Here are multiple-choice questions (MCQs) based on Chapter I

(Preliminary) of The Punjab Land Revenue Act, 1967:

MCQs on Chapter I - Preliminary

1. What is the official short title of the Act?

a) The Punjab Revenue Code, 1967
b) The Punjab Land Revenue Act, 1967
c) The Punjab Revenue Administration Act, 1967
d) The Punjab Agricultural Land Act, 1967
Answer: b) The Punjab Land Revenue Act, 1967

2. The Punjab Land Revenue Act, 1967 extends to:

a) Only urban areas of Punjab
b) The whole of Pakistan
c) The whole of Punjab, except Tribal Areas
d) Selected districts of Punjab
Answer: c) The whole of Punjab, except Tribal Areas

3. Who has the authority to bring the Act or any of its provisions into operation in specific
areas?
a) The Federal Government
b) The Provincial Assembly
c) The Board of Revenue
d) The Government through notification
Answer: d) The Government through notification

4. Under what circumstances can the Government exclude an area from the operation of
any provision of the Act?
a) If the area is uninhabited
b) If the provision is deemed unsuited to that area
c) If the residents petition against the provision
d) If the area is under military control
Answer: b) If the provision is deemed unsuited to that area

5. When an area is excluded from a provision of the Act, the Government may:
a) Replace it with another law
b) Frame rules for the regulation of the excluded matters
c) Leave the area unregulated
d) Appoint a separate revenue authority
Answer: b) Frame rules for the regulation of the excluded matters

6. The provisions of the Act relating to the assessment and collection of land revenue do
NOT apply to:
a) Private agricultural lands
b) Lands owned by the government
c) Areas notified by the Board of Revenue
d) Lands under dispute in civil courts
Answer: c) Areas notified by the Board of Revenue
7. According to the Act, the term "agricultural year" refers to a year commencing on:
a) January 1st
b) July 1st
c) April 1st
d) December 1st
Answer: b) July 1st

8. What does the term "land revenue" mean under the Act?
a) Income from land transactions
b) Tax collected by the federal government
c) Revenue assessed and collected under this Act
d) Penalty imposed on landowners
Answer: c) Revenue assessed and collected under this Act

9. Who is referred to as a "Collector" under the Act?

a) A village headman responsible for tax collection
b) Any government officer appointed to collect land revenue
c) A person appointed under this Act with the powers of a Collector
d) A legal representative of landowners
Answer: c) A person appointed under this Act with the powers of a Collector

10. The "Board of Revenue" refers to:

a) A private organization regulating land transactions
b) The highest revenue authority under this Act
c) A tribunal for resolving land disputes
d) The government body responsible for taxation
Answer: b) The highest revenue authority under this Act

11. What is meant by "estate" in this Act?

a) A single piece of agricultural land
b) A collection of lands held by a single owner
c) Any area for which a separate record-of-rights exists
d) A housing society under government control
Answer: c) Any area for which a separate record-of-rights exists

12. Who is considered a "landowner" under this Act?

a) Only individuals with registered property titles
b) Any person liable to pay land revenue for an estate
c) Only farmers cultivating land
d) Tenants who have leased land for more than ten years
Answer: b) Any person liable to pay land revenue for an estate

13. Under this Act, "tenant" refers to:

a) Any person occupying land for residential purposes
b) A person holding land under another person and liable to pay rent
c) Any landowner leasing his property to another
d) A government employee managing land revenue
Answer: b) A person holding land under another person and liable to pay rent

14. The term "Revenue Officer" includes:

a) Only Collectors and Assistant Collectors
 b) Any officer authorized under this Act to perform revenue functions
c) Only officers appointed by the Federal Government
d) Village headmen collecting revenue
Answer: b) Any officer authorized under this Act to perform revenue functions

15. The "record-of-rights" refers to:

a) A government document recording land transactions
b) The official record of ownership, tenancy, and land revenue liabilities
c) A property register maintained by landowners
d) A judicial document verifying land ownership
Answer: b) The official record of ownership, tenancy, and land revenue liabilities

16. Which authority has the power to notify the commencement of this Act in specific
areas?
a) Board of Revenue
b) Provincial Assembly
c) Government
d) Supreme Court
Answer: c) Government

17. The Punjab Land Revenue Act, 1967 was enacted to:
a) Govern agricultural practices
b) Manage the collection of land revenue and maintain records
c) Oversee real estate transactions
d) Regulate civil and criminal matters related to land
Answer: b) Manage the collection of land revenue and maintain records

18. If a provision of the Act is unsuited to an area, the Government may:

a) Modify the provision for that area
b) Repeal the entire Act for that area
c) Impose additional taxes in that area
d) Shift revenue authority to local government
Answer: a) Modify the provision for that area

19. The exception of any area from the Act’s provisions is done through:
a) A government resolution
b) A public referendum
c) A notification by the Government
d) A decision by the Board of Revenue
Answer: c) A notification by the Government

20. Who has the authority to notify an area for exclusion from land revenue assessment?
a) The Collector
b) The Board of Revenue
c) The Local Government
d) The Federal Government
Answer: b) The Board of Revenue

21. The exclusion of land from the Act applies to:

a) Government-owned agricultural land
b) Private land used for commercial purposes
 c) Any area notified by the Board of Revenue
d) Only land in urban areas
Answer: c) Any area notified by the Board of Revenue

22. A "defaulter" under this Act is a person who:

a) Fails to register land within the prescribed period
b) Has not cultivated land for over five years
c) Has not paid an arrear of land revenue
d) Owns land without legal documentation
Answer: c) Has not paid an arrear of land revenue

23. Which of the following is considered an "encumbrance" under the Act?

a) A government tax imposed on land
b) A mortgage or private claim against land
c) An official notice to a landowner
d) A lease agreement between two landowners
Answer: b) A mortgage or private claim against land

24. The term "holding" in this Act refers to:

a) A piece of land leased by the government
b) A share or portion of an estate held by one or more landowners
c) A temporary land lease agreement
d) A piece of land allocated to a tenant for cultivation
Answer: b) A share or portion of an estate held by one or more landowners

25. "Kanungo" as mentioned in the Act refers to:

a) A revenue officer responsible for land assessment
b) A landowner’s legal representative
c) A supervising officer over Patwaris
d) A tenant with hereditary land rights
Answer: c) A supervising officer over Patwaris

26. Which of the following is NOT included in the definition of "landowner"?

a) A person responsible for land revenue payment
b) A person holding possession of an estate
c) A tenant leasing land from the government
d) A person who has acquired land through inheritance
Answer: c) A tenant leasing land from the government

27. What does "land revenue" include?

a) Revenue assessed under this Act or any other law
b) Only tax collected from agricultural landowners
c) Fines imposed for illegal land transactions
d) Urban property tax
Answer: a) Revenue assessed under this Act or any other law

28. The "Board of Revenue" is responsible for:

a) Enforcing land laws in all provinces of Pakistan
b) Overseeing land revenue administration in Punjab
c) Conducting land surveys and construction approvals
 d) Registering real estate companies
Answer: b) Overseeing land revenue administration in Punjab

29. "Patwari" refers to:

a) A landowner responsible for revenue collection
b) A revenue officer in charge of record-keeping
c) A tenant under government lease
d) A judicial authority for land disputes
Answer: b) A revenue officer in charge of record-keeping

30. Which of the following is classified as "irrigated land" under the Act?
a) Land that relies solely on rainwater
b) Land irrigated by a canal, tubewell, or well
c) Land with no access to water resources
d) Unused land within a city
Answer: b) Land irrigated by a canal, tubewell, or well

31. The "net assets" of an estate are determined by:

a) The annual market price of crops
b) The total estimated surplus produce after cultivation costs
c) The total land area owned by a person
d) The number of tenants working on the land
Answer: b) The total estimated surplus produce after cultivation costs

32. Which of the following is NOT considered part of the "ordinary expenses of cultivation"
under the Act?
a) Cost of irrigation maintenance
b) Wages for laborers working on the land
c) Rental income from tenants
d) The supply of seeds and manure
Answer: c) Rental income from tenants

33. "Survey number" or "Khasra number" refers to:

a) The tax identification number of a landowner
b) A portion of land recorded separately in revenue records
c) The serial number assigned to a tenant agreement
d) A reference number for disputed properties
Answer: b) A portion of land recorded separately in revenue records

34. "Tenant" under the Act does NOT include:

a) A person holding land under a lease agreement
b) A person responsible for paying rent to a landlord
c) A mortgagee of land-owner rights
d) A person with temporary occupancy rights
Answer: c) A mortgagee of land-owner rights

35. The term "village officer" includes:

a) Only the Patwari of an estate
b) Kanungos, Patwaris, and other officers supervising land revenue
c) Only revenue officers above the rank of Assistant Collector
 d) Any person elected by the village residents
Answer: b) Kanungos, Patwaris, and other officers supervising land revenue

36. The Punjab Land Revenue Act, 1967 came into effect on:
a) 1st January 1968
b) 7th December 1967
c) 14th August 1967
d) 1st July 1967
Answer: b) 7th December 1967

37. Which areas are excluded from the application of this Act?
a) Industrial zones
b) Tribal Areas
c) Private agricultural estates
d) Commercial urban areas
Answer: b) Tribal Areas

38. The Act was introduced to:

a) Facilitate property transactions
b) Provide guidelines for urban development
c) Regulate land revenue administration
d) Control the sale of agricultural land
Answer: c) Regulate land revenue administration

39. If an area is excepted from a provision of the Act, the Government:

a) Must repeal the entire Act for that area
b) Can create alternative rules for regulation
c) Has no power to govern that area
d) Transfers control to local landlords
Answer: b) Can create alternative rules for regulation

40. The Government can frame rules for excepted areas:

a) At its discretion without restrictions
b) Only after consulting local representatives
c) As long as the rules align with the Act’s provisions
d) Only through a court order
Answer: c) As long as the rules align with the Act’s provisions

41. The Act’s provisions on assessment and collection of land revenue do not apply to:
a) Public parks
b) Land notified by the Board of Revenue
c) Privately owned farmland
d) Land used for seasonal crops
Answer: b) Land notified by the Board of Revenue

42. What type of land may be excluded from the operation of this Act?
a) Land that remains uncultivated for over 5 years
b) Land notified for exemption by the Board of Revenue
c) Privately owned orchards
d) Land registered under cooperative societies
Answer: b) Land notified for exemption by the Board of Revenue
43. The "Board of Revenue" functions under the authority of:
a) The Federal Government
b) The Supreme Court
c) The Provincial Government
d) The Municipal Corporation
Answer: c) The Provincial Government

44. "Assessment Circle" is defined as:

a) A group of estates considered homogeneous for revenue assessment
b) A revenue department for a specific area
c) The process of tax collection
d) A classification of urban and rural properties
Answer: a) A group of estates considered homogeneous for revenue assessment

45. A boundary mark is:

a) A symbol of land ownership
b) A mark that defines the limits of a land division
c) A sign placed by local farmers
d) A temporary fence around cultivated land
Answer: b) A mark that defines the limits of a land division

46. "Defaulter" under this Act includes:

a) Only landowners who fail to pay revenue
b) Only tenants responsible for tax payments
c) Any person liable for an arrear of land revenue, including sureties
d) Only estate managers and collectors
Answer: c) Any person liable for an arrear of land revenue, including sureties

47. The term "estate" includes:

a) Any area with a separate record-of-rights
b) Only land owned by a single family
c) Land used for government infrastructure
d) A property under dispute in civil court
Answer: a) Any area with a separate record-of-rights

48. "Net assets" of an estate are calculated based on:

a) The total number of landowners
b) The estimated surplus produce after expenses
c) The price of land in the open market
d) The total tax collected from the estate
Answer: b) The estimated surplus produce after expenses

49. "Mutation" in land records refers to:

a) The sale of agricultural land
b) A change in ownership due to inheritance, sale, or transfer
c) The process of land cultivation
d) The exemption of land from tax
Answer: b) A change in ownership due to inheritance, sale, or transfer

50. A "tenant" under this Act does not include:

a) A person who occupies land under a lease agreement
 b) A person liable to pay rent to a landlord
c) A mortgagee of a landowner’s rights
d) A person cultivating government-owned land
Answer: c) A mortgagee of a landowner’s rights

51. "Survey number" or "Khasra number" refers to:

a) A unique number assigned to a specific portion of land
b) The revenue tax ID of a landowner
c) A reference number for disputed properties
d) The index number for agricultural produce
Answer: a) A unique number assigned to a specific portion of land

52. The "Revenue Court" under this Act is:

a) A civil court for all land disputes
b) A court designated to hear cases related to land revenue
c) A local tribunal run by village elders
d) The Supreme Court of Pakistan
Answer: b) A court designated to hear cases related to land revenue

53. "Rates and cesses" refer to:

a) Fees primarily payable by landowners for local services
b) A penalty imposed for delayed revenue payments
c) A fixed government tax on land
d) A registration fee for land ownership
Answer: a) Fees primarily payable by landowners for local services

54. Under this Act, rent is defined as:

a) Payment made to a landowner for land use
b) A tax collected by the government
c) The value of crops grown on the land
d) The cost of irrigation and fertilizers
Answer: a) Payment made to a landowner for land use

55. "Revenue Officer" under the Act includes:

a) Only Collectors and Assistant Collectors
b) Any officer authorized to perform revenue functions
c) Only officers appointed by the Board of Revenue
d) Village headmen and estate managers
Answer: b) Any officer authorized to perform revenue functions

56. What is the primary function of a Patwari?

a) Collection of revenue from landlords
b) Maintenance of land records and revenue data
c) Issuing land ownership certificates
d) Conducting land auctions
Answer: b) Maintenance of land records and revenue data

57. The Act applies to which province of Pakistan?

a) Sindh
b) Punjab
c) Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
 d) Balochistan
Answer: b

58. The Government can bring the Act into operation:

a) On the date specified in the Gazette Notification
b) After approval from the Board of Revenue
c) Automatically upon enactment
d) Only after a referendum
Answer: a

59. While excluding an area from the Act’s provisions, the Government must:
a) Consult the Board of Revenue
b) Notify the exclusion through a Gazette notification
c) Seek approval from local landlords
d) Pass a parliamentary bill
Answer: b

60. If an area is excepted from the Act, the Government can frame rules for regulation.
These rules should:
a) Be inconsistent with the Act’s principles
b) Remain in force indefinitely
c) Specify a period for which the exception remains valid
d) Be approved by the Supreme Court
Answer: c

61. The provisions of this Act do NOT apply to:

a) Land under private ownership
b) Government-notified lands
c) Land leased for commercial purposes
d) Agricultural land in urban areas
Answer: b

62. “Commencement” under this Act means:

a) The date on which a landowner registers his property
b) The day the Act or any provision comes into operation
c) The start of the agricultural year
d) The date when the first tax is collected
Answer: b

63. Which of the following is NOT an “encumbrance” under this Act?

a) A mortgage on land
b) A lease agreement
c) A government-imposed tax
d) A personal loan taken by the landowner
Answer: d

64. "Estate" in the Act can be determined by which of the following factors?
a) A separate record-of-rights exists for the land
b) The land has been assessed for land revenue separately
c) The Board of Revenue has declared it as an estate
 d) All of the above
Answer: d

65. A “landowner” under this Act can include:

a) A person who has acquired land by inheritance
b) A person in possession of an estate and enjoying its profits
c) A mortgagee of landowner rights
d) Both a and b
Answer: d

66. The “Record-of-rights” contains information about:

a) The ownership of land
b) The liabilities of tenants
c) The land revenue due on the land
d) All of the above
Answer: d

67. Which of the following does NOT fall under the category of “Revenue Officers” under this
Act?
a) Collector
b) Assistant Collector
c) Patwari
d) District Judge
Answer: d

68. What does the term “agricultural year” mean under this Act?
a) The year starting from January 1st
b) The year commencing on the first day of July
c) The fiscal year from April 1st
d) The year as decided by the Board of Revenue
Answer: b

69. The term “arrears of land revenue” refers to:

a) Land revenue remaining unpaid after the due date
b) Revenue collected in advance
c) A government grant to landowners
d) Additional charges imposed on landowners
Answer: a

70. What is meant by an “assessment circle”?

a) A group of estates assessed together for revenue purposes
b) A classification system for land ownership
c) A zone designated for taxation exemptions
d) A revenue office handling tax collection
Answer: a

71. “Board of Revenue” refers to:

a) A private institution managing land records
b) The highest provincial revenue authority
 c) A division within the Supreme Court of Pakistan
d) A department under the Federal Government
Answer: b

72. A “boundary mark” is:

a) A sign installed by private landowners
b) An official mark set up to define land divisions
c) A temporary fence for livestock enclosures
d) A marker set by villagers for dispute resolution
Answer: b

73. The “commencement” of the Act refers to:

a) The date it was signed into law
b) The day it was first proposed
c) The day it comes into effect in an area
d) The date on which amendments are proposed
Answer: c

74. A “defaulter” under this Act is someone who:

a) Is unable to cultivate land for more than 5 years
b) Has not paid an arrear of land revenue
c) Has transferred ownership without government approval
d) Holds land in dispute
Answer: b

75. “Encumbrance” refers to:

a) A charge upon land arising out of a private contract
b) A government tax applied to landholdings
c) An official restriction on cultivation
d) A penalty imposed for unlawful land use
Answer: a

76. The term “estate” includes:

a) Any land for which a separate record-of-rights exists
b) Only land used for commercial purposes
c) Land owned by multiple people collectively
d) A portion of government-owned land
Answer: a

77. A “holding” refers to:

a) A share or portion of an estate held by one or more landowners
b) A government-issued land title
c) A disputed piece of land
d) A lease agreement between landowners
Answer: a

78. What is “irrigated land”?

a) Land fed only by rainwater
b) Land irrigated by a canal, tubewell, or well
c) Uncultivated land reserved for forestry
 d) Land designated for commercial use
Answer: b

79. A “Kanungo” in revenue terminology is:

a) A supervising officer over Patwaris
b) A village head responsible for dispute resolution
c) A landowner’s legal representative
d) A government-appointed tax collector
Answer: a

80. A “landlord” is defined as:

a) Any person who owns land
b) A person under whom a tenant holds land and pays rent
c) A person leasing government land for commercial purposes
d) An individual with ownership disputes
Answer: b

81. A “landowner” includes:

a) A person liable to pay land revenue for an estate
b) Only those who cultivate the land themselves
c) People renting land from the government
d) A tenant under a private lease agreement
Answer: a

82. “Land revenue” is:

a) A tax imposed on property transactions
b) Revenue assessed or assessable under this Act
c) A fine for illegal land use
d) A fee for water supply to farms
Answer: b

83. “Mutation” in land records refers to:

a) The transfer of land ownership due to sale or inheritance
b) A new classification of land by the government
c) The temporary leasing of government-owned land
d) The process of changing land use from agriculture to commercial
Answer: a

84. A “Patwari” is responsible for:

a) Maintaining land records and revenue data
b) Collecting taxes from landowners
c) Approving land transactions in rural areas
d) Conducting legal proceedings related to land disputes
Answer: a

85. A “revenue officer” includes:

a) Only Collectors and Assistant Collectors
b) Any officer authorized under this Act to perform revenue functions
c) Only officers appointed by the Board of Revenue
d) Village elders responsible for tax collection
Answer: b
86. “Survey number” or “Khasra number” means:
a) A reference number for land disputes
b) A unique number assigned to a specific portion of land in records
c) A tax ID for landowners
d) The government’s classification of agricultural produce
Answer: b

87. “Tenant” under this Act does NOT include:

a) A person holding land under a lease agreement
b) A mortgagee of a landowner’s rights
c) A person liable to pay rent to a landlord
d) A person cultivating land with government approval
Answer: b

88. The “Revenue Court” under this Act refers to:

a) A civil court for all land-related disputes
b) A court designated to hear cases related to land revenue
c) A tribunal run by landowners
d) A committee resolving ownership disputes informally
Answer: b

89. “Village Officer” includes:

a) Only the Patwari of an estate
b) Kanungos, Patwaris, and others supervising land revenue
c) Only officers above the rank of Assistant Collector
d) Any person appointed by village residents
Answer: b
Here are multiple-choice questions (MCQs) from Chapter II:
Divisions and Districts of the Punjab Land Revenue Act, 1967:
1. How is the province divided under the Punjab Land Revenue Act, 1967?
a) Into Cities and Towns
b) Into Divisions and Districts
c) Into Tehsils and Villages
d) Into Blocks and Circles
Answer: b) Into Divisions and Districts

2. What is the minimum number of districts a Division must consist of?

a) One
b) Two
c) Three
d) Four
Answer: b) Two

3. Who has the authority to create Divisions in the Province?

a) The Governor
b) The Chief Minister
c) The Government
d) The Board of Revenue
Answer: c) The Government

4. The Government may declare the number and limits of which administrative units?
a) Villages
b) Townships
c) Divisions and Districts
d) None of the above
Answer: c) Divisions and Districts

5. How can the number or limits of a Division or a District be changed?

a) By a resolution of the local government
b) Through a public vote
c) By a notification from the Government
d) Through a court order
Answer: c) By a notification from the Government

6. Into what smaller administrative units can a District be divided?

a) Zones
b) Sub-Divisions or Tehsils
c) Sectors
d) Municipalities
Answer: b) Sub-Divisions or Tehsils

7. Who has the authority to divide a District into Sub-Divisions or Tehsils?

a) The Local Government
b) The Board of Revenue
c) The Government
 d) The Commissioner
Answer: c) The Government

8. How many Tehsils can a Sub-Division consist of?

a) One or more
b) Exactly two
c) A maximum of three
d) It depends on population size
Answer: a) One or more

9. How are the territorial limits of a Sub-Division specified?

a) By a decision of the local council
b) By a notification from the Government
c) By the Governor's order
d) Through a vote by local landowners
Answer: b) By a notification from the Government

10. Can the number or limits of Sub-Divisions or Tehsils be varied?

a) Yes, by a Government notification
b) No, once created, they remain fixed
c) Only through a referendum
d) Only through a Supreme Court order
Answer: a) Yes, by a Government notification

11. What is the purpose of dividing the province into Divisions and Districts?
a) To facilitate governance and land revenue collection
b) To create electoral constituencies
c) To distribute land among landowners
d) To establish new urban centers
Answer: a

12. Who is responsible for overseeing land revenue administration at the Division level?
a) Tehsildar
b) Patwari
c) Commissioner
d) Deputy Commissioner
Answer: c

13. Under this Act, how does the Government notify changes to Divisions or Districts?
a) By an amendment in the law
b) By issuing a public advertisement
c) By a notification in the Official Gazette
d) By consulting local landowners
Answer: c

14. What happens when a new District is created?

a) It automatically gets divided into Sub-Divisions
b) It must first be approved by the Federal Government
c) The previous revenue records are discarded
d) The landowners elect a new revenue officer
Answer: a
15. Which authority has the power to merge two or more Districts into one?
a) The Board of Revenue
b) The Provincial Government
c) The Revenue Commissioner
d) The Local Government
Answer: b

16. What is another common term for Sub-Divisions in Punjab?

a) Wards
b) Townships
c) Tehsils
d) Sectors
Answer: c

17. Who appoints revenue officers in a Sub-Division?

a) The Federal Government
b) The Provincial Government
c) The Board of Revenue
d) Local landowners through election
Answer: b

18. A Sub-Division is typically headed by which official?

a) Collector
b) Assistant Commissioner
c) Revenue Patwari
d) Municipal Officer
Answer: b

19. What happens when a Tehsil is split into two?

a) A new revenue administration is set up
b) The old Tehsil continues to operate without changes
c) The landowners decide how revenue will be collected
d) All previous land records are erased
Answer: a

20. Under what circumstances can the Government create a new Sub-Division?
a) When the population of a District increases
b) When land disputes arise in an area
c) When the Commissioner of a Division requests it
d) When political parties demand it
Answer: a

21. What is the primary function of a District in revenue administration?

a) To oversee land revenue collection and land records
b) To regulate trade and commerce
c) To maintain law and order
d) To conduct local elections
Answer: a

22. The Punjab Land Revenue Act allows the creation of new revenue units based on:
a) Population size and administrative efficiency
 b) The personal interest of government officials
c) Landowners' voting rights
d) The number of agricultural plots in an area
Answer: a

23. If a District is abolished, what happens to its revenue administration?

a) It is merged with a neighboring District
b) It continues to function independently
c) All land records are erased
d) The Federal Government takes over its control
Answer: a

24. A Division typically consists of:

a) Multiple Districts
b) A single large District
c) Urban areas only
d) Small villages grouped together
Answer: a

25. The Government can create, alter, or abolish administrative units under this Act through:
a) A Gazette notification
b) A local referendum
c) A Supreme Court order
d) A request from landowners
Answer: a