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Machine Learning BCA QA Detailed

The document outlines key concepts in machine learning, including the differences between data mining and machine learning, supervised and unsupervised learning, and various algorithms like classifiers and linear regression. It also explains important techniques such as tree pruning and backpropagation, as well as concepts like target functions and support vectors. Overall, it serves as a foundational guide for BCA-level understanding of machine learning principles and methodologies.

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11 views3 pages

Machine Learning BCA QA Detailed

The document outlines key concepts in machine learning, including the differences between data mining and machine learning, supervised and unsupervised learning, and various algorithms like classifiers and linear regression. It also explains important techniques such as tree pruning and backpropagation, as well as concepts like target functions and support vectors. Overall, it serves as a foundational guide for BCA-level understanding of machine learning principles and methodologies.

Uploaded by

deysourojit114
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Machine Learning Questions & Detailed Answers - BCA Level

1. Mention the difference between Data Mining and Machine Learning.

Data Mining is the process of discovering patterns, correlations, trends, and useful information from

large datasets using statistical and computational techniques. It focuses on analyzing data for

insights that can support decision-making.

Machine Learning, on the other hand, is a subset of Artificial Intelligence that enables computers to

learn from data and make predictions or decisions without being explicitly programmed. While data

mining extracts information, machine learning uses that information to build predictive models.

2. What is the Standard Approach to Supervised Learning?

In supervised learning, the algorithm is trained on a labeled dataset, which means the input data is

paired with the correct output. The standard approach involves feeding the training data to the

model so it can learn the mapping from inputs to outputs. Once the model is trained, it is tested on

new, unseen data to evaluate its performance and make predictions.

3. What is training set and test set?

The training set is a portion of the dataset used to train a machine learning model. It allows the

model to learn and adjust its parameters based on the input-output pairs.

The test set is a separate portion of the dataset that is not used during training. It is used to assess

how well the trained model generalizes to new, unseen data.

4. What is Classifier in ML?

A classifier is a type of algorithm in machine learning used to assign a category label to input data. It

is part of supervised learning and is commonly used in applications such as spam detection, image

recognition, and disease diagnosis.

5. What is Unsupervised Learning?

Unsupervised learning is a type of machine learning where the algorithm is provided with data that

has no labels. The goal is to explore the data and find hidden patterns or structures, such as

grouping similar items together (clustering) or reducing dimensions (dimensionality reduction).


6. Define Tree Pruning.

Tree pruning is a technique used in decision tree algorithms to reduce the size of the tree by

removing parts that do not provide additional power in classifying instances. It helps to improve the

model's performance on unseen data by reducing overfitting.

7. What is back propagation in ML?

Backpropagation is a fundamental algorithm used to train artificial neural networks. It works by

calculating the error at the output and then propagating it backward through the network layers to

update the weights. This process is repeated iteratively to minimize the error and improve the

model's accuracy.

8. What is meant by Target function in Learning program?

The target function in a learning program is the ideal function that the learning algorithm aims to

approximate. It represents the correct mapping from input to output, and the algorithm tries to find a

hypothesis that closely matches this function based on training data.

9. Define useful perspective of Learning Program.

A useful perspective of a learning program refers to its ability to generalize from the training data to

real-world data. This means that the model should not just memorize the training data but should be

able to make accurate predictions on new, unseen inputs.

10. What is Linear Discriminant Function?

A linear discriminant function is a mathematical function used in classification problems to separate

two or more classes using a linear combination of features. It is used to find the decision boundary

that best separates the classes with maximum margin.

11. What is a Support vector in SVM?

Support vectors are the data points that are closest to the decision boundary (or hyperplane) in a

Support Vector Machine (SVM). These points are critical in defining the boundary and maximizing

the margin between different classes.

12. What is Clustering?

Clustering is an unsupervised learning technique that involves grouping a set of data points into
clusters such that points in the same cluster are more similar to each other than to those in other

clusters. It is commonly used in customer segmentation, image compression, and pattern

recognition.

13. What is Linear Regression?

Linear regression is a supervised learning algorithm used to model the relationship between a

dependent variable and one or more independent variables. It assumes a linear relationship and

tries to fit a straight line (regression line) that best predicts the output based on the input features.

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