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Spreadsheets Lessson Two

This chapter covers the basics of spreadsheets, including terminology, creating and modifying spreadsheets, and using functions like SUM and AVERAGE. It also explains how to format worksheets, insert cells, rows, and columns, and apply borders. Additionally, it introduces operators for calculations and provides examples of arithmetic and comparison operations.

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Vokez Hitch
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12 views7 pages

Spreadsheets Lessson Two

This chapter covers the basics of spreadsheets, including terminology, creating and modifying spreadsheets, and using functions like SUM and AVERAGE. It also explains how to format worksheets, insert cells, rows, and columns, and apply borders. Additionally, it introduces operators for calculations and provides examples of arithmetic and comparison operations.

Uploaded by

Vokez Hitch
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1

CHAPTER SIX
SPREADSHEETS

E-learning
Department of Information Technology
Tutor: Mr. Kevin Osanya (0713665783
2

Lesson Two
OBJECTIVES

At the end of the chapter the learner shall be able to;


• Explain the different Spreadsheet terms
• Create a new spreadsheet and open an existing one
• Input text, numbers and simple formulae
• Employ simple functions such as SUM, AVERAGE
• Create and modify charts/graphs to illustrate data

Undo mistakes
To undo recent actions one at a time, click Undo next to the save icon.

To undo several actions at once, click the arrow next to Undo button and select from
the list. Microsoft Excel reverses the selected action and all actions above it.

To undo several actions at once, click the arrow next to Undo button on the
standard toolbar and select from the list. Microsoft Excel reverses the selected
action and all actions above it.

Insert cells, rows or columns


You can insert blank cells, rows and columns and fill them with data.

Insert blank cells


1. Select a range of existing cells where you want to insert the new blank cells.
2. Select the same number of cells as you want to insert.
3. On the insert icon under the home tab, click cells.
4. Click Shift cells right or shift cells down.

Insert rows
1. To insert a single row, click a cell in the row immediately below where you want
the new row. For example, to insert a new row above Row 5,click a cell in Row 5.
To insert multiple rows, select rows immediately below where you want the new rows,
select the same number of rows you want to insert.

2. On the Insert menu, click Rows.


3

Insert columns
1.To insert a single column, click a cell in the column immediately to the right of
where you want to insert the new column. For example, to insert a new column
to the left of column B, click a cell in column B

To insert multiple columns, select columns immediately to the right of where


you want to insert the new columns. Select the same number of columns as
you want to insert.

2. On the Insert icon on the home tab, click Columns.

6.5 FORMATTING A WORKSHEET

Change the size, font, colour, or other text format


You can specify a font, font size and font color by clicking buttons on the home tab.

Change the font or font size


1. Select whole cells or the specific text in a single cell that you want to format.
2. In the Font box, click the font you want.
3. In the Font size box, click the font size you want (on the home tab)

Make selected text or numbers bold, italic or underlined


1. Select whole cells or the specific text in a single cell that you want to format.
2. On the home tab, click a button for the format you want.

To make text Click

Bold B

Italic I

Underlined U
4

Change the text color


1. Select whole cells or the specific text in a single cell that you want to format. 2.
To apply the recently most selected color, click Font Color A

To apply a different color, click the arrow next to Font Color A and then
click a color on the palette.

6.6 APPLYING BORDERS

To apply border styles


1. Click the Border tab in the home tab.
2. Click the line style you want and then click a button to indicate the border
placement.

To apply borders to selected cells that contain rotated text


1. Click Cells on the Format icon under the home menu.
2. Click the Border tab and then use the Outline and Inside buttons under Presets.
The borders are applied to the edges of the cells which are rotated to the same degree
as the rotated text.

To change the line style of an existing border


1. Select the cells on which the border is displayed.
2. On the Border tab (Cells dialog box, Format menu) click the new line style in the
style box and then click the border you want to change in the cells diagram under
border.

Change column width and row height


You can adjust the width of columns and the height of rows. You can also define
the default width of columns for a worksheet. Defining the default column width
adjusts all columns to the same width except columns that have previously been
changed.
5

Change column width

Using different options


1. Drag the boundary on the right side of the column heading until the
column is the width you want.

2. To change the column width for multiple columns, select the columns
you want to change. Then drag a boundary at the right of a selected column
heading.

3. To change the column width for all columns on the worksheet, click the
Select All button (at the left edge of the borders) and then drag the boundary of
any column heading.

4. To make the column width fit the contents, double-click the boundary to
the right of the column heading

Change row height

Using different options

1. Drag the boundary below the row heading until the row is the height you want.

2. To change the row height for multiple rows, select the rows you want to change
then drag a boundary below a selected row heading.

3. To change the row height for all rows on the worksheet, click the Select All button
(at the left edge of the borders) and then drag the boundary below any row
heading.

4. To make the row height fit the contents, double-click the boundary below the row
heading.

THE FILL HANDLE


The fill handle enables you to extend a series. It is also used for copying formulas.
6

Procedure
1. Position the mouse pointer right on the block like mark in the bottom right
corner of the active cell.
2. Click and drag to extend a series.

6.7 OPERATORS
Operators are signs or symbols which specify the type of a calculation that you may
perform in the elements of a formula.
There are four different types of calculation operators i.e.
1. Arithmetic
2. Comparison
3. Text and
4. Reference

ARITHMETIC OPERATIONS
They perform basic mathematical operations e.g. addition, subtraction,
multiplication and division.

Operator Performs Sample Formula Result

^ Exponentiation =A1^3 Enters the result of


raising the value in
cell A1 to the third
power.
+ Addition =B1+B2 Enters the total of
The values in cells
B1 and B2.
- Subtraction =B1-B2 Subtracts the value
In cell B2 from the
value
in cell B1.
* Multiplication =A1*B1 Multiplies the value
cell A1 by cell B1.
/ Division =A1/B1 Divides the value in
cell A1 by the value
in cell B1.
7

COMPARISION OPERATORS
They compare two values then produce a logical value i.e. TRUE or FALSE.

OPERATOR EXAMPLE
= (Equal to) A1=B1
> (Greater than) A1>B1
< (Less than) A1<B1
>=(Greater or equal to) A1>=B1
<=(Less or equal to) A1<=B1
<>(Not equal to) A1<>B1

REFERENCE OPERATORS

OPERATOR EXAMPLES
:(COLON) Range operators which
produces one reference for all the cells B5:B15
between two references.

,(COMMA) Union operator which combines


multiple references into one. Sum (B5:B15,
D5:D1)

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