Accountancy for lawyers on the basis of the following materials.

(1) Mr.Krishnamurthy Iyer's book on" Advocacy"

(2) The Contempt Law and Practice
(3) The Bar Council Code of Ethics
(4) Fifty selected opinions of the Disciplinary Committees of Bar Councils and 10 major
judgments of the Supreme Court on the subject.
(5) Other reading materials as may be prescribed by the University by the university.

Note:-

● The written exam of this paper will have 80 marks and the viva- voce/Research paper
for project or participation in seminar will carry 20 marks
● Written examination will be conducted by the university
● Viva-voice will be conducted by the department of the colleges.

Suggested Readings
1. Prasoon Kumar Mishra, Advocacy and Professional Ethics (Notion Press, Inc.)(2021).
2. K.V. Krishnaswami Aiyar, Professional Conduct and Advocacy (Asia Law House)
(2023)

85
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

3. Raju Ramachandran, Professional Ethics for Lawyers-Changing Profession, Changing

Ethics (LexisNexis) (2014).
4. D.N. Mathur, Professional Ethics, Accountability for Lawyers and Bench-Bar Relations
( Central Law Publication)(2023).
5. Ranadhir Kumar De, Contempt of Court Law & Practice (Eastern Law House) (2012).
6. Kailash Rai, Legal Ethics, Accountability for Lawyers & Bench-Bar Relations (Central
Law Publication) (2022).

Subject 5: Comparative Constitutional Law

Course Outcomes: On successful completion of this module, learners will be able:

CO 1 : To explore the methodology and substance of Comparative constitutional law.

Attention will be given to several constitutional schemes including those of the United States
and the United Kingdom, which have historically served as models for constitutional
structures in many jurisdictions including especially Australia and other parts of the
Commonwealth.
CO 2 : To consider the variations on common constitutional themes as well as context-driven
divergences in several other jurisdictions in Africa, South Asia and South East Asia.
CO 3 : To understand the questions as to when, how and why to compare constitutions, and
to analyse the vastly different constitutional arrangements that govern the relationship
between the state, society and citizens across the world.

Syllabus
UNIT I: Concepts, Methods and Relevance.

1. Introduction to Comparative Methods.

2. Concept of Comparative Constitutional Studies.
3. Historical Underpinnings of Comparative Constitutional Studies.
4. Scope, Relevance and Challenges of Comparative Constitutional Studies.

UNIT II: Constitution and Constitutionalism

1. Constitution: Concept, Nature and Importance of Constitution-Evolution of
Constitutional Values-Requisites of Ideal Constitution-Historical Evolution of
Constitutional Government
2. Constitutionalism: Concept-Evolution-Limitations, Constitutional
Supremacy-Separation of Power

86
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

UNIT III: Comparative Constitutions

1. Scope of Comparative Constitutional Law: Need for Comparative Study of
Constitutional Law in Constitution Making
2. Types of Constitutions: Written Constitutions-U.S.A, Canada, Australia and India;
Unwritten Constitutions-England

UNIT IV: Judicial Review and Civil Rights

1. Judicial Review-Fundamental Rights; Writ Jurisdiction-A Comparative Study
2. Civil Liberties/Rights: Structure-Enforcement-Individual Rights-Group
Rights-National Security

UNIT V:Federalism
1. Concepts of Federalism and Federal Government-Conditions Essential for Federalism;
Patterns of Federal Government: U.S.A, Australia, Canada and India
2. New Trends in Federalism: Cooperative Federalism-Political factors Influencing
Federalism, Central Control v. State Autonomy-Dynamics of Federalism

Suggested Readings:
1. D. D. Basu: Introduction to the Constitution of India, Lexis-Nexis, New Delhi.
2. D. D. Basu: Comparative Constitution Law, LexisNexis India, Gurgaon.
3. Granville Austin: The Indian Constitution: Cornerstone of a Nation, OUP, Oxford.
4. M. P. Jain: Indian Constitutional Law, LexisNexis India, Gurgaon
5. M. P. Singh: V.N Shukla’s Constitutional Law, Eastern Book Company, Lucknow
6. S. P. Sathe: Judicial Activism in India: Transgressing Borders and Enforcing Limits,
OUP, Oxford.
7. Nuzhat Parveen Khan: Comparative Constitutional Law, Satyam Law International,
New Delhi.
8. Michael Burgess: Comparative Federalism, Theory and Practice, Routledge, NewYork,
9. U. Baxi: ‘Rule of Law in India: Theory and Practice’, in Randall Peerenboom (ed.),
Asian Discourses of Rule of Law, Routledge, London.

87
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

BA LLB V Year IX semester

……………………………………………………………

Subject 1: Local Self Govt.

Course Outcomes: On successful completion of this module, learners will be able:
CO 1: To introduce the students to the concept of local self government,its evolution,nature
and doctrine of distribution of powers.
CO 2: To understand the Constitutional provisions relating to panchayats including
Panchayati Raj Act 1993.
CO 3: To understand the Constitutional provisions relating to municipalities including Nagar
Palika Adhiniyam.

Syllabus
UNIT - I
Local self Government- meaning, evolution, nature, doctrine of distribution of power

88
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

UNIT - II
Constitution Provisions- Directive principles, 73rd and 74t amendment;
Panchayats-Constitution, Composition, Powers and responsibilities, Election (Article -243,
243A- O) and 124 schedule.

UNIT - III
The Municipalities- Constitution, Composition, Reservation of seats,
Powers and responsibilities Election, Wards Committees (Article 243 P, ZG and 280)

UNIT - IV
Panchayati Raj Act 1993

UNIT - V
Nagar Palika Adhiniyam

Subject 2. Taxation
Course Outcomes: On successful completion of this module, learners will be able:
CO1: To provide an in-depth understanding of the framework of the taxation system in India.
CO2: To impart comprehensive understanding of crucial concepts, their application under
the Income Tax Act, 1961.
CO3: To gain knowledge of various provisions of Income Tax Act & Direct Tax Code
including the analysis of judicial interpretations.
CO4: For better understanding of Computation and Assessment of Direct Tax in India.

Syllabus
UNIT-I
Income Tax Act
Basic concepts-basic of charges of tax: Definitions: residential status of assesses- its impact
on tax liability
UNIT-II
Heads of income-general concepts - chargeability to tax - admissible & inadmissible
deductions, exclusions and deductions from income, set off and carry forward of losses

89
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

UNIT-III
Income tax authorities- powers & functions, assessment allotment of permanent account
number, economic criteria scheme
UNIT-IV
Rectification, revision, appeal, reference
UNIT-V
Penalties and prosecutions under income tax act, 1961 for non-compliance, contravention,
avoidance and evasion of tax

Subject 3: Offence Against Child

Course Outcomes: On successful completion of this module, learners will be able:
CO 1: To Work efficiently and with critical engagement with various concepts of Criminal law
in relation to
child protection , having due regard to the practical implementation of the principles in
actual cases.
CO 2: To develop coherent, comprehensive and persuasive arguments from an adversarial
point of view.
CO 3: To understand the various dimensions of the various aspects of crime and criminal
behaviour and the implementation of the law through Judicial interpretation, etc.
CO 4: To demonstrate a thorough and contextual knowledge of various offences under the
I.P.C, Cr.P.C, JJ Act 2015 and the various leading cases, particularly in its application to real
life legal scenarios.
CO 5: To demonstrate a high level of skill in academic and professional legal writing.

Syllabus

Unit-I

90
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

Definition and Concepts of Child and Juvenile, Causes and Kinds of Offences Against Child,
International Conventions for Protection of Children.

Unit-II
Child labour, Forced Labour, Offences against Child (Section 93- 99 Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita)
Kidnapping, abduction, slavery and forced labour (Section 137- 146 99 Bhartiya Nyaya
Sanhita) Sexual offences against child under Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, Exemption of Child
from Criminal Liability under Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita.

Unit-III
Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act (2012), Child Marriage Restrain Act (1929),
Prohibition of Child Marriage Act 2006, Female Foeticide, PC-PNDT Act 1994.

Unit-IV
Child Pornography, IT Act 2000 (Section 67B), Cyber Appellate Tribunal (Section 48 to 58 IT
ACT)

Unit-V
National Commission for the Protection of Child Rights Act 2005, Judicial Activism with
respect to Children.

Suggested readings
1. Savitri Goonesekar, Children Law and Justice (SAGE Publications Pvt. Ltd)(1997).
2. Anjani Kant, Law Relating to Women & Children (Central Law Publications) (2020).
3. S C Tripathi & Vibha Arora, Law Relating to Women & Children (Central Law
Publication) (2021).
4. S.K. Chatterjee, Offences Against Children and Juvenile Offence (Central Law
Publications) (2016).
5. Dr. S.R. Myneni, Offences Against Child & Juvenile Offence (Allahabad Law
Agency)(2018).
6. SS Singh, Offences against Children and Juvenile Offence (Allahabad Law Publication)
(2018).

Subject 4: Criminology and Penology

Course Outcomes: On successful completion of this module, learners will be able:
CO 1: To understand the reasons which pushes a person towards committing a crime. Is the
crime committed because of the social conditions or local community of the perpetrator or
because the perpetrator has criminal instincts ?

91
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

CO 2: To study and evaluate the application of penal laws upon the wrongdoers. To broadly
explain the justification, characteristics, and effectiveness of punishment in its various
forms.
CO 3: To study the victims, and the consequences of crimes upon the victim and the
problems faced by them as a social reality.

Syllabus
Unit-I
Criminology
1. The concept of Crime
2. Nature and scope of criminology
3. Schools of criminology
Unit-II
1. Theories of crime demagogical theory, free wills theory, organic deficiency, mental
deficiency theory, psycho- analytical theory, heredity theory, ecological theory
Unit-III
1. Organised crimes- meaning, kinds
2. White collar Crime- Vohra committee 3. Alcoholism and crime report
4. Drug addiction and crime
5. Crime statistics
Unit-IV: Penology
1. Theories of punishments- deterrent, preventive, retributive, reformative and expiatory
theory
2. Finds of punishment and judicial sentencing
3. Capital punishment
4. The police system
5. Criminal laws Courts protection to the accused strict construction of penal statutes penal
law not to be retrospective in operation
Unit-V
1. The prison administration
2. Probation
3. Parole
4. Recidivism
5. Juvenile delinquency prohibition against double prohibition against incrimination
presumption of innocence of the aid accused speedy trial.

Subject 5: Alternative Dispute Resolution (Clinical Course)

Course Outcomes: On successful completion of this module, learners will be able:
CO 1: To understand the meaning, significance, merits and demerits of different alternative
dispute resolution mechanisms present in India i.e., Arbitration, Conciliation, Mediation,
Judicial Settlement, and Lok Adalat.

92
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

CO 2: To understand in detail the concept, provisions, mechanism, enforcement, judicial

cases, and latest developments in the two most common forms of ADR i.e., arbitration and
conciliation under the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996.
CO 3: To learn about the dispute resolution through Lok Adalats under the Legal Services
Authorities Act, 1987.

Syllabus

Unit I: Introduction to Alternative Dispute Resolutions (ADR)

● Concept and Overview

○ Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR): Concept, Scope, and Development of
ADR in India.
○ Historical evolution and reasons for the growth of ADR
○ Advantages and disadvantages of ADR
○ Indian Legislative Framework for ADR in India including constitutional
provisions, section 89 CPC, etc.
● Forms of ADR in India and comparative analysis.

Unit II: Arbitration Law in India

● Introduction to Arbitration
○ Concept and Essential features
○ Types of arbitrations.
○ Need of Arbitration in International and Indian Law
○ Arbitration Law before 1996
● Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996
○ Definition and concept of arbitration.
○ Historical development and evolution of arbitration law in India.
○ Objectives and scope of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996.
○ Key Definitions and Provisions
○ Important terms under the Act: Arbitration, Arbitral Tribunal, Arbitration Agreement,
Arbitral Award, etc.
○ Understanding the scope of the Act (Section 1 and Section 2).
● Arbitration Agreement
○ Definition and essentials of an arbitration agreement (Section 7).
○ Form and content of the arbitration agreement.
○ Legal binding nature of arbitration agreements.
○ Case laws and examples.

93
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

● Appointment of Arbitrators
○ Process for the appointment of arbitrators (Section 11).
○ Role of the Supreme Court and High Courts in the appointment process.
○ Challenges in the appointment process and the role of institutional arbitration.
○ Qualifications, neutrality, and independence of arbitrators.
● Jurisdiction of Arbitral Tribunals
○ Competence of arbitral tribunals to rule on their own jurisdiction (Section 16).
○ Doctrine of Kompetenz-Kompetenz.
○ Challenging the jurisdiction of the arbitral tribunal.
● Conduct of Arbitral Proceedings
○ General rules and principles governing arbitral proceedings (Section 18).
○ Determination of procedural rules (Section 19).
○ Place of arbitration (Section 20) and commencement of arbitral proceedings (Section
21).
○ Language of arbitration (Section 22).
○ Submission of statements of claim and defence (Section 23).
○ Hearings and written proceedings (Section 24).
○ Default of a party and its consequences (Section 25).
● Interim Measures
○ Interim measures by the court (Section 9).
○ Interim measures by the arbitral tribunal (Section 17).
○ Enforcement of interim measures.
● Arbitral Awards
○ Form and content of the arbitral award (Section 31).
○ Time limit for making arbitral awards (Section 29A).
○ Fast track procedures (Section 29B).
○ Termination of proceedings (Section 32).
○ Settlement and its effect on arbitral proceedings (Section 30).
○ Correction and interpretation of awards; additional awards (Section 33).
● Challenging and Enforcement of Arbitral Awards
○ Grounds for setting aside arbitral awards (Section 34).
○ Finality and enforcement of arbitral awards (Sections 35 and 36).
○ Appeals against certain orders (Section 37).
● International Commercial Arbitration
○ Definition and Scope
○ Understanding "international commercial arbitration" as defined in Section 2(1)(f) of
the Act.

94
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

○ Criteria for an arbitration to be classified as international, including nationality and

habitual residence of parties, location of business operations, and nature of the legal
relationship.
○ Key amendments introduced to the Arbitration and Conciliation Act affecting
international arbitration (e.g., amendments in 2015, 2019, and 2021).
○ Impact of these amendments on the efficiency and effectiveness of international
commercial arbitration in India.
○ Analysis of landmark judgments by Indian courts on international commercial
arbitration.
○ Trends in judicial interpretation and support for arbitration in India.
○ Choosing India as an Arbitration Seat
○ Advantages of choosing India as the seat of arbitration for international commercial
disputes.
○ Considerations for drafting arbitration clauses and selecting arbitrators.
○ Challenges and Best Practices
○ Common challenges faced in international commercial arbitration involving Indian
parties.
○ Best practices for ensuring effective and fair arbitration proceedings.
● Enforcement of certain foreign awards (Part II Chapter I and II)
○ New York Convention Awards
○ Geneva Convention Awards.
● Special Provisions and Recent Amendments

Unit III: Conciliation Law in India

● Definition and concept of conciliation.

● Objectives and scope of conciliation as an alternative dispute resolution (ADR) mechanism.
● Types of disputes suitable for conciliation.
● Differences between arbitration and conciliation.
● Conciliation under Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 (Part III Arbitration and
Conciliation Act, 1996)

Unit IV: Mediation Law in India

● Mediation Act, 2023

○ Key features and objectives of the Act
○ Mediation Agreement: Formation and essentials
○ Pre-litigation Mediation: Scope and process
○ Role and qualifications of mediators

95
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

○ Institutional Mediation: Structure and functioning

● Mediation Process
○ Stages of mediation: Pre-mediation, mediation sessions, and post-mediation
○ Techniques and strategies for effective mediation
○ Drafting and enforcement of mediated settlement agreements
○ Role of courts in mediation: Referral and support

Unit V: Lok Adalat and Other ADR Mechanisms

● Lok Adalat under the Legal Services Authorities Act, 1987

○ Establishment and jurisdiction of Lok Adalats
○ Procedure and functioning of Lok Adalats
○ Types of cases handled by Lok Adalats
○ Powers of Lok Adalats and enforceability of awards

PRACTICAL
Lok Adalat
Legal camp

Suggested Readings
1. Avtar Singh, Law of Arbitration and Conciliation with Alternative Dispute Resolution
Systems (Eastern Book Company) (2024).
2. Dr. S.R. Myneni, Alternate Dispute Resolution (Asia Law House)(2023).
3. P C Markanda, Law Relating to Arbitration and Conciliation (LexisNexis)(2022).
4. 222nd Report of the Law Commission of India on NEED FOR JUSTICE-DISPENSATION
THROUGH ADR, etc. (2009)
5. 246th Report of the Law Commission of India on AMENDMENTS TO THE
ARBITRATION AND CONCILIATION ACT 1996 (2014)
6. Shashank Garg (ed), Alternative Dispute Resolution: The Indian Perspective (Oxford
University Press) (2018).
7. K.V. Satyanarayana, Law of Arbitration and Conciliation in India (Asia Law House)
(2020).
8. Sarthak Arora, Mediation as Dispute Resolution with Special Emphasis on the
Mediation Act 2023 (Whitesmann Publishing) (2024).

96
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

BA LLB V Year X semester

……………………………………………………………
Subject 1: Public International Law
Course Outcomes: On successful completion of this module, learners will be able:

CO 1: To attain in-depth knowledge of the sources of international law (treaties and

customary international law), subjects of international law (identifying rights and
obligations of States, IOs, NGOs, individuals), the institutional framework (UN, WTO, regional
agencies, etc.) and dispute resolution framework (courts, arbitration tribunals, conciliation,
as well use of sanctions and force).
CO 2: To address contemporary real world issues such as: how the rule of law is upheld at
the international level, processes such as “internationalisation of national law” and
“constitutionalization of international law”.
CO 3: To understand the interdependence of the countries and how they are constantly
addressing the global issues through peaceful measures.
Co 3: Students should be able to understand the pros and cons of arguments, legal drafting
and legal research.
CO 4: To foster a high level of understanding in the matters pertaining to Mock Trials, Trial
Advocacy, Mooting Debates, etc.
CO 5: To make the students understand the emerging trends in the domain of Moot Courts
and legal research and how the courtroom actually functions.
CO 6: To improve and direct their skills so as to promote the best practices in the legal
profession.

Syllabus

Unit I: Introduction and Sources of International Law

1. Definition and Nature of International Law

○ Definition and scope

97
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

○ Historical evolution
■ Ancient and mediaeval periods
■ The Peace of Westphalia and the emergence of the modern state
system
■ Major milestones in the evolution of international law
○ Nature and characteristics of international law
○ Theories and concepts in international law
○ Codification of International Law: Work of International Law Commission
2. Sources of International Law
○ Treaties: formation, application, and termination
○ International custom: definition, role, and examples
○ General principles of law recognized by civilised nations
○ Judicial decisions and writings of publicists
○ Soft law and other sources
3. International Law vs. Municipal Law
○ Theories: Dualism and Monism
○ Interaction between international and domestic law
○ Cases of conflict and resolution
○ Application of International Law in National Courts
■ Role of national courts in enforcing international law
■ Case studies on the application of international law in domestic courts
■ Municipal law before international courts and tribunals

Unit II: Subjects of International Law

1. States: Criteria for Statehood and Recognition

○ Criteria for statehood
○ Modes of acquiring territory: occupation, accretion, cession, conquest, and
prescription
○ Territorial disputes and resolutions
○ Loss of territory: secession and dissolution
2. Non-State Actors
○ Individuals as subjects of international law.
i. Nationality
ii. Asylum
iii. Extradition
○ Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs)
○ Multinational Corporations (MNCs)
○ The role of insurgents, belligerents, and national liberation movements

Unit III: Recognition of States, Governments, and Intergovernmental Organizations

98
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

1. Recognition
○ Recognition of a State in International Law
○ Recognition of Governments
○ Recognition of States and Governments in the Municipal Law of India
○ Recognition of IGOs
2. State Succession
○ Continuity and succession
○ Succession to treaties
■ Categories of treaties: territorial, political, and other treaties
■ Succession to territorial treaties
■ Succession to political treaties
■ Succession to treaties generally

Unit IV: Jurisdiction, State Responsibility, Peaceful Settlement of Disputes, Use of

Force

1. Jurisdiction in International Law

○ Principles of jurisdiction: territoriality, nationality, protective principle,
universality, and passive personality
○ Concurrent jurisdiction and the ‘effects doctrine’
○ Jurisdiction to adjudicate and enforce
2. State Responsibility for Wrongful Acts
○ Theories and principles of state responsibility
○ Consequences of wrongful acts
○ Reparation and compensation
3. Peaceful Settlement of Disputes
○ Diplomatic means: negotiation, mediation, conciliation, Good Offices
○ Legal means: arbitration, adjudication by the International Court of Justice
○ Compulsive Means of Settlement: Retorsion, Reprisals, Embargo, Pacific
Blockade, Intervention
4. Use of Force in International Law
○ Prohibition of the use of force under the UN Charter
○ Exceptions: self-defence, collective security, and humanitarian intervention

Unit V: Law of Treaties and International Organizations

1. Law of Treaties
○ Concept of Treaty
○ Making of Treaties
○ Kinds of Treaties
○ Binding Force of Treaties

99
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

■ Pacta Sunt Servanda

■ Jus Cogens
■ Rebus Sic Stantibus
○ Main Features of the 1969 Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties (VCLT)
■ The Fundamental Principles of the Law of Treaties
■ The Definition of a Treaty under the VCLT
■ Conclusion of Treaties
■ Reservations to Treaties
■ Entry into Force, Deposit, Registration, and Publication of Treaties
■ Validity of Treaties
■ Application of Treaties
■ Amendment and Modification of Treaties
■ Interpretation of Treaties
■ Termination and Suspension of Treaties
■ Settlement of Disputes
2. International Organizations
○ United Nations Organization (UNO)
■ Structure and functions
■ Main organs
○ International Court of Justice (ICJ)
■ Jurisdiction and function
■ Key cases and their impact

Suggested Readings
1. Malcolm N. Shaw, International Law (Cambridge University Press) (2021)
2. D. Harris & Sandesh Sivakumaran, Cases and Materials on International Law (Sweet
& Maxwell)(2020).
3. James Crawford, Brownlie’s Principles of Public International Law (Oxford University
Press) (2019).
4. Gurdip Singh, International Law (Eastern Book Company) (2015)
5. V. K. Ahuja, Public International Law (LexisNexis) (2015).
6. S. K. Verma, An introduction to Public International Law (Satyam Law International)
(2019).
7. J.L Kaul & Anupam Jha, Shifting Horizons of Public International Law (Springer
Publications) (2018).

100
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

Subject 2: Right to Information

Course Outcomes: On successful completion of this module, learners will be able:

CO 1: Describe and analyse concepts and legislative provisions related to Right to
Information in India.
CO 2:To apply the steps to obtain information from public authorities under RTI Act; analyse
the relationship of Right to Information Act with other statutes in India;
CO 3: To identify different legislation with provisions beneficial or adverse to freedom.

Syllabus

Unit 1: Introduction to Right to Information (RTI)

1. Concept and Evolution

○ Definition and significance of RTI.
○ Historical background and development of RTI in India.
○ International perspectives on RTI.
2. Legal Framework
○ Overview of the Right to Information Act, 2005.
○ Constitutional basis of RTI in India.
○ Comparison with RTI laws in other countries.
3. Objectives and Importance
○ Empowerment of citizens.

101
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

○ Transparency and accountability in governance.

○ Promoting good governance.
4. Scope and Applicability
○ Who can request information?
○ What constitutes "information" under the Act?
○ Public authorities covered under the Act.

Unit 2: Procedures and Mechanisms

1. Filing an RTI Application

○ Steps to file an RTI application.
○ Format and content of the RTI application.
○ Time limits for filing and responding to RTI requests.
2. Role of Public Information Officers (PIOs)
○ Duties and responsibilities of PIOs.
○ Appointment and training of PIOs.
○ Handling and processing of RTI requests by PIOs.
3. Appeal Process
○ First Appeal: Grounds, procedure, and time limits.
○ Second Appeal: Role of the Central and State Information Commissions.
○ Case studies on appeals and decisions.
4. Exemptions and Limitations
○ Specific exemptions under Section 8 and 9 of the RTI Act.
○ Partial disclosure and severability.
○ Third-party information and confidentiality.

Unit 3: Role of Information Commissions

1. Central Information Commission (CIC)

○ Composition, powers, and functions.
○ Procedures for complaints and appeals.
○ Landmark decisions and their impact.
2. State Information Commissions (SICs)
○ Composition, powers, and functions.
○ Procedures for complaints and appeals.
○ Case studies on significant SIC rulings.
3. Enforcement and Penalties
○ Powers of Information Commissions to impose penalties.
○ Measures to ensure compliance by public authorities.
○ Challenges in enforcement and compliance.

Unit 4: Impact and Challenges

102
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

1. Impact of RTI on Governance

○ Success stories of RTI in promoting transparency.
○ Role of RTI in combating corruption.
○ RTI and citizen participation in governance.
2. Challenges and Issues
○ Misuse and abuse of RTI.
○ Problems faced by information seekers and PIOs.
○ Institutional and procedural challenges.
3. Recent Developments and Reforms
○ Amendments to the RTI Act.
○ Judicial interpretations and landmark judgments.
○ Proposals for strengthening the RTI regime.

Unit 5: Practical Application and Future Prospects

1. RTI and Media

○ Role of media in promoting RTI.
○ Use of RTI by journalists for investigative reporting.
○ Case studies on RTI and media exposure.
2. RTI and Civil Society
○ Role of NGOs and civil society organisations.
○ Community-led RTI initiatives and success stories.
○ Advocacy for RTI awareness and training programs.
3. Future of RTI in India
○ Technological advancements and RTI (e-governance, digital RTI applications).
○ Prospects for expanding RTI to the private sector.
○ Vision for RTI in enhancing democratic governance.

103
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

Subject 3: Land Laws including Tenure and Tenancy system.

(Optional)
Course Outcomes: On successful completion of this module, learners will be able:
CO 1: To understand the relationship between Land Law and other areas of law including
Property Law, Contract Law, Equity, Civil Remedies, Torts and Succession.
CO 2: To develop the skill of legal analysis in order to critically analyse and synthesise the
principles and authorities of Land Law.
CO 3: To develop the ability to apply the principles and authorities of Land Law in the
solution of problems and to develop the analytical and communications skills necessary to
formulate and articulate persuasive arguments either orally, in writing or under
examination conditions.
CO 4: To allow the student to appreciate the purposes and context of Land Law.

Syllabus

Unit 1: Introduction to Land Laws and Revenue Administration

1. Historical Background and Evolution

○ Pre-independence land tenure systems in India.
○ Development of land laws post-independence.
○ Overview of land reforms in Madhya Pradesh.
2. Madhya Pradesh Land Revenue Code, 1959
○ Objectives and scope of the Code.
○ Important definitions (Section 2).
○ Structure and administrative setup under the Code.
3. Amendments and Recent Changes
○ Overview of the Madhya Pradesh Land Revenue Code (Amendment) Act, 2019.

104
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

○ Key changes introduced by the amendment.

○ Impact of the amendment on tenure and tenancy systems.

Unit-II Revenue Board; Revenue Officers; Land and land revenue

Revenue Board and Revenue Officers

1. Constitution and conditions of service of members

2. Jurisdiction of Board and power of Board
3. Revenue Officers, their classes, power, and procedure of revenue officers and revenue
courts.
4. Powers of state government to alter the limits.
5. Powers of State Government of appointing Revenue Officers.
6. Sub-divisional Officers
7. Power to transfer Cases
8. Conferral of Status of Courts, Inherent Powers, and other Powers of Revenue Courts.
9. Appeal, Revision, and Review
10. Appellate, Authorities, and their powers and limitation for appeals,
11. Revision
12. Review of orders
13. Stay of execution

Land and revenue

1. State ownership in all lands, Liability of land to pay land revenue, Land exempted
from payment of land revenue, and variation of land revenue.
2. Assessment, Reassessment
3. Revenue survey and settlement in non-urban areas.
4. Appointment and power of settlement officers.
5. Revenue survey
6. Settlement of rent
7. Assessment and reassessment of land in urban area
8. Land records
9. Formation of circles and appointment of Patwari and Revenue Inspectors
10. Land records, Field map, Record of Rights
11. Realisation of Land Revenue.

Unit-III Tenure Holders

1. Bhuswami
2. Rights of Transfer, Forfeiture, lease, set aside of transfer, reversion of land of
members of aboriginal tribes, diversion of land, relinquishment, abandonment,
disposal and partition of holding.

105
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

3. Occupancy tenants

Unit-IV Government lessee and service land rights and liabilities of government lessee
1. Government lease-Appointment, termination of lease, service land
2. Alluvion and diluvion
3. Consolidation of Holding
4. Village Officers
5. Patels
6. Kotwars
Unit-V Rights in Abadi and Unoccupied land
1. Gram Sabha
2. Wajib-ul-arz
3. Nistar Patrak
4. Rights in forest easement
5. Exclusive jurisdiction of revenue courts
6. Miscellaneous provisions

106
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

Subject 4: Indirect Taxation (Optional)

Course Outcomes: On successful completion of this module, learners will be able:
1. To understand the taxation structure in India.
2. To understand basic provisions regarding two major acts contributing to Government
Funds . 3. To acquire knowledge about valuation of goods under Customs Act and clarity
about the concept of “ One Nation One Tax “. Availability of Input tax credit
4. To get acquainted with basic knowledge of registration and e-filing process under GST Act.

Syllabus
UNIT – I: Introduction
1. Tax Structure in India
2. Distinction between Tax and Fee. Charge, duty and surcharge
3. Objectives of Taxation
4. Role of Taxation in achieving the Objectives of Directive Principles.
5. International Perspective of Indirect Taxes.
6. Foreign Trade Policy.

UNIT – II: Constitutional perspective & Origin of GST

1. Constitutional Background of GST
2. The Constitution (One Hundred and First) Amendment Act
3. General Features of Goods and Service Tax dealt under this Amendment.
4. Taxation and Right to Equality
5. Taxation and Freedom of Trade, Commerce and Intercourse. Background and Basic
concept of GST
6. Concept of Value Added Tax and its application in GST
7. Major defects in the old structure of Indirect Taxes
8. Reasons for introducing Goods and Service Tax (GST)
9. GST Council and its Role

107
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

UNIT – III: Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017

1. Important definitions
a. Business
b. Capital Goods
c. Export & Import of Goods and Services
d. Goods
e. Services
2. Classes of Officers under the Central Goods and Services Tax Act (CGST) and the State
Goods and Services Tax Act (SGST), and their appointments and powers.
3. Levy and Collection.
4. Composition Scheme
5. Input Tax Credit.
6. Registration under GST.
7. Tax Invoice, Credit and Debit Notes.
8. Offences and Penalties.
9. Meaning, levy and Collection of Integrated Goods and Service Tax (IGST)
UNIT - IV: M.P. Commercial - Tax Act - 1994.
1. Introduction
2. Important definitions
3. Tax Liability
4. Value added tax
5. Exempted goods
6. Taxable goods & rates of tax
7. License, registration & recognition
8. Commercial - Tax authorities & their powers
9. Assessment procedure
10. Payment recovery & refund & tax
11. Penalties & prosecution
12. Appeals & revision
13. Computation of tax

UNIT- V: Custom Duty Act - 1962

1. Introduction
2. Custom duty- definitions
3. Custom duty - authorities & their powers
4. Penalties & prosecution
5. Appeals & revision
6. Valuation
7. Import- export procedure
8. Export promotion schemes

108
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

Subject 5: Women And Criminal Law (Optional)

Course Outcomes: On successful completion of this module, learners will be able:
CO 1: To identify and understand the roles of women in the criminal justice system.
CO 2: To identify and understand multiple marginality and how it plays out in the lives of
women
CO 3: To evaluate public discourse determine policy considerations that ultimately impact
women in the criminal justice system.

Syllabus

UNIT – I

Crime against women- Nature, Causes and Kinds. Constitutional and International
Commitments for Protection of Women.

UNIT – II

Offences against women under the Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita: Rape, Criminal Force, Assault,
Stalking, Voyeurism, Causing miscarriage, Insulting the modesty of a woman, Kidnapping
and Abduction.

UNIT- III

Dowry death and related provisions under various laws. Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961.

UNIT – IV

Sexual harassment of women- meaning, protection under Indian laws. Sexual Harassment of
Women at Workplace (Prevention, Prohibition and Redressal) Act, 2013, The Indecent
Representation of Women (Prohibition) Act, 1986.

109
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

UNIT – V

Cruelty and domestic violence against women- meaning and protection under Indian laws.
The Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005. Cyber Crimes against Women.

Suggested Readings
1. P. K. Das, Handbook on Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act & Rules
(Universal Law Publishing) (2010).
2. Ameer Sultana et al., Violence Against Women: Issues And Perspectives (Deep &
Deep Publications)(2006)
3. K. Kumar et al., Offences Against Women: Socio-legal Perspectives (Regency
Publications)(2002)
4. V.K. Dewan, Law relating to Offences against Women (Asia Law House)(2020)
5. Debarati Halder & K. Jaishankar, Cyber Crimes against Women in India (Sage
Publications India Pvt Ltd) (2016).
6. James Vadackumchery, Police, Women and Gender Justice (A.P.H. Publishing
Corporation)(2000).

Subject 6: Information Technology Law (Optional)

Course Outcomes: On successful completion of this module, learners will be able:
CO 1: to be Conversant with The Social And Intellectual Property Issues Emerging From
‘Cyberspace.
CO 2: To explore The Legal And Policy Developments In Various Countries To Regulate
Cyberspace;
CO 3: Develop The Understanding Of Relationship Between Commerce And Cyberspace;
CO 4: Give Learners In Depth Knowledge Of Information Technology Act And Legal
Framework Of Right To Privacy, Data Security And Data Protection. 5. Make Study On
Various Case Studies On Real Time Crimes.

Syllabus
Unit I. Introduction
1. Origin and meaning of Cyberspace
2. Cyberspace vs. Physical space
3. Legal Issues in Cyberspace
4. Need of Regulation for Cyberspace
5. Different Models of Cyberspace Regulation
Unit II. Information Technology Act

110
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

1. A brief overview of Information Technology Act, 2000

2. IT Act 2000 vs. IT Amendment Act 2008
3. Relevant provisions from Indian Penal Code, Indian Evidence Act, Bankers Book Evidence
Act, Reserve Bank of India Act, etc.
Unit III. Concept Of Electronic Signature And Digital Signature
1. Relevance of Signature
2. Handwritten signature vs Digital Signature
3. Technological Advancement and development of signature
4. Digital Signature and Cryptography, Public Key and Private Key, Public Key Infrastructure
5. Electronic Signature
6. Electronic Signature vs. Digital Signature
7. UNCITRAL Model Law on Electronic Signature
Unit IV. E – Commerce
1. Meaning and Origin of E-commerce
2. Tools of E-Commerce and Models of e-commerce
3. UNCITRAL Model Law on E-commerce
4. E-Commerce under IT Act,2000
5. Issues and challenges of E-Commerce
Unit V. Cyber Crimes
1. Cyber Crimes - Definitions and Nature
2. Conventional Crimes vs Cyber Crimes
3. Types of Cyber Crimes
4. Cyber offences covered under the Information Technology Act, 2000
5. Cyber offences and other laws (IPC, POCSO etc.)
6. Issues relating to investigation of cybercrimes in India
7. Cyber Contravention

Suggested Readings
1. Vakul Sharma, Information Technology Law and Practice (Universal
LexisNexis)(2023)
2. Krishna Pal Malik, Information Technology & Cyber Law (Allahabad Law
Agency)(2023)
3. Justice Yatindra Singh, Information Technology Law (Law & Justice Publishing Co.)
(2023).
4. N S Nappinai, Technology Laws Decoded (LexisNexis)(2017).
5. Shobha Singh Thakur et al., Emerging trends in cyber crimes and cyber laws in india
(Book Rivers)(2023).

111
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

Subject 7: International Environmental Law (Optional)

Course Outcomes: On successful completion of this module, learners will be able:
CO 1: To learn about the significance of developments in international environmental law
and the fundamental principles that have emerged.
CO 2: To understand about the human right to environment and constitutional framework
governing the environment in select countries, including India.
CO 3: To comprehend the statutory and regulatory mechanisms pertaining to the
environment in India.
CO 4: To understand judicial response to environmental issues in India.
CO 5: To know about the importance of public participation through Right to information,
Public Interest Litigation and other remedies in preserving and protecting the environment.

112
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

CO 6: to study the role of international/ national environmental institutions, NGOs, civil

society and community involvement in promoting the cause of the environment.
CO 7: To understand the emerging environmental issues as ozone depletion, climate change,
energy crisis, nuclear issues, waste accumulation, marine ecology etc., and the viability of
posited solutions.

Syllabus

UNIT-I
Concept of Environment and Pollution
1. Environment, Meaning and concept
2. Pollution-Meaning and Effects of pollution
3. Environmental Pollution (Water, Air and Noise Pollution)
4. Meaning and standards, Culprits and victims, Offences and penalties,

UNIT-II
International Historical Perspective
1. Stockholm conference
2. Rio conference
3. U.N. declaration on right to development

UNIT-III
Environment Protection Measures VIS A VIS Environment Pollution
1. Protection agencies: power and functions
2. Protection: means and sanctions
3. Emerging principles through delegated legislation
4. Hazardous waste
5. Biomedical waste
6. Judiciary: complex problems in administration of environmental justice

UNIT-IV
A. Forest and Wildlife Protection
1. Greenery conservation laws
2. Forest conservation
3. Conservation agencies
4. Prior approval and non-forest purpose
5. Symbiotic relationship with tribal people
6. Deforestation: Judicial approach
7. Sanctuaries and national parks
8. Licensing of zoos and parks
9. State monopoly on the sale of wildlife and wildlife articles

113
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

10. Wildlife
11. Offences against wildlife
B. Biodiversity
1. Legal Control
2. Control of eco unfriendly experimentation on animals, plants, seeds &
microorganisms

Subject 8: Comparative criminal Procedure (Optional)

Course Outcomes: On successful completion of this module, learners will be able:
CO 1: To provide an in-depth analysis of Comparative Criminal Law.
CO 2: To explain and apply relevant theories and laws in Criminal Law in diverse
jurisdictions
CO 3: To interpret theories and doctrines, and give recommendations where appropriate.
CO 4: To show the ability to analyse various aspects of Criminal Law, review, and synthesise
knowledge.
Syllabus
UNIT- I
Organization of Courts and prosecuting Agencies
I. Hierarchy of criminal courts and their jurisdiction

114
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

II. Nyaya Panchayat in India III. Panchayats in tribal areas

IV. Organisation of pre cutting agencies for prosecuting criminals
V. Prosecutors and the police
VI. Withdrawal of prosecution

UNIT - II Pre-trial Procedures

I. Arrest and questioning of the accused
II. The right of the accused
III. The evidentiary value of statements / articles seized / collected by the police
IV. Right of counsel
V. Roles of the prosecutor and the judicial officer in investigation

UNIT- III Trial procedures

I. The accusatory system of trial and the inquisitorial system
Il. Role of the judge, the prosecutor and defence attorney in the trial III. Admissibility and
inadmissibility of evidence
IV. Expert evidence
V. Appeal of the court in awarding appropriate punishment
VI. Plea bargaining

UNIT - IV Correction and Aftercare services

I. Institutional correction of the offenders
II. General comparison - After - care services in India and France III. The role of the court in
correctional programmes in India

UNIT - V
Preventive Measures in India
I. Provisions in the Criminal Procedures Code
II. Special enactments
Subject 9: Human Rights Law & Practice
Course Outcomes: On successful completion of this module, learners will be able:
CO1: To outline the historical development and concept of human rights in India from
ancient period till present and trace their genesis form The Universal Declaration of Human
Rights, 1948 and ICCPR,1966
CO2: To evaluate the impact of Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993 and the problems
therewith. To familiarise with the principles of human rights enshrined in the constitution in
fundamental rights, DPSPs and fundamental duties
CO3: To understand individual human rights and the enforcement thereof on specific subject
matter including the disadvantaged groups, women, minorities, backward classes etc.
CO4: To familiarise the students with various conventions and treaties in the arena of
protection

115
 DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

Syllabus

UNIT-I
1. Historical Development and concept of Human Right
2. Human Right in India ancient, mediaeval and modern concept rights
3. Human Right in Western tradition
4. Concept of natural law and natural rights
5. Human Right in legal tradition: International Law and National Law
6. UN and Human Rights
7. Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948): individual and group rights
8. International Covenant on political and Civil Rights (1966)

UNIT-II
1. Convention on economic social and cultural Rights (1966)
2 Convention on the elimination of all forms of discrimination against women (1979)
3. Convention on the rights of the child (1989)

UNIT-III
1. Impact and Implementation of International Human Rights Norms in India
2. Human rights norms reflected in fundamental rights in the Constitution of India, 1950
3. Directive principles: legislative and administrative implementation of international
human
rights norms through judicial process

UNIT-IV
1. Human Rights and disadvantage Groups
2 Enforcement of Human Right in India

UNIT-V
1 Role of courts: The Supreme Court, High Courts and other Courts
2. Statutory & Constitutional Commissions- National Human Rights Commission,
National Commission for Women, National Commission for Minorities and National
Commission for Backward Classes

116
DEPARTMENT OF LEGAL STUDIES AND RESEARCH,
BARKATULLAH UNIVERSITY, BHOPAL
विधि शिक्षण एवं शोध विभाग,
बरकतउल्ला विश्वविद्यालय, भोपाल
………………………………………………………..…………………………………………

117