DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF AN AUTOMATED POULTRY FEDDING

SYSTEMESS NETWORK.

By

HARUNA D AUWALU

U18CM1033

Supervisor

Engr. I.K. Musa

A Project Proposal Submitted to the Department of Electronics and Telecommunications

Engineering in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Award of Bachelor of

Engineering (BEng) in Electronics and Telecommunications ENGINEERING

May, 2025
 ABSTRACT
The poultry industry plays a crucial role in global food security and economic development, yet

it faces significant challenges related to labor costs, feed efficiency, and animal welfare. So,

there always comes a need for improvement in the field of agriculture. This project is an

automated real-time Poultry Feeding system that is intended to provide automation for poultry

feeding poultry farmers are performing diverse operations manually which result in production

and laborious cost of human involvement in poultry farms, this led to huge financial loss as a

result of their inability to properly automate. This project proposal outlines the design and

implementation of an Automated Poultry Feeding System (APFS) aimed at optimizing feed

distribution, reducing labor requirements, and enhancing the overall health and productivity of

poultry. These challenges in the poor feeding system of birds prompted this research work by

developing a real-time poultry feeding system based on (Arduino board) that could mimic the

roles of the poultry attendants in feed dispensing for birds at specified time intervals. In this

project, the user is allowed to control the poultry faster and more efficiently. The project will

begin with a comprehensive needs assessment to identify the key challenges faced by poultry

farmers, including feed wastage, inconsistent feeding schedules, and the labor-intensive nature of

traditional feeding methods. Based on this assessment, we will design a modular feeding system

equipped with sensors to monitor feed levels and environmental conditions. In conclusion, the

proposed Automated Poultry Feeding System represents a transformative approach to poultry

management, leveraging technology to address critical challenges in the industry. This project

aims to contribute to the advancement of modern poultry farming and support the growing

demand for poultry products in

 SECTION ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the study

As the demand for poultry products continues to rise due to population growth and changing

dietary preferences, there is an increasing need for efficient and sustainable farming practices.

One of the critical aspects of poultry farming is feeding, which directly impacts the health,

growth, and productivity of the birds. Traditional feeding methods, often labor-intensive and

time-consuming, can lead to inefficiencies, increased labor costs, and inconsistent feeding

schedules.

Traditional feeding methods require significant manual labor, which can be costly and time-

consuming. Farmers often need to monitor feeding schedules, refill feeders, and ensure that all

birds have access to food, which can be particularly challenging in large-scale operations.

Traditional poultry farming relies heavily on manual feeding systems, where farmers

distribute feed multiple times daily to ensure birds are adequately nourished, monitor feed levels

in troughs or containers to avoid underfeeding or overfeeding. Farmer refill feeders frequently,

which is laborious and time-consuming, especially in large farms. For example: In small-scale

farms, farmers often spend hours daily filling feeders manually, leading to high labor costs and

inefficiencies (Charan et al., 2023,Snehal et al., 2019).

Over 20% of feed is wasted in manual systems due to spillage or uneven distribution, further

straining resources (Shankar et al., 2023). Farmers are often overburdened, leading to physical

exhaustion and reduced productivity.

Manual monitoring is error-prone, increasing risks of disease outbreaks or poor growth due to

delayed responses (Snehal et al., 2019).

As poultry farms grow in size, labour demands escalate disproportionately. Large-scale farms

require more workers to manage feeding, cleaning, and monitoring. Inconsistent feed

distribution in manual systems leads to uneven growth rates among birds, reducing profitability

(Ulysis et al., 2024).

Labour costs account for a significant portion of poultry farming expenses: In developing

countries, small-scale farmers struggle to afford hired labor, forcing them to rely on family

members or inefficient manual methods (Charan et al., 2023).

High labor dependency limits the ability to scale operations or compete with industrial farms

(Parinya et al., 2023).

Manual feeding can lead to overfeeding or underfeeding, resulting in feed wastage and

nutritional imbalances. Uneaten feed can spoil, leading to increased costs and potential health

issues for the birds. Food waste is a significant challenge in poultry farming, driven by

inefficiencies in manual feeding systems, poor feed management leading to overfilling, and

environmental factors.

Manual systems lack precision, of feeders (spillage) or underfeeding (insufficient portions).

Example: In small-scale farms, manual feeding results in 20% monthly feed waste due to

spillage and uneven distribution (Shankar et al., 2023, Snehal et al., 2019).

Manual systems require constant monitoring and refilling, which is labor-intensive. Labor

shortages or fatigue lead to delayed refills, causing feed shortages or overflow (Parinya et
al.,2023). Feed waste in small scale farms equals one month`s total feed investment,

significantly impacting profitability (Snehal et al., 2019).

This feeder system is expected to reduce labor demand in poultry rearing especially focusing in

chicken rearing, where the increasing labor cost in poultry rearing and herd sizes have led to

significant interest in the use of automation. (Charan et al., 2023).

Nowadays, without a smart automatic food dispenser, farm animals may face inconsistent

feeding schedules, leading to stress and irregular eating patterns. Farmers must manually feed the

animals, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, especially on larger farms. This manual

process can result in unequal food distribution, with some animals receiving more or less than

they need, potentially causing malnutrition or obesity. Human error can lead to overfeeding or

underfeeding, impacting the animals' health and productivity. Overall, the lack of automation in

feeding systems can lead to inefficiencies and potential welfare issues for the animals (Mugisho

2023).

Wastage of feed, improper administration of feed, stressful manual labor, disease outbreak, and

fatigue are all effects of the manual system of feeding. These factors make the cost of production

in poultry to be highly capital intensive, thereby discouraging people from venturing into the

poultry business. Moreover, jobs such as picking eggs laid by matured layersand overhauling of

the litter material interfere with feeding. Hence, making the pressure that the farmers experience

an increase as the number of birds increases. The challenges mentioned above prompted the

development of technologies that could tackle and solve some of the flaws in the most current

system of feeding poultry in the tropics; which includes but is not limited to the development of

a feed dispensing system that could supply feed to the birds at appropriate time intervals (Patrick

et al., 2022).
1.2 Aims and Objectives

The aim of this project is to design and implement an automated poultry feeding system.

The objectives of are as follows:

i. To design an automated poultry feeding system.

ii. To simulate the designed automated poultry feeding system.

iii. To construct the designed automated poultry feeding system.

1.3 Significance of study

The design and implementation of an automated poultry feeding system hold immense

importance for addressing critical challenges in modern poultry farming. This study contributes

to advancing agricultural technology and sustainable food production in the following ways:

Traditional poultry farming relies heavily on manual feeding, which is time-consuming,

laborious, and prone to human error. Small-scale farmers, in particular, face rising labor costs

and shortages (Charan et al., 2023, Parinya et al., 2023). Automation reduces reliance on manual

labor by using sensors, microcontrollers (e.g., Arduino, PLCs), and IoT systems to dispense feed

at scheduled intervals. This frees farmers to focus on higher-value tasks like health monitoring

and farm management.

Inconsistent feeding schedules and poor feed quality negatively impact poultry growth rates and

feed conversion ratios (FCR) (Yadhira et al., 2022). Automated systems ensure timely and

uniform feed delivery, improving FCR and weight gain. For instance, selenium-enriched feed
dispensers (Yadhira et al., 2022) boost antioxidant capacity in birds, enhancing growth

efficiency.

High upfront costs of industrial automation exclude smallholders, perpetuating inefficiencies

(Parinya et al., 2023). This study prioritizes low-cost, modular designs (e.g., Arduino-based

systems) to make automation accessible for resource-limited farmers, fostering economic

resilience and scalability.

Feed production consumes significant resources (water, land, energy), and waste contributes to

environmental pollution (Isabella et al., 2022, Snehal et al., 2019). Precision feeding reduces

resource depletion and methane emissions from decomposed feed.

The comfort zone in poultry refers to the optimal temperature range within which chickens can

regulate their body temperature without exerting unnecessary effort, considering factors such as

feeding techniques and housing locations. Beyond this zone, noticeable behavioral changes can

be detected, such as increased respiration rate and changes in body posture in response to

temperature thresholds. When the ambient temperature exceeds a certain threshold, hens are

unable to disperse heat efficiently, resulting in a reduction in meal intake. Under certain

conditions, leaving an excessive amount of food for chickens is not suggested due to the

possibility of overfeeding or selective feeding, which can result in significant feed waste (Ulysis

et al., 2023). The automated system ensures better poultry health management by providing a

controlled and hygienic feeding process, reducing the risk of contamination and disease spread,

optimizing feeding schedules to match poultry growth patterns, ensuring proper nutrition and

minimizing stress on birds, as consistent and measured feeding contributes to a healthier flock.
1.4 Scope of Project

This work focuses on the technical aspects of designing and implementing an automated feeding

system, with an emphasis on improving efficiency and reducing personnel costs in poultry

farming, aimed at addressing challenges in of poultry farming, such as high labor demand, and

poor bird feeding. It mimics the roles of real-life poultry attendants in delivering feed and water

to birds at specified intervals.

Utilization of a microcontroller via the Arduino Uno for controlling the dispensing of poultry

feed (both liquid and solid). Incorporation of Ultrasonic sensors (HC-SR04) to measure feed

levels in the container and feeder trays and water in troughs and intelligently dispense them as

needed. Detects low feed levels and triggers automatic refilling.

DC motor opening and closing the feed outlet valve based on sensor data and schedules. RTC

module ensuring feed is dispensed at predefined intervals (e.g., morning/evening).

1.5 Proposal Organization

The introduction has been presented in section one. The rest of the sections are structured as

follows: Detailed review of fundamental concepts covering sensors for monitoring feed levels,

microcontrollers regulating the opening and closing of feeders using a motor, pre-programed

timers and feed optimization utilization as well as review of similar works are carried out in

section two. Section three is devoted for research problem. Materials and methods to be followed

will be highlighted in section four. Finally, proposal summary makes up section five. The list of

cited references is provided at the end of this report.

 SECTION TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Introduction

This section presents the literature review comprising fundamental concepts and similar research

works pertinent to this work. Under fundamental concepts, discussions will cover computational

principles and electronics component used in the work. Sensors for feed level and water level

detection, feed dispensing control activity, automated feeding scheduling, as well as support

model equations and techniques available will be discussed. On the other hand, the review of

similar work will establish the extent of research in the subject area in order to provide this

research with a different approach for achieving a better desired goal.

2.2 Review of Fundamental Concept

Fundamental concepts pertinent to this work are presented in this subsection. These concepts are

discussed in order to justify the choice of models, tools, and techniques to be used in this

research to achieve better results.

2.2.1 Sensor Integration for Environmental Monitoring

Sensors like the HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensors, DHT11 temperature/humidity sensors are essential

for gathering real-time data about the environment and system status.

Sensor integration refers to the process of connecting various sensors to a central control unit (in

this case, the Arduino Uno) to collect data about the environment or system status. These sensors
act as the "eyes and ears" of the system, providing real-time information that the microcontroller

uses to make decisions.

Environmental conditions directly affect the health, growth, and productivity of broilers. Broilers

are sensitive to temperature changes. High temperatures can cause heat stress, reducing feed

intake and growth rates. Low temperatures can cause cold stress, increasing energy demands and

diverting nutrients away from growth. High humidity exacerbates heat stress by reducing the

effectiveness of evaporative cooling (panting). Low humidity can dry out respiratory tissues,

making broilers more susceptible to infections. Monitoring feed levels ensures timely dispensing

and prevents shortages, which could lead to stress or reduced growth.

2.2.1.1 HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensors.

The HC-SR04 is an ultrasonic distance sensor commonly used in robotics, automation, and

electronics projects. It is a low-cost, easy-to-use sensor that measures the distance to an object by

emitting ultrasonic sound waves and measuring the time it takes for the sound waves to bounce

back after hitting the object. Their ability to provide accurate distance measurements without

physical contact makes them ideal for a range of automation and safety systems. We used it to

detect the level of food in the container. The sensor can measure distances ranging from 2 cm to

400 cm (4 meters) with an accuracy of about 3 mm.

The HC-SR04 operates on the principle of ultrasonic echolocation, similar to how bats navigate.

To start the measurement process, the microcontroller sends a 10-microsecond HIGH pulse to

the Trig pin. This pulse tells the sensor to emit an ultrasonic burst of 8 pulses at a frequency of

40 kHz .The sensor emits the ultrasonic waves through its transmitter (one of the two cylindrical

"eyes"). These sound waves travel through the air at the speed of sound (~343 m/s or ~0.0343
cm/µs). When the ultrasonic waves hit an object, they are reflected back toward the sensor. The

receiver (the other cylindrical "eye") detects the reflected waves and generates a signal. The

Echo pin outputs a HIGH signal whose duration corresponds to the time it took for the ultrasonic

waves to travel to the object and back.

The total distance traveled by the ultrasonic wave is twice the actual distance to the object (to the

object and back). Therefore:

1
D= ∗T∗C
2

where : D=distance

T =time between emision∧reception

C=speed of sound

Figure 2.1 HCS-R04

2.2.1.2 DHT11

DHT11 is an embedded sensor, used to measure both temperature and humidity of the

surroundings. It is made up of two different parts i.e. capacitive humidity sensor and a

thermistor. DHT11 is a slow sensor but is quite efficient for the applications where we need to do

some basic analog data exchange. There is a small chip inside this sensor which performs the

function of analog to digital to analog conversion and gives the results for temperature as well as

for humidity in digital form. This digital signal can be read easily through any micro-controller.

These sensors are connected to an internal IC that processes the raw data from the sensing

elements and outputs it as a calibrated digital signal.

In humidity measurement, the capacitive humidity sensor detects the amount of water vapor in

the air, as humidity increases, the dielectric constant of the material between the capacitor plates

changes, altering the capacitance. The internal IC converts this change into a digital value

representing relative humidity.

In temperature measurement, the NTC thermistor's resistance decreases as the temperature

increases. The internal IC measures this resistance change and converts it into a temperature

reading.

The DHT11 uses a single-wire communication protocol to send data to the microcontroller. The

data packet consists of 40 bits: 8 bits for integral humidity, 8 bits for decimal humidity, 8 bits for

integral temperature, 8 bits for decimal temperature, and 8 bits for checksum. The checksum
ensures data integrity by verifying that the sum of the first four bytes matches the checksum

byte.

The microcontroller sends a start signal by pulling the data pin low for at least 18 ms, then

pulling it high for 20-40 µs. The DHT11 responds by pulling the data pin low for 80 µs, then

high for 80 µs to indicate it is ready to send data. The DHT11 sends 40 bits of data, where each

bit is represented by a pulse. A "0" is represented by a shorter high pulse (26-28 µs), while a "1"

is represented by a longer high pulse (70µs). After receiving the 40 bits, the microcontroller

calculates the checksum and compares it with the received checksum byte. If they match, the

data is considered valid; otherwise, it is discarded.

Figure 2.2 DHT11

2.2.2 Actuator Control for Automation

An actuator is a device that converts energy (such as electrical, hydraulic, pneumatic, or thermal

energy) into mechanical motion. It is a critical component in automation systems because it

enables the physical movement or control of machinery and processes. Actuators are used to

perform tasks such as opening/closing valves, moving robotic arms, adjusting motor speeds, or

controlling conveyor belts.

In automation, actuators work in conjunction with sensors, controllers, and software to create

closed-loop systems that monitor and adjust processes in real time.

2.2.2.1 SG90 servo motor

The SG90 servo motor is a compact, lightweight, and affordable micro servo motor commonly

used in small-scale automation systems, robotics, and embedded projects. It is widely known for

its precision in controlling angular movement, making it ideal for applications requiring accurate

positioning, such as opening/closing valves, controlling feed dispensers, or actuating mechanical

components. The SG90 servo motors actuate physical components, such as opening/closing feed

dispensers or adjusting environmental controls. Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) is used to

control the position of servo motors. By varying the duty cycle of the PWM signal, the Arduino

Uno can precisely position the servos. Closed-loop systems can be implemented by integrating

sensors to verify that actuators perform their intended actions (e.g., confirming that the feed

dispenser has opened). The SG90 servo motor operates by converting electrical signals into

precise mechanical motion.

The pulse width of the signal determines the desired position of the output shaft:

i. 1ms pulse sets the servo to 0

ii. 1.5ms pulse sets the servo to 90°

iii. 2ms pulse sets the servo to 180°

Inside the servo, a potentiometer is attached to the output shaft. The potentiometer continuously

monitors the current position of the shaft and sends this information to the control circuit. The

control circuit compares the desired position (from the PWM signal) with the actual position

(from the potentiometer). If there is a discrepancy, the control circuit activates the DC motor to

rotate the output shaft until the desired position is achieved. The DC motor's high-speed rotation

is reduced by a gear system, which also increases the torque. This ensures smooth and precise

movement of the output shaft. Once the output shaft reaches the desired position, the control

circuit stops the motor, holding the shaft in place. The servo remains in this position until a new

PWM signal is received.

Figure 2.3 SG90 servo motor

2.2.3 Microcontroller as the Central Processing Unit

It acts as the "brain" of the entire system, coordinating all operations and ensuring that inputs

(sensor data) are processed and outputs (actuator control) are executed effectively. A

microcontroller is a compact integrated circuit designed to govern a specific operation in an

embedded system. It typically contains: A processor (CPU), Memory (RAM, ROM/Flash), and

Input/ Output (I/O) peripherals (digital and analog pins),

2.2.3.1 Arduino Uno

The Arduino Uno serves as the central processing unit, executing logic based on sensor inputs

and controlling outputs. The Uno reads sensor data, processes it, and determines appropriate

actions (e.g., activating servos when feed levels are low). It sends control signals to actuators,

ensuring coordinated operation of the system. The flexibility of the Arduino IDE allows

customization of the system’s behavior, enabling scalability and adaptability to different farm

sizes or requirements.
 Figure 2.4 Arduino uno

2.2.4 Feed Storage Hopper

The primary function of the feed storage hopper is to store a large quantity of feed, ensuring a

continuous supply for the birds. It acts as a reservoir, minimizing the frequency of manual

refilling. Protects the feed from environmental factors like moisture, pests, and contamination.

The hopper's design (e.g., sloped bottom) facilitates the controlled flow of feed to the dispensing

mechanism.

2.2.5 Feed Dispensing Mechanism, Feed Trough and Drinking Trough

The dispensing mechanism is responsible for delivering a measured amount of feed to the feed

trough at predetermined intervals or based on sensor data.

The feed trough provides a designated area where the birds can access and consume the feed.

Presents the feed in an accessible manner, encouraging birds to eat. It is designed to minimize

feed wastage by preventing birds from scattering or spilling the feed

The drinking trough is used to provide a clean and accessible source of water for the bird, it is

easy to clean and disinfect. Easily accessible to all birds, it is designed to minimize water

wastage.

Figure 2.5 a feeding trough

2.3 Review of Similar Works

This subsection presents the review of similar works. The selected published works are pertinent

to this thesis. This review will establish the extent of the work in the subject area. It will

highlight the techniques or mechanism and tools used to solve similar problems with a view to

identifying research gaps. The information and knowledge derived will assist in providing better

solution to the identified problems.

A poultry farm automatic feeder with a digital display, temperature and humidity controls, and a

timed feature. It is primarily made up of a feeding mechanism, a travel mechanism, a

temperature humidity sensor, and an electrical control box with a digital display that can show 24

hours and a time setting function. When performing automatic feeding with just one intervention,

this system lowers labour costs and not only cuts down on staff contact with poultry but also on

the spread of disease. With a temperature and humidity sensor, breeding field numerical data can

be monitored in real-time, the upper and lower limits of temperature and humidity fluctuations

can be set, and spraying water pumps, fans or heating can be controlled according to the set

point. JH Cai, et al. (2020),

According to Ulysis et al., 2023 The comfort zone in poultry refers to the optimal temperature

range within which chickens can regulate their body temperature without exerting unnecessary

effort, considering factors such as feeding techniques and housing locations. Beyond this zone,

noticeable behavioral changes can be detected, such as increased respiration rate and changes in

body posture in response to temperature thresholds. When the ambient temperature exceeds a

certain threshold, hens are unable to disperse heat efficiently, resulting in a reduction in meal
intake. Under certain conditions, leaving an excessive amount of food for chickens is not

suggested due to the possibility of overfeeding or selective feeding, which can result in

significant feed waste.

Ogbuka et al. (2021) developed an Arduino based automated poultry feeding system that mimics

the role of poultry attendants by sensing feed levels and dispensing accordingly. Their system

achieved 98.79% accuracy in feed level detection and operated with a response time of 5. The

system does not consider temperature or humidity variations, which can affect poultry feeding

behavior. No integration with remote monitoring, this design does not allow remote tracking or

control.

Madane et al. (2019) introduced an automatic poultry feeder using a PIC18F46K22

microcontroller, ultrasonic sensors, and a GSM module. The system automatically dispensed

feed when levels were low and sent SMS notifications to poultry farm owners regarding feed

availability.

Limited scalability: The system is designed for small- to medium-sized farms and may not be

easily adaptable to large-scale poultry operations.

Absence of real-time behavioral analysis: The feeder operates solely based on feed level

detection, ignoring other behavioral cues of poultry.

Lino et al., (2022). This study designed an automated feeding system for turkeys, categorizing

feed into three types based on weight ranges (0–500 g, 500 g–10 kg, 10–20 kg) and incorporating

selenium additives for growth enhancement. The system used Factory IO and TIA Portal for

simulation and programming, employing ON/OFF control and HMI for user interaction.

Automated feed distribution based on weight, reducing labor and optimizing nutrition.
 Limited to turkeys; no real-time monitoring of environmental conditions like temperature or

humidity. Lack of integration with IoT for remote monitoring and control.

Sinduja et al., (2016) This project utilized an Arduino ATmega2560 and wireless sensor

networks (WSN) to monitor temperature, water, and feed levels, with alerts sent via SMS.

Reduced manual labor by automating environmental monitoring and feeding. .

Kumar et al., (2023) A line-following robot with IR sensors and Embedded C programming was

developed to automate feed distribution in cage systems. Reduced feed wastage and labor by

automating feed delivery along a predefined path. No water dispensing; limited to small-scale

farms due to battery dependency.

Dhauth et al., (2020). This system combined feeding automation with egg collection using

Arduino, ultrasonic sensors, and a robotic arm. Dual functionality (feeding and egg collection)

improved farm efficiency, complex mechanical design; high maintenance for small-scale

farmers. No nutritional customization or environmental monitoring.

Ogbuka et al., (2024). The system used an ATmega328P microcontroller and ultrasonic sensors

to dispense feed and water based on trough levels, achieving 79% accuracy. Real-time level

sensing and dispensing reduced waste and labor.

From the literature reviewed, it is evident that much work has been done to solve the problems

encountered in poultry farming. But the various literature reviewed, have limitations and gaps

that will be address in this propose work. No water dispensing, limited to small-scale farms due

to battery dependency. Complex mechanical design and high maintenance for small-scale

farmers. No real-time monitoring of environmental conditions like temperature or humidity. No

real-time
 SECTION THREE

RESEARCH PROBLEM

3.1 Problem Statement

Poultry farming, particularly broiler production, faces two critical Manual feeding systems are

labor intensive, prone to inconsistencies, and do not account for the dynamic influence of

environmental factors on bird appetite. Fluctuations in temperature and humidity directly impact

broiler feed consumption; high temperatures and humidity often lead to reduced feed intake,

potentially hindering growth and increasing production costs. An automated system offers the

potential for significant improvements in feed efficiency and overall farm management.

Manual feeding requires significant human resources and time. It can lead to uneven feed

distribution, resulting in variations in bird growth and health. Failure to account for

environmental factors like temperature and humidity results in suboptimal feed intake and

potentially wasted resources. Broiler feed intake is highly sensitive to temperature and humidity

changes. For example: High temperatures reduce appetite, leading to underfeeding and poor

weight gain. Humidity affects feed quality (spoilage) and palatability, causing waste and health

risks. snehal et al., (2019). Manual systems lack real-time environmental monitoring, resulting in

feed mismanagement and economic losses charan et al., (2023).

Manual handling can increase the risk of disease transmission among birds.
Manual feeding systems require farmers to spend significant time and effort on repetitive tasks

such as feed distribution, monitoring consumption, and refilling containers. This leads to

inconsistent feeding schedules, which stress broilers and reduce growth rates Snehal et al.,

(2019).
 SECTION FOUR

MATERIALS AND METHODS

4.1 Introduction

This methodology outlines the design and implementation of an automated poultry feeding

system for broilers, incorporating temperature and humidity sensors to optimize feed

distribution. The system utilizes a DHT11 sensor for temperature and humidity readings, an HC-

SR04 ultrasonic sensor for feed level monitoring, an SG90 servo motor for controlling feed

dispensing, and an Arduino board as the central processing unit.

Hardware Components

i. Arduino Uno (or similar microcontroller)

ii. DHT11 Temperature and Humidity Sensor

iii. HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor

iv. SG90 Servo Motor

v. Power Supply (5V)

vi. Feed Hopper with dispensing mechanism (e.g., a small chute controlled by the servo)

vii. Connecting wires and breadboard

viii. Arduino IDE

ix. Programming code to integrate sensor readings, control the servo motor, and implement

feeding logic
4.2 Methodology

The following is the step-by-step approach for achieving the objectives of the research:

i. The DHT11 and HC-SR04 sensors are connected to the Arduino board according to their

datasheets.
ii. Calibration of the sensors is made. This involves taking multiple readings under

controlled conditions and adjusting the code to compensate for any systematic errors.

iii. The SG90 servo motor is connected to a digital pin on the Arduino. The servo's position

(open or closed) is controlled by using the “Servo” library in Arduino.

iv. The angle of rotation is calibrated to determine the optimal position for opening and

closing the feed chute

v. Thresholds is set for temperature, humidity, and feed level. If the feed level is below a

certain threshold, dispense feed. If the temperature or humidity is outside the optimal

range, adjust feeding frequency or amount (potentially reduce feeding in hot/humid

conditions to prevent spoilage).

vi. The Arduino code is integrated in all the above components. It will read sensor data,

apply the feeding logic, and control the servo motor accordingly.

1. The DHT11 sensor continuously monitors temperature and humidity levels within

the poultry house.

2. The HC-SR04 sensor measures the feed level in the hopper.

3. The Arduino processes sensor data and determines the appropriate feeding action

based on predefined thresholds and algorithms

 4. The SG90 servo motor rotates to open the feed dispensing mechanism, releasing

feed into the broiler enclosure.

The system is tested under various conditions (different temperatures, humidity and feed levels)

to verify its functionality and reliability. Its’ performance is monitored and adjustments made as

needed.
 SECTION FIVE

PROPOSAL SUMMARY
5.1 Conclusion

This project proposes the design and implementation of an automated poultry feeding system for

broilers, using an Arduino based system with DHT11 (temperature/humidity), HC-SR04 (feed

level), and SG90 servo motor for automated dispensing. The system will monitor environmental

conditions and feed levels, adjusting dispensing accordingly to optimize feed intake and reduce

waste. Future enhancements include remote monitoring, data logging, and advanced algorithms

for predictive feeding.

 1) References

2) Charan Kumar, Girish K C, Manish M D, Manoj L, S K, UG Students, School of

Mechanical Engineering, REVA University, Bengaluru, India Dr. Pramodkumar,

Associate Professor, School of Mechanical Engineering, REVA University, Bengaluru,

India. Dogo Rangsang Research Journal UGC Care Group I Journal ISSN : 2347-7180

Vol-13, Issue-5, No. 4, May 2023 Page | 134 Copyright @ 2023 Authors DESIGN AND

FABRICATION OF AUTOMATIC POULTRY FOOD FEEDING SYSTEM AI and IoT

for Smart Poultry Farming: Automated Feeding and Monitoring.

3) Shankar Ganesh A1,a), Anandh BA1*,b), Nandakumar P1,c), Deepa R1,d), Sumbramani

S2,e) 1Department of Electronics, PSG College Of Arts & Science, Coimbatore-641014,

Tamilnadu, India. 2Department of Electronics, Government Arts College, kulithalai-

639120, Tamilnadu, India. a)shankar.psgcas@gmail.com, b)anandh.ba@gmail.com*,

c)nandacjb@gmail.com, d)rdeepa1981@gmail.com, e)sai.subbu29@gmail.com. Journal

of Survey in Fisheries Sciences 10(2S) 1732-1736 2023 Automatic Food Feeder for

Poultry Industry Using Arduino

4) Ulysis V. Ramizares a,1, Winbert James A. Teves a,2, Edwin R. Arboleda a,3, Julliana

Marie C. Bangeles a,4,* a Department of Computer and Electronics Engineering, Cavite

State University, Indang, Cavite, Philippines 1uramizares@gmail.com; 2

winbertjames28@gmail.com; edwin.r.arboleda@cvsu.edu.ph;

4mrs3.bangelesjmc@gmail.com * Corresponding Author. International Journal of

Robotics and Control Systems Vol. 4, No. 1, 2024, pp. 69-87 ISSN 2775-2658

http://pubs2.ascee.org/index.php/ijrcs Intelligent Temperature-Controlled Poultry Feed

Dispensing System with Fuzzy Logic Algorithm

5) Yadhira S. Valenzuela-Lino Department of Mechatronic Engineering Universidad

Continental Huancayo, Perú 73105932@continental.edu.pe Nabilt Moggiano

Engineering Research Unit,Faculty of Engineering Universidad Continental Huancayo,

Perú nmoggiano@continental.edu.pe Jesús Eduardo Rosales-Fierro Department of

Mechatronic Engineering Universidad Continental Huancayo, Perú

76560426@continental.edu.pe Carlos Alberto Coaquira-Rojo Department of Mechatronic

Engineering Universidad Continental Huancayo, Perú ccoaquira@continental.edu.pe,

whic. Jhon Rodrigo Ortiz-Zacarias Department of Mechatronic Engineering Universidad

Continental Huancayo, Perú 71689110@continental.edu.pe Deyby Huamanchahua

Department of Mechatronic Engineering Universidad Continental Huancayo, Perú

dhuamanchahua@continental.edu.pe. Design of an Automated Feeding and Drinking

System for Turkeys in Different Stages of Development

6) K.Sinduja1,S.Sofia Jenifer2,M.Sri Abishek3,B.Sivasankari4 UG Student, assistant

professorInternational Journal of Advanced Science Co International Research Journal of

Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395 -0056 Volume: 03 Issue: 03 | Mar-

2016 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 Automated Control System for Poultry Farm

Based On Embedded System.

7) Parinya Natho, Likit Chamuthai, Sangtong Boonying, Nantiya Tantidontanet. A

Prototype Platform for Automated Chicken Feeding Control with an Embedded System

Department of Information System and Business Computer, Faculty of Business

Administration and Information Technology, 19 Moo 3 Tha Wasukri, Phra Nakon Si

Ayutthaya, Phra Nakon Si Ayutthaya, 13000, Thailand 1 nantiya.t@rmutsb.ac.th

8) Rian FerdiaDasman 1, Yan Heriyandi2, Mohammad Hafiz Hersyah 1Faculty of

Information Technology, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Sumatera Barat 25163

INDONESIA 2Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Sumatera Barat

25163 Indonesia 3Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science

and Tehcnology, Nara 630-0192 Japan Automatic Feeder for Laying Hens Based on

Noise Amplitude.

9) Snehal B Madane1, Yogeshwari D Patil1, Saipriya Nainwad1, Akshata A Kabadage1,

M.S.Kumbhar2 1UG Student, 2UG Guide, Department of Electronics and

Telecommunication Engineering, Rajarambapu Institute of Technology, Islampur,

Maharashtra, India Email: snehalmadane45@gmail.com DOI:

http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3250438. Automatic Feeder for Poultry Farm. Journal of

Electronics and Communication Systems Volume 4 Issue 2

10) Ifeanyi Chinaeke-Ogbuka, Edward Anoliefo, and Augustine Ajibo Department of

Electronic Engineering, University of Nigeria, Nsukka ifeanyi.chinaeke-

ogbuka@unn.edu.ng, edward.anoliefo@unn.edu.ng, augustine.ajibo@unn.edu.ng

Cosmas Ogbuka Department of Electrical Engineering/ACE-SPED University of Nigeria,

Nsukka cosmas.ogbuka@unn.edu.ng. Design and Implementation of an Automated

Feeding System for Poultry Farms Proceedings of the 4th European International

Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management Rome, Italy, August

2-5, 2021
11) Ifeanyi Chinaeke-Ogbuka, Nnabuike Ezukwoke, Mmasom Ndefo, Felix Udechukwu,

Ikechukwu Ogbonna, Edward Anoliefo, Dumtoochukwu Oyeka, Cosmas Ogbuka

(Department Of Electronic And Computer Engineering, University Of Nigeria Nsukka)

(Department Of Industrial Technical Education, University Of Nigeria Nsukka)

(Department Of Electrical Engineering, University Of Nigeria Nsukka). Development Of

A User-Friendly Automated Poultry Feeding System. IOSR Journal of Electronics and

Communication Engineering (IOSR-JECE) e-ISSN: 2278-2834, p- ISSN: 2278-

8735.Volume 19, Issue 6, Ser. 1 (Nov. – Dec. 2024), PP 01-05 www.iosrjournals.org

12) MUGISHO MWIMUKA Romuald Roll number: 202150360 Supervised by: Ir Annuarita

GATESI Kigali-Rwanda October 2024.

13) K.Shek Dhauth1, P.Praveen Kumar2, C.Rajmohan3, Dr.R.Prakash4, Dr.S.Saravanan5

1,2,3 Student Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Muthayammal

Engineering College, Namakkal, Tamilnadu, India 4,5 Professor Department of Electrical

and Electronics Engineering, Muthayammal Engineering College, Namakkal, Tamilnadu,

Implementation of Automatic Poultry Feeding and Egg Collecting System. India© April

2020 | IJIRT | Volume 6 Issue 11 | ISSN: 2349-6002

14) Puspo Dewantoa*, M. Munadib, Mohammad Tauviqirrahmanc, Department of

Mechanical Engineering, Diponegoro University, Jl. Prof. Soedarto, SH, Tembalang,

Semarang 50275, Indonesia aEmail: puspodewanto@gmail.com bEmail:

 munady096@gmail.com cEmail: mtauviq99@gmail.com. Development of an Automatic

Broiler Feeding System using PLC and HMI for Closed House System American

Scientific Research Journal for Engineering, Technology, and Sciences (ASRJETS) ISSN

(Print) 2313-4410, ISSN (Online) 2313-4402 © Global Society of Scientific Research

and Researchers http://asrjetsjournal.org/

15)