Q1/ Assuming that an analog signal is given by

x(t) = 5cos(50 π t) +3cos(300πt)+2cos(120πt)

for t ≥ 0, and it is sampled at the rate of 500 Hz,

a. Sketch the spectrum of the sampled signal up to 900 Hz.

b. Sketch the recovered analog signal spectrum if an ideal lowpass filter with a cutoff
frequency of 250 Hz is used to filter the sampled signal (y(n)=x(n) in this case
a). xs(f)
Low pass Filter

2.5/T

1.5/T

1/T

-850 -650 -560 -525 -475 -440 -350 -150 -60 -25 25 60 150 350 440 475 525 560 650 850 f(Hz)
b)

xs(f)

-150 -60 -25 25 60 150 f(Hz)

Q2/ Assuming that an analog signal is given by

x(t) = 2cos(100 π t) +7cos(500πt)+9cos(200πt)

a. Determine the minimum sampling frequency that will not cause any aliasing effect .

b. Sketch the spectrum of the sampled signal if it is sampled at the rate of 400 Hz.

c. At which frequency the aliasing noise occurs?

Solution:

a)

fs=2fmax

fmax=wmax/2π=500π/2π=250 Hz

c) aliasing noise occurs at frequency 150 Hz and -150 Hz

 xs(f)
aliasing noise
aliasing noise
4.5/T

3.5/T

1/T

-650 -500 -450 -350 -300 -250 -150 -100 50 50 100 150 250 300 350 450 500 650 f(Hz)
Q1: A discrete time system x(n) is defined as
𝑛
1+ −3 ≤ 𝑛 ≤ −1
𝑥(𝑛) = { 3
1 0≤𝑛≤3
0 𝑒𝑙𝑠𝑒𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒

a)Determine its values and sketch the signal x(n)

b) Sketch the output signal if we :
1) First fold x(n) and then delay the resulting signal by four samples.
2) First delay x(n) by four samples and then fold the resulting signal.
Q2: Determine whether this system is static, linear, time invariant, causal, stable
or no
𝑦(𝑛) = 𝑥(2𝑛)
1- No static because it depends on future value ,
at n=10 , we need the value x(20) .
2- Linear
3- Time varying
4- No causal because it depends on future value ,
at n=10 , we need the value x(20) .
5- stable
Q1: A discrete time signal x(n) is shown in figure ,

sketch the following signal

a) x(-n-2)
b) x(2-n)u(n)
c) x(n)u(2-n)
Q2: Determine whether this system is static, linear, time invariant, causal, stable
or no
𝑦(𝑛) = |𝑛𝑥(𝑛)|
1- static
2- non linear
3- Time varying
4- causal.
5- unstable
Q: Compute the linear convolution x(n)*h(n) by using graphical method
0.4𝑛 −2 ≤ 𝑛 ≤ 1 1 1≤𝑛≤4
𝑥(𝑛) = { , ℎ(𝑛) = { , n of the output =-2+1 to 1+4 = -1 to 5
0 𝑒𝑙𝑠𝑒𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 0 𝑒𝑙𝑠𝑒𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒

1
2
Q: Compute the linear convolution x(n)*h(n) by using graphical method
0.8𝑛 −2 ≤ 𝑛 ≤ 1 1 1≤𝑛≤4
𝑥(𝑛) = { ,ℎ(𝑛) = { , n of the output =-2+1 to 1+4 = -1 to 5
0 𝑒𝑙𝑠𝑒𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 0 𝑒𝑙𝑠𝑒𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒

3
4
Q1/ Determine and sketch the magnitude and phase of H(w) for the following system

y(n)=x(n)+x(n-2) ?

Solution:

ℎ(𝑛) = 𝛿(𝑛) + 𝛿(𝑛 − 2)

𝐻(𝑒 𝑗𝑤 ) = ∑∞
𝑛=−∞ ℎ(𝑛)𝑒
−𝑗𝑤𝑛
=∑2𝑛=0 ℎ(𝑛)𝑒 −𝑗𝑤𝑛 = 1 + 𝑒 −2𝑗𝑤

𝐻(𝑒 𝑗𝑤 ) = 1 + 𝑒 −2𝑗𝑤 = 𝑒 −𝑗𝑤 (𝑒 𝑗𝑤 + 𝑒 −𝑗𝑤 ) = 2𝑒 −𝑗𝑤 cos⁡(𝑤)

|𝐻(𝑒 𝑗𝑤 )| = |2cos⁡(𝑤)|

𝜙(𝑒 𝑗𝑤 ) = −𝑤 + arg⁡(cos(𝑤))
𝜋
0 cos(𝑤) ≥ 0 0 0≤𝑤≤
2
arg(cos(𝑤)) = { ={ 𝜋 3𝜋
𝜋 cos(𝑤) < 0 𝜋 <𝑤≤
2 2
𝜋
−𝑤 0≤𝑤≤
2
𝜙(𝑒 𝑗𝑤 ) = { 𝜋 3𝜋⁡
−𝑤 + 𝜋 <𝑤≤
2 2

1
Q2/ Determine and sketch the magnitude and phase of H(w) for the following system

y(n)=x(n)+x(n-3) ?

Solution:

ℎ(𝑛) = 𝛿(𝑛) + 𝛿(𝑛 − 3)

𝐻(𝑒 𝑗𝑤 ) = ∑∞
𝑛=−∞ ℎ(𝑛)𝑒
−𝑗𝑤𝑛
=∑3𝑛=0 ℎ(𝑛)𝑒 −𝑗𝑤𝑛 = 1 + 𝑒 −3𝑗𝑤 = 𝑒 0𝑗𝑤 + 𝑒 −3𝑗𝑤

(0+(-3))/2=-3/2
3 3 3
0𝑗𝑤−(−𝑗 𝑤) −3𝑗𝑤−(−𝑗 𝑤)
𝐻(𝑒 𝑗𝑤 ) = 1 + 𝑒 −3𝑗𝑤 = 𝑒 −𝑗2𝑤 (𝑒 2 ⁡+ 𝑒 2 ⁡) =

3 3 3 3
−𝑗 𝑤 𝑗 𝑤 −𝑗 𝑤 −𝑗 𝑤 3
𝑒 2 (𝑒 2 ⁡+ 𝑒 2 ⁡)=2𝑒 2 cos⁡( 𝑤)
2

3 3 3
|𝐻(𝑒 𝑗𝑤 )| = |2cos⁡(2 𝑤)| , 𝜙(𝑒 𝑗𝑤 ) = − 𝑤 + arg⁡(cos ( 𝑤))
2 2

3 3 𝜋 𝜋
0 cos ( 𝑤) ≥ 0 0 0≤ 𝑤≤ 0 0≤𝑤≤
2 2 2 3
arg(cos(𝑤)) = { 3
={ 𝜋 3 3𝜋 ={ 𝜋 ,
𝜋 cos ( 𝑤) < 0 𝜋 < 𝑤≤ 𝜋 <𝑤≤𝜋
2 2 2 2 3

3 𝜋
− 𝑤 0≤𝑤≤
2 3
𝜙(𝑒 𝑗𝑤 ) = { 3 𝜋 ⁡
− 𝑤+𝜋 <𝑤≤𝜋
2 3

2
Q3/ Determine and sketch the magnitude and phase of H(w) for the following system

y(n)=x(n)-x(n-2)?
𝜋 𝜋
Solution: Note: −1 = 𝑒 𝑗𝜋 , 𝑗 = 𝑒 𝑗 2 , −𝑗 = 𝑒 −𝑗 2

ℎ(𝑛) = 𝛿(𝑛) − 𝛿(𝑛 − 2)

𝐻(𝑒 𝑗𝑤 ) = ∑∞
𝑛=−∞ ℎ(𝑛)𝑒
−𝑗𝑤𝑛
=∑2𝑛=0 ℎ(𝑛)𝑒 −𝑗𝑤𝑛 = 1 − 𝑒 −2𝑗𝑤
𝜋
𝐻(𝑒 𝑗𝑤 ) = 1 − 𝑒 −2𝑗𝑤 = 𝑒 −𝑗𝑤 (𝑒 𝑗𝑤 − 𝑒 −𝑗𝑤 ) = 2𝑗𝑒 −𝑗𝑤 sin(𝑤) = 2𝑒 𝑗 2 𝑒 −𝑗𝑤 sin(𝑤) =
𝜋
= 2𝑒 𝑗(−𝑤+ 2 ) sin(𝑤)

|𝐻(𝑒 𝑗𝑤 )| = |2sin(𝑤)|
𝜋
𝜙(𝑒 𝑗𝑤 ) = −𝑤 + + arg⁡(sin(𝑤))
2

0 sin(𝑤) ≥ 0 0 0≤𝑤≤𝜋
arg(sin(𝑤)) = { ={
𝜋 sin(𝑤) < 0 𝜋 𝜋 < 𝑤 ≤ 2𝜋
𝜋
𝜙(𝑒 𝑗𝑤 ) = −𝑤 +
2

3
Q4/ Determine and sketch the magnitude and phase of H(w) for the following system

y(n)=x(n)-x(n-3)

Solution:

ℎ(𝑛) = 𝛿(𝑛) − 𝛿(𝑛 − 3)

𝐻(𝑒 𝑗𝑤 ) = ∑∞
𝑛=−∞ ℎ(𝑛)𝑒
−𝑗𝑤𝑛
=∑3𝑛=0 ℎ(𝑛)𝑒 −𝑗𝑤𝑛 = 1 − 𝑒 −3𝑗𝑤
3 3 3 3
3
𝐻(𝑒 𝑗𝑤 ) = 1 − 𝑒 −3𝑗𝑤 = 𝑒 −𝑗2𝑤 (𝑒 𝑗2𝑤 − 𝑒 −𝑗2𝑤 ) = 2𝑗𝑒 −𝑗2𝑤 sin ( 𝑤)
2
𝜋 3 3 𝜋
3 3
= 2𝑒 𝑗 2 𝑒 −𝑗2𝑤 sin ( 𝑤) = 2𝑒 𝑗(−2𝑤+ 2 ) sin ( 𝑤)
2 2

3
|𝐻(𝑒 𝑗𝑤 )| = |2sin(2 𝑤)|

3 𝜋 3
𝜙(𝑒 𝑗𝑤 ) = − 𝑤 + + arg⁡(sin ( 𝑤))
2 2 2

3 3 2
3
0 sin ( 𝑤) ≥ 0 0 0≤ 𝑤≤𝜋 0 0≤𝑤≤ 𝜋
2 2 3
arg (sin ( 𝑤)) = { 3
={ 3 ={ 2 4
2
𝜋 sin ( 𝑤) < 0 𝜋 𝜋 < 𝑤 ≤ 2𝜋 𝜋 𝜋<𝑤≤ 𝜋
2 2 3 3

3 𝜋 2
− 𝑤+ 0≤𝑤≤ 𝜋
2 2 3
𝜙(𝑒 𝑗𝑤 ) = { 3 𝜋 2 ⁡
− 𝑤+ +𝜋 𝜋<𝑤≤𝜋
2 2 3

4
Q5/ Determine and sketch the magnitude and phase of H(w) for the following system

Y(n)= 2x(n-1)+x(n-2)+ 2x(n-3)?

Solution:

ℎ(𝑛) = 2𝛿(𝑛 − 1) + 𝛿(𝑛 − 2) + 2𝛿(𝑛 − 3)

𝐻(𝑒 𝑗𝑤 ) = ∑∞
𝑛=−∞ ℎ(𝑛)𝑒
−𝑗𝑤𝑛
=∑3𝑛=1 ℎ(𝑛)𝑒 −𝑗𝑤𝑛 = 2𝑒 −𝑗𝑤 + 𝑒 −2𝑗𝑤 + 2𝑒 −3𝑗𝑤

𝐻(𝑒 𝑗𝑤 ) = 𝑒 −2𝑗𝑤 + 2𝑒 −𝑗𝑤 + 2𝑒 −3𝑗𝑤 =𝑒 −2𝑗𝑤 + 2𝑒 −2𝑗𝑤 (𝑒 𝑗𝑤 + 𝑒 −𝑗𝑤 )

= 𝑒 −2𝑗𝑤 (1 + 4 cos(𝑤))

|𝐻(𝑒 𝑗𝑤 )| = |1 + 4 cos(𝑤)|

𝜙(𝑒 𝑗𝑤 ) = −2𝑤 + arg⁡(1 + 4 cos(𝑤))

0 1 + 4 cos(𝑤) ≥ 0 0 1 + 4 cos(𝑤) ≥ 0
arg(1 + 4 cos(𝑤)) = { ={
𝜋 1 + 4 cos(𝑤) < 0 𝜋 1 + 4 cos(𝑤) < 0
0 0 ≤ 𝑤 ≤ 1.8235
={
𝜋 1.8235 < 𝑤 ≤ 𝜋
−2𝑤 0 ≤ 𝑤 ≤ 1.8235
𝜙(𝑒 𝑗𝑤 ) = { ⁡
−2𝑤 + 𝜋 1.8235 < 𝑤 ≤ 𝜋