NODIA CBSE Chapterwise PYQ Science Class 10

Page 461

and power in series,

THREE MARKS QUESTION

2 2
Ps = V = 10 = 1 W
Rs 100 235. Draw a schematic diagram of a circuit consisting of a
(ii) The effective resistance of two resistors connecting battery of six 2 V cells, a 6 Ω resistor, a 12 Ω resistor
in parallel is and a 18 Ω resistor and a plug key all connected in
series. Calculate the following (when key is closed):
Pp = R1 R2
R1 + R2 (i) Electric current flowing in the circuit.
= 50 # 50 = 25 Ω (ii) Potential difference across 18 Ω resistor.
100
(iii) Electric power consumed in 18 Ω resistor.
2 2
Power in parallel, Pp = V = 10 = 4 W

Ans : OD 2024
Rp 25
P The required diagram is shown below.
Required ratio : s
= 1 W = 1: 4
Pw 4W

233. A wire of resistance 20 ohm is bent in the form of a

closed circle. What is the effective resistance between
the two points at the ends of any diameter of the
circle ?


Ans : SQP 201, Delhi 2008

Each semi-circle of wire has resistance = 10 ohms

Effective resistance, R is given by,
1 = 1 + 1 In the above circuit all the resistances are connected
R R1 R2 in series. The equivalent resistance is given by
where R1 and R2 are resistances in each semi-circle.
Req = 6 + 12 + 18 = 36 Ω
1 = 1 + 1
R 10 10
(i) I = V = 12 = 1 A
1 = 2 =1 Req 36 3
R 10 5
R = 5 ohms (ii) V18 = IR = 1 # 18 = 6 V
3
(iii) P18 = I R = b 1 l # 18 = 2 W
2
2
234. Two resistors with resistances 10 Ω and 15 Ω are to be 3
connected to emf 12 V so as to obtain : (i) minimum 236. (i) What is meant by resistance of a conductor?
current (ii) maximum current. How will you connect Define its SI unit.
the resistance in each case ? Calculate the strength of
(ii) List two factors on which the resistance of a
the total current in the circuit in the two cases.
rectangular conductor depends.


Ans : OD 2010 (iii) How will the resistance of a wire be affected if its.
(i) To obtain minimum current, the two resistors (1) length is doubled, and
should be connected in series so that the equivalent (2) radius is also doubled ?
resistance, Give justification for your answer.
Rs = 10 Ω + 15 Ω = 25 Ω


Ans : OD 2023

Thus, I min = 12 V = 0.48 A (a)

25 Ω
(i) Resistance is defined as the property of a
(ii) To obtain maximum current, the two resistors
conductor to resist the flow of charges through it.
should be connected in parallel so that the
The resistance of a conductor is numerically given
equivalent resistance,
as the ratio of the potential difference across its
R p = 15 Ω # 10 Ω = 6 Ω length to the current flowing through it.
15 Ω # 10 Ω
Its SI unit is ohm The resistance of a conductor
Thus, I max = 12 = 2 A is said to be 1 ohm if a current of 1 ampere flows
6Ω
through it when the potential difference across it
is 1 volt.

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CH 11 : Electricity

226. In a household electric circuit different appliances 229. If 0.18 ampere of current is drawn by an electric bulb
are connected in parallel to one another. Give two when it is connected to a source of 220 volts, find the
advantages of such connections. power of the bulb.
Two bulbs rated 100 W, 200 V and 25 W, 200 V are

Ans : Delhi 2010, Delhi 2008
connected in parallel to a 200 V supply. What will be
Given,
the current drawn from the supply line ?
Current, I = 0.18 ampere


Ans : OD 2011
Potential difference,
(a) Each appliance can draw the required current.
V = 220 volts
(b) Each appliance can be controlled individually.
2 Power, P = V#I
R1 = V
P1 = 220 # 0.18 = 39.6

= 200 # 200 = 400 Ω = 40 watt (approximately)

100
2
R2 = V 230. What is the commercial unit of electrical energy ?
P2


Ans : Foreign 2011
= 200 # 200 = 1600 Ω
25 Since watt is a very small unit of power, the unit
which is used is kilowatt.
Total resistance, R = 1 + 1 = R1 R2
R1 R2 R1 + R2 1 kilowatt = 1000 watts
= 1600 # 400 = 320 Ω As we know, electrical energy
2000
= power # time

Current drawn, I = V = 200 = 0.63 A
R 320 Commercial unit of electrical energy.
= kW # h = kWh (kilowatt hour)

227. A torch bulb is rated 5.0 V and 500 mA. Calculate
(i) its power, (ii) resistance and (iii) energy consumed
231. An electric motor operates on a 50 V supply and draws
when it is lighted for four hours.
a current of 13A. If the motor yields a mechanical


Ans : OD 2010, Delhi 2009 power of 130 W, what is the percentage efficiency of
Potential difference, V = 5.0 Volt the motor ?


Ans : Foreign 2010, Delhi 2007
Current, I = 500 mA
Given,
= 500 = 0.5 A Potential difference, V = 50 volts
1000
(i) Power, P = I#V Current, I = 13 A
= 0.5 # 5 = 2.5 W Input power, P = V#I
(ii) Resistance, R = V = 5 = 10 Ω = 50 # 13 = 650 Watt

I 0.5
Output power = 130 W
(iii) Energy, E = Power # Time
Output power
Efficiency = 100
= 2.5 # 4 Input power #
1000
= 0.01 kWh = 130 # 100 = 20 %
650

228. What is electric power ? 232. Two identical resistors, each of resistance 50 Ω are
connected (i) in series (ii) in parallel, in turn, to a


Ans : Delhi 2011
battery of 10 V. Calculate the ratio of power consumed
The rate at which the electrical energy is converted in the combination of resistors in the two cases.
into heat is known as electric power.

Ans : Comp 2011
2
P = W = I Rt = I 2 R (i) The effective resistance of two resistors connected
t t
in series is given by
Also, P = I#V
Rs = R1 + R2
i.e., Power = Current # Potential difference
= 50 Ω + 50 Ω = 100 Ω

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NODIA CBSE Chapterwise PYQ Science Class 10 Page 463

240. (a) In a given ammeter, a student saw that needle 242. While studying the dependence of potential difference
indicates 12th division in ammeter while V across a resistor on the current I passing through
performing an experiment to verify Ohm’s law. it, in order to determine the resistance of the resistor,
If ammeter has 10 divisions between 0 to 0.5 A , a student took 5 readings for different values of
then what is the ammeter reading corresponding current and plotted a graph between V and I . He got
to 12th division ? a straight line graph passing through the origin. What
(b) How do you connect an ammeter and a voltmeter does the straight line signify? Write the method of
in an electric circuit ? determining resistance of the resistor using this graph.


Ans : Delhi 2019

Ans : Comp. 2019

(a) The ammeter is having 10 division in between The straight line in the graph signify that potential
0 - 0.5 A . difference and current are directly proportional to
each other.
Least count of ammeter = 0.5 − 0 = 0.05 A
10 The method of determining resistance of resistor using
Hence, the reading of 17 division will be the graph is by Ohm’s law, V = IR and by calculating
= 17 # 0.05 = 0.85 A the slope from the points mentioned on the graph.
(b) Ammeter is connected in series combination and
voltmeter is connected in the parallel combination.

241. In the given circuit, find :

R = 1
Slope of V - I graph
243. (a) List the factors on which the resistance of a
(a) Total resistance of the network of resistors
conductor in the shape of wire depends.
(b) Current through ammeter A
(b) Why are metals good conductors of electricity


Ans : OD 2019 whereas glass is a bad conductor of electricity?
(a) In the given circuit diagram 4 Ω and 2 Ω Give reason.
resistances are connected in series combination (c) Why are alloys commonly used in electrical
and 3 Ω and 3 Ω resistance are also connected in heating devices? Give reason.
the series combination.


Ans : Comp. 2018
R1 = 4 + 2 = 6 Ω (a) Resistance of a conductor depends directly on its
R2 = 3 + 3 = 6 Ω length, inversely proportional to the area of cross-
Now the equivalent resistance of circuit section, directly proportional to the temperature
and it depends on the nature of the conductor.
1 = 1 + 1
R eq R1 R2 (b) Metals have free electrons which can move and
conduct electricity, whereas glass does not have
=1+1 =2 free electrons which can flow freely to conduct
6 6 6
electricity.
R eq = 6 = 3 Ω
2 (c) The resistivity of an alloy is generally higher
(b) According to ohm’s law, than that of pure metal. Alloys do not oxidise
V = IR eq (burn) readily at higher temperatures. Therefore,
conductors of electric heating devices, such as
I = V = 6 = 2A toasters and electric irons, are made of an alloy
R eq 3
rather than pure metal.

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CH 11 : Electricity

(ii) Resistance of a conductor depends on : 238. Two electric lamps rated 100 W, 220 V and 25 W,
(1) Length of the conductor. 220 V are connected in parallel. Calculate the total
(2) Area of cross section of the conductor. electric current in the circuit.
(iii) (1) Resistance is directly proportional to the

Ans : Delhi 2011, OD 2008
length. Hence, if length is doubled, resistance For the first bulb,
is also doubled. 2

(2) The resistance of a wire is inversely Resistance, R1 = V

P1
proportional to the area of cross-section the (220) 2
wire. Thus, if the radius is doubled, the area R1 = = 484 Ω
100
increases four times and hence the resistance
For the second bulb,
becomes one-fourth. 2
Resistance, R2 = V
237. (a) Write the mathematical expression for Joule’s law P2
of heating. (220) 2
R2 = = 1936 Ω
(b) Compute the heat generated while transferring 25
96000 coulomb of charge in two hours through a When connected in parallel, resultant resistance is
potential difference of 40 V. given by,


Ans : Delhi 2020, OD 2014
1 = 1 + 1
R R1 R2
(a) According to the Joule’s law of heating, heat
1 = 1 + 1
produced in a resistor is directly proportional to R 484 1936
the :
1 = 4+1 = 5
(i) square of current I for a given resistance. R 1936 1936
(ii) resistance R for a given current.
R = 1936 = 387.2 Ω
(iii) the time t for which the current flows through 5
the resistor. Current, I = V
Mathematical form of Joule’s law of heating R
is: I = 220 = 0.56 A
387.2
H = I 2Rt
239. Calculate the total cost of running the following
(b) Given, charge,
electrical devices in the month of September, if the
q = 96000 C rate of 1 unit of electricity is ` 6.00.
Time, t = 2 hrs (i) Electric heater of 1000 W for 5 hours daily.
= 120 min = 7200 s
(ii) Electric refrigerator of 400 W for 10 hours daily.


Ans : SQP 2018
Potential difference,
(i) Energy consumed by electric heater,
V = 40 volt
= P # t = 1000 # 5 = 5000 Wh

We know that,
(ii) Energy consumed by refrigerator,
Heat H = VIt , where I is current ...(1)
q = P # t = 400 # 10 = 4000 Wh

Also, I = t where q is charge and t is time in
Total energy consumed in one day,
seconds. ...(2)
q = 5000 Wh + 4000 Wh

Substituting I = t in equation (1) we get,
= 9000 Wh = 9000 kWh = 9 kWh
H = dV # n # t
q 1000
t
Total energy consumed in the month of September,
Vqt
=
= Vq = 30 # 9 = 270 kWh = 270 units

t
= 40 # 96000
Cost of 1 unit of electricity is = ` 6
Thus cost of 270 units of electricity,
= 3840000 Joule

= 6 # 270 = ` 1, 620

= 3840 kJ

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NODIA CBSE Chapterwise PYQ Science Class 10 Page 465

2 (220) 2
Power, P =V = = 440 W
R 110
Energy = P # t = 440t ...(1)
Mass of water, m = 1 kg
Change in temperature, Tt = (70 − 20) cC = 50cC
Heat energy, Q = ms Tt
= 1 # 4186 # 50

= 209300 Joule ...(2)
From (1) and (2), we get :


Ans : Delhi 2017
440t = 209300
(i) As we know that,
t = 209300 = 475.6 s
440 V = IR
248. State Joules law of heating. List two special 2V = I # 4 Ω
characteristics of a heating element wire.
I = 0.5 A
An electric iron consumes energy at the rate of 880
W when heating is at the maximum rate and 440 W (ii) Two 8 Ω resistors are in parallel, so then equivalent
when the heating is at the minimum rate. The applied resistance.
voltage is 220 V. Calculate the current and resistance 1 =1+1 =2Ω = 1Ω
in each case. R eq 8 8 8 4
R eq = 4 Ω


Ans : Foreign 2017

Joules law : In accordance with Joules law of heating, Now, two 4 Ω resistors are in series.
if a current I flows through a resistor of resistance So, total resistance,
R for a time t , then the heat produced across the RTotal = 4 Ω + 4 Ω = 8 Ω
resistor is Total current,
H = I 2 Rt Joules
ITotal = V = 2 = 1 A
Two characteristics are : R 8 4
(i) It must not melt at high temperature. Voltage across equivalent resistance of two 8 Ω
(ii) It has high resistivity. resistors
Maximum power, Pmax = 880 W V = ITotal = 1 # 4 = 1 V
R eq 4
Minimum power, Pmin = 440 W 250. What would be the reading of ammeter and voltmeter
Voltage, V = 220 V in the given circuit?
Current, I =?
Resistance, R =?
Net Power = Pmax − Pmin = VI
880 - 440 = 220 # I
440 = 220 # I
I = 2A
V = IR
220 = 2 # R
R = 110 Ω

249. Study the given electric circuit and calculate :

Ans : Delhi 2016

(i) the current flowing through the 4 Ω resister and Here, R1 = 1 Ω , R2 = 2 Ω

(ii) potential difference across the combination of two The resistance are connected in the series combination
resistor of 8 Ω each. hence the equivalent resistance is given by

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CH 11 : Electricity

244. Draw a circuit diagram of an electric circuit containing Al = All

a cell, a key, an ammeter, a resistor of 4Ω in series
Al = Al (2l)
with a combination of two resistors ( 8Ω each) in
parallel and a voltmeter across parallel combination. Al = A/2
Each of them dissipate maximum energy and can
New resistance, R1 = ρ 2l = 4ρ l = 4R
withstand a maximum power of 16W without melting. A A
Find the maximum current that can flow through the 2
three resistors. i.e., it is 4 times of original resistance.

Ans : Delhi 2018 246. The values of current I flowing in a given resistor
We know, P =I R 2 for the corresponding values of potential difference V
across the resistor are given below:

I (ampere) 0.5 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0

V (volt) 1.6 3.4 6.7 10.2 13.2
Plot a graph between V and I and calculate the
resistance of the resistor.


Ans : 2018

P = 16 W
P
Now, I = R
So, maximum Current of 4 Ω resistor,
16 =
I = 4 2 A
So, current through each 8Ω resistor will be,
= 1 #2 = 1 A
2
245. State the factors on which the resistance of a cylindrical From the graph, we can take values of V and I .
conductor depends. How will resistance of a conductor
V = (6.7 − 3.4) = 3.3 Volt
change if it is stretched so that its length is doubled ?
I = (2.0 − 1.0) = 1.0 A


Ans : OD 2017

The resistance of a cylindrical conductor is directly R = V = 3.3 = 3.3 Ω

I 1.0
proportional to its length (l) and inversely proportional
to the area of cross-section (A). That is, So, Resistance = 3.3 Ω (ohm)

R ? l and R ? 1 247. A metallic coil, connected to a 220 V supply, has a

A
resistance of 110 ohm (while hot). How long will it
On combining, we have
take for this coil to heat 1 kg of water from 20°C to
R ? l 70°C ? Assume that whole of the heat produced by
A
the coil is taken up by water. (Specific heat of water
R =ρl ...(1) = 4186 J/kgcC )
A
Now according to the question

Ans : OD 2016, Delhi 2008

New length, ll = 2l Potential difference, V = 220 Volt

As we know that volume of wire remains constant, Resistance, R = 110 Ω

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NODIA CBSE Chapterwise PYQ Science Class 10 Page 467

Ans : SQP 2017

(i) Inference from graph V ? I

(ii) The law states the current passing through a
conductor is directly proportional to the potential
difference across the ends, provided the physical
conditions like temperature, density, etc., remain
unchanges. This is ohm’s law.
(iii) The slope of the graph represents the resistance
and the unit of resistance is ohm.

255. State the formula co-relating the electric current Since charge must be conserved, therefore, that
flowing in a conductor and the voltage applied across current I that enters point a must be equal to the
it. Also show this relationship by drawing a graph. current that leaves that point. Therefore, we have
What would be the resistance of a conductor if the I = I1 + I2 ...(1)
current flowing through it is 0.35 ampere when the Since the resistors are connected in parallel, therefore,
potential difference across it is 1.4 volt ? the potential across each must be same, hence by


Ans : Foreign 2016 Ohm’s law, we have
It states that “Physical conditions remaining same I1 = V and I2 = V
the current flowing through a conductor is directly R1 R2
proportional to the potential applied across its two Substituting in equation (i), we have
ends.”
I =V +V ...(2)
The graph is as shown below : R1 R2
Let R p be the equivalent resistance of the parallel
combination, then by Ohm’s law, we have
I =V ...(3)
Rp
Hence, from equations (2) and (3), we have
V =V +V
Rp R1 R2
or 1 = 1 + 1 ...(4)
Rp R1 R2

257. A wire of resistance 6 Ω is bent to form a closed

square. What is the resistance across a diagonal of
the square ?


Ans : SQP 2017, OD 2011

Total resistance of the wire = 6 Ω

Given V = 1.4 Volt , I = 0.35 A . Now, resistance is

given by the expression
R = V = 1.4 = 4 Ω
I 0.35
256. Derive an expression for equivalent resistance when
two resistors of resistance R1 and R2 are connected
in parallel.


Ans : Delhi 2017, OD 2011

Consider two resistance R1 and R2 connected in

parallel as shown in Figure. When the current I
reaches point a , it splits into two parts I1 going
AB = BC = CD = AD
through R1 and I2 going through R2 .
R1 = R2 = R3 = R 4

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CH 11 : Electricity

Ans : Delhi 2017

Equivalent resistance of the circuit,
(a) We know that R ? I . 1 = 1 + 1
So, when the wire is cut into four equal parts, R R1 Rs
the resistance of each part is 1/4 th of the original 1 = 1 + 1
or
substance. R 10 10
Hence, R1 = R , R2 = R (Here, Rs = 5 + 5 = 10 Ω )
4 4
R = 5Ω
R3 = R , and R 4 = R Hence, there will be no change of current through 5 Ω
4 4
(b) When these 4 parts are joined in parallel, we get conductor.
Also, potential difference across the lamp
1 = 1 + 1 + 1 + 1
Rl R1 R2 R3 R 4 = Potential difference of the circuit

1 = 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 = 16 = 10 V

Rl R R R R R
So, there will be no change in potential difference
Rl = R across the lamp.
16
291. A current of 1 ampere flows in a series circuit containing 292. Find out the following in the electric circuit given in
an electric lamp and a conductor of 5 Ω when connected figure :
to a 10 V battery. Calculate the resistance of the (a) Effective resistance of two 8 Ω resistors in the
electric lamp. Now, if a resistance of 10 Ω is connected combination.
in parallel with this series combination, what change (b) Current flowing through 4 Ω resistor.
(if any) in current flowing through 5 Ω conductor and
(c) Potential difference across 4 Ω resistance.
potential difference across the lamp will take place ?
Give reason. Draw circuit diagram. (d) Power dissipated in 4 Ω resistor.
(e) Difference in ammeter readings, if any.


Ans : Delhi 2016

In series circuit, I = 1A
R1 = 5 Ω
V = 10 Volt
R2 = ?
V = IR
or V = I (R1 + R2)

or R2 = V − R1

Ans : SQP 2017

I
(a) Effective resistance of two resistances in parallel
R2 = 10 − 5 = 5 Ω combination is given by,
If a resistance of 10 Ω is connected with the above 1 = 1 + 1 = R1 + R2
series circuit, R R1 R2 R1 R2

R = R1 R2 = b 8 + 8 l = 4 Ω
8#8
or
(R1 + R2)
(b) Current flowing through 4 Ω resistor,
I =V = 8 = 2A
R 4
(c) Potential difference across 4 Ω resistor,
V = IR = 2 # 4 = 8 V
(d) Power dissipated in 4 Ω resistor,
P = I 2 R = 22 # 4 = 16 W
(e) No difference can be seen in ammeter’s reading.
As same current flows through each element in a
series circuit.

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NODIA CBSE Chapterwise PYQ Science Class 10 Page 469

But in case (2), parallel combination, the voltage (ii) For first wire,
across each bulb is the same so, all other bulbs
will glow as voltage eruption in the fused bulb R1 = ρ l = 4 Ω
A
does not affect the voltage of other bulbs. 1+1 Now for second wire,
260. (i) Draw a labelled circuit diagram of the circuit l/2 1 l
R2 = ρ = ρ
used to show the variation of potential difference 2A 4 A
across the ends of a resistor with current flowing R2 = 1 R1
4
through it. ff you use this circuit, what relation
R2 = 1 Ω
would you find between the voltmeter reading, V
and the ammeter reading, I ? The resistance of the new wire is 1 Ω .
(ii) A wire of given material having length l and area
261. For the combination of resistors shown in the
of cross-section A has a resistance of 4 Ω . Find
following figure, find the equivalent resistance
the resistance of another wire of the same material
between M and N .
having length l/2 and area of cross-section 2A .


Ans : SQP 2021

(i) The ohm’s law states that the current carrying in

a conductor is directly proportional to the voltage
applied across the ends of the conductor, keeping
the resistance constant.

(b) State Joule’s law of heating.

(c) Why we need a 5 A fuse for an electric iron which
consumes 1 kW power at 220 V?
(d) Why is it impracticable to connect an electric
bulb and an electric heater in series?

According to ohm’s law; V \ I

Ans : OD 2020

Mathematically; V = IR where (a) In the above diagram R1 and R2 are connected

in series and R3 and R 4 are connected in parallel
V = Voltage applied in volts
combination.
I = Current flowing in circuit in amperes.
(R1 + R2) + c 3 # 4 m
R R
R = Resistance of conductor (proportionality R3 + R 4
constant) (b) Joule’s law of heating implies that heat produced
Graphically; slope of will determine resistance of in a resistor is (i) directly proportional to the
conductor. square of current for a given resistance, (ii)
directly proportional to resistance and (iii)
directly proportional to the time for which the
current flows through the resistor.
H = I 2Rt
where, I = Current
R = Resistance
T = Time taken
(c) For an electric iron which consumes 1 kW electric
power when operated at 220 V, a current of
(1000/220) A, i.e., 4.54 A will flow in the circuit.
In this case, a 5 A fuse must be used.

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CH 11 : Electricity

R = R1 + R2 = 1 + 2 = 3 Ω Current I2 through resistance R2 = 10 Ω ,

I =V = 3 = 1A I2 = V = 6 = 0.6 A
R 3 R2 10
and current I3 through resistance R3 = 30 Ω ,
Ammeter reading = 1 A
Voltmeter Reading = IR = 1 # 2 = 2 V I3 = V = 6 = 0.2 A
R3 30
Voltmeter reading = 2 V (b) Total current in the circuit
I = I1 + I2 + I3
251. (a) Define the term volt.
= 1.2 + 0.6 + 0.2 = 2.0 A

(b) State the relation between work, charge and
potential difference for an electric circuit. (c) Total effective resistance of the circuit
Calculate the potential difference been the terminals R eq = V = 6 = 3.0 Ω
of a battery if 100 joules of work is required to I 2.0
transfer 20 coulombs of charge from one terminal of 253. (a) Two conductors A and B of resistances 5 Ω and
the battery of the other. 10 Ω respectively can be arranged in parallel and


Ans : Foreign 2016, OD 2011 later on in series. In each arrangement, the total
(a) The term volt is the S.I. unit of potential voltage applied across it is 20 volts. In which
difference. Potential difference is said to be volt if arrangement will the voltage across A and B
one joule work is to be done to carry 1 coulomb be the same and in which case will the current
positive charge from one point to another. flowing through A and B be the same ?
(b) The relation between work (W ), charge (Q) and (b) Calculate the total resistance for each arrangement.
potential difference (V ) for an electric circuit is

Ans : OD 2017

V =W (a) Voltage across A and B will be the same in

Q parallel.
Given: W = 100 J , and Q = 20 C Current flowing through A and B will be the
Potential difference, same in series.
(b) Equivalent resistance in series
V = W = 100 J = 5 V
Q 20 C = (5 + 10) Ω = 15 Ω

252. For the circuit diagram given below, calculate : Equivalent resistance in parallel,
(a) the value of current through each resistor. 1 =1+ 1 = 3
(b) the total current in the circuit. R 5 10 10
(c) the total effective resistance of the circuit. R = 10 = 3.33 Ω
3

254. V -I graph for a conductor is as shown in figure.

Ans : Comp 2017

(a) Since the three resistances, shown in the circuit

have been joined in parallel, hence voltage across
each of them is same having a value 6 V. (i) What do you infer from this graph ?
Current I1 through resistance R1 = 5 Ω , (ii) State the law expressed here
I1 = V = 6 = 1.2 A (iii) Name the physical quantity represented by the
R1 5 slope of this graph and its unit.

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NODIA CBSE Chapterwise PYQ Science Class 10 Page 471

2 2 (200 V)2 Power can also be written as

As, P =V , R =V =
R P 100 W P = I 2R
4
= 4 # 10 Ω = 400 Ω
2

100 P =V
R
(b) Electric energy consumed by 1 bulb in 10 hours The above two expressions are got by using Ohms
for 30 days, i.e., law, where, voltage, current and resistance are
W = Pt related by the following relation.
= 100 W # 10 # 30 = 30000 Wh
Where, R is the resistance in the circuit.
(c) For x number of resistors of resistance 132 Ω .
Electric energy consumed by 3 bulbs
Supply voltage, V = 220 Volt
= 30000 # 3 = 90000 Wh

Current, I = 5A
= 90 KWh = 90 unit

Equivalent resistance of the combination = R ,
(c) Cost of 90 units of electric energy given as
= 90 # 6.50 = ` 585
1 =x c 1 m
R # 132
265. (a) What is meant by the statement, “The resistance
R = 132
of a conductor is one ohm”? x
(b) Define electric power. Write an expression relating From Ohm’s law : 132 = 220
electric power, potential difference and resistance. x 5
132 = 44
(c) How many 132 Ω resistors in parallel are required x
to carry 5 A on a 220 V line?
132 = 44x


Ans : SQP 2020, OD 2014
x = 132 = 3
(a) Ohm’s law states that current flowing through a 44
conductor is directly proportional to the potential So, answer is 3 resistors
difference maintained across the two ends of a 266. (a) State the relation correlating the electric current
conductor at constant temperature and pressure. flowing in a conductor and the voltage applied across
Let current flowing through a conductor is I , V is it. Also draw a graph to show this relationship.
the potential difference maintained across the two (b) Find the resistance of a conductor if the electric
ends of a conductor. current flowing through it is 0.35 A when the
As per Ohm’s law, potential difference across it is 1.4 V.
V \I

Ans : Comp. 2020

Thus, V = IR (a) The ohm’s law states that the current carrying in
Here R is a proportionality constant called a conductor is directly proportional to the voltage
resistance. applied across the ends of the conductor, keeping
the resistance constant.
As per the question, the resistance of a conductor
is 1 ohm. Graphically; slope of will determine resistance of
conductor.
Let V =1 volt and I =1 A, then R =1 ohm
Hence , the resistance is said to be 1 ohm if 1
ampere of current flows through a circuit due to
the potential difference of 1 volt.
(b) Electric power is the rate at which work is done or
energy is transformed in an electrical circuit.
The formula for electric power is given by :
P = VI
where,
P is the power,
V is the potential difference in the circuit
I is the electric current.

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