PHYSICAL EDUCATION 1 teamwork, and excellence for the development of a healthy

and alert citizenry.

MOVEMENT ENHANCEMENT

PHYSICAL EDUCATION
CURRICULUM PHILOSOPHY OF PHYSICAL
Came from the Latin word "physico” meaning EDUCATION MOVEMENT ENHANCEMENT
physics and "educatio", meaning the training of the bodily
organs and power with a view to the promotion of hearts and For these reasons that same mandated that: All
vigor. educational institutions shall undertake regular sports activities
throughout the country in cooperation with athletic clubs and
To have a sound body, one must have a sound mind— other sectors.
thus being in a state of mental health. The World Health
Organization (WHO) defines health as a state of complete
physical, mental, social wellness, not merely the absence of
disease or infirmity. CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISION

Physical Education is an integral part of the education These Constitutional provisions can be achieved in
program which aim to promote the optimum development of Physical Education. According to David (2010), Physical
the individual physically, socially, emotionally, spiritually, and education is basis to the best development of Child and youth.
the mentally through total movement in the performance of It should be a process of experience, progressing
properly selected physical activities. (Andin, 2002) from the simple type, for small youngsters to none advance
movement.

LEGAL BASES OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION

In Accordance with the pertinent provisions of LEARNING OUTCOMES

Republic Act (RA) No. 7722—otherwise known as the The curriculum develops them to grow physically,
"Higher Education Act of 1994" in pursuance of an outcome- intellectually, socially and emotionally as individual and
based quality assurance system as advance under CM046S members of a group.
2012 and virtue of commission.

The following policies, standard and guidelines are

hereby accepted and promulgated by the commission for the LEARNING APPROACHES
purpose of nationalizing physical education in the country
It should develop interest and attitude that will enable
with the end in view of keeping pace with the demand by great
youth to feel that they have a place in this world, can give
competitiveness and pursuant to Article XIV. Section 19 of the
great contribution in building the society. This is a well-
Philippines constitution which mandates that the state shall
planned program of Physical Education to ensure effectiveness
promote physical education and encourage sports programs,
of instruction.
league competitions, and amateur sports, including training for
international competitions, to foster self-discipline, team work,
and excellence for the development of a healthy and alert
citizenry. HEALTH & FITNESS

All education institution shall undertake regular HEALTH

sports activities throughout the country in cooperation of
A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being
athletic clubs and often sectors.
and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.

FITNESS
LEGAL BASES, ACQUISITION, AND IMPORTANCE
A major Goal of Physical Education Education.
OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION AS PART OF THE
CURRICULUM

The importance of Physical education as part of the OBJECTIVES OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION

curriculum is in the 1986 Philippines constitution, Article XIV,
Section 19 which states the "the state shall promote physical Physical Development
education and encourages sports programs, league
Social Development
competitions and amateur sports, including training for
international competitions, to further self-discipline, Emotional Development
 Mental Development Refers to the range of motion around a given joint without
pain.
Like muscular strength and endurance, flexibility is
joint-specific. For instance, you may have very flexible
shoulders but tight and inflexible hamstrings or hips.
FACTORS AFFECTING FITNESS

Gender Build
MUSCULAR ENDURANCE
Diet Exercise The ability to exercise without tiring in a long period
of time. One of two factors that contribute to overall muscular
Physical disability Illness and Fatigue health (muscular strength is the other).
Think of muscular endurance as a particular muscle
Drug-taking Stress
group's ability to continuously contract against a given
Environment Age resistance.

STRENGTH
The ability to exert force against resistance in a short
IMPORTANCE OF PHYSICAL FITNESS
time. While muscular endurance refers to how fatigue-resistant
To maintain regular exercises, physical fitness helps the a particular muscle group is, muscular strength refers to the
individual: amount of force a specific muscle group can produce in one,
1. Competence in movement and motor skills in any various all-out effort.
physical activity performance.
2 Habitual physical activity participation to achieve and BODY COMPOSITION
maintain good health. Ideally, a state in which body fat does not exceed 25
3 Understanding various movement concept, principles and percent of the total body composition.
tactics as they apply to the leaning physical activity. Body composition, or your body's fat mass ratio to
4. Valuing physical activities for enjoyment, as part of fat-free mass, is the final component of health-related physical
socialization. fitness.
5. Minimize stress response Because high levels of fat mass are associated with
6. Delay aging process adverse health outcomes, such as heart disease and type 2
7. Improve posture movement and appearance by diabetes, attaining and maintaining a healthy body
strengthening muscles that support the body, composition is a goal of just about all regular exercise
8 Improve organic function. routines.
9. Prevent heart ailment.
10. Improve assessment through fitness tests that support
fitness and health goals. BIOELECTRICAL IMPEDANCE ANALYSIS (BIA)
11. Achieve and maintain a health-enhancing level of physical Some gyms offer this type of testing, or you can
fitness. purchase a scale for gone use that uses bioelectrical impedance
12. Participate regularly in lifelong physical activity. analysis to estimate body fat percentage.

HYDROSTATIC UNDERWATER WEIGHING

HEALTH-RELATED COMPONENTS OF FITNESS Hydrostatic testing involves being weighed on dry
land followed on an underwater scale. You can find these
CARDIOVASCULAR ENDURANCE testing facilities in research labs and some fitness centers.
From the word cardio means heart, the ability to
exercise at an elevated heart rate for a designated time while DEXA (DUAL-ENERGY X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY)
supplying adequate oxygen to the body. SCANS
Refers to your body's ability to efficiently and These are typically used for measuring bone mineral
effectively intake oxygen and deliver it to your body's tissues density but can also accurately measure body composition.
through the heart, lungs, arteries, vessels, and veins. DEXA scans are usually performed at radiology centers and
Also called cardiorespiratory endurance or aerobic may or may not be covered by insurance.
fitness.
BODY FAT PERCENTAGE CALCULATOR
FLEXIBILITY These tools are not as accurate as a DEXA scan or
The ability to move joint with ease through the hydrostatic testing but are readily available and easy to use.
normal range of motion and muscles to their fullest extent. The results typically fall within three to four
percentage points of your actual body fat percentage, so use
these results to monitor changes and ensure you're seeing
improvements over time.

SKILL-RELATED FITNESS COMPONENTS

AGILITY
The ability to change direction quickly. Agility is the
ability to move quickly and to easily change direction.

BALANCE
The ability to remain stable even when moving.
Balance itself refers to your ability to adjust your body
position to remain upright.
It deals with proprioception, or knowing where your
body is in space, and being able to make adjustments to your
position as your center of gravity changes during movement.
(Ex. Standing on one foot)

COORDINATION
The ability to use vision, touch and muscle sense. So
many sports and activities require well-honed hand-eye (or
foot-eye) coordination, including badminton, golf, soccer,
basketball, football, racquetball, archery, softball, ultimate
Frisbee, and more.
All require you to be able to see an external object
and respond precisely with your hands and/or feet to meet a
pre-determined objective.
(Ex. Dribbling a Ball, jumping Rope)

POWER
Simply defined as the ability to release maximum
strength. It combines speed and strength. In essence, it's how
fast you can generate a maximal force.
In sports, "power athletes" are those who exert brute
strength in short, all-out efforts, such as Olympic weightlifters,
football players, and gymnasts.

REACTION TIME
The amount of time it takes to make a physical
response once you see the need to take an action. Reaction
time refers to how quickly you can respond to an external
stimulus.
Think about a tennis match for a moment: The best
competitors react almost instantaneously when the ball comes
off their opponent's racquet, sprinting toward the location
where they expect the ball to bounce.
(Ex. Playing table tennis, Fielding a ball)

SPEED
The rate at which one covers distance in a short
period of time. When you think of speed, you might think of
an event like the 100-meter sprint. But speed, by nature, is
relative.
An elite 100-meter sprinter needs to be very, very
fast, but only for about 10 seconds.